CN217010724U - High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply - Google Patents

High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217010724U
CN217010724U CN202220454988.9U CN202220454988U CN217010724U CN 217010724 U CN217010724 U CN 217010724U CN 202220454988 U CN202220454988 U CN 202220454988U CN 217010724 U CN217010724 U CN 217010724U
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resistor
transformer
diode
voltage
circuit
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CN202220454988.9U
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Chinese (zh)
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张大力
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Shenzhen Tezesk Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Tezesk Energy Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-efficiency conversion circuit of a direct current power supply; when the transformer is used, the rectifier bridge outputs direct current to the transformer, and the power management chip outputs a pulse width modulation signal with a certain duty ratio to enable a primary coil of the transformer to generate alternating magnetic field electricity to carry out voltage reduction; the power management chip is used for regulating the output duty ratio of the transformer to stabilize the voltage according to the voltage fed back to the photoelectric coupler by the voltage feedback circuit, wherein the transformer is controlled to work in a fixed-frequency pulse width modulation control mode under high load, and the power management chip enters a lower fixed-frequency operation mode to avoid entering a noise frequency band along with the further reduction of the load; finally, under the condition of extremely low input power, the power management chip works in a multi-cycle mode to ensure extremely low power loss under standby and no-load conditions so as to carry out high-efficiency AC/DC voltage reduction conversion; therefore, the circuit is simple, the conversion efficiency is high, and the applicability is wide.

Description

High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a high-efficiency conversion circuit of a direct-current power supply.
Background
Most of the existing power circuits adopt a transformer, a rectifier bridge and a voltage stabilizing tube to perform alternating current-direct current conversion in a matching way, so that the conversion efficiency is low, the electric energy cannot be efficiently utilized, and the use requirements of people cannot be met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention provides a high-efficiency dc power conversion circuit, which has a simple circuit and can automatically adjust the output duty ratio of a transformer according to the load to perform high-efficiency electric energy conversion, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:
constructing a high-efficiency conversion circuit of a direct-current power supply, which comprises a transformer, a power supply management chip and a photoelectric coupler; a primary coil of the transformer is connected with a rectifier bridge, and a secondary coil of the transformer is connected with a plurality of rectifier circuits and voltage feedback circuits; the voltage feedback circuit is connected with a light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler, a backlight detector of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the power supply management chip, and the power supply management chip regulates and stabilizes the output duty ratio of the transformer according to the voltage fed back to the photoelectric coupler by the voltage feedback circuit;
the plurality of rectifying circuits comprise a first rectifying circuit and a second rectifying circuit, the first rectifying circuit is connected with a first end of a secondary coil of the transformer, the second rectifying circuit is connected with a second end of the secondary coil of the transformer, and a third end of a secondary coil of the transformer is a negative electrode output end of the direct-current power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit.
According to the high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the first end of the primary coil of the transformer, and the negative output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the S end of the power management chip; a first filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the positive output end and the negative output end of the rectifier bridge; the first input end and the second input end of the rectifier bridge are also connected with a low-pass filter circuit.
The high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply is characterized in that the positive output end of the rectifier bridge is further connected with a first resistor, a first capacitor and a first voltage stabilizing diode, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the positive electrode of the first voltage stabilizing diode, and the negative electrode of the first voltage stabilizing diode, the second end of the first resistor and the second end of the first capacitor are connected with a second resistor;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of a second voltage stabilizing diode, and the cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with the third end of the primary coil of the transformer and the D end of the power management chip.
The high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply further comprises an overvoltage protection circuit, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a third resistor and a third voltage stabilizing diode; the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge is connected with a fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with a fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the M end of the power management chip; the third resistor is also connected with the M end of the power management chip, and the anode of the third voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the third resistor;
the first end of the secondary coil of the transformer is connected with a first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary coil of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is connected with a sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the cathode of a third voltage stabilizing diode, and the second end of the secondary coil of the transformer is connected with the cathode output end of the rectifier bridge.
The utility model relates to a high-efficiency conversion circuit of a direct-current power supply, wherein a first rectification circuit comprises a second diode and a first inductor, the anode of the second diode is connected with the first end of a secondary coil of a transformer, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the first inductor, and the other end of the first inductor is a 12V direct-current output end of the high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply;
and the second rectifying circuit comprises a third diode and a second inductor, the anode of the third diode is connected with the second end of the secondary coil of the transformer, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the second inductor, and the other end of the second inductor is the 5V direct current output end of the direct current power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit.
