CN216955778U

CN216955778U - PCB appearance detection machine

Info

Publication number: CN216955778U
Application number: CN202220125020.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈志强; 姚正贵; 钟建权; 许剑锋
Original assignee: Guangdong Songmao Weishi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Songmao Weishi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-18
Filing date: 2022-01-18
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-18

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit board detection, and particularly discloses a PCB appearance detector. This PCB outward appearance detects machine includes the rack, is equipped with feed mechanism, detection mechanism and discharge mechanism on the rack in proper order, and feed mechanism and detection mechanism's top still is equipped with positioning mechanism, and feed mechanism moves the PCB of external input detection mechanism and detects and outwards export by discharge mechanism, wherein: the detection mechanism comprises a rack, a compression roller assembly arranged on the rack and used for conveying and compressing the PCB, and a first image capturing assembly arranged above the rack and a second image capturing assembly arranged below the rack. According to the utility model, the compression roller assembly is arranged between the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism, so that the PCB is stably transmitted to the detection mechanism and then is taken for picture, the image acquisition is stable, the detection result is accurate and reliable, the working efficiency of PCB appearance detection is improved, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the whole equipment is simple in structural design, convenient and practical.

Description

PCB outward appearance detects machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit board detection, in particular to a PCB appearance detector.

Background

The PCB is also called as a printed circuit board, and is a conductive pattern formed by performing copper cladding on an insulating substrate, printing a pre-designed conductive circuit by using chemical liquid, and performing printing processes such as green oil layer insulating material covering, component identifier and the like. At present, a common PCB appearance detection method for manufacturing enterprises is mainly AOI (Automated Optical Inspection abbreviation), which is called automatic Optical detection in chinese, and is a device for detecting common defects encountered in PCB welding production based on an Optical principle. In the automatic optical detection process, the machine automatically scans the PCB through the camera, acquires images, compares the tested welding spots with qualified parameters in the database, inspects the defects on the PCB through image processing, and displays and marks the defects through a display or an automatic mark for maintenance personnel to repair.

The existing AOI equipment mainly adopts two modes of feeding and discharging, one mode is that feeding and discharging are carried out manually, each person only can operate one equipment, and the equipment is in a shutdown state when no person exists, so that the mode is high in labor intensity, low in detection efficiency and incapable of meeting the requirements of modern production; the other is the assembly line work mode that adopts conveyer belt or roller bearing, and this kind of mode can realize the automatic on-line measuring of PCB, nevertheless because PCB can be along with equipment emergence vibration in the forward movement process, the PCB that is located on the conveying platform shifts easily and rocks, leads to the camera to gather the image unstability, and the outward appearance testing result is inaccurate, the condition of probably taking place the false report. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design a PCB appearance inspection machine with high inspection efficiency, stable performance, and capability of accurately judging appearance defects.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a PCB appearance detector which comprises a cabinet, wherein a feeding mechanism, a detection mechanism and a discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the cabinet, a positioning mechanism is also arranged above the feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism, the feeding mechanism transfers PCB input from the outside to the detection mechanism for detection, and the PCB is output outwards by the discharging mechanism, wherein:

the detection mechanism comprises a rack, a compression roller assembly arranged on the rack and used for conveying and compressing the PCB, and a first image capturing assembly arranged above the rack and a second image capturing assembly arranged below the rack.

Further, the compression roller assembly comprises a compression roller support arranged on the upper end face of the frame, a plurality of upper compression roller cylinders, a plurality of lower compression roller cylinders and a first sensor, the upper compression roller cylinders are driven to move up and down, a first driving assembly drives the plurality of lower compression roller cylinders to rotate, and the first sensor is symmetrically arranged at the front end portion and the rear end portion of the compression roller support.

Furthermore, the first image capturing assembly comprises a first mounting frame, a plurality of first cameras and a first coaxial linear light source arranged right below the first cameras, the second image capturing assembly comprises a second mounting frame, a plurality of second cameras and a second coaxial linear light source arranged right above the second cameras, the plurality of first cameras can move in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the first mounting frame, and the plurality of second cameras can move in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the second mounting frame.

