CN216966290U - Tailstock auxiliary clamping device and fixture for machining small-clamping shaft parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tailstock auxiliary clamping device and a clamp for machining small-clamping journal shaft parts, wherein the tailstock auxiliary clamping device comprises: the device comprises a first main body, a second main body, a third main body, a mandrel, a flat top tip and a deformation sleeve; the mandrel is coaxially arranged in the first main body, the outer side surface of the deformation sleeve is matched with the inner side surface of the first main body by a conical surface with a caliber size larger outside and smaller inside, the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve is sleeved on the mandrel, the flat top is fixed on the end surface of the mandrel, and the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve is limited and arranged on the mandrel through the flat top; the flange end of the second main body is fixedly connected with the first main body, the rotating shaft neck of the second main body is freely and rotatably arranged in the mounting groove of the third main body, and the connecting shaft of the third main body is connected with the tail seat of the equipment. The jig includes: the main shaft center, the clamp body and the tailstock auxiliary clamping device. The utility model can provide reliable clamping for small-clamping shaft neck shaft parts and can also fully meet the positioning requirement.

Description

Tailstock auxiliary clamping device and fixture for machining small-clamping shaft parts

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shaft part machining clamp design, is suitable for shaft machining with small clamping shaft diameter, and particularly relates to a tailstock auxiliary clamping device and a clamp for machining shaft parts with small clamping shaft necks.

Background

In the machining field, shaft machining is one of the most common machining processes, the shaft parts are positioned by arranging tops at two ends of the shaft parts in the existing shaft machining, clamping is carried out on the shaft diameter position of the shaft parts by arranging a clamp at one end, an external driving device drives the clamp to drive the shaft parts to rotate at a high speed, and the external driving device is matched with a cutter sanding wheel and the like, and the side face of the cutter sanding wheel is adjusted in place, so that material removing machining is realized.

In the existing shaft part machining process, when a shaft part with a small clamping journal is encountered, because the clamping journal of the part is small, the clamping size of a clamp to the journal is limited, and if the radial force applied to part machining is large at the moment, the situation of play due to infirm clamping is easy to occur in the machining process; for example:

in the trial manufacturing process of gearbox products, the quantity of some shaft gear parts is less, and if a conventional manufacturing process is adopted to perform hobbing on a blank, a special gear machining tool needs to be ordered, so that the cost is higher and the manufacturing period is longer. Therefore, a gear grinding machine rough opening gear mode is often adopted to replace hobbing processing in the trial production process of fewer parts.

As shown in fig. 1, a part 1 using a rough opening gear of a gear grinding machine is positioned and held by a rough opening gear grinding jig composed of a jig body 2, a spindle center 3, and a tailstock center 4. The fixture body 2 is arranged on a main shaft of the gear grinding machine, the main shaft tip 3 is arranged inside the main shaft, and the tailstock tip 4 is arranged on a tailstock of the gear grinding machine. When the clamping device works, the main shaft center 3 extends out to place the part 1 between the main shaft center 3 and the tailstock center 4, after a clamping program is started, the tailstock drives the tailstock center 4 to push the clamping shaft neck A of the part into the clamp body 2, and the clamp body 2 clamps the clamping shaft neck of the part 1 for processing.

As shown in fig. 1, because the clamping journal of the part is short, the part pushed into the clamp body 2 to realize effective clamping is small, and the overhanging part is large, so that the clamping force applied on the part 1 by the clamp body 2 is insufficient, and the clamp device only realizes clamping through one end of the clamp body 2, so that the clamping force of the whole part 1 cannot meet the processing requirement, the part 1 is easy to shift in the processing process, the processing precision of the part 1 cannot be guaranteed, and the shifting generated in the processing process easily damages the grinding wheel in the gear grinding processing process to cause danger.

In summary, the following problems mainly exist in the existing small-clamping journal shaft machining:

1. the effective clamping journal of the part is shorter, and the machining precision and the machining safety are influenced because the part moves due to insufficient clamping force due to the traditional clamping of one end;

2. when the positioning standard of the part is a shaft neck, the tailstock end of the processing machine tool is only a tip, and the positioning precision is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model discloses a tailstock auxiliary clamping device and a tailstock auxiliary clamping fixture for machining small-clamping journal shaft parts, which can realize reliable clamping of the small-clamping journal shaft parts and can also fully meet the positioning requirements.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:

clamping device is assisted to tailstock of little centre gripping axle class parts machining, clamping device is assisted to tailstock includes: a first body 5, a second body 6, a third body 7, a mandrel 8, a flat top 9 and a deformation sleeve 10;

the mandrel 8 is coaxially arranged in the first main body 5, the outer side surface of the deformation sleeve 10 is matched with the inner side surface of the first main body 5 through a conical surface with the caliber size being larger outside and smaller inside, the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 is sleeved on the mandrel 8, the flat top 9 is fixed on the end surface of the mandrel 8, and the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 is limited and arranged on the mandrel 8 through the flat top 9;

The flange end of the second body 6 is fixedly connected with the first body 5, the rotary shaft neck of the second body 6 is freely and rotatably arranged in the installation groove of the third body 7, and the connecting shaft of the third body 7 is connected with the tail seat of the equipment.

