CN211778291U - Multi-way valve of excavator - Google Patents
Multi-way valve of excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN211778291U CN211778291U CN202020051422.2U CN202020051422U CN211778291U CN 211778291 U CN211778291 U CN 211778291U CN 202020051422 U CN202020051422 U CN 202020051422U CN 211778291 U CN211778291 U CN 211778291U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an excavator multi-way valve, which comprises an integrated bucket rod duplex joint, a movable arm duplex joint, a bucket rod duplex joint and a rotary joint; in the multi-way valve, an oil inlet of the rotary union is connected with an oil inlet of the movable arm union through a first confluence union oil path, and the first confluence union oil path enables a second control loop and a third control loop to be converged in front of the control valve of the movable arm union; the working oil port of the movable arm one-link and the working oil port of the movable arm two-link are connected to the movable arm oil cylinder after being converged by the movable arm confluence oil path; and the working oil port of the bucket rod duplex connection are connected to the bucket rod oil cylinder after being converged by the bucket rod confluence oil circuit. The utility model discloses the high not enough of lifting arm, the problem that the lifting arm speed is too slow when having improved gyration lifting arm combined action has improved wheeled excavator's work efficiency, has reduced energy loss, fuel consumption sparingly works.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to excavator hydraulic pressure technique, concretely relates to excavator multiple unit valve.
Background
The wheel type excavator has the characteristics of high walking speed, no damage to a road surface, capability of driving and transferring in a long distance and quickly replacing various operation devices, and is widely applied to the aspects of digging and moving materials such as municipal maintenance engineering, road traffic construction, quick rush repair and the like. The main control valve group serving as a control core control unit of the wheel excavator is a hydraulic multi-way control valve with highly integrated functions and multiple compound actions.
When the excavator carries out loading operation, the operation action is generally a lifting arm rotation composite action, generally, a movable arm needs large flow when being lifted, the first main pump and the second main pump are used for confluence oil supply, the rotation needs large torque and small flow, the third main pump is used for supplying oil, the rotation angle of the loading operation is about 90 degrees, the loading rotation is mainly in an acceleration stage, and the third main pump is in an overflow state, so that energy loss is caused. And first main pump, second main pump and third main pump are total power control, and the overflow of third main pump makes effective power reduce by a wide margin, and the lifting arm height is not enough, and the speed of lifting arm obviously slows down, has worsened energy loss. When the single lifting arm action or the inward and outward swinging actions of the bucket rod are carried out, the operation efficiency is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a technical problem be: aiming at the defects of large energy loss and low operation efficiency of the existing wheel type excavator in composite action, the improved excavator multi-way valve is provided.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
a multi-way valve of an excavator comprises an integrally arranged bucket rod duplex 1, a movable arm duplex 3, a movable arm duplex 4, a bucket rod duplex 5 and a rotation duplex 7;
the multi-way valve is at least provided with a first pressure oil port, a second pressure oil port and a third pressure oil port, and the first pressure oil port, the second pressure oil port and the third pressure oil port are respectively connected with a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump of the excavator;
in the multi-way valve, control valves of the arm double-link 1 and the boom first-link 3 are positioned on a first control loop connected with a first pressure oil port, control valves of the boom double-link 4 and the arm first-link 5 are positioned on a second control loop connected with a second pressure oil port, and a control valve of the rotation link 7 is positioned on a third control loop connected with a third pressure oil port;
an oil inlet of the rotary union 7 is connected with an oil inlet of the movable arm duplex 4 through a first confluence union oil path 100, a second control loop and a third control loop are converged in front of a control valve of the movable arm duplex by the first confluence union oil path 100, redundant flow of a third main pump is introduced into the control of a movable arm oil cylinder, the lifting speed of the movable arm is accelerated while rotating, and because a lifting arm needs certain pressure, the rotary driving torque cannot be greatly reduced, the system power is not wasted, the rotation composite action coordination of the lifting arm is good, and the working efficiency of the excavator is improved and the oil consumption is reduced;
the working oil port of the movable arm one-link 3 and the working oil port of the movable arm two-link 4 are connected to a movable arm oil cylinder after being converged through a movable arm confluence oil way;
and the working oil port of the bucket rod duplex 1 and the working oil port of the bucket rod duplex 5 are connected to the bucket rod oil cylinder after being converged through the bucket rod confluence oil path.
Further, the first confluence oil path, the movable arm confluence oil path and the arm confluence oil path are all provided with one-way valves.