Further, feed mechanism includes the feeding support, sets up a plurality of feeding cylinders, second sensor on the feeding support to and drive a plurality of feeding cylinders pivoted third drive assembly.

Furthermore, the upper end surface of the feeding roller is flush with the upper end surface of the lower pressure roller.

Further, positioning mechanism includes the level and fixes PCB's first locating component in the middle and blocks PCB and move the second locating component forward, and first locating component is fixed to be set up in feed mechanism's top, and the fixed setting of second locating component is in compression roller assembly's top.

Furthermore, first location subassembly includes location guide rail, setting element, a plurality of third inductor and driving motor, and the setting element symmetry sets up on the guide rail of location, and a plurality of third inductors are fixed to be set up on the setting element, and the setting element that driving motor drive symmetry set up is synchronous to the sliding in opposite directions on the guide rail of location, makes the PCB that is located feed mechanism move forward between two parties.

Further, the second locating component is fixedly arranged on the compression roller component, the second locating component comprises a locating rack, a compression cylinder and a fourth inductor, the compression cylinder and the fourth inductor are fixedly arranged on the locating rack, the baffle is fixedly connected with the compression cylinder, and the compression cylinder drives the baffle to penetrate through the compression roller component to move up and down.

Further, the first camera and the second camera are both CCD cameras.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the PCB appearance detection machine, the compression roller assembly is arranged between the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism, so that a PCB is stably transmitted to the detection mechanism and then is imaged and photographed, the image is stably acquired, the detection result is accurate and reliable, the working efficiency of PCB appearance detection is improved, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the whole equipment is simple in structural design, convenient and practical.

(2) According to the detection mechanism of the PCB appearance detector, the first image capturing assembly and the second image capturing assembly are respectively arranged above and below the compression roller assembly, so that simultaneous image capturing detection of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the PCB is realized, the operation procedure is simplified, and time and labor are saved.

(3) According to the PCB appearance detector, the positioning mechanism is arranged, so that the externally input PCB is transmitted to the detection mechanism to be detected through the feeding mechanism in the middle, the accuracy of the detection mechanism for collecting images is guaranteed, the accurate positioning of the automatic input of the PCB is realized, and the manual monitoring cost is saved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of a detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first positioning assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein: 1-cabinet, 2-feeding mechanism, 21-feeding bracket, 22-feeding roller, 23-second sensor, 24-third driving component, 3-detection mechanism, 31-frame, 32-press roller component, 320-press roller bracket, 321-upper press roller, 322-lower press roller, 323-first sensor, 324-first driving component, 325-second driving component, 33-first image-taking component, 330-first mounting rack, 331-first camera, 332-first coaxial linear light source, 34-second mounting rack, 340-second mounting rack, 341-second camera, 342-second coaxial linear light source, 4-discharging mechanism, 5-positioning mechanism, 51-first positioning component, 510-a positioning guide rail, 511-a positioning piece, 513-a driving motor, 52-a second positioning component, 520-a positioning frame, 521-a compression cylinder, 522-a fourth inductor, 523-a baffle and 6-a PCB.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a PCB appearance inspection machine, which includes a cabinet 1, wherein the cabinet 1 is sequentially provided with a feeding mechanism 2, an inspection mechanism 3 and a discharging mechanism 4, a positioning mechanism 5 is further provided above the feeding mechanism 2 and the inspection mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 2 transfers externally input PCBs to the inspection mechanism 3 for inspection, and the PCBs are externally output by the discharging mechanism 4, wherein: the inspection mechanism 3 includes a frame 31, a roller assembly 32 disposed on the frame 31 for conveying and pressing the PCB, and a first image taking assembly 33 and a second image taking assembly 34 disposed above and below the frame 31, respectively.

