CN216981579U - Anti-reverse connection protection circuit of lithium battery charger - Google Patents
Anti-reverse connection protection circuit of lithium battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN216981579U CN216981579U CN202220576593.6U CN202220576593U CN216981579U CN 216981579 U CN216981579 U CN 216981579U CN 202220576593 U CN202220576593 U CN 202220576593U CN 216981579 U CN216981579 U CN 216981579U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery chargers, and discloses an anti-reverse-connection protection circuit of a lithium battery charger, which comprises a control unit, a voltage division unit, a relay, an anti-reverse-connection unit, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; the voltage of the positive electrode connecting end of the battery is detected and a detection signal is input to the control unit when the lithium battery is in actual use, whether the lithium battery is connected or not is judged, the control unit does not drive the relay to be conducted when the lithium battery is not connected or the lithium battery is reversely connected, the charger is continuously in a standby state, resistance is added on a conducting loop formed by reversely connecting the lithium battery, current generated when the lithium battery is reversely connected can be limited, and electronic components of the lithium battery charger are prevented from being damaged when the lithium battery is reversely connected.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery chargers, in particular to an anti-reverse connection protection circuit of a lithium battery charger.
Background
The lithium battery has the advantages of large energy density, long service life, small pollution and the like, and gradually replaces the traditional lead-acid storage battery. At present lithium battery charger is when charging to lithium cell, if lithium battery charger can directly open the relay of output in standby state, lithium battery charger's the direct contact that passes through the relay of output positive pole is connected anodal electricity with the battery promptly, and if the lithium cell when inserting lithium battery charger in the reverse this moment, can produce the heavy current, damages the electronic components in the lithium battery charger, leads to lithium battery charger can not normal use.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides an anti-reverse connection protection circuit of a lithium battery charger, and aims to solve the technical problems that when a lithium battery is reversely connected to the lithium battery charger, the lithium battery charger can still be protected, the lithium battery charger cannot be damaged, the service life of the lithium battery charger is prolonged, the experience feeling of customers is improved, the reject ratio of customers due to reverse connection of the lithium battery charger and the lithium battery is reduced, and the cost of each item due to the customers is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: the anti-reverse connection protection circuit of the lithium battery charger comprises a control unit, a voltage division unit, a relay, an anti-reverse connection unit, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; an output pin of the control unit is electrically connected with one end of a control coil of the relay, and the other end of the control coil of the relay is grounded; the output positive electrode of the lithium battery charger is electrically connected with the first connecting end of the reverse prevention unit, one end of a resistor R3 and one contact of a pair of conducting contacts of the relay respectively, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with the other contact of the pair of conducting contacts of the relay, the battery positive electrode connecting end and the voltage dividing unit respectively, and a voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing unit is electrically connected with an AD conversion pin of the control unit; the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R4 and then grounded, when the voltage of the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit is greater than the voltage of the first connection end of the anti-reverse unit, the anti-reverse unit is conducted, and the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the negative connection end of the battery.
In one embodiment, the output pin of the control unit is electrically connected to one end of the control coil of the relay through a resistor R1.
In one embodiment, one end of the control coil of the relay is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the control coil of the relay is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1.
In one embodiment, the voltage divider unit includes a resistor R2 and a resistor R5, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive connection terminal of the battery, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the AD conversion pin of the control unit, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded.
In one embodiment, the anti-reverse unit includes a diode D2, a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to an output anode of the lithium battery charger, and a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R4.
In one embodiment, the control unit comprises a single chip microcomputer of type HR7P 169B.
In one embodiment, the pair of conductive contacts of the relay is a pair of normally open contacts of the relay.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
when the lithium battery charger is in a standby state, the output pin of the control unit outputs a low level signal, so that the control coil of the relay RY1 is disconnected, and further the normally open contact of the relay RY1 is disconnected, namely the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are in a disconnected state.
Because the output positive pole V + of the lithium battery charger is connected with the positive pole connecting end B + of the battery through the resistor R3, the secondary ground of the lithium battery charger is connected with the negative pole connecting end B-of the battery through the resistor R4; when the lithium battery is not connected with the lithium battery charger, the terminal voltage of the positive electrode connecting end B + of the battery is the output voltage of the lithium battery charger and is input to the AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit judges that the battery is not connected, the output pin of the control unit continues to output low level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a disconnected state, and the lithium battery charger is continuously in a standby state.
