CN217002455U - A hydraulic device for rail vehicle running gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic device for a running mechanism of a railway vehicle, which comprises hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pipes and electromagnetic valves, wherein the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle in a paired mode and used for providing equivalent bending rigidity for axles, the hydraulic pipes are used for connecting all chambers of the hydraulic cylinders and supplying hydraulic media to circulate, and the electromagnetic valves are used for opening and closing the hydraulic pipes so as to change the equivalent bending rigidity output by the hydraulic cylinders.

Description

A hydraulic device for rail vehicle running gear

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rails, in particular to a hydraulic device used for a running mechanism of a rail vehicle.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy and the continuous advancement of urbanization, a large number of rural residents have transferred to cities for development, resulting in a sharp increase in the number of urban population and the gradual expansion of urban construction scale. The ground transportation in many cities has been unable to meet such a huge passenger traffic. need. The urban rail transit industry has developed rapidly due to its fast and convenient characteristics, and more and more cities have incorporated rail transit into urban planning. However, the existing technical problems of rail transit still hinder its rapid development. For high-speed rail vehicles, wheelset wear and the incompatibility between the wheelset and the track will inevitably occur, which affects the durability of the vehicle and the Traffic safety has a non-negligible impact. In severe cases, it will lead to accidents with great safety hazards such as train derailment. Therefore, how to solve this problem is a hot research direction in the industry.

The comparative document with the publication number such as CN207630903U proposes a hydraulic device and a vehicle using the hydraulic device, which includes two pairs of front and rear hydraulic cylinders respectively used for corresponding to the four wheels of the vehicle. , the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of one of the same pair of hydraulic cylinders are selectively connected with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the other through the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the rod cavity of the two hydraulic cylinders on the same side of the left and right pass through the first oil pipeline The rodless cavity is communicated through the second oil delivery pipeline, the first and second oil delivery pipelines are respectively connected with accumulators, and the hydraulic interconnection device also includes a connection with the first and second oil delivery pipelines for connecting the oil tank and the oil pump. The two main oil pipelines are serially connected in series along the flow direction toward the hydraulic cylinder, which is used for reversing and cutting off the two main oil pipelines, and the two main oil pipelines for diversion and parallel flow. The second solenoid valve, the hydraulic interconnection device further includes a control device and a height detection device connected to the control device for measuring the heights on both sides of the vehicle, the control device controls and connects the electromagnetic reversing valve and the first and second solenoid valves.

However, the existing longitudinal positioning technology of the axles of rail vehicles mainly connects the axles with the bogies through longitudinal links and rubber gaskets. Since the axle needs to transmit a very large traction force through the longitudinal link and the rubber pad when the rail vehicle is driven, the stiffness of the link and the rubber pad needs to be large enough. When the rail vehicle turns, it is hoped that the stiffness of the connecting rod and the rubber pad can be smaller, so as to provide a smaller equivalent rigidity of the wheelset, so that the wheelset can better fit the wheel and rail, and reduce the wear of the wheelset and the track. . However, the existing technology cannot well balance the contradictory demands on the stiffness of the longitudinal link when the vehicle is driving and turning. Especially for subways, due to terrain constraints, the turning radius of subways is smaller than that of high-speed trains and high-speed trains. The relative turning angle of the two axles of the bogie needs to be larger when turning, otherwise the wear of the wheelset and the track will be more serious.

In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, because the applicant has studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present utility model, but the space limit does not list all the details and contents in detail. The present invention does not have the features of the prior art, on the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic device for a running mechanism of a rail vehicle, which comprises a pair of hydraulic devices respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle and used to provide equivalent bending rigidity for the axle. The hydraulic cylinder is used to connect the hydraulic pipes for the circulation of the hydraulic medium in each chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the solenoid valve used to open and close the hydraulic pipes to change the equivalent bending rigidity output by the hydraulic cylinder.

