CN217059880U - Brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device - Google Patents
Brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN217059880U CN217059880U CN202123250923.7U CN202123250923U CN217059880U CN 217059880 U CN217059880 U CN 217059880U CN 202123250923 U CN202123250923 U CN 202123250923U CN 217059880 U CN217059880 U CN 217059880U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device, including the arc platform, still include platform and lateral wall, the platform is tangent to connect in the bottom of arc platform, the lateral wall is located the same side of arc platform and platform, install the bearing on the lateral wall, install the pivot in the bearing, the pivot is located the intersection line top of arc platform and platform, be equipped with the angle measuring mechanism that is used for measuring the granule turned angle that awaits measuring and be used for moving the granule that awaits measuring along the cambered surface of arc platform and the granule fender piece that releases respectively in the pivot; also discloses a measuring method of the rolling friction coefficient of the brittle particles, which adopts a measuring device of the rolling friction coefficient of the brittle particles to measure. The utility model discloses a device will have the vertical plateau replacement of difference in height originally for the platform, and the granule that awaits measuring need not throw out, has reduced the fragile granule and has taken place broken risk, can obtain sufficient measured data, improves the precision when measuring.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to rolling friction coefficient measures the field, concretely relates to brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device.
Background
The granular medium is a material configuration which is common in human production life, the discrete characteristic of the granular medium causes the granular medium to show unique properties different from general solid, liquid and gas, but the knowledge of the granular material is far from mature, and the discrete unit method is proved to be a reliable and effective tool to characterize the properties of granular bulk materials. The micro-mechanical properties of the particles affect the macroscopic properties of the particle stream. Therefore, it is very important to calibrate the contact parameters input into the EDEM through precise experiments, and the method has an essential influence on precise macro parameters expressing the materials and equipment thereof in subsequent researches on earthwork machinery and the like.
The rolling friction coefficient is an important contact parameter in EDEM simulation, directly influences the precision and the result of the simulation, and the selection of the rolling friction has great significance for the detection and evaluation of material piles. For the determination of the rolling friction coefficient, no exact measuring device and measuring method exist at present, and the rolling friction coefficient is mostly calibrated through virtual measurement. The rolling friction coefficient reversely deduced by a variable method is controlled through virtual measurement, and large errors exist due to continuous change of all parameters. The existing particle measuring device finds a device for measuring a rolling friction coefficient, which is disclosed by patent number 201621411240.1, and comprises a vertical surface high platform, an arc-shaped inclined platform and a stone plate, wherein the vertical surface high platform is a square body, four side surfaces are vertical surfaces, and the top end of the vertical surface high platform is provided with the arc-shaped inclined platform; the bottom end of the arc-shaped inclined table is connected with one side surface of the vertical surface high table, and a horizontal stone plate is arranged at the bottom of the side surface; wet paper towels are paved on the stone plates. The utility model is provided with the clamping device on the arc-shaped sloping platform, which is convenient for measuring the angle and the height of the initial rolling position of the experimental small ball, and leads the measured data to be more accurate; the arc-shaped sloping table is arranged on the vertical surface elevation table, so that a height difference is formed between the bottom end of the arc-shaped sloping table and the stone plate, and the horizontal throwing-out kinetic energy of the experimental pellets can be conveniently calculated. The device is used for measuring hard particles (such as stone particles) without problems, but when brittle particles (such as soil particles) are measured, particle breakage is easy to occur after throwing, sufficient measurement data cannot be obtained, and the measurement accuracy is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at solving the technical problem, provide a brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device, the utility model discloses the device has reduced and has thrown the setting, has reduced brittle particle and has taken place broken risk, then can improve the precision when measuring.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
the utility model provides a brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device, includes the arc platform, still includes platform and lateral wall, the tangent bottom that connects at the arc platform of platform, the same side of arc platform and platform is located to the lateral wall, install the bearing on the lateral wall, install the pivot in the bearing, the pivot is located the handing-over line top of arc platform and platform, be equipped with the angle measurement mechanism who is used for measuring the granule turned angle that awaits measuring in the pivot respectively and be used for keeping off the granule that awaits measuring the granule and remove and release along the cambered surface of arc platform.
