CN217128351U - Slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable slope coefficient - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a slope slot excavation equipment and excavation method of adjustable gradient coefficient. The method is suitable for the related technical field of slope groove excavation. The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model provides a slope slot excavation equipment of adjustable gradient coefficient which characterized in that: the groove forming mechanism is provided with a bottom plate and two side plates for groove excavation forming, and the two side plates are respectively and rotatably hinged to the left side and the right side of the bottom plate; the inclination angle adjusting mechanism is arranged on the groove forming mechanism and is used for adjusting the inclination angle between the side plate and the bottom plate; soil crushing mechanism set up in on the slot forming mechanism for the soil in regional the place ahead between broken bottom plate top, two blocks of curb plates to bottom plate and curb plate push away and remove the soil in place ahead and form the slot.

Description

Slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable slope coefficient

technical field

The utility model relates to a side slope trench excavation device with adjustable gradient coefficient. It is suitable for the related technical fields of slope trench excavation.

Background technique

During road construction, it is generally necessary to dig trenches for side slopes. At present, the commonly used methods are manual excavation or manual auxiliary excavator bucket excavation. The traditional manual excavation of vertical foundation trenches, although the shape of the trench wall is regular, has the problems of low construction efficiency and high labor costs; the manual-assisted excavator bucket excavation method reduces labor costs and improves work efficiency, but the excavation is difficult. Controllability is relatively poor.

When the existing excavation equipment specially used for side slope trenches is used, the slope of the side slope is fixed, and it can only be used to excavate trenches with specific requirements, and the scope of application is narrow.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: aiming at the above-mentioned problems, a slope trench excavation device with adjustable gradient coefficient is provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient, which is characterized in that:

The groove forming mechanism has a bottom plate and two side plates for groove excavation and forming, and the two side plates are respectively rotatably hinged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate;

an inclination angle adjustment mechanism, arranged on the groove forming mechanism, for adjusting the inclination angle between the side plate and the bottom plate;

The soil crushing mechanism is arranged on the groove forming mechanism, and is used for crushing the soil above the bottom plate and in front of the area between the two side plates, so that the bottom plate and the side plates can push the soil in front to form a groove.

The soil breaking mechanism has a ground-breaking circular cutter head and a rotary drive mechanism for driving the soil-breaking circular cutter head to rotate to achieve soil-breaking, wherein the soil-breaking circular cutter head is assembled by several fan-shaped plates, and the front end surface of the fan-shaped plate is made with a number of protrusions for soil breaking. block.

The central end of the fan-shaped plate is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating drive mechanism through a fixed rod, wherein the fixed rod is arranged in the radial direction, and the fan-shaped plate can be axially moved along the fixed rod through the embedded slot hole on the fan-shaped plate. on the rod;

The fan-shaped plate is connected with an expansion and retraction drive mechanism capable of driving the fan-shaped plate to move axially along the fixed rod to realize the expansion or contraction of the earth-breaking circular cutter disc.

The expansion and retraction drive mechanism and the inclination angle adjustment mechanism are connected through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is used to synchronize the expansion and retraction drive mechanism when the inclination angle of the inclination angle adjustment mechanism increases between the side plate and the bottom plate. The earth-breaking circular cutter disc is adjusted to spread; when the inclination angle adjustment mechanism reduces the inclination angle between the adjusting side plate and the bottom plate, the expanding and retracting drive mechanism is synchronously adjusted to retract the earth-breaking circular cutter disc.

The inclination adjustment mechanism has a threaded rod located above the bottom plate and arranged parallel to the axis of the bottom plate, and a first motor for driving the threaded rod to rotate. The first connecting rods are connected, one end of the first connecting rod is connected to the corresponding side plate via the bidirectional adjusting piece, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the threaded sleeve via the bidirectional adjusting piece.

The two-way adjusting member has a rotating cylinder parallel to the threaded rod and a hinge shaft arranged perpendicular to the rotating cylinder, wherein the rotating cylinder can be rotatably mounted on the corresponding side plate and the threaded sleeve around its own axis, and the hinge shaft is connected to the corresponding first. a connecting rod.

