CN217045001U - Explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact - Google Patents

Explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact Download PDF

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CN217045001U
CN217045001U CN202220728014.5U CN202220728014U CN217045001U CN 217045001 U CN217045001 U CN 217045001U CN 202220728014 U CN202220728014 U CN 202220728014U CN 217045001 U CN217045001 U CN 217045001U
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pure aluminum
plate
silver
nickel alloy
composite
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赵建新
王明科
曹常旭
罗海龙
丁旭
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Shaanxi Ruisen Metal Composite Material Co ltd
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Shaanxi Ruisen Metal Composite Material Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact explosion cladding method preparation structure, which comprises a base layer pure aluminum plate, a composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel drive plate and an explosive box with explosive are horizontally arranged on a foundation from bottom to top in sequence, and a detonator is inserted in the explosive box; a gap supporting column is arranged between the base pure aluminum plate and the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; the area of the pure aluminum plate of the base layer is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; the thickness of the base layer pure aluminum plate is larger than that of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; the area of the carbon steel driving plate is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate. The utility model discloses a quality, the great carbon steel plate of area accept the energy of explosive explosion as the drive plate, and the drive is thin, the less silver-nickel alloy of area carries out the explosion complex with great area, thicker pure aluminum base body, and the combined material faying face does not have the intermetallic compound transition zone to exist, and the interface is clean, has good electric conductive property, mechanical properties and life.