The high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply comprises a voltage feedback circuit, a voltage feedback circuit and a control circuit, wherein the voltage feedback circuit comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and a voltage-stabilizing triode; the seventh resistor is connected with a 12V direct current output end, the eighth resistor is connected with a 5V direct current output end, the other ends of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are respectively connected with an R end of the voltage-stabilizing triode and the ninth resistor, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected with the negative electrode output end;
the A end of the voltage-stabilizing triode is also connected with the negative electrode output end of the high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply, the K end of the voltage-stabilizing triode is connected with the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler, the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler is connected with a tenth resistor, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with the 5V direct-current output end;
and a collector of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor, and an emitter of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the end C of the power management chip.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: when the transformer is used, the rectifier bridge rectifies the input 220V alternating current into direct current to be output to the transformer, and the power management chip outputs a pulse width modulation signal with a certain duty ratio to enable a primary coil of the transformer to generate an alternating magnetic field to carry out voltage reduction; the power management chip is used for regulating the output duty ratio of the transformer to stabilize the voltage according to the voltage fed back to the photoelectric coupler by the voltage feedback circuit, wherein the transformer is controlled to work in a fixed-frequency pulse width modulation control mode under high load, and the power management chip enters a lower fixed-frequency operation mode to avoid entering a noise frequency band along with the further reduction of the load; finally, under the condition of extremely low input power, the power management chip works in a multi-cycle mode to ensure extremely low power loss under standby and no-load conditions so as to carry out high-efficiency AC/DC voltage reduction conversion; the first rectifying circuit and the second rectifying circuit are used for rectifying alternating current output by the transformer into direct current to be supplied to external electrical appliances for working; therefore, the circuit is simple, the conversion efficiency is high, and the applicability is wide.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the drawings in the following description are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without inventive efforts according to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc power high efficiency conversion circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following description will be made clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The high-efficiency conversion circuit of the dc power supply according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1; the transformer T1, the power management chip U1 and the photoelectric coupler U2 are included; a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the rectifier bridge BR1 and a plurality of rectifier circuits and the voltage feedback circuit 110 are connected to the primary coil; the voltage feedback circuit 110 is connected with a light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U2, a backlight detector of the photoelectric coupler U2 is connected with the power management chip U1, and the power management chip U1 regulates and stabilizes the output duty ratio of the transformer T1 according to the voltage fed back to the photoelectric coupler U2 by the voltage feedback circuit 110;
the plurality of rectifying circuits comprise a first rectifying circuit 121 and a second rectifying circuit 122, the first rectifying circuit 121 is connected with a first end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1, the second rectifying circuit 122 is connected with a second end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1, and a third end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is a negative electrode output end of the direct current power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit;
when the transformer T1 is used, the rectifier bridge BR1 rectifies the input 220V alternating current into direct current to be output to the transformer T1, and the power management chip U1 outputs a pulse width modulation signal with a certain duty ratio to enable a primary coil of the transformer T1 to generate an alternating magnetic field to carry out voltage reduction; and the power management chip U1 adjusts the output duty ratio of the transformer T1 to stabilize the voltage according to the voltage fed back to the photocoupler U2 by the voltage feedback circuit 110, wherein under high load, the transformer T1 is controlled to work by using a fixed frequency pulse width modulation control mode, and as the load is further reduced, in order to avoid entering a noise frequency band, the power management chip U1 enters a lower fixed frequency operation mode; finally, under the condition of extremely low input power, the power management chip U1 works in a multi-cycle mode to ensure extremely low power loss under standby and no-load conditions so as to carry out high-efficiency alternating current-direct current voltage reduction conversion; the first rectifying circuit 121 and the second rectifying circuit 122 are used for rectifying the alternating current output by the transformer T1 into direct current for external electrical appliances to work; therefore, the circuit is simple, the conversion efficiency is high, and the applicability is wide.
As shown in fig. 1, the positive output terminal of the rectifier bridge BR1 is connected to the first terminal of the primary coil of the transformer T1 and the negative output terminal is connected to the S terminal of the power management chip U1; a first filter capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the positive output end and the negative output end of the rectifier bridge BR 1; the first input end and the second input end of the rectifier bridge BR1 are also linked with a low-pass filter circuit 130; as shown in fig. 1, the low-pass filter circuit 130 is composed of R1, R2, C1, and L1; c2, C8 also serve as filtering; the stability and the anti-interference capability of the circuit are improved; a thermistor RT3 is also included to over-temperature protect the circuit.