The expansion-retraction drive mechanism has a cylindrical barrel that is coaxially sleeved on the drive shaft. The cylindrical barrel is sleeved with a moving ring that can move in the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel. The rotating ring is connected to the fan-shaped plate through a third connecting rod, and the two ends of the third connecting rod are respectively rotatably hinged with the fan-shaped plate and the rotating ring.

The end of the cylindrical cylinder is rotatably installed with a receiving ring, and the receiving ring is provided with a second chute corresponding to the fixing rod one-to-one, the second sliding groove is parallel to the corresponding fixing rod, and the corresponding fixing rod corresponds to the A sliding block adapted to the second chute is made on the sector plate.

The linkage mechanism includes a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the threaded sleeve, and the other end is hinged with the moving ring.

The diameter of the cylindrical barrel is much larger than the diameter of the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is provided with a helical blade that cooperates with the cylindrical barrel to form a soil conveying channel.

A traction plate for connecting the tractor is fixed on the bottom plate, and both the inclination adjustment mechanism and the soil crushing mechanism are fixedly connected with the traction plate.

A method for excavating a side slope trench by utilizing the side slope trench excavation equipment with the adjustable gradient coefficient, characterized in that:

S1. Pre-dig a groove at the side slope that can accommodate the side slope trench excavation equipment, then place the side slope trench excavation equipment in the groove, and connect the side slope trench excavation equipment with the tractor;

S2. According to the slope of the side slope, adjust the angle of the two side plates relative to the bottom plate through the inclination adjustment mechanism,

S3. Start the soil crushing mechanism, and cooperate with the traction of the tractor to crush the soil above the bottom plate and between the two side plates;

S4. The tractor pulls the slope trench excavation equipment to move as a whole, and the soil crushed by the soil crushing mechanism enters the top of the bottom plate and between the two side plates. The soil crushing mechanism removes the remaining soil after crushing and realizes the formation of grooves;

S5. Remove the soil entering the trench excavation equipment of the slope through the soil lifting mechanism.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model crushes the soil in front of the equipment through the soil crushing mechanism, so as to facilitate the bottom plate and the side plate to push and remove the side soil to form side grooves. The utility model adjusts the inclination angles of the two side plates through the inclination angle adjustment mechanism, so as to realize the excavation of side grooves with different slopes. At the same time, when the inclination angle of the side plates is changed, the soil crushing mechanism follows the divergence or retraction, so that the soil crushing mechanism and the side plates can be separated from each other. The distance between the plates is kept within a certain range, which is convenient for the side plate or bottom plate to push out the remaining soil, and prevents the side plate and the bottom plate from being blocked when they shovel the soil.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state of the earth breaking component and the cylindrical cylinder in the slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the connection state of a plurality of sector plates in the slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cylindrical barrel in a slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient.

1. Side plate; 2. Traction plate; 3. First motor; 4. Connecting frame; 5. Second motor; 6. Receiving plate; 7. Beam frame; 8. Threaded rod; 9. Threaded sleeve; 10. connecting cylinder; 11, first connecting rod; 12, second connecting rod; 13, cylindrical cylinder; 14, drive shaft; 15, bottom plate; 16, support rod; 17, sector plate; 18, helical blade; 19, first Three connecting rods; 20, moving ring; 21, rotating ring; 22, slider; 23, raised block; 24, fixed rod; 25, first chute; 26, second chute.

Detailed ways

This embodiment is a slope trench excavation device with adjustable gradient coefficient, including a trench forming mechanism, an inclination angle adjustment mechanism, a soil crushing mechanism, and the like.

In this example, the groove forming mechanism has a bottom plate and two side plates for groove excavation and forming, and the two side plates are respectively rotatably hinged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate. A traction plate is fixed on the rear end of the bottom plate. The traction plate is perpendicular to the bottom plate and vertical to the length direction of the bottom plate. The middle position of the bottom plate is fixed with a receiving plate parallel to the traction plate. The traction plate and the receiving plate are connected by a plurality of connecting frames.

