CN217077742U

CN217077742U - Electric arc plasma device of purification metal

Info

Publication number: CN217077742U
Application number: CN202220862140.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁风; 解志鹏; 张达; 杨斌
Original assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-04-14
Filing date: 2022-04-14
Publication date: 2022-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-14

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric arc plasma device of purification metal relates to metal purification technical field. The device comprises a purification chamber, a water-cooled crucible, a cathode, a condensation disc, a blowing unit and a bottom blowing gas unit. The purification chamber is provided with an inflation inlet and an air extraction inlet; the water-cooled crucible and the cathode are arranged in the purification chamber, and the cathode is positioned above the water-cooled crucible in an inclined manner; the condensation disc is positioned on the wall top of the purifying chamber; the blowing unit comprises a plurality of spray guns arranged at the bottom of the water-cooled crucible cavity; the bottom blowing gas unit is provided with a gas supply pipe which passes through the bottom wall of the purification chamber, extends into the water-cooled crucible and is communicated with the plurality of spray guns. The beneficial effects of the utility model include: simple structure, operating temperature are high, purification efficiency is high, can realize multiple metal, especially to refractory metal's high-efficient purification.

Description

Electric arc plasma device of purification metal

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a metal purification technical field, particularly, relate to an electric arc plasma device for purifying metal.

Background

With the progress of social science and technology, the requirements of modern industry on the purity of metal raw materials are increasingly strict, and the performance of the metal raw materials is greatly influenced by the purity of the metal raw materials. Currently, research on high-purity metal materials is still in the beginning. Common methods of purification include chemical extraction, vacuum distillation, electron beam melting, electromigration, and electrolytic refining. The disadvantages of chemical extraction are that the process is tedious and environmentally unfriendly; the limitation of vacuum distillation is that it can only purify metals with high vapor pressure near the melting point; although electron beam melting has a good purification effect, the sample is volatilized in a large amount during melting, and the recovery rate of the sample is low; the electromigration and molten salt electrolytic refining processes are long in flow path, and the risk of metal contamination during the purification process is high. With the development of plasma smelting technology, researchers have designed plasma arc refining furnaces for refining and purifying metals to obtain high-purity metallurgical products. Although many advances have been made in plasma metallurgy technology, it has not been industrially applied on a large scale due to limitations in equipment and production costs and technical difficulties.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the not enough that exist among the prior art, the utility model aims to solve one or more problems that exist among the above-mentioned prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a purification device with simple structure and high purification efficiency, and the other purpose is to reduce the production cost and realize clean production.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an arc plasma apparatus for purifying a metal.

The apparatus may include a purification chamber, a water-cooled crucible, a cathode, a condensation plate, a blowing unit, and a bottom blowing gas unit. The purification chamber is provided with an inflation inlet and an air extraction inlet; the water-cooled crucible and the cathode are arranged in the purification chamber, and the cathode is positioned above the water-cooled crucible in an inclined manner; the condensation disc is positioned on the wall top of the purifying chamber; the blowing unit comprises a plurality of spray guns arranged at the bottom of the water-cooled crucible cavity; the bottom blowing gas unit is provided with a gas supply pipe which passes through the bottom wall of the purification chamber, extends into the water-cooled crucible and is communicated with the plurality of spray guns.

Further, the purification chamber may have a first cooling mechanism; the condensation plate may have a second cooling mechanism.

Further, the first cooling mechanism and/or the second cooling mechanism may be a water cooling mechanism.

Further, the water-cooled crucible may have a water-cooling hole group penetrating the bottom wall of the purification chamber.

Further, the device can also comprise a vacuum pump and an air exhaust pipeline which are sequentially connected and finally connected with the air exhaust port.

Further, the decontamination chamber is positioned on the work bench and has a hatch.

Further, the door may be disposed at the end of the purification chamber by means of a bolt or a pin.

Further, the condensation plate is positioned above the water-cooled crucible, and the diameter of the condensation plate is 1/3-2/3 of the length of the purification chamber.

Further, the device can also comprise a condensation plate cleaning unit arranged below the condensation plate, and the condensation plate cleaning unit can remove impurities deposited on the condensation plate.

Furthermore, the condensation plate cleaning unit can comprise a cleaning rod and an air pipe which are connected, the cleaning rod is transversely arranged and is positioned below the condensation plate, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the rod body of the cleaning rod; an air duct extends through a wall of the purification chamber.

Furthermore, one end of the air pipe, which is positioned outside the purifying chamber, is connected with a dust suction device.

