CN217061745U - Transformer, motor and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electronic equipment, in particular to a transformer, a motor and a vehicle. The transformer comprises a primary side structure and a secondary side structure, wherein one of the primary side structure and the secondary side structure can rotate relative to the other in the circumferential direction in the transformer transformation process, or the primary side structure and the secondary side structure can respectively rotate in the circumferential direction and circumferentially surround the rotation axis of the transformer; the primary structure comprises an annular primary magnetic core and a primary winding distributed relative to the annular primary magnetic core; the secondary side structure comprises an annular secondary side magnetic core and a secondary side winding distributed relative to the annular secondary side magnetic core; at least one of the annular primary-side magnetic core and the annular secondary-side magnetic core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. The whole magnetic core of the transformer is segmented in the circumferential direction, and the reliability of contactless power transmission is improved.

Description

Transformer, motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of electronic equipment, in particular to a transformer, a motor and a vehicle.

Background

A rotor winding is arranged in a rotor of the electric excitation motor, and direct current is introduced into the rotor winding so as to provide a rotor excitation magnetic field. That is, the rotor of an electrically excited machine requires an external current to establish a magnetic field. A common power transmission system for the rotor of existing electrically excited machines uses brushes in conjunction with slip rings.

The solution of the electric current transmission to the rotor by the cooperation of the brushes and the slip ring has the following disadvantages:

(1) the electric brush and the current collecting ring are mechanically rubbed in the working process, so that the problems of reliability reduction and noise exist in the using process;

(2) the brush, especially the carbon brush, usually needs to be added with a carbon brush chamber isolated and sealed from the motor cavity. This is because the brush generates conductive carbon powder due to mechanical friction in the process of working with the collector ring, which creates great challenges for the cleanliness and insulation performance of the inside of the motor. Moreover, the electric brush and the collecting ring are not allowed to contact cooling oil of the motor in the working process, otherwise, the electric conductivity and the service life of the electric brush are adversely affected. This separate chamber and seal further increases system complexity and frictional losses, reducing motor efficiency.

The wireless excitation transformer provides a contactless power transmission mode, can replace an electric brush and a collecting ring, and further solves the two problems. However, the magnetic core of the existing wireless excitation transformer is easy to break, and normal power supply of the rotor winding is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

Embodiments of the present application provide a transformer, which can improve the reliability of contactless power transmission.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a transformer (e.g., a wireless excitation transformer) comprising a primary structure and a secondary structure, wherein one of the primary structure and the secondary structure is capable of rotating circumferentially relative to the other during a transformation process of the transformer, or wherein the primary structure and the secondary structure are each capable of rotating circumferentially around a rotational axis of the transformer.

Illustratively, the electrical machine used by the transformer is a generator when the primary structure is rotated in the circumferential direction. The axis of rotation of the transformer is the axis of rotation of the primary structure. When the secondary structure is rotated in the circumferential direction, the electrical machine to which the transformer is applied is an electrical motor, for example an electrically excited electrical machine. The axis of rotation of the transformer is the axis of rotation of the secondary structure. When the primary side structure and the secondary side structure rotate along the circumferential direction, the primary side structure and the secondary side structure rotate at different rotating speeds and rotate relatively. The axis of rotation of the primary structure and the axis of rotation of the secondary structure are both the axis of rotation of the transformer.

The primary side structure comprises an annular primary side magnetic core and a primary side winding distributed relative to the annular primary side magnetic core; the secondary structure comprises an annular secondary magnetic core and a secondary winding distributed relative to the annular secondary magnetic core; at least one of the annular primary-side magnetic core and the annular secondary-side magnetic core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. That is, the ring-shaped primary-side magnetic core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the annular secondary core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, both the annular primary-side magnetic core and the annular secondary-side magnetic core are divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction.