Furthermore, the movable arm confluence connecting oil way is communicated with a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder, the other end of the movable arm confluence connecting oil way is respectively connected to a working oil port of the movable arm one-connection 3 and a working oil port of the movable arm two-connection 4, and the first control loop and the second control loop are converged to a large cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder, so that the arm lifting action efficiency is improved, and the oil consumption is reduced.
Further, the arm confluence oil circuit comprises a third confluence oil circuit 300 and a fourth confluence oil circuit 400, one ends of the third confluence oil circuit 300 and the fourth confluence oil circuit 400 are respectively communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the arm cylinder, the other ends of the third confluence oil circuit 300 and the fourth confluence oil circuit 400 are respectively connected to two working oil ports of the arm duplex 1 and two working oil ports of the arm duplex 5 in pairs, and a first control circuit and a second control circuit are converged to the rod cavity of the arm cylinder during the arm inside retracting action; when the bucket rod swings outwards, the first control loop and the second control loop are converged to a rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, so that the action efficiency is improved, and the oil consumption is reduced.
Further, a bucket linkage 2 is further integrated, and a control valve of the bucket linkage 2 is located on a first control loop connected with the first pressure oil port.
Furthermore, an auxiliary link 6 is further integrated, and a control valve of the auxiliary link 6 is simultaneously located on a second control loop connected with the second pressure oil port and a third control loop connected with the third pressure oil port.
In the multi-way valve of the excavator, the multi-way valve is also provided with an idle speed detection pressure oil port, the idle speed detection pressure oil port forms an automatic idle speed detection loop in the multi-way valve, the automatic idle speed detection loop connects all control valves connected in series in the multi-way valve, a pressure signal detection oil port communicated with the automatic idle speed detection loop is arranged on the multi-way valve, the pressure signal is connected to the engine rotating speed control module in a feedback manner to realize the automatic idle speed function of the multi-way valve of the wheel type excavator, when the excavator waits for some supporting equipment and auxiliary equipment to work, the temporary standby is needed, all actions are stopped, all operating handles are in the middle position, the middle position state of each control valve of the excavator is automatically detected, the rotating speed of an engine in the idling state is reduced, and the requirement that all actions are stopped for temporary waiting in the operation process of the excavator can be met.
The utility model adopts the above technical scheme have following beneficial effect:
(1) the coordination of the rotation action of the lifting arm is good, and the height of the lifting arm is obviously increased; (2) the movable arm flow-combining oil way is arranged, so that the movable arm operation efficiency is improved, and the energy loss is reduced; (3) the bucket rod confluence oil way is arranged, so that the bucket rod operation efficiency is improved, and the energy loss is reduced; (4) the idling pressure signal detection circuit is provided, the automatic idling function is realized, and the oil consumption is saved.
To sum up, the utility model discloses can guarantee that excavator gyration, swing arm, dipper and scraper bowl move separately respectively, also can mutually support and carry out compound action, the high not enough of jib when having improved gyration jib compound action, the problem that the jib speed is too slow has improved wheeled excavator's work efficiency, has reduced energy loss, fuel consumption sparingly works.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic circuit of a multi-way valve in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first control circuit connected with a first main pump in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a second control circuit connected with a second main pump in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a third control circuit connected with a third main pump in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the oil supply circuit for the combined operation of the lifting arm rotation.
Fig. 6 is a boom confluence oil supply line diagram in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a combined oil supply line in the arm in the embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an oil supply line of the swing-out flow of the arm in the embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an automatic idle detection oil passage in the embodiment.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-arm linkage, 2-bucket linkage, 3-boom linkage, 4-boom linkage, 5-arm linkage, 6-auxiliary linkage, 7-swing linkage, 100-first confluence oil circuit, 200-second confluence oil circuit, 300-third confluence oil circuit, 400-fourth confluence oil circuit, and 500-automatic idle detection circuit.
Detailed Description
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the multi-way valve in the figure is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-way valve of this embodiment is integrated with an arm couple 1, a bucket couple 2, a boom couple 3, a boom couple 4, an arm couple 5, an auxiliary couple 6 and a rotation couple 7, each couple is provided with a reversing control valve corresponding to an executing element, the specific structure of each control valve can refer to the hydraulic design of the existing excavator, and this embodiment is not described herein. The multi-way valve is further provided with a first pressure oil port P1, a second pressure oil port P2 and a third pressure oil port P3, the first pressure oil port P1 is connected with a first main pump through a pipeline outside the valve, the second pressure oil port P2 is connected with a second main pump through a pipeline outside the valve, and the third pressure oil port P3 is connected with a third main pump through a pipeline outside the valve. In addition, the multi-way valve is inevitably provided with a plurality of oil return ports for realizing the communication of the hydraulic circuit, such as oil return ports T1, T2 and T3 in FIG. 1.
