CN216948514U - Energy-saving hydraulic system for bucket rod of excavator - Google Patents
Energy-saving hydraulic system for bucket rod of excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN216948514U CN216948514U CN202220088782.9U CN202220088782U CN216948514U CN 216948514 U CN216948514 U CN 216948514U CN 202220088782 U CN202220088782 U CN 202220088782U CN 216948514 U CN216948514 U CN 216948514U
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Abstract
The application relates to excavator technical field especially relates to an energy-conserving hydraulic system of excavator dipper, includes: the hydraulic control system comprises a bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, a main reversing valve, an energy-saving valve, a main oil inlet channel and a main oil return channel; wherein, the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the main oil inlet channel through a main reversing valve; a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a main oil return path through a main reversing valve; the energy-saving valve is communicated with a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, a working oil port of the energy-saving valve is larger than a working oil port of the main reversing valve, which is communicated with the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder can return oil through the energy-saving valve. Therefore, through the setting of the energy-saving valve, when the bucket is not contacted with the ground load, the back pressure of the small cavity of the bucket rod is cancelled, and the purpose of energy saving is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic system for a bucket rod of an excavator.
Background
In the existing excavator product hydraulic system, when a bucket does not contact ground load, a large cavity force F1 of an arm and self weight G1 of the arm act on a small cavity at the same time, the small cavity needs higher back pressure F2 to support a working device to prevent empty suction, the generation of the back pressure is pressure difference formed by hydraulic oil passing through an oil return port of a main valve spool, so that the size of the spool opening is strictly set, and F1+ G is F2 in any balance state;
when the bucket contacts with the ground load to carry out excavation, the load generates large resistance F3, at the moment, F1+ G is equal to F2+ F3 under any balance state, and the small cavity back pressure F2 does not change greatly in the action process, so F1 is increased instantly, and the whole machine is required to provide large energy.
The small chamber back pressure F2 is set only to satisfy the bucket lever suction prevention effect when the bucket is not in contact with the ground load, and when the bucket is in contact with the ground load to perform excavation work, the small chamber back pressure F2 is not useful, and also causes a large energy loss to the entire machine.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application aims to provide an energy-saving hydraulic system for a bucket rod of an excavator, which solves the technical problems that when a bucket in the prior art is contacted with a ground load to carry out excavating operation, the small cavity back pressure F2 is useless and large energy loss is generated on the whole excavator.
The application provides an energy-conserving hydraulic system of excavator dipper, includes: the hydraulic control system comprises a bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, a main reversing valve, an energy-saving valve, a main oil inlet channel and a main oil return channel;
the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the main oil inlet channel through the main reversing valve;
a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the main oil return path through the main reversing valve;
the energy-saving valve with the arm chamber that has of dipper pneumatic cylinder is linked together, just the working hydraulic fluid port of energy-saving valve is greater than the main directional control valve with the working hydraulic fluid port that has the arm chamber to be linked together of dipper pneumatic cylinder, the hydraulic oil that has the arm intracavity of dipper pneumatic cylinder can via the energy-saving valve oil return.
In the above technical solution, further, the energy-saving valve is communicated with an oil path between a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder and the main directional control valve.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the excavator bucket rod energy-saving hydraulic system further includes a pump body, and the pump body is communicated with the main directional control valve through a pipeline to form the main oil inlet passage.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the excavator boom energy-saving hydraulic system further includes a first oil return tank, and an inside of the first oil return tank is communicated with the main directional control valve through a pipeline to form the main oil return path.
In any one of the above technical solutions, further, the excavator bucket rod energy-saving hydraulic system further includes a second oil return tank, and the energy-saving valve is communicated with the inside of the second oil return tank through a pipeline.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the main directional control valve is a pilot type directional control valve.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the main directional control valve includes a main valve and a pilot valve connected to each other, and the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder are respectively communicated with the main oil inlet path and the main oil return path corresponding to each other one by one through the main valve.