In the embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2, the detection mechanism 3 and the discharging mechanism 4 which are sequentially connected are arranged, so that a plurality of PCBs which are input from the outside are output by the discharging mechanism 4 after entering the detection mechanism 3 through the feeding mechanism 2 to be detected in a full-automatic uninterrupted manner, the working efficiency of the whole PCB appearance detection process is high, and the labor intensity is low; the compression roller assembly 32 can compress the PCB input by the feeding mechanism 2 for transmission, and performs image contrast detection analysis after simultaneously picking up the images of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the PCB by the first picking up assembly 33 and the second picking up assembly 34 which are respectively arranged from top to bottom, so that the detection result is high in accuracy and less in time consumption. This structural design has improved the work efficiency that the PCB outward appearance detected, has reduced because get for instance the PCB outward appearance that leads to and has detected the misstatement rate, whole equipment simple structure, convenient and practical.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the pressure roller assembly 32 includes a pressure roller frame 320 disposed on the upper end surface of the frame 31, a plurality of upper pressure roller cylinders 321 disposed on the pressure roller frame 320, a plurality of lower pressure roller cylinders 322, a first sensor 323, a first driving assembly 324 for driving the upper pressure roller cylinders 321 to move up and down, and a second driving assembly 325 for driving the plurality of lower pressure roller cylinders 322 to rotate, wherein the first sensor 323 is symmetrically disposed on the front and rear ends of the pressure roller frame 320. The first sensor 323 arranged symmetrically in front and back is used for detecting the position information of the PCB entering the detecting mechanism 3, and transmits a signal to a control mechanism (not shown in the figure) through the first sensor 323, and the control mechanism controls the first driving component 324 and the second driving component 325 to work respectively, so as to realize the compressing and transmitting operations of the PCB, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the images collected by the first image capturing component 33 and the second image capturing component 34.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment, the first image capturing assembly 33 includes a first mounting frame 330, four first cameras 331, and a first coaxial linear light source 332 disposed directly below the first cameras 331, the second image capturing assembly 34 includes a second mounting frame 340, four second cameras 341, and a second coaxial linear light source 342 disposed directly above the second cameras 341, the first cameras 331 are movable along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the first mounting frame 330, the second cameras 341 are movable along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the second mounting frame 340, and the horizontal direction of the first mounting frame 330 and the second mounting frame 340 are respectively provided with a transverse sliding rail. In actual use, an operator can adjust the horizontal positions and the distances between the first camera 331 and the second camera 341 according to actual needs to ensure the accuracy of the image capturing position. Meanwhile, in order to obtain the best PCB image to be measured, the present invention sets the first coaxial linear light source 332 and the second coaxial linear light source 342 as auxiliary lights, so that the first camera 331 and the second camera 341 can collect clear PCB images. According to the utility model, the first coaxial linear light source 332 and the second coaxial linear light source 342 both adopt high-brightness LED light sources, and the light emitted by the structure is uniform, so that high-brightness diffused illumination can be realized, and the influence of shadow and reflection on images is reduced.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding support 21, a plurality of feeding rollers 22 disposed on the feeding support 21, a second sensor 23, and a third driving component 24 for driving the plurality of feeding rollers 22 to rotate, the front end of the feeding mechanism 2 is connected to an external docking device, thereby realizing uninterrupted PCB transfer, the second sensor 23 is located at the foremost end of the feeding mechanism 2, and is configured to detect position information of an externally input PCB board, and send a signal to the control mechanism, so that the control mechanism controls the third driving component 24 to operate, and further drives the PCB to move forward. Discharging mechanism 4 is roughly the same with the structure of feed mechanism 2 in this embodiment, can also set up code spraying mechanism on discharging mechanism 4, exports after spouting the code mark to the PCB after detecting.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the upper end surface of the feed roller 22 and the upper end surface of the lower roller drum 322 are flush in this embodiment. After entering the feeding roller 22, the external input PCB is directly conveyed to the lower pressure roller 322 by the third driving assembly 24, and the whole conveying process is continuous and uninterrupted.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6, the positioning mechanism 5 in this embodiment includes a first positioning assembly 51 for horizontally centering and fixing the PCB and a second positioning assembly 52 for blocking the PCB from moving forward, the first positioning assembly 51 is fixedly disposed above the feeding mechanism 2, and the second positioning assembly 52 is fixedly disposed above the pressing roller assembly 32.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the first positioning assembly 51 includes a positioning rail 510 and is specifically positioned, as shown in fig. 6, the first positioning assembly includes a positioning rail 510, a positioning member 511, a plurality of third sensors 512 and a driving motor 513, the positioning members 511 are symmetrically disposed on the positioning rail 510, the plurality of third sensors 512 are fixedly disposed on the positioning member 511, and the driving motor 513 drives the symmetrically disposed positioning members 511 to synchronously slide on the positioning rail 510 in opposite directions, so that the PCB located on the feeding mechanism 2 moves forward in the center. In this embodiment, there are four third sensors 512, and one third sensor 512 is disposed at each of the front and rear ends of each positioning member 511. In actual operation, the externally inputted PCB is not centered after entering the feeding mechanism 2, the positioning members 511 at the two ends of the guide rail 510 slide inwards synchronously and oppositely under the action of the driving motor 513, and the third sensor 512 is a mechanical micro-switch, which generates a sensing signal when being pressed to the two sides of the PCB and sends the sensing signal to the control mechanism (not shown in the figure) to stop the sliding of the positioning members 511 at the two sides. According to the utility model, by arranging the first positioning assembly, the PCB positioned on the feeding mechanism 2 can be moved to the detection mechanism in the center and forwards, so that the accuracy of an image acquisition position is ensured.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, the second positioning assembly 52 is fixedly disposed on the pressing roller assembly 32, the second positioning assembly 52 includes a positioning frame 520, a compression cylinder 521 fixedly disposed on the positioning frame 520, a fourth sensor 522, and a baffle 523 fixedly connected to the compression cylinder 521, the compression cylinder 521 drives the baffle 523 to move up and down through the pressing roller assembly 32, and the positioning frame 520 is located above the pressing roller assembly 32 near the middle position. In actual work, the control mechanism drives the baffle 523 to move up and down to release or intercept the PCBs by controlling the compression cylinder 521, so that the PCBs can enter the detection mechanism 3 in order, and the front PCB and the rear PCB are prevented from being overlapped and detected to influence a detection result.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first camera 331 and the second camera 341 in the present embodiment are both CCD cameras. The utility model does not limit the type and brand of the camera, and preferably, the CCD industrial camera with good color reproduction, stable image and high resolution is selected in the embodiment.