In the multi-way valve, control valves of an arm linkage 1, a bucket linkage 2 and a boom linkage 3 are located on a first control loop connected with a first pressure port P1, hydraulic control of respective execution elements is realized by controlling a pressure oil path provided by a first main pump, control valves of a boom linkage 4, an arm linkage 5 and an auxiliary linkage 6 are located on a second control loop connected with a second pressure port P2, hydraulic control of respective execution elements is realized by controlling a pressure oil path provided by a second main pump, control valves of the auxiliary linkage 6 and a rotary linkage 7 are located on a third control loop connected with a third pressure port P3, and hydraulic control of respective execution elements is realized by controlling a pressure oil path provided by a third main pump.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the multi-way valve of the wheel excavator according to the present embodiment supplies oil by three variable displacement pumps, and has three control circuits inside. As shown by a thick solid line in fig. 2, in the first control circuit, when all the control valves of all the hydraulic excavator boom units are in the neutral position, oil supplied by the first main pump flows from the first pressure port P1, flows through the neutral position of the control valve of the boom unit 3, the neutral position of the control valve of the bucket unit 2 and the neutral position of the control valve of the arm unit 1, and then returns to the tank through the oil return port T3; as shown in the thickened implementation of fig. 3, in the second control circuit, when all the control valves of the two sub-systems are in the neutral position, oil supplied by the second main pump flows from the second pressure port P2 to the neutral position of the control valve of the boom two sub-system 4, the neutral position of the control valve of the arm one sub-system 5 and the neutral position of the control valve of the auxiliary system 6, and then returns to the tank through the oil return port T2; in the third control loop, as shown by the thickened implementation in fig. 4, when all the control valves of the main pump 3 are in the neutral position, oil supplied by the third main pump 3 flows from the third pressure port P3 to the neutral position of the control valve of the swing link 7, and flows to the tank through the return port T2 in the control valve of the auxiliary link 6.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5 in combination, when the multi-way valve of the wheel excavator of this embodiment performs an excavator boom swing compound operating condition, the internal oil path of the multi-way valve is as shown in the thickened implementation in fig. 5, when the control valve of the boom tandem 3, the control valve of the boom tandem 4 and the control valve of the swing link 7 are switched to the lower position simultaneously, oil supplied by the first main pump flows from the first pressure port P1, flows through the lower position of the control valve of the boom tandem 3, the boom anti-settling valve (prior art) to the rodless chamber of the boom cylinder, and then returns to the oil tank from the lower position of the control valve of the boom tandem 3 through the oil return port T1; oil supplied by the second main pump flows from a second pressure oil port P2 to flow through the lower position of the control valve of the boom double-link 4, then flows with pressure oil of the first main pump at a port B3 through a boom confluence oil circuit to flow into a rodless cavity of a boom oil cylinder, and then returns to the oil tank from the lower position of the control valve of the boom single-link 3 through an oil return port T1; part of oil supplied by the third main pump flows from a third pressure oil port P3 to flow through a control valve of the rotary union 7 to the rotary motor, then flows back to the oil tank through a return port T2 through the control valve of the rotary union 7, and simultaneously, the other part of pressure oil supplied by the third main pump flows back to the oil tank through an oil return port T1 after flowing through a third pressure oil port P3 and is shunted to the oil inlet of the control valve of the movable arm union 4 through a first confluence union oil path 100 to be converged with the pressure oil of the second main pump before flowing into the oil inlet of the control valve of the movable arm union 4, flows through the control valve of the movable arm union 4, the movable arm oil cylinder and the control valve of the movable arm union 3, so that the pressure oil in the lifting process of the movable arm is supplemented, the energy loss of the rotary combined working condition of the. The first confluence oil path 100 merges the second control circuit and the third control circuit in front of a control valve with double movable arms, introduces redundant flow of the third main pump into the control of the movable arm oil cylinder, accelerates the lifting speed of the movable arms while rotating, and has the advantages of no great reduction of rotation driving torque, no waste of system power, good rotation compound action coordination of the lifting arms, improvement of the operation efficiency of the excavator and reduction of oil consumption due to the fact that the lifting arms need certain pressure.