In any one of the above technical solutions, further, the energy-saving hydraulic system for the bucket rod of the excavator further includes a pilot hydraulic source storage box, and the interior of the pilot hydraulic source storage box is respectively communicated with the pilot valve and the pump body.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the main valve is a three-position four-way valve.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the pilot valve is a pilot handle.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is:
the energy-saving hydraulic system for the bucket rod of the excavator can realize the process of inward-closing excavation of the whole bucket rod, and comprises the following specific steps: hydraulic oil enters a rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder through the main reversing valve and pushes a piston rod to extend out, when a bucket does not contact ground load, the pressure of the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is low, a valve core of the energy-saving valve cannot overcome spring force and is in a closed state, and hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder passes through the main reversing valve and then passes through a main oil return path to perform oil return operation; when the bucket contacts with a ground load, the energy-saving valve detects that the pressure of a rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder rises, the valve core of the energy-saving valve is pushed to overcome the spring force to open, the valve core opening of the energy-saving valve is far larger than the valve core opening of the main reversing valve, and hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder preferentially returns oil through the valve core of the energy-saving valve.
In combination with the above, the characteristics of the whole bucket rod adduction excavation implementation process are as follows: when the bucket does not contact with the ground load, the pressure F1 of a rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder and the self weight G1 of the arm simultaneously act on a small cavity, the small cavity back pressure F2 supports the working device to prevent the working device from being sucked empty, and F1+ G is F2 in any balance state;
when the bucket contacts a ground load to perform an excavation operation, a large resistance F3 is generated by the load, and the pressure F1 in the rodless chamber rises, at which time the spool of the energy-saving valve opens, the back pressure F2 in the rod chamber rapidly falls, and it is considered that F2 approaches 0, and the pressure F1 in the rodless chamber falls in synchronization, and in any balanced state, F1+ G becomes F3, thereby saving energy.
Therefore, through the setting of the energy-saving valve, when the bucket is in contact with the ground load, the back pressure of a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is cancelled, and therefore the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the detailed description or the prior art description will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving hydraulic system for a bucket rod of an excavator, provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an excavator bucket and a stick hydraulic cylinder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (a horizontal line below the excavator bucket represents the ground).
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, 2-main reversing valve, 21-main valve, 22-pilot valve, 3-energy-saving valve, 4-pump body, 5-first oil return tank, 6-second oil return tank, 7-main oil inlet circuit, 8-main oil return circuit and 9-pilot hydraulic source storage tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
An excavator stick energy saving hydraulic system according to some embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy-saving hydraulic system for a bucket rod of an excavator, including: the hydraulic control system comprises a bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1, a main reversing valve 2, an energy-saving valve 3, a main oil inlet path 7 and a main oil return path 8;
wherein, the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the main oil inlet passage 7 through the main reversing valve 2, and the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected with the bucket;
a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with a main oil return path 8 through a main reversing valve 2;
the energy-saving valve 3 is communicated with a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1, a working oil port of the energy-saving valve 3 is larger than a working oil port of the main reversing valve 2, which is communicated with the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1, and hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 can return oil through the energy-saving valve 3.
Based on the structure described above, the whole bucket rod adduction excavation implementation process is as follows: hydraulic oil enters a rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 through the main reversing valve 2 and pushes a piston rod to extend out, when a bucket does not contact a ground load, the pressure of the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is low, a valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 cannot overcome spring force and is in a closed state, and hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 passes through the main reversing valve 2 and then passes through a main oil return path 8 to perform oil return operation; when the bucket contacts with a ground load, the energy-saving valve 3 detects that the pressure of a rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 rises, the valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 is pushed to overcome the spring force, the valve core is opened, the valve core opening of the energy-saving valve 3 is far larger than the valve core opening of the main reversing valve 2, and hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 preferentially returns through the valve core of the energy-saving valve 3.
By combining the above, the characteristics of the whole bucket rod adduction excavation implementation process are as follows: when the bucket does not contact with the ground load, the pressure F1 of the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 and the self weight G1 of the arm act on the small cavity at the same time, the back pressure F2 of the small cavity supports the working device to prevent the working device from being sucked empty, and F1+ G is F2 in any balance state;
when the bucket contacts the ground load to carry out excavation, large resistance F3 is generated by the load, pressure F1 in the rodless cavity rises, a valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 is opened at the moment, back pressure F2 in the rod cavity rapidly drops, F2 is considered to be close to 0, pressure F1 in the rodless cavity synchronously drops, and F1+ G is F3 in any balance state, so that energy saving is realized (note that the energy-saving valve 3 is named because of the function, and the structure of the energy-saving valve is explained below in detail).