Description

Explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal welding technical field, concretely relates to explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminium contact.
Background
The silver-nickel alloy (generally, the nickel content is 5-40%) has good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, strong metal transfer resistance, arc burning loss resistance, electrical erosion resistance and the like, good wear resistance, high strength, good ductility and good cutting processing capability, so that the silver-nickel alloy serving as a contact material is widely applied to electric power elements such as switches, controllers, voltage regulators, circuit breakers and the like. Under the high-current use environment, the cathode aluminum bus needs to be connected with a silver-nickel alloy contact material, and when a mechanical connection method of crimping is adopted, larger contact resistance is generated, so that the conductivity of the element is reduced. In addition, Ag and Ni and aluminum generate brittle metal part compound phases at high temperature, so that no matter traditional fusion welding and high-energy beam (laser welding and electron beam) welding are adopted, a large amount of brittle phases are generated at a welding interface, a welding joint is cracked, the mechanical property is poor, and the method has no practical engineering use value. The explosion welding belongs to solid phase welding, the diffusion of welding interface elements is less, the melting is less, the tissue state of a base metal is not changed in the welding process, and a welding joint has excellent strength and electrical properties, so that the explosion welding is widely applied to the welding of dissimilar metals which cannot be welded by a traditional welding method and is widely applied to the fields of electric conduction and structures.
The silver-nickel alloy is expensive, so that the silver-nickel alloy is often adopted at key parts, and the commercial pure aluminum is adopted as a conductive component in the rest parts, so that the thickness and the area of the silver-nickel alloy are smaller than those of a pure aluminum base material, and therefore, the preparation of a layer composite material of a silver-nickel alloy material with a smaller area on a large aluminum base area needs to be considered. However, the traditional explosive welding method is suitable for preparing the laminated metal composite material with the same laminated layer and the same laminated layer area. Therefore, a preparation structure suitable for a small-area silver-nickel alloy and a thick and large pure aluminum layer composite material is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an explosion cladding method preparation structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact.
The utility model discloses a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact explosion cladding method preparation structure, which comprises a foundation, wherein a basic pure aluminum plate, a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel driving plate and a explosive layer are horizontally arranged on the foundation from bottom to top in sequence, and a detonator is inserted into the explosive layer;
a plurality of gap supporting columns are arranged between the base layer pure aluminum plate and the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; the area of the base layer pure aluminum plate is larger than that of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;
the thickness of the base layer pure aluminum plate is larger than that of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;
the area of the carbon steel driving plate is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board is made by explosion cladding of the base layer silver-nickel alloy board and the composite layer pure aluminum board with equal area.
As a further improvement of the utility model, a plurality of clearance supporting columns are arranged between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the compound layer pure aluminum plate, an explosive layer is placed on the compound layer pure aluminum plate, and a fiber board is arranged between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the foundation;
after the explosive in the explosive layer explodes, the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite layer pure aluminum plate form the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the surface roughness Ra of the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite layer pure aluminum plate is not more than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not more than 0.5 mm;
the fiberboard comprises two layers of fiberboards with the thickness not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the composite layer pure aluminum board is 2 mm.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the explosive in the explosive layer is ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with low detonation velocity, the detonation velocity of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with low detonation velocity is 2200m/s, and the density is 0.85g/cm 3 ；
The explosive thickness in the explosive layer is 15mm, and the explosive charging gap is 4 mm.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the silver-nickel alloy surface of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is adhered to the central position of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate;
and a transparent adhesive tape for preventing the carbon steel driving plate and the base pure aluminum plate from being welded is adhered to the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate except the position of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the thickness of the carbon steel driving plate is 2 mm.
As the utility model discloses a further improvement, it is a plurality of the clearance support column is pure aluminium clearance post, and is a plurality of the height of pure aluminium clearance post is 8 mm.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the surface roughness Ra of the base layer pure aluminum plate and the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not more than 1 μm.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the thickness of the base layer pure aluminum plate is more than 5mm, and the thickness of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm;
the area of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not more than 50mm multiplied by 500 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses a quality, the great carbon steel plate of area accept the energy of explosive explosion as the drive plate, and the drive is thin, the less silver-nickel alloy of area and great area, thick basic unit pure aluminum plate carries out the explosion recombination to combined material combination interface does not have intermetallic compound transition zone to exist, and the interface is clean, has good electric conductive property, mechanical properties and life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a driving plate method explosion cladding silver-nickel alloy-thick pure aluminum of an explosion cladding method preparation structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact disclosed by the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosive welding structure of a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate with a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact explosive cladding method preparation structure disclosed by the utility model.
In the figure:
1. a detonator; 2. a carbon steel drive plate; 3. a base layer pure aluminum plate; 4. a explosive layer; 5. a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board; 6. gap supporting columns; 7. a foundation; 8. a multi-layer pure aluminum plate; 9. a base layer silver-nickel alloy plate; 10. a fiberboard.
Detailed Description
To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact explosion cladding method preparation structure, which comprises a foundation 7, wherein a basic pure aluminum plate 3, a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5, a carbon steel driving plate 2 and an explosive layer 4 are sequentially and horizontally placed on the foundation 7 from bottom to top, and a detonator 1 is inserted into the explosive layer 4; a plurality of gap support columns 6 are arranged between the base pure aluminum plate 3 and the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; the area of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; the thickness of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; the area of the carbon steel driving plate 2 is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5.
The utility model discloses a great carbon steel board of quality, area accepts the energy of explosive explosion as the drive plate, and the drive is thinner, the less silver-nickel alloy of area carries out explosion recombination with great area, thick basic unit pure aluminum plate 3 to the combined material bonding interface does not have the intermetallic compound transition zone to exist, and the interface is clean, has good electric conductive property, mechanical properties and life.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board 5 of the present invention is made by explosion-cladding the base layer silver-nickel alloy board 9 and the composite layer pure aluminum board 8 with equal area.
Furthermore, a plurality of clearance supporting columns 6 are arranged between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the compound layer pure aluminum plate 8, the compound layer pure aluminum plate 8 is provided with an explosive layer, and a fiber plate 10 is arranged between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the foundation 7; after the explosive in the explosive layer 4 explodes, the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the composite layer pure aluminum plate 8 form the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5.
Furthermore, the surface roughness Ra of the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the multi-layer pure aluminum plate 8 of the utility model is not more than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not more than 0.5 mm; the fiberboard 10 comprises two layers of fiberboard 10 with the thickness not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the multi-layer pure aluminum plate 8 is 2 mm.