Before carrying out outward appearance to PCB and detecting, need link to each other PCB outward appearance detection machine's feed mechanism 2 and discharge mechanism 4 with outside butt joint equipment respectively, PCB outward appearance detection machine's theory of operation as follows:

firstly, a first PCB on external docking equipment is fed in through the feeding mechanism 2, after the second sensor 23 detects the front end of the first PCB, the third driving component 24 starts to work and drives the feeding roller 22 to rotate, so that the first PCB moves forwards until the first PCB enters the detection mechanism 3, and meanwhile, the driving motor 513 drives the two positioning pieces 511 to synchronously slide towards each other on the positioning guide rail 510 until the PCB moves forwards in the middle; then, the first sensor 323 located on the detection mechanism 3 detects the front end of the first PCB, the first driving assembly 324 and the second driving assembly 325 start to work, and respectively move the upper pressure roller 321 downward and rotate the lower pressure roller 322, so as to realize the forward pressing movement of the first PCB, and at the same time, the first image capturing assembly 33 and the second image capturing assembly 34 perform image acquisition on the upper and lower surfaces of the PCB, and send the image information to the control mechanism for comparative analysis; and finally, outputting the first PCB after passing through the discharging mechanism 4, and finishing the appearance detection of the first PCB at the moment. In the process, in order to ensure that the plurality of PCBs are continuously input continuously without interruption and folding, after the second PCB is moved to the detection mechanism 3 through the feeding mechanism 2, the fourth sensor 522 detects the front end of the second PCB, the compression cylinder 521 in the second positioning assembly 52 drives the baffle 523 to move downwards, the second PCB cannot pass through the baffle 523 at the moment, until the first PCB is moved out, the compression cylinder 521 drives the baffle 523 to move upwards, and the second PCB passes through the baffle 523 and then is subjected to subsequent appearance detection operation. With the circulation, continuous and uninterrupted appearance detection work of a plurality of PCBs is realized.