As a further technical scheme, the particle blocking piece comprises a lifting rod and a particle baffle, the lifting rod movably penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating shaft, and a limiting rod is arranged at the upper end of the lifting rod, so that the lifting rod is clamped on the upper surface of the rotating shaft and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft; the upper surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting seat for placing a limiting rod; the granule baffle is established at the lower extreme of lift bar, when the lift bar card was in the upper surface of pivot, the granule baffle with the interval of cambered surface is less than the diameter of the granule that awaits measuring.
As a further technical scheme, the angle measuring mechanism comprises an angle plate and an angle indicating needle, wherein the angle plate is arranged on the side wall by taking the bearing as the circle center; one end of the angle indicating needle is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft; the other end of the angle pointer points to the angle degree on the angle plate.
As a further technical solution, when the lifting rod is naturally vertically placed, the angle indicating needle points to 0 ° on the angle plate.
As a further technical scheme, the arc surface angle of the arc-shaped table is not more than 90 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the device of the utility model replaces the original vertical plateau with the height difference with the platform, the particles to be measured do not need to be thrown out, the risk of breaking the brittle particles is reduced, enough measurement data can be obtained, and the measurement precision is improved; moreover, the utility model discloses can be used to measure stereoplasm granule and fragile granule (like soil particle), the range of application is wider.
2. The utility model designs a particle stopper and an angle measuring mechanism to synchronously rotate, when a lifting rod rotates by taking a rotating shaft as a circle center to drive particles to be measured to move along the cambered surface of an arc-shaped table, an angle indicator needle and the rotating shaft synchronously rotate, and the included angle theta degree between the initial position of the particles to be measured and a vertical surface can be directly read; when the granule that awaits measuring reachs when setting for the angle, the lifter is upwards mentioned and can be realized that the granule that awaits measuring does not have the initial velocity and rolls to the platform along the cambered surface, realizes then that roll and angular surveying go on in step, has reduced the separately loaded down with trivial details operation of measuring the angle of experimenter to granule and angle pointer synchronous movement await measuring, measure more accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for measuring rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the measurement data of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-arc table, 2-platform, 3-side wall, 4-bearing, 5-rotating shaft, 6-lifting rod, 7-particle baffle, 8-limiting rod, 9-limiting seat, 10-angle plate, 11-angle pointer and 12-particle to be detected.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope of the examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device, including arc platform 1, the cambered surface angle of arc platform 1 is 90, still include platform 2 and lateral wall 3, platform 2 is tangent to connect in the bottom of arc platform 1, lateral wall 3 locates the same side of arc platform 1 and platform 2, install bearing 4 on the lateral wall 3, install pivot 5 in the bearing 4, pivot 5 is located the handing-over line of arc platform 1 and platform 2 above, be equipped with the angle measuring mechanism who is used for measuring the granule turned angle that awaits measuring on the pivot 5 respectively and be used for keeping off the piece with the granule that awaits measuring granule 12 removes and releases along the cambered surface of arc platform 1. The particle stopper comprises a lifting rod 6 and a particle baffle 7; the lifting rod 6 movably penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating shaft 5, so that the vertical free movement can be realized; the upper end of the lifting rod 6 is provided with a limiting rod 8, so that the lifting rod 6 is limited and clamped on the upper surface of the rotating shaft 5 and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft 5; the upper surface of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a limiting seat 9 for placing a limiting rod 8, the limiting seat 9 is of a V-shaped structure and is fixed on the upper surface of the rotating shaft 5, and the limiting rod 8 is placed between the V-shaped structures to realize front and back limiting; the particle baffle 7 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod 6, the particle baffle 7 is of a strip plate structure, forms an L shape with the lifting rod 6 and can rotate together with the lifting rod 6; when the lifting rod 6 is clamped on the upper surface of the rotating shaft 5, the distance between the particle baffle 7 and the cambered surface is smaller than the diameter of the particles 12 to be detected, so that the shielding of the particles 12 to be detected can be realized, and then the particles 12 to be detected can be pushed to the set height of the cambered surface by the particle baffle 7.