According to a preferred embodiment, the rodless chambers of the hydraulic cylinder are communicated with each other through a hydraulic pipe to form a first hydraulic branch, the rod chambers are communicated with each other through a hydraulic pipe to form a second hydraulic branch, and the two hydraulic branches The hydraulic pipes extending from the chambers of the hydraulic cylinders are provided with solenoid valves that can independently control the communication/blocking of the chambers of the hydraulic cylinders.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first hydraulic branch circuit comprises several sections of hydraulic pipes, wherein the first pipe is connected to the rodless chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second pipe is connected to the third hydraulic pressure The rodless chamber of the cylinder and the fourth hydraulic cylinder, the third pipeline is connected to the rod chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, and the fourth pipeline is connected to the rod chamber of the third hydraulic cylinder and the fourth hydraulic cylinder The first pipeline is connected to the second pipeline through the fifth pipeline to form a first hydraulic branch, and the third pipeline is connected to the fourth pipeline through the sixth pipeline to form a second hydraulic branch.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are arranged on the third pipeline with the connection of the third pipeline and the sixth pipeline as an interval point, and the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are The connection point between the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline is set on the first pipeline, and the fifth solenoid valve and the sixth solenoid valve are set on the first pipeline with the connection between the fourth pipeline and the sixth pipeline as the spacing point. On the four pipelines, the seventh solenoid valve and the eighth solenoid valve are arranged on the second pipeline with the connection of the second pipeline and the fifth pipeline as an interval point. Preferably, the solenoid valves are connected to the controller in parallel with each other in such a manner that they can be controlled to open and close by an electric signal.

According to a preferred embodiment, the two hydraulic branches are also provided with damping valves connected to the hydraulic branches in a manner that can provide buffering for the hydraulic device, and the damping valves are arranged in the chamber of each hydraulic cylinder and the corresponding solenoid valve between and independently acting on each hydraulic chamber.

According to a preferred embodiment, the two hydraulic branches are also provided with a number of accumulators located between each damping valve and the corresponding solenoid valve, and the accumulators can supplement and store hydraulic medium for the hydraulic branch according to the method. Connected to the hydraulic branch.

According to a preferred embodiment, when the rail vehicle runs straight, the solenoid valves are all in a closed state, and the hydraulic medium in each chamber of the hydraulic cylinder remains relatively static, so that the axle connected to the hydraulic cylinder is in the direction of the vehicle running. remain relatively stationary.

According to a preferred embodiment, when the rail vehicle turns, the solenoid valve is opened in a manner of connecting the hydraulic pipes on both sides of itself, so that the axles on the two wheel sets change between them due to the mechanical action of the curved track. At the relative position, at least part of the hydraulic medium in at least part of the hydraulic cylinder chamber flows into another part of the hydraulic cylinder chamber through the hydraulic branch.

According to a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder is detachably arranged on the bogie/axle of the rail vehicle, and the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the axle/bogie in a manner opposite to the hydraulic cylinder, so that the axle is When the position is changed, the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic cylinder is driven to flow.

According to another preferred embodiment, the first solenoid valve is arranged between the first hydraulic cylinder and the connection between the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline, and the second solenoid valve is arranged between the first hydraulic cylinder and the third pipeline Between the connection with the sixth pipeline, the third solenoid valve is arranged on the fifth pipeline, the fourth solenoid valve is arranged on the sixth pipeline, and the fifth solenoid valve is arranged on the fourth hydraulic cylinder and the second pipeline and the sixth pipeline. Between the connections of the five pipelines, the sixth solenoid valve is arranged between the fourth hydraulic cylinder and the connection between the fourth pipeline and the sixth pipeline. Preferably, the solenoid valves are connected to the controller in parallel with each other in such a manner that they can be controlled to open and close by an electric signal.

Beneficial technical effects of the present utility model: the device is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, an accumulator, a damping valve, a solenoid valve, a controller and a hydraulic pipe, and the opening/closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by the controller to realize the interconnected work of the hydraulic cylinders or the independent work of the hydraulic cylinders. When working together, the hydraulic cylinder can provide sufficient longitudinal rigidity to the axle to ensure the transmission of the traction force of the vehicle drive, and at the same time can provide a smaller equivalent bending rigidity of the wheelset to ensure better contact between the wheel and the track when the vehicle turns, reducing the number of wheelsets and rail wear; hydraulic cylinders can provide greater longitudinal stiffness to better ensure wheel alignment when working alone. The contradictory demands on the stiffness of the longitudinal link of the axle faced by the prior art are greatly resolved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of hydraulic device principle schematic diagram for rail vehicle running gear provided by the utility model;

2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydraulic device provided by the utility model in Embodiment 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydraulic device provided by the utility model in Embodiment 2;

4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydraulic device provided by the utility model in Embodiment 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydraulic device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 4. FIG.