Furthermore, the explosive in the explosive layer 4 of the utility model is ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with low explosion velocity, the explosion velocity of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with low explosion velocity is 2200m/s, and the density is 0.85g/cm 3 (ii) a The explosive thickness in the explosive layer 4 is 15mm, and the explosive clearance is 4 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the silver-nickel alloy surface of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum plate 5 of the present invention is adhered to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate 2; the bottom of the carbon steel drive plate 2 is stuck with a transparent adhesive tape for preventing the carbon steel drive plate 2 and the base pure aluminum plate 3 from being welded except for the position of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5. The thickness of the carbon steel driving plate of the utility model is 2 mm.
Furthermore, the plurality of clearance support columns 6 in the utility model are all pure aluminum clearance columns, and the height of the plurality of pure aluminum clearance columns is 8 mm; the surface roughness Ra of the base layer pure aluminum plate 3 and the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is not more than 1 μm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the base pure aluminum plate 3 in the utility model is larger than 5mm, and the thickness of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm; the area of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not more than 50mm multiplied by 500 mm.
Further, the utility model discloses a two-step method explosion composite technology carries out the equal area explosion composite of 2mm double-layer pure aluminum plate 8 and basic unit silver-nickel alloy board 9 earlier, and the kinetic energy after the explosion of the explosive is absorbed as the drive plate to reuse 2mm mild steel board, carries out explosion welding with welding double-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board 5 as double-layer and big basic unit pure aluminum plate 3 to accomplish the preparation of part silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite material; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, polishing an oxide layer on the surface of a base layer silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and a multilayer pure aluminum plate 8 with the thickness of 2mm by using a No. 120 fiber wheel to enable metal to be smooth, wherein the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 1 mu m, and the unevenness is less than or equal to 0.5 mm;
step 2, adopting low-detonation-velocity anfo explosives, wherein the detonation velocity of the anfo explosives is 2200m/s, the density of the anfo explosives is 0.85g/cm3, the charging thickness of the anfo explosives is 15mm, and the gap of the anfo explosives is 4 mm; taking a composite pure aluminum plate 8 with the thickness of 2mm as a composite layer, a base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 as a base layer, and two fiber plates 10 with the thickness of 10mm as backing plates for placing the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9, and placing the backing plates on a flat sandy soil foundation (as shown in figure 2) for explosive cladding;
and 3, using the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board compositely processed in the step 2 as a composite layer, and adhering the silver-nickel alloy surface of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board 5 to the center of the carbon steel drive board 2 with the thickness of 2mm by using epoxy resin glue. Sticking a transparent adhesive tape on the carbon steel driving plate 2 except the position of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 to prevent the carbon steel driving plate 2 and the base pure aluminum plate 3 from being welded;
step 4, cleaning the surfaces of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and the base pure aluminum plate 3, completely removing surface oxide skin and pollutants, and ensuring that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 1 mu m;
step 5, a pure aluminum column is used as a gap support column 6 to support a carbon steel drive plate 2 adhered with a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5, the height of the pure aluminum column is 8mm, the distance between the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and a base pure aluminum plate 3 is kept at 6mm, and assembly and explosive cladding are carried out in an explosion field (as shown in figure 1);
and 6, reshaping, cutting and processing the composite plate after explosion compounding to finish the preparation of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by the explosion compounding method.
Example 1:
with AgNi 5 The specification of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite board 5 is 2mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 380 mm; the specification of the base layer pure aluminum plate 3 is 37mm multiplied by 380 mm;
AgNi 5 the compound layer is positioned at the central part of the base layer pure aluminum plate 3 and is compounded according to the steps;
the bonding area of the composite material after welding is 100%, the mean value (tau b) of the shear strength of the silver-nickel alloy-aluminum interface at the room temperature interface is more than 80Mpa, and the resistivity rho 20 of the interface at the room temperature is 2.25 mu omega cm.
Example 2:
with AgNi 5 The specification of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is 1.2 multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 500mm, and the specification of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is selected to be 60mm multiplied by 500 mm;
AgNi 5 The compound layer is positioned at the central part of the aluminum base layer, and compounding is carried out according to the steps;
the bonding area of the welded composite material is 100%, the mean value (τ b) of the shear strength of the room-temperature interface of the silver-nickel alloy-aluminum interface is more than 80Mpa, and the room-temperature interface resistivity ρ 20 is 2.28 μ Ω cm.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact explosion cladding method preparation structure comprises a foundation, and is characterized in that a base pure aluminum plate, a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel drive plate and a explosive layer are horizontally placed on the foundation from bottom to top in sequence, and a detonator is inserted into the explosive layer;
a plurality of gap supporting columns are arranged between the base layer pure aluminum plate and the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; the area of the base layer pure aluminum plate is larger than that of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;
the thickness of the base layer pure aluminum plate is larger than that of the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;
the area of the carbon steel driving plate is larger than that of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the clad silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is made by explosion cladding a base silver-nickel alloy plate and a clad pure aluminum plate with equal area.
3. The structure of claim 2, wherein a plurality of gap supporting pillars are disposed between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite layer pure aluminum plate, an explosive layer is disposed on the composite layer pure aluminum plate, and a fiber plate is disposed between the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the foundation;
after the explosive in the explosive layer explodes, the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite layer pure aluminum plate form the composite layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
4. The explosion cladding method manufacturing structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact as claimed in claim 3, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the base layer silver-nickel alloy plate and the clad pure aluminum plate is not more than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not more than 0.5 mm;
the fiberboard comprises two layers of fiberboard, the thickness of the fiberboard is not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the composite layer pure aluminum plate is 2 mm.
5. The structure prepared by the explosion cladding method of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the explosive in the explosive layer is low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, the detonation velocity of the low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is 2200m/s, and the density of the low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is 0.85g/cm 3 ；
The explosive thickness in the explosive layer is 15mm, and the explosive gap is 4 mm.
6. The explosion cladding method for manufacturing a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact according to claim 1, wherein the silver-nickel alloy surface of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum plate is adhered to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate;
and a transparent adhesive tape for preventing the carbon steel drive plate and the base pure aluminum plate from being welded is adhered to the bottom of the carbon steel drive plate except the position of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.
7. The explosion cladding method manufacturing structure of an ag-ni alloy-pure aluminum contact according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the carbon steel driver plate is 2 mm.
8. The structure of claim 1 or 3, wherein the plurality of gap support columns are all pure aluminum gap columns, and the height of each of the plurality of pure aluminum gap columns is 8 mm.
9. The explosion cladding method for preparing silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact according to claim 1, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the base pure aluminum plate and the clad silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not more than 1 μm.
10. The explosion cladding method preparation structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is more than 5mm, and the thickness of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm;
the area of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not more than 50mm multiplied by 500 mm.
CN202220728014.5U 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact Active CN217045001U (en)

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CN202220728014.5U CN217045001U (en) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Explosion cladding method preparation structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact

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