In this embodiment, the inclination adjustment mechanism has a threaded rod arranged parallel to the length of the bottom plate. One end of the threaded rod is rotatable around its own axis and is installed on the receiving plate and connected to a first motor (the motor is fixed on the receiving plate) that can drive the threaded rod to rotate. , the other end of the threaded rod can be rotatably connected to the beam frame, and the beam frame is fixed on the receiving plate. The threaded rod is equipped with threaded sleeves to connect the side plates on both sides respectively through a first connecting rod.

In this example, the two-way adjusting member has a rotating cylinder parallel to the threaded rod and a hinge shaft fixed on the rotating cylinder and arranged perpendicular to the rotating cylinder, wherein the rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted on the corresponding side plate and the threaded sleeve around its own axis, and is hinged The shaft is connected to the corresponding first connecting rod.

In this embodiment, the soil crushing mechanism has a soil-breaking circular cutter head and a rotary drive mechanism for driving the soil-breaking circular cutter head to rotate to achieve soil-breaking. The rotary driving mechanism has a drive shaft arranged parallel to the length direction of the bottom plate, and one end of the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the bearing plate And connect the second motor (the motor is fixed on the bearing plate), and the other end of the drive shaft is coaxially connected to the earth-breaking circular cutter head.

In this example, the earth-breaking circular cutter head is made up of 8 fan-shaped plates, and the front end of the fan-shaped plate is provided with a number of raised blocks for soil-breaking. The central end of the fan-shaped plate is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating drive mechanism through a fixed rod, wherein the fixed rod is arranged radially along the earth-breaking circular cutter head, and the fan-shaped plate can be axially moved along the fixed rod through the embedded slot hole on it. on the rod. The fan-shaped plate is connected with an expansion and retraction drive mechanism which can drive the fan-shaped plate to move along the axial direction of the fixed rod to realize the expansion or contraction of the earth-breaking circular cutter disc.

In this embodiment, a receiving ring is coaxially installed at the front end of the cylindrical cylinder. The receiving ring is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical cylinder around its own axis. The contact surface of the receiving ring with the sector plate is provided with a fixing rod for the corresponding sector plate. A parallel second chute, a sliding block is built into the second chute, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the corresponding sector plate.

In this example, the fan-shaped plate cooperates with the fixed rod through the embedded slot hole, and the sliding block cooperates with the second chute so that the fan-shaped plate can move along its radial direction, so as to realize the expansion or contraction of the earth-breaking circular cutter head.

In this embodiment, the expansion and contraction drive mechanism has a moving ring that is coaxially sleeved on the cylindrical barrel and can move along the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel. The cylindrical barrel is provided with a plurality of parallel cylindrical barrel axes that are adapted to the moving ring. Arranged first chute. In this example, a rotating ring is coaxially connected to the moving ring, the rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the moving ring around its own axis, and the rotating ring is hingedly connected to eight sector plates through eight third connecting rods. In this embodiment, when the moving ring is driven to move toward the earth-breaking circular cutter head, the moving ring drives the sector plate to move radially outward through the rotating ring and the third connecting rod, so as to realize the earth-breaking circular cutter disc diffusion; when the moving ring is driven to move toward the receiving plate When moving, the moving ring drives the fan-shaped plate to move radially inward through the rotating ring and the third connecting rod, so as to realize the closing of the earth-breaking circular cutter head.

In this embodiment, the expansion and retraction drive mechanism and the inclination angle adjustment mechanism are connected through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is used to synchronize the expansion and retraction drive mechanism when the inclination angle of the inclination adjustment mechanism increases between the adjustment side plate and the bottom plate. The earth-breaking circular cutter disc is adjusted to spread; when the inclination angle adjustment mechanism reduces the inclination angle between the adjusting side plate and the bottom plate, the expanding and retracting drive mechanism is synchronously adjusted to retract the earth-breaking circular cutter disc.