As shown in fig. 1, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge BR1 is further connected with a first resistor R4, a first capacitor C4 and a first voltage-regulator diode D1, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge BR1 is connected with the positive electrode of the first voltage-regulator diode D1, and the negative electrode of the first voltage-regulator diode D1, the second end of the first resistor R4 and the second end of the first capacitor C4 are both connected with a second resistor R5;
the other end of the second resistor R5 is connected with the anode of a second zener diode D2, and the cathode of the second zener diode D2 is respectively connected with the third end of the primary coil of the transformer T1 and the D end of the power management chip U1; the circuit is simple, the cost is low, and the volume is small.
As shown in fig. 1, the overvoltage protection circuit 140 is further included, and the overvoltage protection circuit 140 includes a third resistor R9 and a third zener diode D3; the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge BR1 is connected with a fourth resistor R6, the other end of the fourth resistor R6 is connected with a fifth resistor R7, and the other end of the fifth resistor R7 is connected with the M end of the power management chip U1; the third resistor R9 is also connected with the M end of the power management chip U1, and the anode of the third voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is connected with the third resistor R9;
when the voltage output by the primary coil of the transformer T1 increases and also causes the voltage output by the secondary coil to increase, the third zener diode D3 breaks down, and a current flows into the multi-functional pin M of the power management chip U1, so as to start a hysteretic overvoltage turn-off protection function, whether the turn-off function is determined by the resistance value of the third resistor R9, and when the output power of the transformer T1 is very low, the power management chip U1 operates in a multi-cycle modulation mode to achieve high efficiency, so as to reduce the power during no-load and standby; preferably, the resistance of the third resistor R9 is reduced to 20 Ω, R4, R5, C4 and the fast recovery rectifier diode D2 are designed to be in a normal operation mode, so that the efficiency is maximized under light load, and the zener diode D1 provides a preset maximum clamping voltage, which is turned on under load transient or overload;
furthermore, the fourth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R7 are matched to limit the rated undervoltage protection voltage and the rated overvoltage turn-off voltage to 103V and 450V respectively, the undervoltage protection can prevent the circuit from overheating under low voltage and can eliminate voltage disturbance during power-on and power-off, and the overvoltage turn-off can prevent the power supply from input surge;
a first end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with a first diode D4, an anode of the first diode D4 is connected with a first end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1, a cathode of the first diode D4 is connected with a sixth resistor R10, the other end of the sixth resistor R10 is connected with a cathode of a third voltage stabilizing diode D3, and a second end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with a cathode output end of a rectifier bridge BR 1; for the over-voltage protection circuit 140 to detect the voltage of the secondary winding of the transformer T1.
As shown in fig. 1, the first rectification circuit 121 includes a second diode D6 and a first inductor L3, an anode of the second diode D6 is connected to a first end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1, and a cathode of the second diode D6 is connected to the first inductor L3, and the other end of the first inductor L3 is a 12V dc output end of the dc power supply high efficiency conversion circuit;
the second rectifying circuit 122 comprises a third diode D5 and a second inductor L1, the anode of the third diode D5 is connected with the second end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1, the cathode of the third diode D5 is connected with the second inductor L1, and the other end of the second inductor L1 is the 5V dc output end of the dc power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit; the circuit is simple, the cost is low, and the volume is small.
As shown in fig. 1, the voltage feedback circuit 110 includes a seventh resistor R18, an eighth resistor R20, a ninth resistor R21, and a voltage-stabilizing transistor U3; the seventh resistor R18 is connected with a 12V direct current output end, the eighth resistor R20 is connected with a 5V direct current output end, the other ends of the seventh resistor R18 and the eighth resistor R20 are respectively connected with an R end of a voltage-stabilizing triode U3 and a ninth resistor R21, and the other end of the ninth resistor R21 is connected with a negative electrode output end;
the A end of the voltage-stabilizing triode U3 is also connected with the negative electrode output end of the high-efficiency DC power supply conversion circuit, the K end of the voltage-stabilizing triode U3 is connected with the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U2, the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U2 is connected with a tenth resistor R13, and the other end of the tenth resistor R13 is connected with the 5V DC power output end;
the capacitor C16 and the resistor R14 form a phase lifting network to provide extra phase margin so as to ensure stable working voltage and improved transient response, and feedback current is fed into a control pin C end of a power management chip U1 through a photoelectric coupler U2, so that the duty ratio can be determined, and voltage-stabilized output is performed; under the condition that the 5V output voltage is loaded and the 12V output is unloaded, the resistor R19 and the voltage stabilizing diode D8 can improve the intermodulation voltage stabilization;
a collector of the photoelectric coupler U2 is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor R10, and an emitter of the photoelectric coupler U2 is connected with the C end of the power management chip U1; the power supply circuit is used for power supply and is simple.