When the lithium battery is electrically connected with the battery anode connecting end B + and the battery cathode connecting end B-, the voltage of the battery anode connecting end B + is the lithium battery voltage, the voltage is lower than the output voltage of the lithium battery charger, the voltage is input to the AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit detects that the voltage is lower than the standby state voltage, the control unit judges that the battery is connected, the output pin of the control unit outputs a high level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a closed state, and the lithium battery charger normally charges the lithium battery.
When the lithium battery is reversely connected with the lithium battery charger, a conducting loop of a battery anode, a resistor R4, a diode D2, a resistor R3 and a battery cathode is formed at the moment, the resistor R4 is used for sampling, the resistance is mostly below 1 omega, the resistor R3 is used for limiting current, the resistance is K omega level, as the resistance of the resistor R3 is very large, the current of the loop is very small, the charger cannot be damaged, the terminal voltage of the battery anode connecting end B + is the output voltage of the lithium battery charger at the moment, the terminal voltage is input to an AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit judges that the battery is not connected, the output pin of the control unit continuously outputs low level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a disconnected state, the charger is continuously in a standby state, and the circuit plays a role of reverse connection prevention protection.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: detect and to the control unit input detection signal through increasing bleeder circuit to the voltage of battery positive pole link, all do not drive the relay and switch on when the lithium cell is not connected and the lithium cell reversal, make the charger continue to be in standby state, increase current-limiting resistance on the switching-on loop through forming at the lithium cell reversal in addition, the electric current that produces when can restricting the lithium cell reversal, damage lithium cell charger's electronic components when avoiding the lithium cell reversal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the reverse connection prevention protection circuit of the lithium battery charger includes a control unit 1, a voltage division unit, a relay 2, a reverse connection prevention unit 3, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; an output pin of the control unit 1 is electrically connected with one end of a control coil of the relay RY1, and the other end of the control coil of the relay RY1 is grounded; an output positive electrode V + of the lithium battery charger is respectively and electrically connected with a first connecting end of the anti-reverse unit 3, one end of a resistor R3 and one contact of a pair of conducting contacts of the relay RY1, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively and electrically connected with the other contact of the pair of conducting contacts of the relay RY1 and a battery positive electrode connecting end B + voltage dividing unit, and a voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing unit 2 is electrically connected with an AD conversion pin of the control unit 1; the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit 3 is respectively electrically connected with one end of the resistor R4 and then grounded, when the voltage of the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit 3 is greater than the voltage of the first connection end of the anti-reverse unit 3, the anti-reverse unit 3 is conducted, and the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the battery cathode connection end B-.
In actual use, the AD conversion pin of the control unit 1 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the input voltage, so as to identify the voltage magnitude at the positive connection end B + of the battery, and determine whether the reverse connection of the battery occurs according to the voltage magnitude at the positive connection end B + of the battery.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the control unit 1 includes a single chip microcomputer U1 with a model number HR7P169B, a pin 8 of the single chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit, and a pin 6 of the single chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected to the control coil of the relay RY 1. In a certain embodiment, the control unit 1 may also adopt other types of single-chip microcomputers, and only the control unit 1 needs to perform analog-to-digital conversion and output the driving voltage.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the pin "six" of the single chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected to one end of the control coil of the relay RY1 through a resistor R1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, one end of the control coil of relay RY1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of diode D1, and the other end of the control coil of relay RY1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of diode D1. In actual use, when relay RY1 is opened from closed, diode D1 discharges the coil of relay RY 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the voltage dividing unit 2 includes a resistor R2 and a resistor R5, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive connection end of the battery, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the AD conversion pin of the control unit 1, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded. In one embodiment, the voltage dividing unit 2 may include three or more resistors, and all the resistors are connected in series in sequence.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the anti-reverse unit 3 includes a diode D2, a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to the output anode V + of the lithium battery charger, and a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the pair of conductive contacts of the relay RY1 is a pair of normally open contacts of the relay RY 1. The normally open contact of the relay RY1 is used because the lithium battery charger can be in a standby state without inputting a driving voltage to the control coil of the relay RY 1.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
when the lithium battery charger is in a standby state, the output pin of the control unit 1 outputs a low level signal, so that the control coil of the relay RY1 is switched off, and further the normally open contact of the relay RY1 is switched off, namely the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are in a disconnected state.
Because the output positive pole V + of the lithium battery charger is connected with the positive pole connecting end B + of the battery through the resistor R3, the secondary ground of the lithium battery charger is connected with the negative pole connecting end B-of the battery through the resistor R4; when the lithium battery is not connected with the lithium battery charger, the terminal voltage of the battery anode connecting end B + is the output voltage of the lithium battery charger, the output voltage is input to the AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit 1 judges that the battery is not connected, the output pin of the control unit 1 continues to output low level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a disconnected state, and the lithium battery charger continues to be in a standby state.