Furthermore, the bottom wall of the purifying chamber is provided with a through hole, and the gas supply pipe enters the purifying chamber through the through hole; the bottom blowing gas unit is capable of providing different gases to the lance.

Further, a rubber sealing ring can be arranged at the through hole.

Furthermore, the inflation inlet can be arranged on the left side of the top of the purification chamber and is externally connected with an inflation tube, and an inflation valve is arranged on the inflation tube.

Further, the apparatus may also include an electrical control system.

Further, the device may be a dc discharge device, an ac arc device or a radio frequency arc device.

In use of the apparatus, the metal to be purified is placed in the water-cooled crucible and the metal to be purified serves as the anode.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model can include following at least one item:

(1) the utility model discloses the electric arc plasma device operating power of purification metal is less, has realized the metallurgical purification of plasma, has simplified the purification process steps of high-purity metal, has effectively reduced the cost of traditional approach.

(2) The utility model discloses at the purification in-process, change the gaseous kind and the pressure of electric current and plasma, can effectively purify to the different impurity of purification in-process, realize the preparation of high-purity metal.

(3) The utility model discloses utilize the high temperature characteristic of plasma during operation, also can carry out high-efficient purification to the refractory metal that has the high melting point, whole purification process does not have the waste and generates, and is friendly to the environment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an arc plasma apparatus for purifying metals according to the present invention;

figure 2 shows a front view of the condensation plate cleaning unit of the present invention;

figure 3 shows a top view of the condensation plate cleaning unit of the present invention.

Description of the main reference numerals:

1-purification chamber, 2-water-cooled crucible, 3-cathode, 4-condensation plate, 5-working bench, 6-gas charging port, 7-purification chamber water-cooling hole, 8-cabin door, 9-pumping port, 10-vacuum pump, 11-water-cooling hole group, 12-anode, 13-condensation plate water-cooling hole, 14-cleaning rod, 15-air pipe, 16-spray gun, 17-bottom blowing gas equipment, 18-air supply pipe, 19-through hole and 20-rubber sealing ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Details not described in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

It should be noted that, for convenience of description and relative orientation or positional relationship, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like do not indicate or imply that the components referred to must have the specific orientation or position.

Exemplary embodiment 1

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of an arc plasma apparatus for purifying metal according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows a front view of the condensation plate cleaning unit of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a top view of the condensation plate cleaning unit of the present invention.

The present exemplary embodiment provides an arc plasma apparatus for purifying a metal. This is described below in conjunction with fig. 1 to 3.

The device comprises a purification chamber 1, a water-cooled crucible 2, a cathode 3, a condensation disc 4, a blowing unit and a bottom blowing gas unit.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, purification chamber 1 may be disposed on work stage 5. An inflation inlet 6 is formed in the left side of the top of the purification chamber 1, the inflation inlet 6 is externally connected with an inflation tube, an inflation valve is arranged on the inflation tube, the purification chamber 1 can be inflated after the inflation valve is opened, and the gas environment in the purification chamber 1 can be maintained by closing the inflation valve.

Purification chamber 1 may have a first cooling mechanism, which may be a water cooling mechanism. For example, a purification chamber water cooling hole 7 is opened at the left side of the bottom of the purification chamber 1, and the purification chamber water cooling hole 7 is used for circulation of cooling water to maintain the temperature of the purification chamber 1.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a hatch 8 is provided at one end of purification chamber 1, and hatch 8 may be provided at the end of purification chamber 1 by means of bolts or pins. An air suction opening 9 is provided in the hatch 8.

The apparatus may further include a vacuum pump 10, and the vacuum pump 10 may be connected to the pumping port 9 through a pumping line, thereby performing a vacuum pumping operation on the purification chamber 1. The vacuum pump 10 may be mounted under the work bench 5. During specific application, an electromagnetic valve can be further installed on the air exhaust pipeline, when the vacuum pump 10 is used for exhausting air to the purification chamber 1, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and after the vacuum is exhausted, the electromagnetic valve is closed so as to ensure the vacuum environment in the purification chamber 1.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the water-cooled crucible 2 is disposed at the bottom of the purification chamber 1, and the water-cooled crucible 2 can be a water-cooled copper crucible, which is not limited to this, and crucibles with other cooling functions are also suitable for the present invention. The bottom of the water-cooled crucible 2 may be provided with a water-cooling hole group 11 penetrating the bottom wall of the purification chamber 1, the water-cooling hole group 11 being used for circulation of cooling water within the water-cooled crucible 2, thereby maintaining the temperature of the water-cooled crucible 2. The water cooling hole set 11 may include two water cooling holes, one of which is a water inlet hole and the other of which is a water outlet hole.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, cathode 3 is disposed in purification chamber 1, cathode 3 may be located obliquely above water-cooled crucible 2, and its upper end is fixed to the right side wall of the top of purification chamber 1, and cathode 3 may be a water-cooled cathode.