List of reference signs

1: Hydraulic cylinder; 2: Accumulator; 3: Solenoid valve; 4: Damping valve; 5: Controller; 7: Hydraulic pipe; 11: First hydraulic cylinder; 12: Second hydraulic cylinder; 13: Third hydraulic pressure cylinder; 14: fourth hydraulic cylinder; 21: first accumulator; 22: second accumulator; 23: third accumulator; 24: fourth accumulator; 25: fifth accumulator; 26 : sixth accumulator; 27: seventh accumulator; 28: eighth accumulator; 31: first solenoid valve; 32: second solenoid valve; 33: third solenoid valve; 34: fourth solenoid valve 35: fifth solenoid valve; 36: sixth solenoid valve; 37: seventh solenoid valve; 38: eighth solenoid valve; 41: first damping valve; 42: second damping valve; 43: third damping valve; 44: the fourth damping valve; 45: the fifth damping valve; 46: the sixth damping valve; 47: the seventh damping valve; 48: the eighth damping valve; 61: the first wheel; 62: the first axle; 63: the first Second wheel; 64: Third wheel; 65: Second axle; 66: Fourth wheel; 71: First pipeline; 72: Second pipeline; 73: Third pipeline; 74: Fourth pipeline; 75 : Fifth pipeline; 76: Sixth pipeline.

Detailed ways

The following detailed description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic device for a running mechanism of a rail vehicle, which includes: hydraulic cylinders 1 arranged on both sides of the vehicle in pairs to provide equivalent bending rigidity for the axle; A hydraulic pipe 7 is connected to each chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 for the circulation of hydraulic medium;

According to a preferred embodiment, the rodless chambers of the hydraulic cylinder 1 communicate with each other through a hydraulic pipe 7 to form a first hydraulic branch, and the rod chambers communicate with each other through a hydraulic pipe 7 to form a second hydraulic branch. The hydraulic pipes 7 in the hydraulic branch extending from the chambers of the hydraulic cylinders 1 are provided with solenoid valves 3 which can independently control the communication/blocking of the chambers of the hydraulic cylinders 1 with each other.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first hydraulic branch circuit includes several sections of hydraulic pipes 7, wherein the first pipe 71 communicates with the rodless chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the second hydraulic cylinder 12, and the second pipe 72 communicates with the rodless chambers of the third hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14, the third pipeline 73 communicates with the rod chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the second hydraulic cylinder 12, and the fourth pipeline 74 communicates with the third hydraulic cylinder 74. The rod chambers of the hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14, the first pipeline 71 is connected to the second pipeline 72 through the fifth pipeline 75 to form a first hydraulic branch, and the third pipeline 73 passes through the sixth pipeline The passage 76 communicates with the fourth pipeline 74 to constitute a second hydraulic branch. Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is arranged between the axle and the bogie along its own length, so that the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the axle, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the bogie. Further preferably, the first The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the first wheel 61 located on one end of the first axle 62, the piston rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the second wheel 63 located on the other end of the first axle 62, and the second hydraulic cylinder 12 The piston rod is connected to the third wheel 64 at one end of the second axle 65 , and the piston rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the fourth wheel 66 at the other end of the second axle 65 . Preferably, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 , the second hydraulic cylinder 12 , the third hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 without a piston rod is connected to the bogie in a fixed manner, so that the piston rod can be fixed on the basis of The hydraulic cylinder 1 of the bogie provides push/pull force to the two axles, forcing the axles to change the position and direction of their own axes.