Furthermore, the deformation sleeve 10 is a conical expansion sleeve formed by connecting a plurality of elastic deformation units with the same structure in a distributed manner along the circumferential direction;

each elastic deformation unit at the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 is provided with a clamping jaw inwards along the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, the clamping jaws are arc-shaped clamping jaws matched with the outer circumferential surface to be clamped of the part 1.

Furthermore, the flat center 9 is fixedly connected with the end face of the mandrel 8 through a center bolt 11.

Further, a limiting ring 12 is fixedly connected to the shaft diameter of the mandrel 8 passing through and extending out of the first body 5.

Further, the stop collar 12 is screwed onto the mandrel 8.

Further, the first body 5 and the second body 6 are fixedly connected through a threaded connection assembly arranged along the outer circumference.

Further, the connecting shaft of the third body 7 is connected with the tailstock of the device in a taper fit manner.

Anchor clamps of little centre gripping axle shaft class parts machining, anchor clamps include: the main shaft center 2, the clamp body 3 and the tailstock auxiliary clamping device;

The clamp comprises a clamp body 3, a main shaft tip 2 and a main shaft, wherein the clamp body 3 is arranged on a main shaft of the equipment, the main shaft tip 2 is arranged in the main shaft of the equipment, and a through hole for the main shaft tip 2 to horizontally pass through is formed in the center of the clamp body 3;

the tailstock auxiliary clamping device is used for machining the small-clamping journal shaft parts.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the auxiliary clamping device and the clamp of the tailstock, the traditional equipment tailstock adopts a single center positioning and jacking mode, the mode that the center positioning and jacking and the expansion sleeve clamping are combined is changed, and a positioning and clamping mode of two-end center positioning and two-end clamping is formed by the tailstock and a clamp body at one end of a machine tool spindle, so that reliable clamping force can be provided, the phenomenon of play in the machining process is avoided, and the machining precision is ensured;

2. according to the tailstock auxiliary clamping device and the clamp, a double positioning mode of top positioning and expansion sleeve clamping positioning is adopted at the tailstock end of equipment, and different positioning requirements of parts are fully met;

3. the tailstock auxiliary clamping device and the clamp can be directly matched with the tailstock of equipment for use on the premise of not modifying the tailstock of the equipment, and are high in applicability and easy to popularize and apply.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a positioning fixture for small clamping of journal shaft parts in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamping journal shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a working state of the tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamping journal shaft parts according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the fitting of the fixture and the part according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the fixture and the part of the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the combination of the fixture and the part according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-part, 2-main shaft tip, 3-clamp body,

4-tailstock centre, 5-first main body, 6-second main body,

7-a third main body, 8-a mandrel, 9-a flat tip,

10-a deformation sleeve, 11-a tip bolt, 12-a limit ring,

13-bearing, 14-bolt hole.

Detailed Description

For clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the utility model is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

The first embodiment is as follows:

this embodiment one discloses little centre gripping axle journal axle class parts machining's supplementary clamping device of tailstock, as shown in fig. 2, supplementary clamping device of tailstock includes: the device comprises a first main body 5, a second main body 6, a third main body 7, a mandrel 8, a flat top 9, a deformation sleeve 10, a top bolt 11, a limiting ring 12 and a bearing 13; wherein:

As shown in fig. 2, the outer contour of the first main body 5 is cylindrical, the one end of the first main body 5 is coaxially provided with a deformation sleeve mounting groove, the bottom surface of the deformation sleeve mounting groove is a plane, the side wall of the deformation sleeve mounting groove is a conical surface with a diameter of the notch larger than that of the bottom of the deformation sleeve, the bottom of the deformation sleeve mounting groove extends inwards along the axial direction to the other end to form a coaxial cylindrical mandrel through hole, and a plurality of threaded holes 14 are uniformly formed in the end surface of the other end of the first main body 5 along the circumferential direction.