According to the embodiment of the present application, the annular secondary core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. After the secondary magnetic core at the rotating side of the wireless excitation transformer is partitioned in the circumferential direction, the tensile stress generated by the secondary magnetic core due to high-speed rotation or cold and hot temperature impact can be effectively reduced, and each partitioned magnetic core can freely move (for example, move along the radial direction) under the action of external force without being influenced by other magnetic cores. Therefore, the tensile stress can be eliminated through the change of the displacement of each block magnetic core, the tensile stress of the secondary side magnetic core is converted into the compressive stress of the secondary side magnetic core, and the bearing capacity of the secondary side magnetic core to the compressive stress is often multiple times of that of the secondary side magnetic core. Therefore, the secondary magnetic core can work under the state of not exceeding the strength of the secondary magnetic core, and the reliability of the secondary magnetic core of the wireless exciting transformer is greatly improved.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the primary structure and the secondary structure are arranged axially or radially opposite to each other, wherein the axial direction is parallel to the rotational axis of the transformer and the radial direction is perpendicular to the rotational axis of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the annular secondary core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction, and the annular secondary core is mounted in the sleeve and radially abuts against the wall of the sleeve, the radial direction being perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the first sleeve is disposed around the second sleeve and radially abutted; the second sleeve is arranged around the annular secondary side magnetic core and is abutted along the radial direction; the thermal expansion coefficient of the first sleeve is larger than that of the secondary magnetic core, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the second sleeve is equal to that of the secondary magnetic core.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first sleeve is an aluminum sleeve and the second sleeve is a steel sleeve.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a surface of the annular primary-side magnetic core and/or the annular secondary-side magnetic core is coated with a plastic material.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the primary cross-sectional shape of the annular primary core is any one of: c-shape, L-shape, I-shape, the primary side cross-section is a section formed by taking the annular primary side magnetic core using a primary side plane that is not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the primary plane is parallel to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the primary plane is disposed at an acute angle to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the primary side plane is stepped or curved.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the shape of the secondary cross-section of the annular secondary core is any one of: c-shaped, L-shaped, I-shaped, the secondary cross-section is a section formed by taking the annular secondary core using a secondary plane that is not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the secondary side plane is parallel to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect mentioned above, the secondary side plane is arranged at an acute angle to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the secondary side plane is stepped or curved.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electric machine comprising: the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a rotor; in the transformer according to any of the first aspects, the secondary structure is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and electrically connected to the rotor, the rotation axis of the transformer is the same as the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the primary structure is mounted on the rotating shaft in a manner of rotating relative to the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction. The secondary structure is capable of rotating circumferentially relative to the primary structure. That is, the motor is an electric motor,

in one possible implementation of the above second aspect, the electric machine is an electrically excited machine.

In a third aspect, the present application provides an electric machine comprising: the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a rotor; in the transformer according to any of the first aspect, the primary structure is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and electrically connected to the rotor, the rotation axis of the transformer is the same as the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the secondary structure is mounted on the rotating shaft in a manner of rotating relative to the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction. The primary structure is capable of rotating circumferentially relative to the secondary structure. I.e. the electrical machine is a generator.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising an electric machine as described in any of the second or third aspects.

In one possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the vehicle is a new energy automobile.

Drawings

Fig. 1 illustrates an exploded perspective view of an electric machine, according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electric machine, according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 3 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a rotating side of a transformer, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 illustrates a first cross-sectional view of a sleeve and secondary side structure in a transformer, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 illustrates a second cross-sectional view of a sleeve and secondary side structure in a transformer, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 illustrates a third cross-sectional view of a sleeve and secondary side structure in a transformer, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a primary core and a secondary core of a transformer, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 illustrates a cut-away schematic view of a cross-section of a core forming a secondary side, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 9 illustrates a subdivision schematic of a cross-section of a secondary side core, according to some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A wireless exciting transformer is a device which can realize energy transmission between a rotating part and a static part without physical contact. Such transformers are generally divided into a rotating side and a stationary side, the stationary side being fixed to a base, and the rotating side being connected to and rotating with the rotating assembly to provide power or signals to the rotating assembly. The rotating side and the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer respectively comprise a magnetic core, and the magnetic cores are integrally formed and are annular. The whole magnetic core is a sintered magnetic metal oxide and is used for forming a magnetic circuit, so that the transformer realizes energy transmission by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle. As a typical application, such a contactless resolver may be used in an electrically excited machine for energizing the rotor of the machine.

When the wireless excitation transformer passes through current, the whole magnetic core needs to be made of sintered magnetic core materials such as ferrite and the like, so that the loss of the magnetic core is reduced. However, such materials are generally low in strength, and when applied to automobile driving motors, the materials are often challenged by working conditions of high and low temperatures and high-speed rotation. The strength of the whole magnetic core is difficult to resist the tensile stress caused by centrifugal force or temperature change, and the whole magnetic core is broken.

For this purpose, the present application provides a transformer for use in an electrical machine (e.g. an electrically excited machine), wherein the entire core of the transformer is segmented in the circumferential direction, and the core segmentation scheme is applicable to both the rotating-side and the stationary-side cores. After the whole magnetic cores are segmented, the magnetic cores can freely move in the radial direction without mutual pulling force, the possibility of breakage is reduced, and the reliability of contactless power transmission is improved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the motor system 1 of the present application includes a transformer and a motor. In the present application, the transformer is exemplified as a wireless excitation transformer 10, and the motor is exemplified as an electrically excited motor 20. The electrically excited motor 20 includes a motor housing 201, and a rotating shaft 21, a rotor 22, and a stator 23 are disposed in the motor housing 201. The rotor 22 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 21 and can synchronously rotate along with the rotating shaft 21, and the stator 23 is arranged around the rotor 22.