It will be appreciated that modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A high-efficiency conversion circuit of a direct current power supply comprises a transformer, a power supply management chip and a photoelectric coupler; the transformer is characterized in that a primary coil of the transformer is connected with a rectifier bridge, and a secondary coil of the transformer is connected with a plurality of rectifier circuits and voltage feedback circuits; the voltage feedback circuit is connected with a light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler, a backlight detector of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the power supply management chip, and the power supply management chip regulates and stabilizes the output duty ratio of the transformer according to the voltage fed back to the photoelectric coupler by the voltage feedback circuit;
the plurality of rectifying circuits comprise a first rectifying circuit and a second rectifying circuit, the first rectifying circuit is connected with a first end of a secondary coil of the transformer, the second rectifying circuit is connected with a second end of the secondary coil of the transformer, and a third end of a secondary coil of the transformer is a negative electrode output end of the direct-current power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit.
2. The dc power high efficiency conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein a positive output terminal of the rectifier bridge is connected to a first terminal of the primary winding of the transformer and a negative output terminal is connected to the S terminal of the power management chip; a first filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the positive output end and the negative output end of the rectifier bridge; the first input end and the second input end of the rectifier bridge are also connected with a low-pass filter circuit.
3. The high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct current power supply according to claim 2, wherein a first resistor, a first capacitor and a first zener diode are further connected to the positive output end of the rectifier bridge, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge is connected to the positive electrode of the first zener diode, and the negative electrode of the first zener diode, a second end of the first resistor and a second end of the first capacitor are connected to a second resistor;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of a second voltage stabilizing diode, and the cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with the third end of the primary coil of the transformer and the D end of the power management chip.
4. The dc power high efficiency conversion circuit of claim 3, further comprising an overvoltage protection circuit, said overvoltage protection circuit comprising a third resistor and a third zener diode; the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge is connected with a fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with a fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the M end of the power management chip; the third resistor is also connected with the M end of the power management chip, and the anode of the third voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the third resistor;
the first end of the secondary coil of the transformer is connected with a first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary coil of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is connected with a sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the cathode of a third voltage stabilizing diode, and the second end of the secondary coil of the transformer is connected with the cathode output end of the rectifier bridge.
5. The DC power high efficiency conversion circuit according to claim 4, wherein the first rectifying circuit comprises a second diode and a first inductor, the anode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the secondary coil of the transformer, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the first inductor, and the other end of the first inductor is the 12V DC output end of the DC power high efficiency conversion circuit;
and the second rectifying circuit comprises a third diode and a second inductor, the anode of the third diode is connected with the second end of the secondary coil of the transformer, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the second inductor, and the other end of the second inductor is the 5V direct current output end of the direct current power supply high-efficiency conversion circuit.
6. The DC power high efficiency conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein the voltage feedback circuit comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and a voltage regulation transistor; the seventh resistor is connected with a 12V direct current output end, the eighth resistor is connected with a 5V direct current output end, the other ends of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are respectively connected with an R end of the voltage-stabilizing triode and the ninth resistor, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected with the negative electrode output end;
the A end of the voltage-stabilizing triode is also connected with the negative electrode output end of the high-efficiency conversion circuit of the direct-current power supply, the K end of the voltage-stabilizing triode is connected with the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler, the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler is connected with a tenth resistor, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with the 5V direct-current output end;
and a collector of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor, and an emitter of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the end C of the power management chip.
CN202220454988.9U 2022-03-03 2022-03-03 High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply Expired - Fee Related CN217010724U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202220454988.9U CN217010724U (en) 2022-03-03 2022-03-03 High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202220454988.9U CN217010724U (en) 2022-03-03 2022-03-03 High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN217010724U true CN217010724U (en) 2022-07-19

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CN202220454988.9U Expired - Fee Related CN217010724U (en) 2022-03-03 2022-03-03 High-efficiency conversion circuit of direct-current power supply

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Granted publication date: 20220719