It can be seen that through the setting of the energy-saving valve 3, when the bucket is not in contact with the ground load, the back pressure of the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is cancelled, so that the energy-saving purpose is achieved.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the excavator stick energy-saving hydraulic system further comprises a second oil return tank 6, and the energy-saving valve 3 is communicated with the interior of the second oil return tank 6 through a pipeline.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic oil returned from the energy-saving valve 3 can flow into the second oil return tank 6, so as to avoid pollution to the environment due to random discharge of the hydraulic oil into the environment, and the hydraulic oil can be reused, thereby being beneficial to saving energy and reducing cost.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the energy saving valve 3 is communicated with an oil passage between the rod chamber of the arm cylinder 1 and the main directional control valve 2.
In this embodiment, if the energy-saving valve 3 is directly connected to the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 through another pipeline, the cost input is increased due to the additional pipeline, and the additional space is occupied, which is not beneficial to the integrated and miniaturized design.
Further, preferably, the energy-saving valve 3 is a two-position two-way proportional sequence valve, and has three ports, namely, an oil inlet P0, an oil outlet Pr and a detection oil port Pi, the detection oil port Pi is communicated with a rodless cavity of the arm cylinder 1, so as to detect pressure change of the rodless cavity of the arm cylinder 1, the oil inlet P0 is communicated with an oil path between the rod cavity of the arm cylinder 1 and the main directional control valve 2, and the oil outlet Pr is communicated with the second oil return tank 6.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the main directional control valve 2 includes a main valve 21 and a pilot valve 22 connected, and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the arm cylinder 1 are respectively communicated with the main oil supply passage 7 and the main oil return passage 8 through the main valve 21.
In this embodiment, the pilot valve 22 is used as an auxiliary valve for controlling the main valve 21, and a pilot type control system is adopted, so that the response speed is high and the operation is more reliable.
Further, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the excavator arm energy-saving hydraulic system further includes a pilot hydraulic source storage tank 9, and the interior of the pilot hydraulic source storage tank 9 is respectively communicated with the pilot valve 22 and the pump body 4.
In this embodiment, the pump body 4 may pump hydraulic oil to the pilot hydraulic pressure source storage tank 9 as the pilot hydraulic pressure source.
Further, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the main valve 21 is a three-position four-way valve, and has four oil ports, specifically including an inlet port P, an oil return port T, an operating oil port a, and an operating oil port B, and the main valve 21 has three operating positions, specifically, by moving the valve core, the connection or disconnection of the different oil ports is realized.
Further, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the pilot valve 22 is a pilot handle, and an operator can push the valve core to operate by toggling the handle, so as to turn on or off the pilot oil path, and further drive the valve core of the main valve 21 to move.
Note that the valve core of the pilot valve 22 is formed with an oil inlet P2 and an oil return port T2, specifically, the oil inlet P2 of the pilot valve 22 is communicated with the pilot hydraulic source storage tank 9, and the oil return port T2 is also communicated with a third oil return tank.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the excavator stick energy-saving hydraulic system further includes a pump body 4, and the pump body 4 is communicated with the main directional control valve 2 through a pipeline to form a main oil inlet passage 7.
In this embodiment, specifically, in combination with the above description, the operator operates the handle to connect the pilot oil path, push the valve core of the main valve 21, send the hydraulic oil into the oil inlet P of the main valve 21 through the pump body 4, flow out through the working oil port a, and finally flow into the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1, and push the piston rod to extend. It can be seen that the pump body 4 mainly provides the power for oil circulation.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the excavator stick energy saving hydraulic system further includes a first oil return tank 5, and the inside of the first oil return tank 5 is communicated with the main directional control valve 2 through a pipeline to form a main oil return path 8.
In this embodiment, specifically, in the oil return process, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the arm cylinder 1 enters the main valve 21 through the working oil port B of the main valve 21, and finally flows out of the oil return port T and enters the first oil return tank 5, thereby completing the oil return process.
In summary, the working principle of the energy-saving hydraulic system with the excavator bucket rod is as follows:
in the process of the whole bucket rod inward contraction excavation, an operator operates a pilot handle, a pilot oil path is communicated to push a valve core of a main valve 21 to move, hydraulic oil of a pump body 4 enters the main valve 21 through an oil inlet P of the main valve 21, finally flows out through a working oil port A, finally enters a rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1, a piston rod is pushed to extend out, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 enters the valve core of the main valve 21 through a working oil port B, and flows out through an oil return port T of the main valve 21, and finally returns to a first oil return tank 5, so that the whole oil supply process of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 1 is completed.