When the lithium battery is electrically connected with the battery anode connecting end B + and the battery cathode connecting end B-, the voltage of the battery anode connecting end B + is the lithium battery voltage, the voltage is lower than the output voltage of the lithium battery charger, the voltage is input to the AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit 1 detects that the voltage is lower than the standby state voltage, the control unit 1 judges that the battery is connected, the output pin of the control unit 1 outputs high level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a closed state, and the lithium battery charger normally charges the lithium battery.
When the lithium battery is reversely connected with the lithium battery charger, a conducting loop of a battery anode, a resistor R4, a diode D2, a resistor R3 and a battery cathode is formed at the moment, the resistor R4 is used for sampling, the resistance is mostly below 1 omega, the resistor R3 is used for limiting current, the resistance is K omega, the resistance is very large because the resistance of the resistor R3, the current of the loop is very small, the charger cannot be damaged, the terminal voltage of a battery anode connecting end B + is the output voltage of the lithium battery charger at the moment, the terminal voltage is input to an AD conversion pin of the control unit through the voltage division of the resistor R2 and the resistor R5, the control unit 1 judges that the battery is not connected, the output pin of the control unit 1 continuously outputs low level, the common end and the normally open end of the relay RY1 are continuously in a disconnected state, the lithium battery charger is continuously in a standby state, and the circuit plays a role of reverse connection prevention protection.
In summary, the voltage of the positive electrode connecting end of the battery is detected by adding the voltage dividing circuit, and the detection signal is input to the control unit, the relay is not driven to be conducted when the lithium battery is not connected and the lithium battery is reversely connected, so that the charger is continuously in a standby state, and in addition, the resistor R3 is added on a conducting loop formed by reversely connecting the lithium battery, so that the current generated when the lithium battery is reversely connected can be limited, and the electronic components of the lithium battery charger are prevented from being damaged when the lithium battery is reversely connected.
In light of the above, it is clear that many changes and modifications can be made by the workers in the field without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The anti-reverse connection protection circuit of the lithium battery charger is characterized by comprising a control unit, a voltage division unit, a relay, an anti-reverse connection unit, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; an output pin of the control unit is electrically connected with one end of a control coil of the relay, and the other end of the control coil of the relay is grounded; the output positive electrode of the lithium battery charger is electrically connected with the first connecting end of the reverse prevention unit, one end of a resistor R3 and one contact of a pair of conducting contacts of the relay respectively, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with the other contact of the pair of conducting contacts of the relay, the battery positive electrode connecting end and the voltage dividing unit respectively, and a voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing unit is electrically connected with an AD conversion pin of the control unit; the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R4 and then grounded, when the voltage of the second connection end of the anti-reverse unit is greater than the voltage of the first connection end of the anti-reverse unit, the anti-reverse unit is conducted, and the other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the negative connection end of the battery.
2. The reverse connection prevention protection circuit of a lithium battery charger according to claim 1, wherein an output pin of the control unit is electrically connected with one end of a control coil of the relay through a resistor R1.
3. The reverse connection prevention protection circuit of a lithium battery charger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the control coil of the relay is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the control coil of the relay is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1.
4. The reverse connection prevention protection circuit of the lithium battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing unit comprises a resistor R2 and a resistor R5, one end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive connection end of the battery, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to one end of a resistor R5 and an AD conversion pin of the control unit, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded.
5. The reverse connection prevention protection circuit of the lithium battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the reverse connection prevention unit comprises a diode D2, a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected with an output anode of the lithium battery charger, and a cathode of the diode D2 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R4.
6. The anti-reverse-connection protection circuit of the lithium battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a single chip microcomputer with the model number HR7P 169B.
7. The lithium battery charger reverse-connection-prevention protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pair of conductive contacts of the relay is a pair of normally open contacts of the relay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220576593.6U CN216981579U (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Anti-reverse connection protection circuit of lithium battery charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220576593.6U CN216981579U (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Anti-reverse connection protection circuit of lithium battery charger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216981579U true CN216981579U (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220576593.6U Active CN216981579U (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Anti-reverse connection protection circuit of lithium battery charger |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216981579U (en) |
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- 2022-03-16 CN CN202220576593.6U patent/CN216981579U/en active Active
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