In this example, the linkage mechanism includes a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the threaded sleeve in the inclination angle adjusting mechanism, and the other end is hinged with the moving ring in the expanding and retracting driving mechanism. When the first motor drives the threaded rod to rotate in the forward direction, the threaded sleeve on the threaded rod moves away from the end of the receiving plate, thereby driving the side plate to incline outward through the first connecting rod, increasing the inclination angle, and also passing through the second connecting plate. Drive the moving reversing earth-breaking circular cutter head to move to realize the earth-breaking circular cutter disc diffusion; when the first motor drives the threaded rod to rotate in the opposite direction, the threaded sleeve on the threaded rod moves toward the end of the receiving plate, thereby driving the side through the first connecting rod. The plate is inclined inward to reduce the inclination angle, and the moving reversing receiving plate is also driven to move by the second connecting plate, so as to realize the folding of the earth-breaking circular cutter head.

In this embodiment, the soil in front is crushed by the soil crushing mechanism, so as to facilitate the removal of the side soil by the bottom plate and the side plate to form side grooves. When the side grooves of different slopes are excavated, and when the inclination angle of the side plate is changed, the earth-breaking circular cutter disc will follow the divergence or retraction, so as to prevent the side plate and the bottom plate from being obstructed when shoveling the soil, and it has strong practicability.

In this example, the distance between the soil crushing mechanism and the side plate is kept basically unchanged through the divergence or retraction of the soil breaking assembly, so that the shovel power is reduced when the side plate shovels the soil. The inclined surfaces provided at the front ends of the side plates and the bottom plate are mainly to ensure that the ends of the side plates and the bottom plate are in a cutter head structure, which is convenient for soil removal.

In this embodiment, a tractor is detachably installed on the traction plate, and the tractor is a common technical module, so this embodiment does not specifically limit it.

In this example, a gap is reserved between the soil crushing mechanism and the bottom plate and the side plate. During operation, the soil can move through the gap to facilitate the treatment of the broken soil. Of course, in the specific implementation process, between the receiving plate and the traction plate A hoisting mechanism can be installed between them, and the hoisting mechanism is used to lift the soil to be separated from the equipment. This embodiment of the hoisting mechanism is not shown in the figure, and a simple screw conveying structure can be used, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the protruding block is provided with a toothed portion along the rotation direction of the fan-shaped plate. When the fan-shaped plate rotates, the toothed portion on the protruding block can easily crush the soil.

When the second motor works, it drives the drive shaft to rotate, and when the drive shaft rotates, it drives the sector plate to rotate through the action of the fixing rod, so as to realize the drive requirement.

In this embodiment, the helical blade rotates with the drive shaft, and the soil entering the cylindrical cylinder through the gaps between the plurality of fan-shaped plates moves in the cylindrical cylinder under the action of the helical blades, and finally passes through the connection between the cylindrical cylinder 13 and the receiving plate. The gap between them falls out, and after falling out, it is sent to the outside of the equipment through the lifting mechanism.

The method for excavating trenches using the slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

S1. Pre-dig a groove that can accommodate the excavation equipment at the side slope, then place the excavation equipment in the groove, and connect the traction plate to the traction machine;

S2. Start the first motor according to the slope of the slope, and the first motor drives the threaded rod to rotate to drive the threaded sleeve to move axially along the threaded rod. When the threaded sleeve moves, the two side plates are driven relative to the bottom plate by the action of the first connecting rod. angle adjustment, and at the same time, through the action of the second connecting rod, a plurality of fan-shaped plates are driven to spread or close;

S3, start the second motor, the second motor drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the drive shaft drives the plurality of sector plates and the receiving ring to rotate through the fixed rod, so as to crush the soil through the raised blocks;

S4. The tractor works to drive the excavation equipment to move as a whole. The crushed soil enters between the bottom plate and the side plate, and part of it enters the cylindrical cylinder through the gaps of multiple fan-shaped plates, and is transported by the action of the screw blades. and the side plate to remove and form the soil on the inner side of the slope;

S5. The soil entering between the bottom plate and the side plate is discharged through a separate lifting mechanism, and the tractor continues to work to complete the trench excavation.

