CN217061451U - Nuclear reactor based on liquid metal - Google Patents
Nuclear reactor based on liquid metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN217061451U CN217061451U CN202220551255.7U CN202220551255U CN217061451U CN 217061451 U CN217061451 U CN 217061451U CN 202220551255 U CN202220551255 U CN 202220551255U CN 217061451 U CN217061451 U CN 217061451U
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- Prior art keywords
- steam
- return circuit
- liquid metal
- reactor
- steam generator
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- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000799 K alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a nuclear reactor based on liquid metal, including reactor, steam generator, steam turbine and steam liquefaction room, steam turbine export and steam liquefaction room intercommunication are equipped with first return circuit between reactor and the steam generator, and the intussuseption of first return circuit is filled with liquid metal, is equipped with the second return circuit between steam generator and the steam turbine, and the second return circuit is used for absorbing the heat of the interior liquid metal of first return circuit and drives the steam turbine effect, is equipped with the third return circuit in the steam liquefaction room, and the third return circuit is used for cooling off the steam in the liquefaction steam liquefaction room. The utility model discloses the intussuseption of first return circuit is filled with liquid metal, and liquid metal has high thermal conductivity and wide warm area attribute, need not the pressurization and can guarantee reactor exit temperature, and first return circuit can keep the low pressure state operation, helps simplifying the reactor structure, improves the reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a reactor technical field, concretely relates to nuclear reactor based on liquid metal.
Background
Nuclear reactors, also known as nuclear reactors or reactors, are devices that can sustain a controlled, self-sustaining, chain-type nuclear fission reaction to achieve nuclear energy utilization. The nuclear reactor can generate a self-sustaining chain type nuclear fission process in the nuclear reactor without adding a neutron source by reasonably arranging nuclear fuel.
The existing nuclear reactor generally adopts water as a reactor coolant, the coolant needs to be pressurized in order to increase the boiling point of water and increase the heat absorption capacity, the design requirement of a system pipeline is increased by overhigh pressure, and safety accidents are easily caused. At the same time, the pressure also limits the boiling point of the coolant, resulting in lower temperature of the output heat, which affects efficiency.
Therefore, there is a great need to develop a new nuclear reactor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a nuclear reactor based on liquid metal to solve the nuclear reactor among the prior art and adopted water as the reactor coolant, too high pressure has increased system's pipeline design requirement, and easily lead to the incident, also restricted the boiling point of coolant, lead to the output heat temperature lower, influenced the technical problem of efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
the utility model provides a nuclear reactor based on liquid metal, includes reactor, steam generator, steam turbine and steam liquefaction room, the steam turbine export with steam liquefaction room intercommunication, the reactor with be equipped with first return circuit between the steam generator, first return circuit intussuseption is filled with liquid metal, steam generator with be equipped with the second return circuit between the steam turbine, the second return circuit is used for absorbing the heat of liquid metal in the first return circuit and drive the steam turbine effect, be equipped with the third return circuit in the steam liquefaction room, the third return circuit is used for cooling liquefaction steam in the steam liquefaction room, first return circuit includes:
the first pipeline is connected with the outlet of the reactor and the heat source inlet of the steam generator;
the second pipeline is connected with the heat source outlet of the steam generator and the inlet of the reactor;
and the coolant pump is arranged on the second pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses the intussuseption of first return circuit is filled with liquid metal, adopts liquid metal as the coolant, and liquid metal has high thermal conductivity and 0 ~ 2200 ℃ wide warm area's unique attribute, consequently need not the pressurization and can realize that reactor exit temperature reaches 400 ~ 500 ℃ of height, and first return circuit can keep low pressure state operation, helps simplifying the reactor structure, improves the reliability, avoids adopting the defect that the water leads to as the reactor coolant among the prior art.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do as follows the improvement:
further, the second circuit includes:
the pipeline III is connected with the outlet of the steam liquefaction chamber and the cold source inlet of the steam generator;
the fourth pipeline is connected with the cold source outlet of the steam generator and the inlet of the steam turbine;
and the condensation pump is arranged on the fourth pipeline.
By adopting the scheme, the third pipeline guides the condensed water generated by condensing the steam in the steam generator into the steam generator, the condensed water exchanges heat with the liquid metal in the steam generator, the condensed water absorbs heat to generate steam and enters the steam turbine through the fourth pipeline to drive the steam turbine to work and generate power, and the exhausted steam after doing work enters the steam liquefying chamber to form circulation.
Further, the third circuit includes:
the first heat exchange tube is arranged in the vapor liquefaction chamber;
the first circulating pipe is arranged between two ends of the first heat exchange pipe and a cooling water source;
the first circulating pump is arranged on the first circulating pipe.