In a particular application, the metal to be purified is placed in a water-cooled crucible 2 as an anode 12. Before operation, the distance between the anode 12 and the cathode 3 can be adjusted to achieve a preset electrode distance.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the condensation plate 4 is disposed on the top wall of the purification chamber 1, above the water-cooled crucible 2, and has a diameter of 1/3-2/3 of the length of the purification chamber 1. Preferably, the diameter of the condensation plate 4 may be 1/2 times the length of the purification chamber 1, so that the evaporated impurities can be better collected and separated.

The condensation plate 4 may have a second cooling mechanism, and the second cooling mechanism may also be a water cooling mechanism, for example, a condensation plate water cooling hole 13 is formed on the left side of the top of the condensation plate 4, and the condensation plate water cooling hole 13 is used for circulation of cooling water in the condensation plate 4 to maintain the temperature of the condensation plate 4. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the condensation plate having other cooling functions is also suitable for the present invention.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a condensation plate cleaning unit capable of removing foreign substances deposited on the condensation plate 4 is installed below the condensation plate 4.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the condensation plate cleaning unit may include cleaning rods 14 and an air duct 15 connected to each other, the cleaning rods 14 being disposed laterally and below the condensation plate 4, the air duct 15 penetrating the wall of the purification chamber 1, and one end of the cleaning rods 14 being connected to one end of the air duct 15. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cleaning rod 14 has a plurality of air holes opened on the rod body, the length of the air holes is equal to the diameter of the condensation plate 4, and the cleaning rod 14 can rotate 180 ° in the horizontal direction. In a specific application, one end of the air pipe 15, which is positioned outside the purifying chamber 1, is connected with a dust suction device, so that impurities deposited on the condensing disc 4 can be removed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the blowing unit may include a plurality of lances 16 installed at the bottom of the cavity of the water-cooled crucible 2, and the lances 16 are used to inject gas into the anode 12 to enhance the stirring of the metal to be purified and improve the purification efficiency.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the bottom-blowing gas unit may include a bottom-blowing gas device 17, and the bottom-blowing gas device 17 may be disposed under the work bench 5. The bottom blowing gas unit is provided with a gas supply pipe 18, and the gas supply pipe 18 passes through the bottom wall of the purifying chamber 1 and extends into the water-cooled crucible 2 and is communicated with the plurality of spray guns 16. In a specific application, a through hole 19 is formed in the bottom wall of the purification chamber 1, a gas supply pipe 18 enters the purification chamber 1 through the through hole 19 and is connected with the spray gun 16, and the bottom blowing gas device 17 can provide different gases to the spray gun 16.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, a rubber packing 20 is provided in the through hole 19.

In this embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise an electrical control system.

In this embodiment, the device may be a dc discharge device, an ac arc device, or a radio frequency arc device.

For a better understanding of the above exemplary embodiments of the present invention, further description is made below by way of examples 1, 2 in conjunction with fig. 1 to 3. In which example 1 illustrates the operation principle of an arc plasma apparatus for purifying metals, and example 2 illustrates a specific purification embodiment.

Example 1

The utility model discloses the operating principle of the electric arc plasma device of purification metal includes:

firstly, a metal anode 12 to be purified is placed in a water-cooled crucible 2, a cathode 3 is placed in a purification chamber 1, the electrode distance in the purification chamber 1 is set to be a preset distance, a vacuum pump 10 is used for pumping air into the purification chamber 1, and an electromagnetic valve is closed after the vacuum pumping.

Then, opening an inflation valve, introducing buffer gas into the purification chamber 1 to a preset pressure, closing the inflation valve, and waiting for arcing; simultaneously starting the bottom blowing gas device 17; the current is raised to a preset current, and the direct current arc discharge is started and the voltage is kept constant.

The evaporated impurities are deposited on the condensation plate 4, the arc of the purification chamber 1 is turned off, and the condensation plate cleaning unit is started to remove the impurities deposited on the condensation plate 4.

In the working process, circulating cooling water flows in the purification chamber 1, the water-cooled crucible 2 and the condensation disc 4, so that the temperature of the equipment is kept at room temperature, and the equipment is prevented from being damaged.

In the working process, the sublimation rate of the impurities can be controlled by changing the current and the pressure of the plasma gas; the impurity removal rate can be controlled by changing the arc discharge time.