According to a preferred embodiment, the solenoid valve 3 can control the communication of the hydraulic branch in an on/off manner. Preferably, the first solenoid valve 31 and the second solenoid valve 32 are connected by a third pipeline 73 and a sixth pipeline The connection point of 76 is set on the third pipeline 73 as an interval point, and the third solenoid valve 33 and the fourth solenoid valve 34 are set on the first pipeline 75 at the connection point of the first pipeline 71 and the fifth pipeline 75 as an interval point. On the road 71, the fifth solenoid valve 35 and the sixth solenoid valve 36 are arranged on the fourth pipeline 74 at the connection point between the fourth pipeline 74 and the sixth pipeline 76, and the seventh solenoid valve 37 and the eighth The solenoid valve 38 is disposed on the second pipeline 72 with the connection between the second pipeline 72 and the fifth pipeline 75 as an interval. Preferably, the solenoid valves 3 are connected to the controller in parallel with each other in a manner that can be controlled to open and close by an electrical signal, so that each solenoid valve 3 can open/close the pipelines it controls in an independent manner. control. Preferably, controlling the opening/closing of the solenoid valve 3 can make the hydraulic cylinder 1 in an independent or at least partially interconnected working state, which improves the flexibility of the whole device, and also provides a redundant backup for the solenoid valve 3 and other components, so as to facilitate When at least part of the solenoid valve 3 fails, the entire device can continue to maintain a stable working state through the control of the controller.

According to a preferred embodiment, the two hydraulic branches are further provided with a damping valve 4 connected to the hydraulic branch in a way that can provide buffering for the hydraulic device, and the damping valve 4 is arranged in the chamber of each hydraulic cylinder 1 and the corresponding Between the solenoid valves 3 and independently act on each hydraulic chamber. Preferably, the first damping valve 42 is arranged on the side of the third pipeline 73 close to the first hydraulic cylinder 11 , the second damping valve 42 is arranged on the side of the first pipeline 71 close to the first hydraulic cylinder 11 , and the The third damping valve 43 is arranged on the side of the first pipeline 71 close to the second hydraulic cylinder 12 , the fourth damping valve 44 is arranged on the side of the third pipeline 73 close to the second hydraulic cylinder 12 , and the fifth damping valve 45 It is arranged on the side of the fourth pipeline 74 close to the third hydraulic cylinder 13, the sixth damping valve 46 is arranged on the side of the second pipeline 72 close to the third hydraulic cylinder 13, and the seventh damping valve 47 is arranged on the second pipeline 72. On the side of the pipeline 72 close to the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 , the eighth damping valve 48 is provided on the side of the fourth pipeline 74 close to the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 .

According to a preferred embodiment, the two hydraulic branches are also provided with a number of accumulators 2 located between each damping valve 4 and the corresponding solenoid valve 3, and the accumulators 2 can supplement and The hydraulic medium is stored and communicated with the hydraulic branch. Preferably, the accumulators 2 include first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth accumulators, each accumulator 2 being disposed adjacent to the damping valve 4 such that Each accumulator 2 can be arranged on the pipeline between the corresponding solenoid valve 3 and the damping valve 4 in a matching form, for example, the first accumulator 21 is arranged on the first damping valve 42 and the first solenoid valve 31 On the third pipeline 73 between the two, the second accumulator 22 is arranged on the third pipeline 73 between the second solenoid valve 32 and the fourth damping valve 44, and the rest of the accumulators 2 can be in the above-mentioned manner. It is matched with the corresponding solenoid valve 3 and damping valve 4, so that each section of pipeline directly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 1 has an accumulator 2 that can independently provide buffering and supplement the function of hydraulic medium.

According to another preferred embodiment, the arrangement positions of the accumulator 2 and the damping valve 4 can be interchanged, that is, a single accumulator 2 or the damping valve 4 can be arranged on the sum of the aforementioned arrangement positions of the accumulator 2 and the damping valve 4 anywhere.

According to a preferred embodiment, when the rail vehicle travels in a straight line, the solenoid valve 3 (valve closed) is disconnected by the controller 5, the four hydraulic cylinders 1 work independently, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the damping valve 4, the accumulator 2 constitutes an oil and gas spring, in which the accumulator 2 plays the role of buffering, providing stiffness and supplementing hydraulic oil, and the adjustable damping valve 4 provides different damping forces and relieves the hydraulic impact force. By closing the solenoid valve 3, the oil and gas spring is made With large longitudinal stiffness and damping, it can transmit the traction force of the axle to the bogie, and at the same time play a role in longitudinal positioning of the axle. The controller 5 controls the adjustable damping valve 4 to output the corresponding damping force, so that the axle achieves a good vibration damping effect.