By adopting the scheme, the first circulating pump continuously guides the cooling water source into the first heat exchange tube in the steam liquefying chamber, and the cooling water exchanges heat with the exhausted steam after work in the first heat exchange tube and returns to the cooling water source to fully absorb the waste heat of the system.
Further, still be equipped with the fourth return circuit in the steam generator, the fourth return circuit includes:
the heat exchange tube II is arranged in the steam liquefying chamber;
the heat dissipation chamber is arranged beside the steam generator, and the top of the heat dissipation chamber is provided with an opening;
the second circulating pipe is arranged between the two ends of the second heat exchange pipe and the heat dissipation chamber;
the circulating pump II is arranged on the circulating pipe II;
and liquid metal is filled in the heat dissipation chamber, the heat exchange tube II and the circulating tube II.
By adopting the scheme, the fourth loop filled with the liquid metal is additionally arranged, so that the waste heat absorption rate is improved, the cooling efficiency of the reactor is increased, and the external radiation of the nuclear reactor is reduced.
Further, the liquid metal is gallium, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, sodium-potassium alloy or mercury which is liquid at normal temperature.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in the figure:
1. a reactor;
2. a steam generator;
3. a steam turbine;
4. a vapor liquefaction chamber;
5. a first circuit; 501. a first pipeline; 502. a second pipeline; 503. a coolant pump;
6. a second loop; 601. a third pipeline; 602. a fourth pipeline; 603. a condensate pump;
7. a third circuit; 701. a first heat exchange tube; 702. a first circulating pipe; 703. a first circulating pump;
8. a fourth loop; 801. a second heat exchange tube; 802. a heat dissipation chamber; 803. a second circulating pipe; 804. and a second circulating pump.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1, the nuclear reactor 1 based on liquid metal provided by the present embodiment includes a reactor 1, a steam generator 2, a steam turbine 3, and a steam liquefaction chamber 4, wherein an outlet of the steam turbine 3 is communicated with the steam liquefaction chamber 4.
Be equipped with first return circuit 5 between reactor 1 and steam generator 2, the intussuseption of first return circuit 5 is filled with liquid metal, is equipped with second return circuit 6 between steam generator 2 and the steam turbine 3, and second return circuit 6 is used for absorbing the heat of liquid metal in the first return circuit 5 and drives the effect of steam turbine 3, is equipped with third return circuit 7 in the steam liquefaction room 4, and third return circuit 7 is used for cooling the steam in the liquefaction steam liquefaction room 4.
Specifically, the first circuit 5 comprises a first conduit 501, a second conduit 502 and a coolant pump 503. The first pipeline 501 is connected with the outlet of the reactor 1 and the heat source inlet of the steam generator 2; a second pipeline 502 is connected with the heat source outlet of the steam generator 2 and the inlet of the reactor 1; a coolant pump 503 is provided on the conduit two 502.
In this embodiment, the first loop 5 is filled with liquid metal, the liquid metal is used as a coolant, and the liquid metal has high heat conductivity and unique properties of a wide temperature range of 0 to 2200 ℃, so that the outlet temperature of the reactor 1 can reach 400 to 500 ℃ without pressurization, the first loop 5 can be operated in a low-pressure state, the structure of the reactor 1 can be simplified, the reliability is improved, and the defect caused by the fact that water is used as the coolant of the reactor 1 in the prior art is avoided.
The second circuit 6 comprises a conduit three 601, a conduit four 602 and a condensate pump 603. The third pipeline 601 is connected with the outlet of the steam liquefying chamber 4 and the cold source inlet of the steam generator 2; the fourth pipeline 602 is connected with the cold source outlet of the steam generator 2 and the inlet of the steam turbine 3; a condensate pump 603 is provided on the fourth conduit.
The third pipeline 601 guides condensed water generated by condensing steam in the steam generator 2 into the steam generator 2, the condensed water exchanges heat with liquid metal in the steam generator 2, the condensed water absorbs heat to generate steam and enters the steam turbine 3 through the fourth pipeline 602 to drive the steam turbine 3 to work and generate power, and exhausted steam after doing work enters the steam liquefying chamber 4 to form circulation.
The third circuit 7 includes a first heat exchange pipe 701, a first circulation pipe 702, and a first circulation pump 703. The first heat exchange pipe 701 is arranged in the steam liquefaction chamber 4; the first circulating pipe 702 is arranged between two ends of the first heat exchange pipe 701 and a cooling water source; the first circulation pump 703 is disposed on the first circulation pipe 702.
The first circulation pump 703 continuously guides the cooling water source into the first heat exchange tube 701 in the steam liquefaction chamber 4, and the cooling water exchanges heat with the spent steam after operation in the first heat exchange tube 701 and returns to the cooling water source, so as to fully absorb the waste heat of the system.