The wireless excitation transformer 10 includes a transformer housing 101, and a primary side structure 12 (a fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10) and a secondary side structure 11 (a rotating side of the wireless excitation transformer 10) are disposed in the transformer housing 101. In fig. 2, the primary structure 12 and the secondary structure 11 are shown as being diametrically opposed (in the direction Y in fig. 2). Wherein the secondary structure 11 is disposed around the primary structure 12, and the secondary magnetic core 1221 of the secondary structure 11 is disposed around the primary magnetic core 1111 of the primary structure 12. That is, the wireless exciting transformer 10 shown in fig. 2 is a transformer of an inside-outside nested type having an outer rotating side and an inner fixed side. That is, the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 shown in fig. 2 is located inside the transformer, and the rotating side is located outside the transformer.

The present application is not so limited and in some possible embodiments, the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is located outside the transformer and the rotating side is located inside the transformer. That is, the primary structure 12 of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is disposed around the secondary structure 11.

During transformation of the wireless excitation transformer 10, the secondary structure 11 is rotatable relative to the primary structure 12 in a circumferential direction (indicated by direction T in fig. 1 and 3), which circumferentially surrounds the axis of rotation of the transformer, i.e. the axis of rotation of the secondary structure 11 (indicated by dashed line a in fig. 2). That is, the secondary side structure is the rotating side of the transformer and the primary side structure is the stationary side of the transformer.

In some possible embodiments, the primary structure rotates in the circumferential direction, the secondary structure does not rotate, and the electrical machine used for the transformer is a generator. That is, the primary side structure is the rotating side of the transformer and the secondary side structure is the stationary side of the transformer. Alternatively, in some possible embodiments, the primary structure and the secondary structure both rotate in the circumferential direction, and the primary structure and the secondary structure rotate at different speeds and relative rotation exists.

The primary structure 12 of the wireless excitation transformer 10 of the electrically excited motor 20 is mounted on the base 111, and the primary structure 12 includes a circular primary magnetic core 1111 and a primary winding 1112 distributed opposite to the circular primary magnetic core 1111. The primary magnetic core 1111 and the primary winding 1112 are insulated and fixed by a primary insulation bobbin 112. The secondary structure 11 includes a ring-shaped secondary core 1221 and a secondary winding 1222 distributed with respect to the ring-shaped secondary core 1221. Similarly, the secondary core 1221 and the secondary winding 1222 are insulated and fixed by the secondary insulating bobbin 122.

Illustratively, the insulating frameworks in the primary structure 12 and the secondary structure 11 are identical in structure. Referring to fig. 3, the secondary insulating skeleton 122 in the secondary structure 11 is illustrated as an example. The secondary insulating bobbin 122 includes an outer bobbin 1223 and an inner bobbin 1224, and the outer bobbin 1223 is disposed around the inner bobbin 1224. The bobbin inner ring 1224 is provided with an annular accommodating cavity, the secondary winding 1222 is installed in the annular accommodating cavity of the bobbin inner ring 1224, and the secondary winding 1222 is clamped through the bobbin outer ring 1223, so that the assembly of the secondary insulating bobbin 122 and the secondary winding 1222 is completed. The assembled secondary insulating bobbin 122 and secondary winding 1222 are mounted to the secondary core 1221. Illustratively, the secondary core 1221 has a ring-shaped recess, and the assembled secondary insulating bobbin 122 and secondary winding 1222 are mounted in the ring-shaped recess of the secondary core 1221. The outer bobbin ring 1223 of the secondary insulating bobbin 122 is attached to the inner wall of the secondary magnetic core 1221. The primary structure 12 is embedded in the hollow cavity of the inner ring of the secondary insulating bobbin 122 of the secondary magnetic core 1221.

The base 111 of the primary structure 12 is fitted to the rotating shaft 21 of the electric excitation motor 20 via a bearing, and is attached to the rotating shaft 21 so as to rotate in the circumferential direction (indicated by the direction T in fig. 1 and 3) relative to the rotating shaft 21 of the electric excitation motor 20. The secondary structure 11 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 21 (for example, the rotating shaft 21 is sleeved by a sleeve 121 described later), the secondary structure 11 and the rotor 22 are electrically connected by the rectifying plate 124, and the rotation axis of the transformer, that is, the rotation axis of the secondary structure 11 is the same as the axial direction (shown in the X direction in fig. 1 and 2) of the rotating shaft 21. When the transformer is applied to a generator, the primary structure is electrically connected to the rotor.