According to a preferred embodiment, when the rail vehicle turns, the vehicle turning signal is used as the input signal of the controller 5, and the solenoid valve 3 is opened by the controller 5, and the four hydraulic cylinders 1 are connected to each other. When the two axles of the bogie contract or expand, the hydraulic device can provide greater longitudinal rigidity and play the role of axle positioning. When the two axles of the bogie move relative to each other at a corner (that is, when turning, the inner wheels move towards each other, and the outer wheels move toward each other). At this time, the hydraulic device can provide a smaller equivalent bending rigidity of the wheelset, which can make the wheelset adaptively fit the track when the vehicle turns, thereby reducing the wear of the wheelset and the track, and providing rail vehicle driving. stability and security.

According to a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic device can provide longitudinal stiffness to the axle when the rail vehicle is going straight, and play a role in the longitudinal positioning of the wheels; the hydraulic device can provide low equivalent resistance to the two wheel pairs of the bogie when the rail vehicle turns The bending stiffness enables the two wheelsets to adaptively generate relative turning angles to ensure that the wheelsets fit with the track to reduce the wear of the wheelsets.

Example 2

This embodiment is a supplementary description to Embodiment 1, and repeated content will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 3 , the components in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that in Embodiment 1, the first axle 62 is connected to the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the third hydraulic cylinder 13; the second The axle 65 is connected to the piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinder 12 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 . In the second embodiment, the first axle 62 is connected to the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the third hydraulic cylinder 13; .

According to another preferred embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is detachably arranged on the bogie/axle of the rail vehicle, and the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the axle/bogie in a manner opposite to the hydraulic cylinder 1, So that the axle drives the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic cylinder 1 to flow when the axle changes its position.

Example 3

This embodiment is a supplementary description of Embodiment 2, and the repeated content will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 4 , compared with Embodiment 2, the hydraulic device is arranged with at least part of the damping valve 4 less, and the arrangement and implementation of other components Example 2 is the same.

Example 4

This embodiment is a supplementary description to the foregoing Embodiment 3, and repeated content will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 5 , compared with the third embodiment, the hydraulic device has two less solenoid valves 3 arranged, and the arrangement of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the accumulator 2 is the same as that of the third embodiment. Preferably, the first solenoid valve 31 is provided between the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the connection between the first pipeline 71 and the fifth pipeline 75, and the second solenoid valve 32 is provided between the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the third pipeline Between the connection between 73 and the sixth pipeline 76, the third solenoid valve 33 is arranged on the fifth pipeline 75, the fourth solenoid valve 34 is arranged on the sixth pipeline 76, and the fifth solenoid valve 35 is arranged on the fourth pipeline 76. Between the hydraulic cylinder 14 and the connection between the second pipeline 72 and the fifth pipeline 75 , the sixth solenoid valve 36 is provided between the fourth hydraulic cylinder 14 and the connection between the fourth pipeline 74 and the sixth pipeline 76 . Preferably, the solenoid valves 3 are connected to the controller 5 in parallel with each other in such a manner that the opening and closing of the solenoid valves 3 can be controlled by an electric signal.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the scope of the present invention. into the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the description of the present utility model and the accompanying drawings are illustrative rather than limiting to the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The specification of the present utility model contains a number of utility model concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally" all indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and the applicant reserves the basis for each utility model concept. The right to file a divisional application.

Claims (10)