An angle measuring mechanism is arranged on the side wall 3 and comprises an angle plate 10 and an angle indicating needle 11, the angle plate 10 is arranged on the side wall 3 by taking the bearing 4 as a circle center, the angle plate 10 is in a fan-shaped structure and is positioned at the right lower angle of the bearing 4, and one end of the angle indicating needle 11 is fixed on the rotating shaft 5 and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft 5; the angle number on the other end directional angle board 10 of angle indicator 11, lift bar 6 is 90 with 11 contained angles of angle indicator in this embodiment, when lift bar 6 is vertical to be placed naturally, 0 on 11 horizontal directional angle boards 10 of angle indicator, when lift bar 6 begins to rotate, the reading after 11 synchronous rotations of angle indicator is the turned angle of lift bar 6 promptly, is the initial position of the granule 12 that awaits measuring again and the contained angle theta of vertical face.
The device of the utility model is operated as follows:
1. during initial state, lifting rod 6 is unsettled the card on pivot 5 through gag lever post 8, and is the vertical placement of nature, and the 11 level of angle pointer at this moment points to 0 on the angle board 10.
2. Placing the particles 12 to be detected behind the particle baffle 7;
3. rotating the lifting rod 6, synchronously rotating the particle baffle 7 to push the particles 12 to be measured to the arc surface of the arc-shaped table 1, and synchronously reading the reading of the angle indicator 11, namely the angle of the included angle theta between the initial position of the particles 12 to be measured and the vertical surface;
4. the lifting rod 6 is lifted upwards, the particle baffle 7 is moved away, and the particles 12 to be measured roll onto the platform 2 along the arc surface of the arc-shaped table 1 until stopping.
5. The rolling distance L of the particles 12 to be measured on the platform 2 is measured, and calculation can be performed.
A method for measuring the rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles adopts the device for measuring the rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles in the embodiment 1 to measure, and the particles 12 to be measured are placed on an arc-shaped table 1 to ensure that the particles do not roll downwards to a platform at an initial speed2 until stopping, and measuring the rolling friction resistance work Q of the particles 12 to be measured on the arc-shaped table 1 in the process 1 Linear frictional resistance work Q on the platform 2 2 And the gravitational work Q of the particles 12 to be measured, using the law of conservation of energy Q ═ Q 1 +Q 2 The rolling friction coefficient μ of the particles 12 to be measured is calculated.
Rolling friction resistance work Q 1 The measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) recording an included angle theta between the initial position of the particle 12 to be detected and the vertical surface;
(2) when the particles 12 to be measured roll downwards by a small angle beta, the positive pressure of the particles 12 to be measured on the arc-shaped table 1 is unchanged due to the very small angle, and the friction force in the process is
f＝μmgcos(θ-β) ①
(3) Distance of relative rolling of the particles 12 to be measured:
(4) the work done by rolling friction in this process is
ΔQ 1 ＝f·L 1
Namely that
From this, the rolling friction resistance work Q 1 The work done on the arc-shaped table 1 is beta at [0, theta ]]Internal integration, i.e.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
r: the radius of the arc table 1;
μ: a rolling friction coefficient;
m: the weight of the particles 12 to be measured;
g: acceleration due to gravity.
Frictional resistance work Q 2 Calculating according to a formula:
Q 2 ＝μmgL ⑤
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
μ: a rolling friction coefficient;
m: the weight of the particles 12 to be measured;
g: acceleration of gravity;
l: the rolling distance of the particles 12 to be measured on the platform 2.
The gravity work Q of the particle 12 to be measured is calculated according to the formula (i):
Q＝mgH＝mgR(1-cosθ) ⑥
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
m: the weight of the particles 12 to be measured;
g: acceleration of gravity;
h: the vertical height between the particles 12 to be measured and the platform 2;
r: the radius of the arc table 1;
θ: the initial position of the particle 12 to be measured and the vertical plane.