The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description herein should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the utility model, and that various modifications to the above-described embodiments, which would occur to persons skilled in the art upon reading this description, are within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a PCB outward appearance detects machine, includes rack (1), its characterized in that, be equipped with feed mechanism (2), detection mechanism (3) and discharge mechanism (4) on rack (1) in proper order, the top of feed mechanism (2) and detection mechanism (3) still is equipped with positioning mechanism (5), feed mechanism (2) are transferred detection mechanism (3) with the PCB of outside input and are detected and outwards exported by discharge mechanism (4), wherein:

the detection mechanism (3) comprises a machine frame (31), a compression roller assembly (32) arranged on the machine frame (31) and used for conveying and compressing PCBs, and a first image capturing assembly (33) and a second image capturing assembly (34) which are respectively arranged above the machine frame (31) and below the machine frame (31).

2. The PCB appearance inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein the platen roller assembly (32) comprises a platen roller holder (320) disposed on the upper end surface of the frame (31), a plurality of upper platen rollers (321), a plurality of lower platen rollers (322), and a first sensor (323) disposed on the platen roller holder (320), and a first driving assembly (324) for driving the upper platen rollers (321) to move up and down and a second driving assembly (325) for driving the plurality of lower platen rollers (322) to rotate, wherein the first sensor (323) is symmetrically disposed on the front and rear end portions of the platen roller holder (320).

3. The PCB appearance inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein the first image capturing assembly (33) comprises a first mounting frame (330), a plurality of first cameras (331), and a first coaxial linear light source (332) disposed directly below the first cameras (331), the second image capturing assembly (34) comprises a second mounting frame (340), a plurality of second cameras (341), and a second coaxial linear light source (342) disposed directly above the second cameras (341), the plurality of first cameras (331) are movable in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction of the first mounting frame (330), and the plurality of second cameras (341) are movable in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction of the second mounting frame (340).

4. The PCB appearance detecting machine according to claim 2, wherein the feeding mechanism (2) comprises a feeding bracket (21), a plurality of feeding rollers (22) arranged on the feeding bracket (21), a second sensor (23), and a third driving assembly (24) for driving the plurality of feeding rollers (22) to rotate.

5. The PCB appearance inspection machine of claim 4, wherein an upper end surface of the feed roller (22) and an upper end surface of the lower pressure roller (322) are flush.

6. The PCB appearance inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism (5) comprises a first positioning component (51) for horizontally and centrally fixing the PCB and a second positioning component (52) for blocking the PCB from moving forward, the first positioning component (51) is fixedly arranged above the feeding mechanism (2), and the second positioning component (52) is fixedly arranged above the press roller component (32).

7. The PCB appearance inspection machine according to claim 6, wherein the first positioning assembly (51) comprises a positioning guide rail (510), a positioning member (511), a plurality of third sensors (512) and a driving motor (513), the positioning member (511) is symmetrically arranged on the positioning guide rail (510), the plurality of third sensors (512) are fixedly arranged on the positioning member (511), and the driving motor (513) drives the symmetrically arranged positioning member (511) to synchronously slide on the positioning guide rail (510) in opposite directions, so that the PCB on the feeding mechanism (2) moves forwards in the center.

8. The PCB appearance detecting machine according to claim 6, wherein the second positioning assembly (52) is fixedly arranged on the compression roller assembly (32), the second positioning assembly (52) comprises a positioning frame (520), a compression cylinder (521) fixedly arranged on the positioning frame (520), a fourth sensor (522), and a baffle plate (523) fixedly connected with the compression cylinder (521), and the compression cylinder (521) drives the baffle plate (523) to move up and down through the compression roller assembly (32).

9. The PCB appearance inspection machine according to claim 3, wherein the first camera (331) and the second camera (341) are both CCD cameras.