Since the primary structure 12 and the secondary structure 11 are diametrically opposed, the secondary structure 11 is disposed around the primary structure 12. Thus, the primary magnetic core 1111 of the primary structure 12 surrounds the rotation axis of the transformer, i.e., the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, and the secondary magnetic core 1221 of the secondary structure 11 also surrounds the rotation axis of the transformer, i.e., the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21.

In the transformation process of the wireless excitation transformer 10, alternating current is supplied to the primary winding 1112 of the primary structure 12 on the fixed side, and the secondary winding 1222 on the rotating side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 induces an alternating voltage, and is rectified by the rectifying plate 124 to output a direct current, and is supplied to the rotor 22 winding of the electrically excited motor 20 to establish a magnetic field. The rotor 22 and the rotor 22 of the electrically excited machine 20 rotate synchronously, and at the same time, the secondary structure 11 on the rotating side also rotates together with the rotating shaft 21 of the electrically excited machine 20, while the primary structure 12 on the stationary side does not rotate.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the annular secondary core 1221 on the rotating side of the wireless exciting transformer 10 of the present application is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. That is, the annular core on the rotating side of the wireless exciting transformer 10 is formed by splicing a plurality of divided cores in the circumferential direction, and is not an integrally molded one-piece core. The multiple block magnetic cores are recombined into a whole, and the magnetic circuit of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is basically not influenced.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the annular secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is divided into eight segments in the circumferential direction. The present application is not limited thereto, and in some possible embodiments, the annular secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is divided into six, nine, ten, and the like in the circumferential direction.

After the secondary cores 1221 on the rotating side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 are segmented in the circumferential direction, the tensile stress of the secondary cores 1221 due to high-speed rotation or cold and hot temperature impact can be effectively reduced, and each segmented core can move freely (for example, move in the radial direction) under the action of external force without being influenced by other cores. Thus, unlike the case where the entire core is expanded and the inside of the core is subjected to different internal stresses, the tensile stress can be eliminated by changing the displacement of each segmented core, and the tensile stress of the secondary core 1221 itself is converted into compressive stress on the secondary core 1221, and the bearing capacity of the secondary core 1221 to the compressive stress is often several times that of the secondary core 1221. Accordingly, the secondary core 1221 can be operated without exceeding the strength thereof, and the reliability of the secondary core 1221 of the wireless exciting transformer 10 can be greatly improved.

Meanwhile, the secondary side magnetic core 1221 with a complex cross section and a semi-closed cross section is partitioned, so that the forming and winding feasibility of the secondary side magnetic core 1221 can be effectively improved.

The above-described partitioning scheme and the advantageous effects of the sub-side magnetic core 1221 on the rotating side are also applicable to the partitioning of the primary side magnetic core 1111 on the fixed side. That is, in some possible embodiments, the annular primary magnetic core 1111 on the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction. The annular magnetic core on the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is formed by splicing a plurality of segmented magnetic cores in the circumferential direction, and is not an integrally molded one-piece magnetic core. The multiple block magnetic cores are recombined into a whole, and the magnetic circuit of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is basically not influenced.

Illustratively, the wireless excitation transformer 10 is integrally formed by filling gaps between parts by potting or injection molding, and connecting all the parts into a reliable whole. For example, the multiple segmented cores of the secondary side core 1221 may be recombined into one piece after potting or injection molding. Alternatively, the multiple segmented cores of the primary core 1111 may be reassembled into a single piece after potting or injection molding.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6 in combination with fig. 1 to 3, in some possible embodiments, the annular secondary core 1221 is installed in the sleeve 121, and the segmented cores of the secondary core 1221 are formed by arranging the sleeve 121 around the core. The sleeve 121 protects the axially connected barrel and mounting base 1213. The mounting base 1213 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 21, and the cylindrical body hoops the outer circle of the annular secondary side magnetic core 1221, so that the annular secondary side magnetic core and the cylindrical body are recombined into a whole. The annular sub-side core 1221 is radially (in the Y direction in fig. 2 and 6) abutted against the wall of the sleeve 121 and axially opposed to the mounting base 1213. Wherein the radial direction is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer. Illustratively, glue is potted or injected between the annular secondary core 1221 and the sleeve 121.

After the sub-cores 1221 are divided, the divided cores can freely move in the radial direction without any force of pulling each other, and the outside of the divided cores is protected by the sleeve 121 in order to prevent the divided cores from flying out when the sub-cores 1221 rotate. Further, the change in the displacement of each segment of the sub-side core 1221 converts the tensile stress of the segment itself into the compressive stress of the sleeve 121 on the segment. Such compressive stress may be ultimately provided by the sleeve 121, and the sleeve 121 may be freely selected from high-strength materials such as steel, aluminum, carbon fiber, glass fiber, and the like. When the sleeve 121 is made of steel, it is beneficial to ensure that the whole secondary structure 11 maintains a uniform thermal expansion coefficient, and the thermal stress generated during cold and hot changes is greatly reduced.