1. A hydraulic device for rail vehicle running gear, comprising: Hydraulic cylinders (1), arranged in pairs on both sides of the vehicle respectively, are used to provide equivalent bending stiffness to the axles, The hydraulic pipe (7) is used to connect the various chambers of the hydraulic cylinder for the circulation of the hydraulic medium, The solenoid valve (3) is used to open and close the hydraulic pipe (7) to change the equivalent bending stiffness output by the hydraulic cylinder (1), It is characterized in that the rodless chambers of the hydraulic cylinder (1) are communicated with each other through a hydraulic pipe (7) to form a first hydraulic branch, and the rod chambers are communicated with each other through a hydraulic pipe (7) to form a second hydraulic branch. The hydraulic pipe (7) extending from the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) in the two hydraulic branch circuits is provided with a hydraulic pipe (7) that can independently control the communication/blocking of the chambers of the respective hydraulic cylinders (1). solenoid valve (3). 2. The hydraulic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first hydraulic branch circuit comprises several sections of hydraulic pipes (7), wherein the first pipe (71) communicates with the first hydraulic cylinder (11) and the rodless chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder (12), the second pipeline (72) communicates with the rodless chamber of the third hydraulic cylinder (13) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder (14), and the third pipeline (73) The rod chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder (11) and the second hydraulic cylinder (12) are communicated, and the fourth pipeline (74) is communicated with the rod chambers of the third hydraulic cylinder (13) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder (14) , the first pipeline (71) is connected to the second pipeline (72) through the fifth pipeline (75) to form the first hydraulic branch, and the third pipeline (73) is connected to the second pipeline (72) through the sixth pipeline (76) The fourth pipeline (74) constitutes a second hydraulic branch. 3. The hydraulic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first solenoid valve (31) and the second solenoid valve (32) are connected by the third pipeline (73) and the sixth pipeline (76) The space points are arranged on the third pipeline (73), the third solenoid valve (33) and the fourth solenoid valve (34) are connected with the first pipeline (71) and the fifth pipeline (75) The interval points are set on the first pipeline (71), the fifth solenoid valve (35) and the sixth solenoid valve (36) are connected with the fourth pipeline (74) and the sixth pipeline (76) The interval points are arranged on the fourth pipeline (74), and the seventh solenoid valve (37) and the eighth solenoid valve (38) are spaced at the connection between the second pipeline (72) and the fifth pipeline (75). The point is set on the second line (72). 4. The hydraulic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the two hydraulic branches are further provided with damping valves (4) connected to the hydraulic branches in a manner capable of providing a buffer for the hydraulic device, so The damping valve (4) is arranged between the chamber of each hydraulic cylinder (1) and the corresponding solenoid valve (3) and acts independently on each hydraulic chamber. 5. The hydraulic device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of accumulators located between each damping valve (4) and the corresponding solenoid valve (3) are further provided on the two hydraulic branches (2), the accumulator (2) is communicated with the hydraulic branch in a manner capable of supplementing and storing the hydraulic medium for the hydraulic branch. 6. The hydraulic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, when the rail vehicle runs straight, the solenoid valves (3) are all in a closed state, and the hydraulic medium in each chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is maintained A relatively stationary state, so that the axle connected to the hydraulic cylinder (1) is kept in a relatively stationary state in the direction in which the vehicle travels. 7 . The hydraulic device according to claim 6 , wherein when the rail vehicle turns, the solenoid valve is opened in a manner of connecting the hydraulic pipes on both sides of itself, so that the axles on the two wheel pairs are caused by the curved track. 8 . At least a part of the hydraulic medium in at least part of the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) flows into another part of the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) through the hydraulic branch. 8. The hydraulic device according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic cylinder (1) is detachably arranged on the bogie/axle of the rail vehicle, and the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder (1) It is connected to the axle/bogie in a manner opposite to the hydraulic cylinder (1), so that the axle drives the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic cylinder (1) to flow when the position changes. 9. The hydraulic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, a first solenoid valve (31) is provided on the first hydraulic cylinder (11) and the first pipeline (71) and the fifth pipeline (75) The second solenoid valve (32) is arranged between the first hydraulic cylinder (11) and the connection between the third pipeline (73) and the sixth pipeline (76). The third solenoid valve (33) is arranged on the fifth pipeline (75), a fourth solenoid valve (34) is arranged on the sixth pipeline (76), and a fifth solenoid valve (35) is arranged on the fourth hydraulic pressure Between the cylinder (14) and the connection between the second pipeline (72) and the fifth pipeline (75), a sixth solenoid valve (36) is provided between the fourth hydraulic cylinder (14) and the first hydraulic cylinder (14) and the fifth pipeline (75). Between the connection between the fourth pipeline (74) and the sixth pipeline (76). 10. The hydraulic device according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that the solenoid valves (3) are connected to the controller (5) in parallel with each other in a manner that can be controlled to open and close by an electric signal.

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