Claims (11)

1. a slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient, is characterized in that: The groove forming mechanism has a bottom plate and two side plates for groove excavation and forming, and the two side plates are respectively rotatably hinged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate; an inclination angle adjustment mechanism, arranged on the groove forming mechanism, for adjusting the inclination angle between the side plate and the bottom plate; The soil crushing mechanism is arranged on the groove forming mechanism, and is used for crushing the soil above the bottom plate and in front of the area between the two side plates, so that the bottom plate and the side plates can push the soil in front to form a groove. 2. The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil crushing mechanism has a soil-breaking circular cutterhead and a rotating drive mechanism for driving the soil-breaking circular cutterhead to rotate to achieve soil-breaking, Among them, the earth-breaking circular cutter head is assembled by a plurality of fan-shaped plates, and the front end surface of the fan-shaped plate is provided with a plurality of raised blocks for soil-breaking. 3 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 2 , wherein the center end of the sector plate is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating drive mechanism through a fixed rod, wherein the fixed rod is 3 . Arranged along the radial direction, the fan-shaped plate is sleeved on the fixed rod through the embedded slot hole on the fixed rod, which can move along the axial direction of the fixed rod; The fan-shaped plate is connected with an expansion and retraction drive mechanism capable of driving the fan-shaped plate to move axially along the fixed rod to realize the expansion or contraction of the earth-breaking circular cutter disc. 4 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 3 , wherein the expansion and retraction drive mechanism and the inclination angle adjustment mechanism are connected through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is used for When the inclination angle adjustment mechanism increases the inclination angle between the side plate and the bottom plate, the expansion and retraction drive mechanism is synchronously adjusted to adjust the expansion of the earth-breaking circular cutter head; when the inclination angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the inclination angle between the side plate and the bottom plate to decrease Hours, synchronously make the expansion and retraction drive mechanism adjust the ground-breaking circular cutter head to retract. 5 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient factor according to claim 4 , wherein the inclination adjustment mechanism has a threaded rod and a driving thread located above the bottom plate and arranged parallel to the axis of the bottom plate. 6 . The first motor for the rotation of the rod, the threaded rod is equipped with a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve and the side plate are connected through a first connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is connected to the corresponding side plate through a two-way adjusting member, and the first connecting rod The other end is connected to the threaded sleeve through a bidirectional adjustment piece. 6 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 5 , wherein the two-way adjusting member has a rotating cylinder parallel to the threaded rod and a hinge shaft arranged perpendicular to the rotating cylinder, wherein The rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted on the corresponding side plate and the threaded sleeve, and the hinge shaft is connected with the corresponding first connecting rod. 7 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 5 , wherein the expansion and retraction driving mechanism has a cylindrical barrel that is coaxially sleeved on the driving shaft, and the cylindrical barrel is 7 . A moving ring is set on the sleeve that can move along the axial direction of the cylindrical cylinder, and a rotating ring that can rotate around the axis is coaxially installed on the moving ring. It is rotatably hinged with the fan-shaped plate and the rotating ring. 8 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 7 , wherein a receiving ring is rotatably installed on the end of the cylindrical cylinder, and the receiving ring is made with the fixing rod. 9 . One-to-one corresponding second sliding grooves, the second sliding grooves are parallel to the corresponding fixing rods, and the sector plates corresponding to the corresponding fixing rods are provided with sliding blocks adapted to the second sliding grooves. 9 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 7 , wherein the linkage mechanism comprises a second connecting rod, and one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the threaded sleeve, 10 . The other end is hinged to the moving ring. 10 . The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 7 , wherein the diameter of the cylindrical barrel is much larger than the diameter of the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is equipped with a cylindrical barrel to cooperate with the cylindrical barrel. 11 . Spiral blades of soil conveying channels. 11. The slope trench excavation equipment with adjustable gradient coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: a traction plate for connecting a traction machine is fixed on the bottom plate, and the inclination adjustment mechanism and the soil crushing mechanism are both Fixed connection to the traction plate.

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