For example, the sleeve 121 may be a separate body or an integral body. In the present application, the sleeve 121 is integrally formed. The split sleeves 121 may be made of the same material or different materials.

Further, referring to fig. 6, the sleeve 121 of the present application includes a first sleeve 1211 and a second sleeve 1212, the first sleeve 1211 being disposed around the second sleeve 1212 and radially abutted; the second sleeve 1212 is disposed around the annular secondary core 1221 and radially abuts. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the first sleeve 1211 is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the secondary core 1221, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the second sleeve 1212 is equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the secondary core 1221. Illustratively, the material of the first sleeve 1211 is aluminum and its alloy; the second sleeve 1212 may be made of steel, copper, alloys thereof, or plastic.

The inner wall of the first sleeve 1211 is inserted into the second sleeve 1212, and only pressure or friction force is transmitted therebetween, but not tensile force. When the first sleeve 1211 expands or is largely deformed unevenly outward by a centrifugal force, the deformation is not transmitted to the sub-side core 1221 through the second sleeve 1212, and an additional stress generated on the sub-side core 1221 by a high-temperature deformation can be reduced.

By way of example, the first sleeve 1211 is an aluminum sleeve, the second sleeve 1212 is a steel sleeve, and the sleeve 121 of the present application uses a scheme of matching the aluminum sleeve with the steel sleeve, so that loss caused by excessive use of a steel material can be reduced, and thermal stress caused by a difference between a thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminum material and a thermal expansion coefficient of the magnetic core can be reduced by mutual separation of matching surfaces of aluminum and steel under a high temperature condition. Providing better protection for the secondary core 1221.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, an insulating base 123 is provided between the sleeve 121 and the secondary core 1221, the insulating base 123 being configured to axially locate the secondary core 1221. Wherein the insulating base 123 is fixedly connected with the mounting base 1213 of the sleeve 121 in the axial direction (shown in the X direction in fig. 4 and 5). The secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is axially attached to the insulating base 123. Illustratively, the secondary core 1221 and the dielectric base 123 are bonded together by glue.

In some possible embodiments, the surface of the divided magnetic cores of the annular primary magnetic core 1111 and the annular secondary magnetic core 1221 is coated with a plastic material. After the magnetic core is formed, a layer of plastic material can be coated on the surface of the magnetic core after the magnetic core is formed separately or spliced into a whole, the adhesive force between the plastic material (such as Teflon) and the pouring sealant is poor, and harmful stress caused by deformation of peripheral parts and transmitted by the pouring sealant can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, as described above, the primary structure 12 and the secondary structure 11 are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction (the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 shown by the broken line a in fig. 7), and the secondary core 1221 in the secondary structure 11 is arranged around the primary core 1111 in the primary structure 12. The present application is not limited thereto, and in some possible embodiments, the primary structure 12 and the secondary structure 11 are disposed opposite to each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 (the axial direction indicated by the broken line B in fig. 7), and the secondary core 1221 in the secondary structure 11 is disposed opposite to the primary core 1111 in the primary structure 12 in the axial direction (indicated by the broken line B in fig. 7).

Referring to fig. 7, the shape of the primary cross section of the primary magnetic core 1111 on the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 is any one of the following: c-shape (shown in (a), (b), (I), (j), (n) to (q) of FIG. 7), L-shape (shown in (C) to (h) of FIG. 7), and I-shape (shown in (k) and (L) of FIG. 7). The primary core 1111 may be a one-piece core or a split core. That is, the shape of the primary side cross-section of the whole or divided magnetic core is any one of: c-shaped, L-shaped and I-shaped.

Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the shape of the secondary cross-section of the annular secondary core 1221 is any one of: c-shape (shown in FIGS. 7 (a), (b), (g), (h), (k) to (m) and 3), L-shape (shown in FIGS. 7 (C) to (f), (I) and (j), and I-shape (shown in FIGS. 7 (n) to (q)).

Referring to fig. 8, the primary side cross section is a section formed by taking the annular primary side magnetic core 1111 using a primary side plane that is not perpendicular to the rotation axis (indicated by a broken line a in fig. 8) of the annular secondary side magnetic core 1221. The primary plane is a primary cross-sectional plane that forms the primary cross-section. The sub-side cross section is a section formed by cutting the annular sub-side magnetic core 1221 using a sub-side plane (shown in C in fig. 8) that is not perpendicular to the rotation axis (shown by a broken line a in fig. 8) of the annular sub-side magnetic core 1221. The secondary side plane is the secondary side cut plane forming the secondary side cross section.