The utility model discloses the electric arc plasma device of purification metal utilizes the high temperature that plasma produced to realize the effective evaporation of impurity metal, has improved metal purification efficiency, has realized cleaner production.

Example 2

This example used the arc plasma apparatus described above for purifying metals to purify a non-high purity tungsten block.

The metal to be purified is non-high-purity tungsten block as an anode 12, a water-cooled cathode tungsten rod is used as a cathode 3, and a water-cooled copper crucible is adopted as a water-cooled crucible 2. Placing a metal non-high-purity tungsten block to be purified in a water-cooled copper crucible, placing a water-cooled cathode tungsten rod in a purification chamber 1, setting the electrode spacing in the purification chamber 1 to be 2mm, pumping air into the purification chamber 1 by using a vacuum pump 10, and closing an electromagnetic valve after the vacuum pumping is carried out; introducing a buffer gas into purification chamber 1 to a total pressure of 60kPa, wherein the buffer gas has a volume ratio of 1:2 of H ₂ A mixed gas of/Ar; closing the inflation valve and waiting for arc striking; starting the bottom blowing gas device 17 and increasing the current to 200A through an electric control system, starting direct current arc discharge and keeping the voltage to be 25V constant, discharging for 30min and closing the electric arc of the purifying chamber 1, and starting the condensing disc cleaning unit to remove impurities deposited on the condensing disc 4.

Wherein, the bottom blowing gas device 17 is used for blowing gas such as oxygen, air and the like into the metal non-high-purity tungsten block to be purified through the spray gun 16, so as to enhance the stirring of the metal non-high-purity tungsten block to be purified, the diffusion effect is better, and the plasma purification efficiency is improved.

Wherein, the condensation plate cleaning unit is provided with a cleaning rod 14, the diameter of which is 1cm, the length of which is equal to the diameter of the condensation plate 4, the cleaning rod is positioned 0.3mm below the condensation plate 4 and can rotate 180 degrees in the horizontal direction. One end of the air pipe 15 is connected with the cleaning rod 14, and the other end is connected with a high-power dust suction device which can remove impurities deposited on the condensation disc 4.

In the working process of the present example, the purification chamber 1, the water-cooled copper crucible and the condensation plate 4 are kept to have a circulating cooling water flow, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the equipment is kept at room temperature, preventing the equipment from being damaged and enhancing the condensation effect on impurities.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arc plasma device for purifying metal is characterized by comprising a purifying chamber, a water-cooled crucible, a cathode, a condensing disc, a blowing unit and a bottom blowing gas unit; wherein,

the purification chamber is provided with an inflation inlet and an air extraction inlet;

the water-cooled crucible and the cathode are arranged in the purification chamber, and the cathode is positioned above the water-cooled crucible in an inclined manner;

the condensation disc is positioned on the wall top of the purifying chamber;

the blowing unit comprises a plurality of spray guns arranged at the bottom of the water-cooled crucible cavity;

the bottom blowing gas unit is provided with a gas supply pipe which passes through the bottom wall of the purification chamber, extends into the water-cooled crucible and is communicated with the plurality of spray guns.

2. The arc plasma apparatus for purifying a metal of claim 1, wherein the purifying chamber has a first cooling mechanism; the condensation plate is provided with a second cooling mechanism.

3. The metal purifying arc plasma apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first cooling mechanism and/or the second cooling mechanism is a water cooling mechanism.

4. The electric arc plasma apparatus for purifying a metal as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water-cooled crucible has a set of water-cooling holes through a bottom wall of said purification chamber.

5. The metal-purifying arc plasma apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a vacuum pump and an exhaust line connected in series and finally connected to said exhaust port.

6. The arc plasma apparatus for purifying a metal according to claim 1, wherein the purification chamber is provided on a work bench and has a door.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said condensation plate is located above said water-cooled crucible and has a diameter of 1/3-2/3 of the length of said purification chamber.

8. The metal-purifying arc plasma apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a condensation plate cleaning unit installed below the condensation plate, the condensation plate cleaning unit being capable of performing a removing work on impurities deposited on the condensation plate.

9. The metal-purifying arc plasma apparatus of claim 8, wherein the condensing pan cleaning unit comprises a cleaning rod and an air duct connected, wherein,

the cleaning rod is transversely arranged and positioned below the condensation plate, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the rod body of the cleaning rod;

an air duct extends through a wall of the purification chamber.

10. The arc plasma apparatus of claim 1, wherein the purification chamber has a bottom wall with a through hole, the gas supply tube passing through the through hole into the purification chamber; the bottom blowing gas unit is capable of providing different gases to the lance.