Wherein, an operator operates the pilot handle, connects the pilot oil path to push the valve core of the main valve 21 to move, and the hydraulic oil of the pump body 4 enters the main valve 21 through the oil inlet P of the main valve 21, finally flows out through the working oil port a, and finally enters the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 to push the piston rod to extend out, and when the bucket is not in contact with the ground load, the pressure of the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 is small, the valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 cannot overcome the spring force and is in a closed state, the hydraulic oil of the rod cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 passes through the working oil port B of the main valve 21, passes through the valve core of the main valve 21, and finally returns to the first oil return tank 5 through the oil return port T of the main valve 21; when the bucket contacts with a ground load, the Pi port of the energy-saving valve 3 detects that the pressure of the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 rises, the valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 is pushed to overcome the spring force to open, the valve core opening of the energy-saving valve 3 is far larger than the valve core opening of the main valve 21, namely the working oil port, and hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 preferentially passes through the P0 port of the valve core of the energy-saving valve 3 and returns to the second oil return tank 6 through the Pr port.
The characteristics of the whole bucket rod adduction excavation implementation process are as follows: when the bucket is not in contact with the ground load, the pressure F1 of the rodless cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 and the self weight G1 of the arm act on the small cavity at the same time, the back pressure F2 of the rod cavity of the arm hydraulic cylinder 1 supports the working device to prevent the working device from being sucked empty, and F1+ G is F2 in any balance state; when the bucket is brought into contact with a ground load to perform an excavation operation, a large resistance F3 is generated by the load, the pressure F1 of the rodless chamber of the arm cylinder 1 rises, the valve element of the energy-saving valve 6 3 opens at this time, the back pressure F2 of the rod chamber of the arm cylinder 1 rapidly falls, it is considered that F2 approaches 0, the large chamber force F1 falls synchronously, and F1+ G becomes F3 in any balanced state, thereby saving energy.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving hydraulic system of excavator dipper, its characterized in that includes: the hydraulic control system comprises a bucket rod hydraulic cylinder, a main reversing valve, an energy-saving valve, a main oil inlet channel and a main oil return channel;
the rodless cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the main oil inlet channel through the main reversing valve;
a rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the main oil return path through the main reversing valve;
the energy-saving valve with the arm chamber that has of dipper pneumatic cylinder is linked together, just the working hydraulic fluid port of energy-saving valve is greater than the main directional control valve with the working hydraulic fluid port that has the arm chamber to be linked together of dipper pneumatic cylinder, the hydraulic oil that has the arm intracavity of dipper pneumatic cylinder can via the energy-saving valve oil return.
2. The excavator arm energy-saving hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the energy-saving valve is in communication with an oil path between the rod chamber of the arm cylinder and the main directional control valve.
3. The energy-saving hydraulic system of the excavator bucket rod of claim 1 further comprising a pump body in communication with the main directional control valve through a pipeline to form the main oil inlet passage.
4. The energy-saving hydraulic system of the excavator stick of claim 1, further comprising a first oil return tank, wherein the interior of the first oil return tank is communicated with the main directional control valve through a pipeline to form the main oil return path.
5. The energy-saving hydraulic system of the excavator bucket rod of claim 1, further comprising a second oil return tank, wherein the energy-saving valve is communicated with the interior of the second oil return tank through a pipeline.
6. The excavator stick energy efficient hydraulic system of claim 3, wherein the main directional control valve is a pilot operated directional control valve.
7. The energy-saving hydraulic system of the bucket rod of the excavator as claimed in claim 6, wherein the main directional control valve comprises a main valve and a pilot valve which are connected, and the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the bucket rod hydraulic cylinder are respectively communicated with the main oil inlet channel and the main oil return channel which are in one-to-one correspondence through the main valve.
8. The energy-saving hydraulic system for the bucket rod of the excavator as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a pilot hydraulic source storage tank, wherein the interior of the pilot hydraulic source storage tank is communicated with the pilot valve and the pump body respectively.
9. The excavator stick energy saving hydraulic system of claim 7, wherein the main valve is a three-position four-way valve.
10. The excavator stick energy efficient hydraulic system of claim 7, wherein the pilot valve is a pilot handle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220088782.9U CN216948514U (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Energy-saving hydraulic system for bucket rod of excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220088782.9U CN216948514U (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Energy-saving hydraulic system for bucket rod of excavator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216948514U true CN216948514U (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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| CN202220088782.9U Active CN216948514U (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Energy-saving hydraulic system for bucket rod of excavator |
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