Referring to fig. 7, the structural combination of the primary magnetic core 1111 and the secondary magnetic core 1221 of the wireless excitation transformer 10 of the present application includes the following:

(1) as shown in fig. 7 (a), the core on the rotating/stationary side is C-shaped in cross section. That is, the cross-sections of the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221 are both C-shaped, and both lateral sides of the core on each side are equal in length.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged diametrically opposite to each other, the rotation axis a is parallel to the vertical sides of the C-shaped cross sections of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates in the circumferential direction with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis a, a cylindrical air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221.

When the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221 are arranged to be opposed to each other in the axial direction, the rotation axis B is parallel to the lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the two cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates in the circumferential direction with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis B, a planar air gap is formed between the cores.

(2) As shown in fig. 7 (b), the core on the rotating/fixing side is C-shaped in cross section. That is, the cross-sections of the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221 are both C-shaped, and the two lateral sides of each core are not equal in length.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged diametrically opposite to each other, the rotation axis a is parallel to the vertical sides of the C-shaped cross sections of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates in the circumferential direction with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis a, two cylindrical air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221.

When the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221 are arranged to be opposed to each other in the axial direction, the rotation axis B is parallel to the lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the two cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates in the circumferential direction with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis B, two planar air gaps are formed between the cores.

(3) As shown in fig. 7 (c) to (f), the magnetic core on the rotating/fixing side is L-shaped in cross section. That is, the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are each L-shaped in cross section.

As shown in fig. 7 (c), in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a, the horizontal side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary core 1221 is located above and spaced from the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary core 1111, and the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary core 1221 is located above and spaced from the horizontal side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary core 1111.

As shown in fig. 7 (d), in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary core 1221 is located to the right of and spaced from the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary core 1111, and the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary core 1221 is located to the right of and spaced from the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary core 1111.

As shown in fig. 7 (e), in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a, the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is positioned above and spaced from the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary-side magnetic core 1111; in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is located on the right side of the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and is disposed at an interval.

As shown in fig. 7 (f), in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221 is located to the right of the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111 and is disposed at an interval; in a direction parallel to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221 is located above and spaced from the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged diametrically opposite to each other, the rotation axis a is parallel to the vertical sides of the L-shaped cross sections of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates around the rotation axis a, as shown in fig. 7 (c), two planar air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (e) and (f), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary side magnetic core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (d), two cylindrical air gaps are formed between the primary side core 1111 and the secondary side core 1221.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged axially opposite to each other, the rotation axis B is parallel to the lateral sides of the L-shaped cross sections of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates around the rotation axis B, as shown in fig. 7 (c), two cylindrical air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (d), two planar air gaps are formed between the primary side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary side magnetic core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (e) and (f), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary magnetic core 1111 and the secondary magnetic core 1221.

(4) As shown in fig. 7 (g) to (j), the core cross section on the rotating/stationary side is an L-shaped + C-shaped combination.

Here, as shown in fig. 7 (g) and (h), the cross section of the primary side core 1111 is L-shaped, and the cross section of the secondary side core 1221 is C-shaped. As shown in fig. 7 (g), in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, both lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are positioned at intervals on the right side of the vertical side and the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary-side magnetic core 1111, respectively. As shown in fig. 7 (h), in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a, one lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is located above and spaced from the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary-side magnetic core 1111; the other lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 is located on the right side of the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the primary-side magnetic core 1111 in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a at intervals.

As shown in (i) and (j) of fig. 7, the primary side core 1111 has a C-shaped cross section, and the secondary side core 1221 has an L-shaped cross section. As shown in fig. 7 (i), in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, both lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111 are located at a distance to the left of the vertical side and the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221, respectively. As shown in fig. 7 (j), in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a, one lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111 is located above and spaced from the vertical side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221; the other lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111 is located to the left of the lateral side of the L-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221 in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a and spaced apart therefrom.

When the primary side core 1111 and the secondary side core 1221 are arranged to be opposed to each other in the radial direction, the rotation axis a is parallel to the vertical sides of the L-shaped cross section and the C-shaped cross section of the two cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates around the rotation axis a, as shown in fig. 7 (h) and (j), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (g) and (i), two cylindrical air gaps are formed between the primary side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary side magnetic core 1221.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged to be axially opposed, the rotation axis B is parallel to the lateral sides of the L-shaped cross section and the C-shaped cross section of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis B, as shown in (g) and (i) of fig. 7, two planar air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (h) and (j), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary side core 1111 and the secondary side core 1221.

(5) As shown in (k) to (q) of fig. 7, the core cross section on the rotating/stationary side is an L-shaped + I-shaped combination.