As a further technical means, the above rolling friction coefficient μ is obtained by changing Q to Q 1 +Q 2 The equation is obtained:
further derivation yields:
mgR(1-cosθ)＝Rμmg(1-cosθ)+μmgL，
then, μ ═ R (1-cos θ)/[ R (1-cos θ) + L ] was calculated;
r: the radius of the arc table 1;
θ: the included angle between the initial position of the particle 12 to be measured and the vertical plane;
l: the rolling distance of the particles 12 to be measured on the platform 2;
r is in accordance with the measurement unit of L.
The particle 12 to be detected is a soil particle, the included angle theta between the initial position of the particle 12 to be detected and the vertical surface is 15 degrees, and the radius R390mm of the arc-shaped table 1 is increased.
Test surface: the contact surface of the arc-shaped table 1 and the platform 2 is made of steel; the results of the resulting rolling distance L (in mm) of the soil particles on the platform 2 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Number of tests | Soil particles | Number of tests | Soil particles | Number of | Soil particles | |
| 1 | 390 | 13 | 422 | 25 | 376 | |
| 2 | 386 | 14 | 387 | 26 | 362 | |
| 3 | 445 | 15 | 436 | 27 | 384 | |
| 4 | 392 | 16 | 385 | 28 | 406 | |
| 5 | 354 | 17 | 374 | 29 | 439 | |
| 6 | 409 | 18 | 398 | 30 | 413 | |
| 7 | 388 | 19 | 398 | 31 | 401 | |
| 8 | 344 | 20 | 415 | 32 | 325 | |
| 9 | 364 | 21 | 404 | 33 | 364 | |
| 10 | 407 | 22 | 397 | 34 | 354 | |
| 11 | 378 | 23 | 424 | 35 | 383 | |
| 12 | 335 | 24 | 452 | 36 | 391 |
The average value of the measured L was finally determined to be 391.2 from data analysis. The rolling friction coefficient is solved according to the formula μ ═ R (1-cos θ)/[ R (1-cos θ) + L ], where R ═ 390 and θ ═ 15 °. The value of the rolling friction coefficient of the soil particles-steel surface was found to be 0.033.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "head", "tail", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It is also to be understood that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "coupled" are intended to be open-ended, i.e., to mean fixedly attached; can be detachably connected; or may be a point connection; may be a direct connection; may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, so as to communicate between the two elements, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations. The equipment connection mode which is not described in detail in the utility model is understood according to the conventional connection mode in the field.
The above embodiments are only specific examples for further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the scope of the present disclosure are all included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device, includes the arc platform, its characterized in that: the particle detector is characterized by further comprising a platform and a side wall, wherein the platform is in tangent connection with the bottom end of the arc-shaped platform, the side wall is arranged on the same side face of the arc-shaped platform and the platform, a bearing is installed on the side wall, a rotating shaft is installed in the bearing and is located above an intersection line of the arc-shaped platform and the platform, and an angle measuring mechanism used for measuring the rotation angle of particles to be detected and a particle blocking piece used for moving and releasing the particles to be detected along the arc surface of the arc-shaped platform are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft.
2. The measuring apparatus for rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles according to claim 1, wherein: the particle blocking piece comprises a lifting rod and a particle baffle, the lifting rod movably penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotating shaft, and a limiting rod is arranged at the upper end of the lifting rod, so that the lifting rod is clamped on the upper surface of the rotating shaft and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft; the upper surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting seat for placing a limiting rod; the granule baffle is established at the lower extreme of lift bar, when the lift bar card was in the upper surface of pivot, the granule baffle with the interval of cambered surface is less than the diameter of the granule that awaits measuring.
3. The measuring apparatus for rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles according to claim 2, wherein: the angle measuring mechanism comprises an angle plate and an angle indicating needle, and the angle plate is arranged on the side wall by taking the bearing as the circle center; one end of the angle indicating needle is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft; the other end of the angle indicator needle points to the angle degree on the angle plate.
4. A brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the lifting bar is naturally placed vertically, the angle indicator pin points to 0 ° on the angle plate.
5. The measuring apparatus for rolling friction coefficient of brittle particles according to claim 1, wherein: the arc surface angle of the arc-shaped table is not more than 90 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123250923.7U CN217059880U (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device |
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| CN202123250923.7U CN217059880U (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Brittle particle rolling friction coefficient measuring device |
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