The working oil port of the first boom linkage 3 and the working oil port of the second boom linkage 4 are connected to the boom cylinder after being converged through the boom confluence linkage oil path, referring to fig. 1 and 6, the boom confluence linkage oil path of the present embodiment is a second confluence linkage oil path 200, one end of the second confluence linkage oil path 200 is communicated with the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder, the other end of the second confluence linkage oil path is communicated with one working oil port of the first boom linkage 3 and one working oil port of the second boom linkage 4 in a converging manner, and the first control loop and the second control loop are converged to the large cavity of the boom cylinder, so that the boom lifting operation efficiency is improved, and the oil consumption is reduced. When the multi-way valve of the wheel excavator of the embodiment performs an excavator boom lifting operation, as shown in the thickened implementation in fig. 6, the control valve of the boom tandem 3 and the control valve of the boom tandem 4 are both in the lower position, oil supplied by the first main pump flows through the control valve of the boom tandem 3 from the first pressure port P1 and flows to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder from the lower position, oil supplied by the second main pump flows through the control valve of the boom tandem 4 from the second pressure port P2 and is converged at the B3 with the oil of the first oil pump through the second converging and linking oil path 200, and the converged to the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder, so that the lifting operation efficiency is improved.
And the working oil port of the bucket rod duplex 1 and the working oil port of the bucket rod duplex 5 are connected to the bucket rod oil cylinder after being converged by the bucket rod confluence oil path. With combined reference to fig. 1, 7 and 8, the arm confluence oil line includes a third confluence oil line 300 and a fourth confluence oil line 400, one end of the third confluence oil line 300 is communicated with a rod cavity of the arm cylinder, the other end of the third confluence oil line is communicated with one of the working oil ports of the arm duplex 1 and one of the working oil ports of the arm duplex 5, one end of the fourth confluence oil line 400 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the arm cylinder, the other end of the fourth confluence oil line is communicated with the other working oil port of the arm duplex 1 and the other working oil port of the arm duplex 5, and the first control circuit and the second control circuit are converged to the rod cavity of the arm cylinder during the arm retraction; when the bucket rod swings outwards, the first control loop and the second control loop are converged to a rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, so that the action efficiency is improved, and the oil consumption is reduced.
The multi-way valve for the wheel excavator in the embodiment controls two actions of inward closing of the arm and outward swinging of the arm correspondingly. When the control arm is retracted, as shown by the thickened implementation in fig. 7, when the control valve of the arm one-linkage 5 and the control valve of the arm two-linkage 1 are both in the lower position, oil supplied by the first main pump flows from the first pressure oil port P1 to flow through the middle position of the control valve of the boom one-linkage 3, the middle position of the control valve of the bucket linkage 2 and the lower position of the control valve of the arm two-linkage 1 to enter the third converging-linkage oil path 300, oil supplied by the second main pump flows from the second pressure oil port P2 to flow through the middle position of the control valve of the boom two-linkage 4 and the lower position of the control valve of the arm one-linkage 5, and pressure oil of the two main pumps is communicated at the port B5 and converged to the rod-containing cavity of the arm cylinder, so that the operating efficiency of the arm retraction; when the arm swings outward, as shown in the thickened implementation in fig. 8, when the control valve of the arm one-link 5 and the control valve of the arm two-link 1 are in the upper position, oil supplied by the first main pump flows from the first pressure oil port P1 to the middle position of the control valve of the arm one-link 3, the middle position of the control valve of the bucket link 2 and the upper position of the control valve of the arm two-link 1 to the fourth confluence oil path 400, oil supplied by the second main pump flows from the second pressure oil port P2 to the middle position of the control valve of the arm two-link 4 and the upper position of the control valve of the arm one-link 5, and pressure oils of the two main pumps are communicated with each other at the port a5 and are converged to the rodless cavity of the arm cylinder, so that the operation efficiency of the arm swinging outward is improved.