Here, as shown in fig. 7 (k) to (m), the cross section of the primary side core 1111 is I-shaped, and the cross section of the secondary side core 1221 is C-shaped. As shown in fig. 7 (k), the vertical side of the primary-side magnetic core 1111 is positioned and spaced apart from the two lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a. As shown in fig. 7 (l), in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the vertical sides of the primary-side magnetic core 1111 are positioned to the left of the two lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 and spaced apart from each other. As shown in fig. 7 (m), in a direction parallel to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the primary-side magnetic core 1111 is located above and spaced from the lower lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221; in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the primary side core 1111 is located at the left side of the upper lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the secondary side core 1221 and is spaced apart therefrom.

As shown in fig. 7 (n) to (q), the primary side core 1111 has a C-shaped cross section, and the secondary side core 1221 has an I-shaped cross section. As shown in fig. 7 (n), the vertical side of the secondary magnetic core 1221 is positioned between and spaced from the two lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the primary magnetic core 1111 in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a. As shown in fig. 7 (p), in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the vertical sides of the secondary magnetic core 1221 are spaced apart from and positioned to the right of both lateral sides of the C-shaped cross section of the primary magnetic core 1111. As shown in fig. 7 (q), in the direction parallel to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the secondary side core 1221 is located above and spaced from the lower lateral side of the C-shaped cross section of the primary side core 1111; in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis a, the vertical side of the secondary core 1221 is located on the right side of the upper horizontal side of the C-shaped cross section of the primary core 1111 and is disposed at an interval.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged diametrically opposite to each other, the rotation axis a is parallel to the vertical sides of the I-shaped cross section and the C-shaped cross section of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates around the rotation axis a, as shown in fig. 7 (l) and (p), a cylindrical air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (m) and (q), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (k) and (n), two planar air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221.

When the primary-side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary-side magnetic core 1221 are arranged axially opposite to each other, the rotation axis B is parallel to the lateral sides of the I-shaped cross section and the C-shaped cross section of the two magnetic cores. At this time, when the secondary core 1221 rotates circumferentially with respect to the primary core 1111, that is, when the secondary core 1221 rotates about the rotation axis B, as shown in (k) and (n) of fig. 7, two cylindrical air gaps are formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (m) and (q), a cylindrical air gap + a planar air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 (l) and (p), a planar air gap is formed between the primary core 1111 and the secondary core 1221.

(6) In the above five types (1) to (5), the two-part magnetic cores constituting the contactless wireless exciting transformer 10 may be selected such that one magnetic core is used as a rotating side and the other magnetic core is used as a fixed side.

In the above six types (1) to (6), the planar air gap formed between the primary side magnetic core 1111 and the secondary side magnetic core 1221 is distributed on one or more planes perpendicular to the rotation axis of the primary and secondary side structures; the cylindrical air gap formed between the primary magnetic core 1111 and the secondary magnetic core 1221 is distributed over one or more cylindrical surfaces surrounding the axis of rotation of the primary and secondary structures.

The core cross section (C-shaped, L-shaped, I-shaped core cross section) of the rotating side or the fixed side of the above-described wireless exciting transformer 10 is formed by sectioning using a sectioning plane parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary-side core 1221 by way of example. That is, the primary plane is parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary magnetic core 1221, and the secondary plane (e.g., the C plane shown in fig. 8 (a)) is parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary magnetic core 1221 (e.g., the broken line a shown in fig. 8 (a)).

However, the method of forming the C-shaped, L-shaped, and I-shaped core cross-sections in the present application is not limited to the method of cutting the corresponding cores through the cutting plane parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary core 1221, and the cutting method capable of forming the C-shaped, L-shaped, and I-shaped core cross-sections is within the scope of the present application.

For example, in some possible embodiments, the cut plane is disposed at an acute angle to the rotation axis of the secondary-side magnetic core 1221. That is, the primary plane is disposed at an acute angle to the rotational axis of the annular secondary magnetic core 1221. The sub-edge plane (C-plane as shown in fig. 8 (b)) is disposed at an acute angle to the rotation axis of the annular sub-edge core 1221.

Alternatively, in some possible embodiments, the sectional plane (primary plane or secondary plane) is stepped (as shown in fig. 8 (c)) or curved (as shown in fig. 8 (d)), or irregularly curved, etc. When the section planes of the respective cores cut by these section planes are projected to a plane parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary core 1221, the core cross sections on the rotating side or the fixed side of the wireless exciting transformer 10 still maintain the above five types (1) to (5).