In the present embodiment, a fourth circuit 8 is further disposed in the steam generator 2, and the fourth circuit 8 includes a second heat exchange tube 801, a second heat dissipation chamber 802, a second circulation tube 803, and a second circulation pump 804.
The second heat exchange pipe 801 is arranged in the steam liquefying chamber 4; the heat dissipation chamber 802 is arranged beside the steam generator 2, and the top of the heat dissipation chamber is opened; the second circulating pipe 803 is arranged between the two ends of the second heat exchange pipe 801 and the heat dissipation chamber 802; the second circulating pump 804 is arranged on the second circulating pipe 803;
liquid metal is filled in the heat dissipation chamber 802, the second heat exchange tube 801 and the second circulating tube 803.
The fourth loop 8 filled with liquid metal is additionally arranged, so that the waste heat absorption rate is improved, the cooling efficiency of the reactor 1 is increased, and the external radiation of the reactor 1 is reduced.
In this embodiment, the liquid metal filled in the first loop 5 and the fourth loop 8 is a gallium-indium alloy which is liquid at normal temperature, and gallium, a gallium-indium-tin alloy, a sodium-potassium alloy, or mercury may be used.
In the embodiment, the liquid metal is used as the coolant in the first loop 5, the outlet temperature of the reactor 1 can reach 400-500 ℃ without pressurization, the first loop 5 can be operated in a low-pressure state, the structure of the reactor 1 is simplified, the reliability is improved, and the defect caused by the fact that water is used as the coolant of the reactor 1 in the prior art is avoided.
In this embodiment, the fourth loop 8 is additionally provided, and liquid metal is used as a heat exchanger of the fourth loop 8, which can effectively increase the absorption speed of the system waste heat, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the reactor 1 and reducing the external radiation of the reactor 1.
In the description of the present invention, a number of specific details are described. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a nuclear reactor based on liquid metal, its characterized in that, includes reactor, steam generator, steam turbine and steam liquefaction room, the steam turbine export with steam liquefaction room intercommunication, the reactor with be equipped with first return circuit between the steam generator, first return circuit intussuseption is filled with liquid metal, steam generator with be equipped with the second return circuit between the steam turbine, the second return circuit is used for absorbing the heat of liquid metal in the first return circuit and drives the steam turbine effect, be equipped with the third return circuit in the steam liquefaction room, the third return circuit is used for cooling liquefaction steam in the steam liquefaction room, first return circuit includes:
the first pipeline is connected with the outlet of the reactor and the heat source inlet of the steam generator;
the second pipeline is connected with the heat source outlet of the steam generator and the inlet of the reactor;
and the coolant pump is arranged on the second pipeline.
2. The nuclear reactor of claim 1, wherein the second circuit comprises:
the pipeline III is connected with the outlet of the steam liquefaction chamber and the cold source inlet of the steam generator;
the fourth pipeline is connected with the cold source outlet of the steam generator and the inlet of the steam turbine;
and the condensation pump is arranged on the fourth pipeline.
3. The nuclear reactor of claim 1, wherein the third circuit comprises:
the first heat exchange tube is arranged in the vapor liquefaction chamber;
the first circulating pipe is arranged between two ends of the first heat exchange pipe and a cooling water source;
the first circulating pump is arranged on the first circulating pipe.
4. The nuclear reactor of claim 1, further comprising a fourth circuit disposed within the steam generator, the fourth circuit comprising:
the heat exchange tube II is arranged in the steam liquefying chamber;
the heat dissipation chamber is arranged beside the steam generator, and the top of the heat dissipation chamber is provided with an opening;
the second circulating pipe is arranged between the two ends of the second heat exchange pipe and the heat dissipation chamber;
the circulating pump II is arranged on the circulating pipe II;
and liquid metal is filled in the heat dissipation chamber, the heat exchange tube II and the circulating tube II.
5. The nuclear reactor of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid metal is gallium, gallium indium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, sodium potassium alloy, or mercury, which is liquid at normal temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220551255.7U CN217061451U (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Nuclear reactor based on liquid metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220551255.7U CN217061451U (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Nuclear reactor based on liquid metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217061451U true CN217061451U (en) | 2022-07-26 |
Family
ID=82488389
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220551255.7U Active CN217061451U (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Nuclear reactor based on liquid metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217061451U (en) |
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- 2022-03-14 CN CN202220551255.7U patent/CN217061451U/en active Active
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240904 Address after: 215300 floors 2 and 3, room 8, No. 232, Yuanfeng Road, Yushan Town, Kunshan City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Space liquid metal technology development (Jiangsu) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 215300 3rd floor, R & D building, No. 1699, Zuchongzhi South Road, Yushan Town, Kunshan City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Space liquid gold technology research (Kunshan) Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |