CN217037080U

CN217037080U - Generator regulator with self-starting function

Info

Publication number: CN217037080U
Application number: CN202220520780.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王勤伟; 孟喜柱
Original assignee: Jiangsu Yunyi Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Yunyi Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-10
Filing date: 2022-03-10
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a generator regulator with a self-starting function, which comprises a sampling and pre-excitation control circuit and a voltage regulation control circuit connected with the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit, wherein a phase end signal of a generator is input at a P end, and pre-excitation current is provided for a rotor at a D + end through the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit; this scheme all adopts discrete components and parts, and the design is succinct, and the cost is extremely low, and is withstand voltage high, can be applied to the rectifier bridge and be the generator of ordinary pipe, can bear the high-voltage pulse that produces when ordinary pipe generator throws the load.

Description

Generator regulator with self-starting function

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile voltage regulators, in particular to a generator regulator with a self-starting function.

Background

The automobile generator regulator usually excites the generator to generate power by means of a charging indicator lamp (L terminal), an ignition enable terminal IG terminal or a communication signal (PWM signal, LIN signal), and the like, which requires connecting the generator by a specific wire harness, thereby increasing a certain cost. The problems of aging, falling, disconnection, increase of wire resistance and the like can occur in the using process of the wire harness, the generator power supply system is unstable, even the condition that the generator cannot be started normally to generate power occurs, for some engineering vehicles, heavy vehicles or vehicles with special applications, the installation position of the generator is special, so that the interface wire harness of the generator is not easy to install, or the wire harness is used in special occasions, and the external interface of the generator is not suitable for using the wire harness in consideration of the application safety. For the special generator, the whole vehicle does not provide an ignition enabling end (IG end) and a storage battery indicator lamp enabling end (L end) or other enabling ends, and external pre-excitation current cannot be provided for a generator rotor.

The problem that current regulator exists:

1. the existing regulator without the self-starting function cannot start the generator to generate power because the regulator is not connected with an external enabling end.

2. The existing regulator with the self-starting function mostly uses a special chip or a signal amplification circuit built by using an operational amplifier IC chip, and because the withstand voltage value of the chip is limited, the regulator cannot bear high-voltage pulses possibly generated on a generator (such as the high-voltage pulses generated when the generator throws a load), so that the working condition application range of the regulator is limited. In order to solve the problem of IC voltage resistance, a plurality of protective components are additionally added to the existing regulator, so that the cost of the regulator is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a generator regulator with a self-starting function, which can be started to work by utilizing the residual magnetism of a generator, adopts all discrete components, has extremely low cost, resists high-voltage pulse and has reliable performance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of the generator regulator with self-starting function of the present invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a generator regulator with self-starting function, the regulator is including sampling and pre-excitation control circuit and the pressure regulating control circuit who links to each other with sampling and pre-excitation control circuit, its characterized in that: the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit comprises resistors R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R12, R13, R14, R15, R17, R18, R19 and R20; capacitances C1, C4; a diode D4; triodes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9; one end of the resistor R18 is connected with the P end, the other end of the resistor R18 is grounded, the P end is connected with the resistor R12 and the resistor R19 through a capacitor C4, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a capacitor C4, and the anode of the diode D4 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R12, and the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the base of the triode Q5; the base electrode and the collector electrode of the triode Q9 are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q5, and the emitter electrode is grounded; the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, and the emitter is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with the B + end through a resistor R4, and the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the base of the triode Q7 through a resistor R13; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R17 through a resistor R20, and the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R5 and a B + end through a resistor R20;

the B + end is connected with the collector of a triode Q7 through a resistor R15 and a resistor R14, and the emitter of the triode Q7 is grounded; the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the B + end, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R14, the collector electrode and the base electrode of the triode Q1 are connected through the capacitor C1, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the D + end through the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R8.

Further, the voltage regulating circuit comprises diodes D1, D2 and D3, resistors R1, R2, R9, R11, R10, R16 and R21, triodes Q4 and Q8, a voltage regulator tube ZD1 and a Darlington tube Q6; the B + end is connected with a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 through a diode D2 and is grounded; the D + end is connected with the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 to be grounded through the resistor R9 and the diode D3; the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4 after voltage division, the base electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with the capacitor C6 and is grounded, the emitter electrode is connected with the voltage regulator ZD1 and is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q8, and the collector electrode is connected with the D + end through the resistor R11; the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the resistor R10 to the D + end, and the base of the triode Q8 is connected with the resistor R21 and is grounded; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q6 is connected with a capacitor C3 and the negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube ZD1, meanwhile, the base electrode is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q8, and the collector electrode is connected with a diode D1 and the F end; the capacitor C2 and the resistor R16 are connected between the terminal F and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1 in series.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the design is simple, and the cost is low. The existing self-starting regulator basically adopts a special IC chip or a signal amplification circuit built by an operational amplifier IC to realize a pre-excitation self-starting circuit, and additional protective components are added, so that the design is complex, all discrete components are adopted in the scheme, the design is simple, and the cost is extremely low.

2. The reliability is high: because the existing regulator adopts an IC design, the withstand voltage value of the IC is not high, and the regulator can only be applied to an avalanche tube generator basically and cannot be applied to a generator with a rectifier bridge of a common tube. The scheme totally adopts discrete components, has high voltage resistance, can be applied to the generator with a rectifier bridge as a common pipe, and can bear high-voltage pulse generated when the common pipe generator throws a load.

3. The adaptability is strong: the scheme can utilize residual magnetism of the generator to generate electricity to realize a self-starting function, the pre-excitation current value can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting individual components, the self-starting power generation within a specified rotating speed range can be realized by matching the generator, and the adaptability is stronger compared with the existing regulator.

4. The system universality is strong: the scheme is suitable for both a 12V storage battery system and a 24V storage battery system, and is wider in application vehicle type.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the regulator circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the regulator circuit of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a peripheral wiring diagram of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a generator regulator with a self-starting function is designed, the regulator includes a sampling and pre-excitation control circuit and a voltage regulation control circuit connected with the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit, the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit and the voltage regulation control circuit have a P end, a B + end, a D + end, an F end and an E end, the P end inputs a generator phase end signal, and a pre-excitation current is provided for a D + end rotor through the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit;

the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit comprises resistors R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R12, R13, R14, R15, R17, R18, R19 and R20; capacitances C1, C4; a diode D4; triodes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9; the P end is grounded through a resistor R18 and is connected with a resistor R12 and a resistor R19 through a capacitor C4, the cathode of a diode D4 is connected with a capacitor C4, and the anode of the diode D4 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R12, and the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the base of the triode Q5; the base electrode and the collector electrode of the triode Q9 are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q5, and the emitter electrode is grounded; the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, and the emitter is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with the B + end through a resistor R4, and the collector is connected with the base of the triode Q7 through a resistor R13; the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R17 through the resistor R20, and the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R5 and the B + end through the resistor R20;

the B + end is connected with the collector of the triode Q7 through a resistor R15 and a resistor R14, and the emitter of the triode Q7 is grounded; an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the B + end, a base of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R14, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the base of the triode Q1 through the capacitor C1, and a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the D + end through the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R8.

The voltage regulating circuit comprises diodes D1, D2 and D3, resistors R1, R2, R9, R11, R10, R16 and R21, triodes Q4 and Q8, a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 and a Darlington tube Q6; the B + terminal is connected with resistors R1 and R2 to the ground through a diode D2 to serve as a voltage regulating loop of the B + terminal. The D + end is connected with the resistors R1 and R2 to the ground through the resistor R9 and the diode D3 to serve as a voltage regulating loop of the D + end. The diodes D2 and D3 are used to prevent the D + terminal voltage regulation and the B + terminal voltage regulation from interfering with each other. The capacitor C6 is connected between the base of the transistor Q4 and the ground, and plays a role in filtering. The R1 and the R2 are connected with the base electrode of a triode Q4 after voltage division, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with a voltage regulator tube ZD1 and the base electrode of a triode Q8. Resistor R11 is connected as a collector resistor between the collector of transistor Q4 and the D + terminal. Resistor R10 is connected as a collector resistor between the collector of transistor Q8 and the D + terminal. The capacitor C3 is connected between the base of the Darlington transistor Q6 and the cathode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1, and can adjust the switching characteristic of the triode Q8. The resistor R21 is connected between the base of the transistor Q8 and the ground, and can accelerate the discharge of the capacitor from the base to the emitter of the transistor Q8 and adjust the switching characteristic of the transistor Q8. The capacitor C2 and the resistor R16 are connected between the F end and the cathode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1 in series, so that overshoot voltage at two ends of the Darlington tube Q6 can be inhibited, and the turn-off loss of the Darlington tube Q6 is reduced. The collector of the transistor Q8 reaches the base of the Linton transistor Q6, and the on-off of the Q6 can be controlled by controlling the on-off of the Q8. The diode D1 is connected between the collector of the darlington transistor Q6 and the terminal F, and serves as a reflux diode.

The working principle of the regulator sampling and pre-excitation control circuit is as follows:

an input signal of a phase end of the generator is processed through a sampling and pre-excitation control circuit through a P end, and a relevant circuit is controlled to provide pre-excitation current for a rotor at a D + end of the regulator.

Under the Key-on state of the vehicle, the rotating speed of the generator is 0RPM, no signal is input at the P end of the regulator, the base electrode of the triode Q3 is at a low potential, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is at a high potential, and the triode Q3 is in a saturated conduction state. The terminal voltage of the B + is desaturated and switched on by the resistor R4, the transistor Q3 and the transistor Q9, the transistor Q5 is turned on, and the transistor Q7 is in a cut-off state because the saturation voltage drop of the transistor Q5 is very low (less than 0.2V) and cannot reach the turn-on voltage of the transistor Q7. Since the transistor Q7 is turned off, the transistor Q1 will also be in an off state, and the B + side current will not provide the pre-excitation current to the D + side rotor through the transistor Q1 and the resistor string (R3, R6, R7, R8).

When the generator rotates, an input signal enters the regulator at the P end, and the resistor R18 is used for reducing the signal input amplitude of the generator and reducing input interference. The capacitor C4 is used to isolate a dc signal that may be present at the P-side of the generator. The diode D4 is used for clamping the lower limit value of the negative value signal at the P terminal and preventing the lower limit value of the signal at the P terminal from being too low after passing through the capacitor C4, thereby influencing the signal processing of the later circuit. When the rotating speed of the generator is 0RPM, the triode Q3 is in a saturated conducting state, the voltage drop between the emitter and the base is 0.6V, and the generator is in a stable state. When the rotation speed of the generator rises, the voltage of the alternating current signal input from the P end generates voltage fluctuation at the base of the transistor Q3, so that the voltage between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q3 is reduced, and after the voltage reaches the turn-off voltage, the transistor Q3 is in a cut-off state. The turn-off of transistor Q3 causes transistor Q5 to turn off, the voltage at terminal B + is passed through resistor R4, transistor Q2 and resistor R13 to turn on transistor Q7, and Q7 is in a saturated conducting state. Because the triode Q7 is in saturation conduction, the base of the triode Q1 is at low potential, the emitter is at high potential, the Q1 is in saturation conduction, the current at the B + end can provide pre-excitation current for the rotor at the D + end through the triode Q1 and the resistor string (R3, R6, R7 and R8), the regulator can normally work through the pre-excitation current, the pre-excitation current can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of the resistor string (R3, R6, R7 and R8), and the self-starting function of the specified rotating speed can be realized by matching the generator.

If the charging indicator lamp function is needed, the charging indicator lamp can be connected to the D + end of the regulator. When the rotating speed of the generator is 0RPM, D + is a low potential, and the charging indicator light is turned on. After power generation, the voltage of the terminal B + is connected to the terminal D + through a triode Q1 and a resistor string (R3, R6, R7 and R8), the potentials of the two ends of the charging indicator lamp are the same, and the charging indicator lamp is turned off.

The working principle of the regulator voltage regulation control circuit is as follows:

when the voltage of the generator is smaller than that of the storage battery, Q4 and Q8 are cut off, Q6 is conducted, and the storage battery supplies power to the magnetic field winding through the charging indicator lamp. The magnetic field winding circuit is as follows: the positive electrode of the storage battery → the ignition switch → the charge indicator lamp → the field winding → the end F of the regulator → the Darlington tube Q6 → the end E of the regulator → the ground → the negative electrode of the storage battery. The generator voltage increases with increasing rotational speed. When the voltage of the generator rises to be equal to the electromotive force of the storage battery, the potentials at two ends of the bulb are equal, the indicator lamp is turned off, and the generator is changed from independent excitation to self-excitation. Because the output voltage of the generator is less than the upper regulation limit, the Q4 and the Q8 are continuously cut off, the Q6 is continuously conducted, and the generator starts to supply power to the outside. The magnetic field winding circuit is as follows: the positive pole of the generator → the field winding → the end of the regulator F → the Darlington tube Q6 → the end of the regulator E → the earth → the negative pole of the generator. The generator voltage continues to rise as the speed of rotation rises. When the voltage of the generator rises to be equal to the upper regulation limit, resistors R1 and R2 divide the voltage, Q4 is conducted, ZD1 is conducted, Q8 is conducted, Q6 is cut off, a magnetic field circuit is cut off, and the output voltage of the generator rapidly drops. When the voltage of the generator drops, the voltage division on the resistor R2 is reduced, when the voltage UR2 < Ube4+ UZD1+ Ube8 on the R2, Q4 and Q8 are cut off, Q6 is turned on again, the magnetic field circuit is turned on again, and the voltage of the generator rises. When the voltage of the generator rises to the upper regulation limit, Q6 is cut off, the magnetic field circuit is cut off, and the output voltage drops; when the voltage of the generator is reduced to be equal to the lower regulation limit, the magnetic field circuit is connected, the voltage of the generator is increased and repeated, and the output voltage of the generator is controlled within a certain range.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the utility model without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the utility model not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the utility model will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a generator regulator with self-starting function, the regulator is including sampling and pre-excitation control circuit and the voltage regulation control circuit who links to each other with sampling and pre-excitation control circuit, its characterized in that: the sampling and pre-excitation control circuit comprises resistors R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R12, R13, R14, R15, R17, R18, R19 and R20; capacitors C1, C4; a diode D4; triodes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9; one end of the resistor R18 is connected with the P end, the other end of the resistor R18 is grounded, the P end is connected with the resistor R12 and the resistor R19 through a capacitor C4, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a capacitor C4, and the anode of the diode D4 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2, the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R12, and the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the base of the triode Q5; the base electrode and the collector electrode of the triode Q9 are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q5, and the emitter electrode is grounded; the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, and the emitter is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with the B + end through a resistor R4, and the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the base of the triode Q7 through a resistor R13; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R17 through a resistor R20, and the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R5 and a B + end through a resistor R20;

the B + end is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q7 through a resistor R15 and a resistor R14, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q7 is grounded; the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the B + end, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R14, the collector electrode and the base electrode of the triode Q1 are connected through the capacitor C1, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the D + end through the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the resistor R8.

2. A generator regulator with self-starting capability as defined in claim 1, wherein: the voltage regulating circuit comprises diodes D1, D2 and D3, resistors R1, R2, R9, R11, R10, R16 and R21, triodes Q4 and Q8, a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 and a Darlington tube Q6; the B + end is connected with a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 through a diode D2 and is grounded; the D + end is connected with the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 through the resistor R9 and the diode D3 to be grounded; the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4 after voltage division, the base electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with the capacitor C6 and is grounded, the emitter electrode is connected with the voltage regulator ZD1 and is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q8, and the collector electrode is connected with the D + end through the resistor R11; the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the resistor R10 to the D + end, and the base of the triode Q8 is connected with the resistor R21 and is grounded; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q6 is connected with a capacitor C3 and the negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube ZD1, meanwhile, the base electrode is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q8, and the collector electrode is connected with a diode D1 and the F end; the capacitor C2 and the resistor R16 are connected between the terminal F and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1 in series.