As shown in fig. 2, the mandrel 8 is installed in the mandrel through hole of the first main body 5 in a matching manner, the outer diameter of the mandrel 8 and the mandrel through hole of the first main body 5 are both high-precision matching surfaces, so as to ensure that the mandrel 8 is coaxial with the first main body 5, the tail end of the mandrel 8 passes through the first main body 5 and extends out of the shaft diameter of the other end surface of the first main body 5, the limiting ring 12 is fixedly connected with the thread, and the end surface of the first main body 5 is in contact connection with the limiting ring 12, so that one-way limiting of the mandrel 8 and the first main body 5 in the axial direction is realized; the head end of the mandrel 8 is a small-size shaft neck with the diameter smaller than that of the tail end, and a transition shaft shoulder is formed between the head end and the tail end; the end surface of the small-size shaft neck of the mandrel 8 is provided with a threaded blind hole.

As shown in fig. 2, the main body of the deformation sleeve 10 is a conical expansion sleeve structure, and is formed by distributing and connecting a plurality of elastic deformation units with the same structure along the circumferential direction, the outer circumferential side of the deformation sleeve 10 is a circumferential surface matched with the inner side wall of the deformation sleeve mounting groove of the first main body 5, the deformation sleeve 10 is in conical surface fit with the first main body 5, the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 is sleeved on the small-size shaft neck at the head end of the mandrel 8, and the axial one-way limit is realized through the transition shaft shoulder of the mandrel 8; at the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10, each elastic deformation unit is inwards provided with an arc-shaped clamping jaw matched with the outer circumferential surface to be clamped of the part 1 along the circumferential direction;

because the deformation sleeve 10 is in conical surface fit with the first main body 5, when the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 moves to the small-diameter end of the first main body 5 along the axial direction under the action of the axial external force, the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 is subjected to the pressure applied by the first main body 5 along the radial direction under the matching action of the conical surfaces, so that each elastic deformation body of the deformation sleeve 10 contracts inwards, and further, the arc-shaped clamping jaws at the end part of each elastic deformation body can clamp the workpiece in the radial direction, namely, the axial force is converted into the radial clamping force.

As shown in fig. 2, the top surface and the bottom surface of the flat center 9 are both of a planar structure, and the diameter of the top surface is smaller than that of the bottom surface, the side surface of the flat center 9 connected with the top surface is a conical side surface with the diameter gradually increased, a transitional cylindrical side surface is arranged between the conical side surface of the flat center 9 and the bottom surface of the flat center 9, and a stepped hole is formed in the center of the flat center 9;

the flat top 9 is arranged on the inner side of the deformation sleeve 10, the flat top 9 is pressed against the end face of the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 10 from the inner side, the top bolt 11 penetrates through the stepped hole of the flat top 9 to be in threaded fastening connection with the threaded blind hole of the mandrel 8, the flat top 9 is fixed on the mandrel 8, and the deformation sleeve 10 is limited and mounted on the small-size journal of the mandrel 8; the top of the tip bolt 11 is not higher than the top of the flat top 9.

As shown in fig. 2, the head of the second body 6 is a flange end, the tail of the second body 6 is a rotating journal coaxial with the flange end, a circle of stepped holes are formed on the end surface of the flange end of the second body 6 in one-to-one correspondence with the threaded holes 14 formed on the end surface of the first body 5, and the tail end of the mandrel 8 and the limit ring 12 mounted thereon are both located inside the flange end of the second body 6.

As shown in fig. 2, the tail end of the third body 7 is a connecting shaft for connecting with a tailstock of a device (such as a tailstock of a gear grinding machine), the outer circumferential side surface of the connecting shaft is a conical surface, and the third body 7 is in taper fit connection with the tailstock of the device; the head end of the third main body 7 is provided with a cylindrical mounting groove, and the rotating journal of the second main body 6 is mounted in the mounting groove of the third main body 7 through a bearing 13, so that the second main body 6 can freely rotate relative to the third main body 7 along the axial direction.

The working process of the tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining the small-clamping journal shaft parts in the first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the tail of the part 1 is of a slotted structure or is provided with a tip hole, after the flat tip 9 is matched and positioned with the tail of the part 1, a large-diameter end jaw of the deformation sleeve 1 is clamped outside the circumference of the tail of the part 1, the part 1 is pressed against one side of the flat tip 9 under the action of the outward axial force, the flat tip 9 applies axial pressure to the end surface of the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 1, the deformation sleeve 1 horizontally moves inwards relative to the first main body 5 under the axial thrust of the flat tip 9, and under the matching of the deformation sleeve 1 and the conical surface of the first main body 5, the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 1 is pressed by the first main body 5 in the radial direction, so that the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve 1 is reduced in diameter, and the circumferential outer side of the tail of the part 1 is clamped; on the contrary, after the axial pressure applied on the flat top 9 is reduced or disappeared, under the action of the elastic deformation restoring force of the deformation sleeve 1, the deformation sleeve 1 horizontally moves outwards relative to the first main body 5 along the axial direction, so that the clamping force acting on the outer side of the tail circumference of the part 1 is reduced or disappeared, and the loosening and the dismounting of the part 1 are realized.