In some possible embodiments, the shape of the core cross section described in any of the above embodiments (C-shaped, L-shaped, I-shaped core cross section) may be divided into any two or more parts based on the cross section, but when the core cross section is projected to a plane parallel to the rotation axis of the annular secondary core 1221 after being assembled again, the core cross section on the rotation side or the fixed side of the wireless excitation transformer 10 still maintains the above five types (1) to (5). For example, referring to fig. 9, (a) of fig. 9 shows that the cross section of the sub-core 1221 has a C-shape, that is, the cross section of the segment core of the sub-core 1221 has a C-shape, and the cross section of the segment core is formed by dividing the cross section of the segment core twice and assembling again. For example, (b) in fig. 9 shows that the C-shaped cross section is divided twice into the I-shaped sub-core 12211 and the L-shaped sub-core 12211. Fig. 9 (C) shows that the C-shaped cross section is subdivided into three I-shaped sub-cores 12211. Fig. 9 (d) shows that the C-shaped cross section is divided twice into two L-shaped sub-cores 12211.

The present application further provides a vehicle comprising: a motor as described in any of the above embodiments. Exemplarily, the vehicle of this application is new energy automobile.

In conclusion, the magnetic core of the fixed side or the rotating side of the wireless excitation transformer carries out sectional treatment, and after the magnetic core of the fixed side or the rotating side adopts a block structure, the internal stress of the magnetic core in the using process can be effectively reduced, and the reliability of contactless power transmission is improved. Simultaneously, behind the magnetic core piecemeal, promoted the manufacturability of magnetic core, promote the manufacturability of wire winding in the magnetic core.

Claims (18)

1. A transformer, comprising a primary structure and a secondary structure, wherein during a transformation process of the transformer, either one of the primary structure and the secondary structure can rotate relative to the other in a circumferential direction, or the primary structure and the secondary structure can respectively rotate in the circumferential direction, and the circumferential direction surrounds a rotation axis of the transformer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the primary side structure comprises an annular primary side magnetic core and a primary side winding distributed relative to the annular primary side magnetic core;

the secondary side structure comprises an annular secondary side magnetic core and a secondary side winding distributed opposite to the annular secondary side magnetic core;

at least one of the annular primary-side magnetic core and the annular secondary-side magnetic core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction.

2. The transformer according to claim 1, wherein the primary structure and the secondary structure are disposed opposite each other in an axial direction or a radial direction, wherein the axial direction is parallel to the axis of rotation of the transformer and the radial direction is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

3. The transformer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the annular secondary core is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction, and the annular secondary core is mounted in a sleeve and radially abuts against a wall of the sleeve, the radial direction being perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

4. The transformer of claim 3, wherein the sleeves comprise a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the first sleeve being disposed around the second sleeve and opposing each other in the radial direction; the second sleeve is arranged around the annular secondary side magnetic core and is abutted along the radial direction; the thermal expansion coefficient of the first sleeve is larger than that of the secondary magnetic core, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the second sleeve is equal to that of the secondary magnetic core.

5. The transformer of claim 4, wherein the first sleeve is an aluminum sleeve and the second sleeve-style steel sleeve.

6. The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a surface of the annular primary magnetic core and/or the annular secondary magnetic core is coated with a plastic material.

7. The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the primary cross-section of the toroidal primary core is shaped as any one of: a C-shape, an L-shape, and an I-shape, the primary side cross-section being a section formed by taking the annular primary side magnetic core using a primary side plane that is not perpendicular to a rotation axis of the transformer.

8. The transformer of claim 7, wherein the primary plane is parallel to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

9. The transformer of claim 7, wherein the primary plane is disposed at an acute angle to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

10. The transformer of claim 7, wherein the primary side plane is stepped or curved.

11. The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the secondary cross-section of the annular secondary core is shaped as any one of: a C-shape, an L-shape, an I-shape, the secondary cross-section being a section formed by taking the annular secondary core using a secondary plane that is not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

12. The transformer of claim 11, wherein the secondary side plane is parallel to an axis of rotation of the transformer.

13. The transformer of claim 11, wherein the secondary side plane is disposed at an acute angle to the axis of rotation of the transformer.

14. The transformer of claim 11, wherein the secondary side plane is stepped or curved.

15. An electric machine, comprising:

the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a rotor;

the transformer of any one of claims 1 to 13, said secondary structure being fixedly secured to said shaft and electrically connected to said rotor, said transformer having an axis of rotation that is substantially the same as the axis of said shaft, said primary structure being rotatably mounted to said shaft in said circumferential direction relative to said shaft.

16. The electric machine of claim 15 wherein the electric machine is an electrically excited machine.

17. An electric machine, comprising:

the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a rotor;

the transformer of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said primary structure is fixedly secured to said shaft and electrically connected to said rotor, said transformer having an axis of rotation that is substantially the same as the axis of said shaft, said secondary structure being rotatably mounted to said shaft in said circumferential direction relative to said shaft.

18. A vehicle, characterized by comprising an electric machine according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

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