In this embodiment, the first confluence oil path, the boom confluence oil path, and the arm confluence oil path are provided with check valves.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9, the multi-way valve of the excavator in this embodiment further includes an idle speed detection pressure port Pp, the idle speed detection pressure port Pp forms an automatic idle speed detection circuit 500 inside the multi-way valve, the automatic idle speed detection circuit 500 connects all control valve middle positions inside the multi-way valve in series, and a pressure signal detection port AI communicated with the automatic idle speed detection circuit is disposed on the multi-way valve, and a pressure sensor is mounted on the pressure signal detection port to detect a pressure of hydraulic oil in the automatic idle speed detection circuit, and the pressure signal is feedback-connected to the engine speed control module. As shown by the bold dashed line in fig. 9, the automatic idle detection circuit 500 in the present embodiment sequentially returns to the oil tank through the oil return port T2 via the control valve of the boom one link 3, the control valve of the bucket link 2, the control valve of the arm one link 5, the control valve of the auxiliary link 6, and the control valve of the swing link 7, and since the boom two links and the arm two links operate synchronously with the boom one link and the arm one link, respectively, there is no need to additionally monitor the operation of the control valves of the two links. Whether all control valves are in the middle position or not is detected through the pressure signal monitoring oil port AI, when the excavator waits for some corollary equipment and auxiliary equipment to work, the temporary standby is needed, when the excavator stops working temporarily, all control valves are in the middle position, the excavator enters an automatic idling state, the control engine is in a lower idling speed state, once the control valves act, the pressure inside the automatic idling detection loop 500 can be increased, the control engine recovers the working speed at the moment, and the effect of reducing oil consumption is achieved.
The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should not be construed as departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an excavator multiple unit valve which characterized in that: the device comprises an integrally arranged bucket rod duplex joint (1), a movable arm first joint (3), a movable arm duplex joint (4), a bucket rod first joint (5) and a rotary joint (7);
the multi-way valve is at least provided with a first pressure oil port, a second pressure oil port and a third pressure oil port, and the first pressure oil port, the second pressure oil port and the third pressure oil port are respectively connected with a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump of the excavator;
in the multi-way valve, control valves of the bucket rod duplex (1) and the movable arm primary link (3) are positioned on a first control loop connected with a first pressure oil port, control valves of the movable arm duplex (4) and the bucket rod primary link (5) are positioned on a second control loop connected with a second pressure oil port, and a control valve of the rotary link (7) is positioned on a third control loop connected with a third pressure oil port;
an oil inlet of the rotary union (7) is connected with an oil inlet of the movable arm union (4) through a first confluence union oil path (100);
the working oil port of the movable arm one-link (3) and the working oil port of the movable arm two-link (4) are connected to the movable arm oil cylinder after being converged through a movable arm confluence oil path;
and a working oil port of the bucket rod duplex joint (1) and a working oil port of the bucket rod primary joint (5) are connected to the bucket rod oil cylinder after being converged through the bucket rod confluence joint oil way.
2. The excavator multi-way valve of claim 1, wherein: and the first confluence oil circuit, the movable arm confluence oil circuit and the bucket rod confluence oil circuit are all provided with one-way valves.
3. The excavator multi-way valve of claim 2, wherein: and the movable arm confluence oil circuit is communicated with a rodless cavity of the movable arm oil cylinder, and the other end of the movable arm confluence oil circuit is respectively connected to a working oil port of the movable arm one-link (3) and a working oil port of the movable arm two-link (4).
4. The excavator multi-way valve of claim 3, wherein: the arm confluence oil circuit comprises a third confluence oil circuit (300) and a fourth confluence oil circuit (400), one ends of the third confluence oil circuit (300) and the fourth confluence oil circuit (400) are respectively communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the arm cylinder, and the other ends of the third confluence oil circuit and the fourth confluence oil circuit are respectively connected to two working oil ports of the arm duplex joint (1) and two working oil ports of the arm duplex joint (5).
5. The excavator multi-way valve of claim 1, wherein: and a bucket joint (2) is further integrated, and a control valve of the bucket joint (2) is positioned on a first control loop connected with the first pressure oil port.
6. The excavator multi-way valve of claim 1, wherein: and an auxiliary connector (6) is further integrated, and a control valve of the auxiliary connector (6) is simultaneously positioned on a second control loop connected with the second pressure oil port and a third control loop connected with the third pressure oil port.
7. The excavator multi-way valve of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the multi-way valve is further provided with an idle speed detection pressure oil port, the idle speed detection pressure oil port forms an automatic idle speed detection loop in the multi-way valve, the automatic idle speed detection loop enables all control valves connected in the multi-way valve to be communicated in series, a pressure signal detection oil port communicated with the automatic idle speed detection loop is arranged on the multi-way valve, and the pressure signal is connected to the engine rotating speed control module in a feedback mode.
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| CN202020051422.2U CN211778291U (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Multi-way valve of excavator |
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| CN202020051422.2U CN211778291U (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Multi-way valve of excavator |
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| CN211778291U true CN211778291U (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114351786A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏汇智高端工程机械创新中心有限公司 | Hydraulic main valve and system of ultra-large mining excavator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114351786A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏汇智高端工程机械创新中心有限公司 | Hydraulic main valve and system of ultra-large mining excavator |
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