The second embodiment:

in the second embodiment, a clamp for machining a small-clamp journal shaft part is disclosed, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the clamp includes: the device comprises a main shaft center 2, a clamp body 3 and a tailstock auxiliary clamping device.

The clamp body 3 is arranged on a main shaft of equipment (such as a main shaft of a gear grinding machine), the main shaft tip 2 is arranged in the main shaft of the equipment, and a through hole for the main shaft tip 2 to horizontally pass through is formed in the center of the clamp body 3.

The tailstock auxiliary clamping device is the tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining the small-clamping journal shaft parts in the first embodiment.

The working process of the clamp for machining the small-clamping journal shaft part in the second embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4, firstly, the spindle center 2 extends out to the right, the part 1 is placed between the spindle center 2 and the tailstock auxiliary clamping device, after the clamping program of the device is started, the device tailstock drives the tailstock auxiliary clamping device to move left until the flat top 9 in the tailstock auxiliary clamping device contacts with the top hole at the tail of the part 1, the tailstock auxiliary clamping device continues to move left, because the spindle center 2 has right pressure, the flat top 9 is horizontally pressed to the right, the deformation sleeve 10 is driven to move right, meanwhile, the deformation 10 deforms under the conical surface matching pressure of the first main body 1, the outer side of the shaft neck at the right tail of the part 1 is clamped through the claws at the end, the device tailstock continues to move to a fixed position, the shaft neck at the head at the left side of the part 1 is clamped by the clamp body 3, and the positioning and clamping processes at the two ends of the part 1 are completed.

As shown in fig. 4, after the part 1 is machined, the tailstock of the device is withdrawn to the right, the tailstock of the device drives the auxiliary tailstock clamping device to move to the right, and after the flat top 9 in the tailstock clamping device is depressurized, the deformation sleeve 10 rebounds to loosen the part 1 under the cooperation of the deformation sleeve 10 and the conical surface of the first body 5, so that the part 1 is loosened and removed.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Tailstock auxiliary clamping device of little centre gripping axle shaft class parts machining, its characterized in that:

the tailstock auxiliary clamping device comprises: the device comprises a first main body (5), a second main body (6), a third main body (7), a mandrel (8), a flat top tip (9) and a deformation sleeve (10);

The mandrel (8) is coaxially arranged in the first main body (5), the outer side surface of the deformation sleeve (10) is matched with the inner side surface of the first main body (5) through a conical surface with the caliber size being large outside and small inside, the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve (10) is sleeved on the mandrel (8), the flat tip (9) is fixed on the end surface of the mandrel (8), and the small-diameter end of the deformation sleeve (10) is limited and arranged on the mandrel (8) through the flat tip (9);

the flange end of the second main body (6) is fixedly connected with the first main body (5), the rotating shaft neck of the second main body (6) is freely and rotatably installed in the installation groove of the third main body (7), and the connecting shaft of the third main body (7) is connected with the tail seat of the equipment.

2. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamp journal shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the deformation sleeve (10) is a conical expansion sleeve formed by distributing and connecting a plurality of elastic deformation units with the same structure along the circumferential direction;

each elastic deformation unit at the large-diameter end of the deformation sleeve (10) is provided with a clamping jaw inwards along the circumferential direction.

3. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for small clamping journal shaft parts machining according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the clamping jaws are arc-shaped clamping jaws matched with the outer circumferential surface to be clamped of the part (1).

4. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamp journal shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the flat center (9) is fixedly connected with the end face of the mandrel (8) through a center bolt (11).

5. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamp journal shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the mandrel (8) penetrates through and extends out of the shaft diameter of the first main body (5) to be fixedly connected with a limiting ring (12).

6. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for machining small-clamp journal shaft parts as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

the limiting ring (12) is connected to the mandrel (8) through threads.

7. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for small clamping journal shaft parts machining according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the first main body (5) and the second main body (6) are fixedly connected through a threaded connection assembly arranged along the outer side of the circumference.

8. A tailstock auxiliary clamping device for small clamping journal shaft parts machining according to claim 1, characterized in that:

and the connecting shaft of the third main body (7) is in taper fit connection with the tail seat of the equipment.

9. Anchor clamps of little centre gripping axle shaft class parts machining, its characterized in that:

the jig includes: the main shaft center (2), the clamp body (3) and the tailstock auxiliary clamping device;

The clamp comprises a clamp body (3), a main shaft center (2) and a clamping device, wherein the clamp body (3) is arranged on a main shaft of the equipment, the main shaft center (2) is arranged in the main shaft of the equipment, and a through hole for the main shaft center (2) to horizontally pass through is formed in the center of the clamp body (3);

the tailstock auxiliary clamping device is used for machining the small-clamping journal shaft part according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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