CN216947223U - Carbon dioxide electrolysis device - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide electrolysis device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216947223U CN216947223U CN202220372232.XU CN202220372232U CN216947223U CN 216947223 U CN216947223 U CN 216947223U CN 202220372232 U CN202220372232 U CN 202220372232U CN 216947223 U CN216947223 U CN 216947223U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a carbon dioxide electrolysis device. The carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus includes an electrochemical electrolysis device and an absorption unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis device. The electrochemical electrolysis device is used for electrolyzing a cathode reactant and an anode reactant to respectively form a cathode mixture and an anode mixture. The cathode reactant comprises carbon dioxide or a bicarbonate or carbonate containing compound, the cathode mixture comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the anode mixture comprises oxygen. The absorption unit is used for processing the cathode mixture to separate out a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The carbon dioxide electrolysis device can reduce the greenhouse effect, and make the reduction product of the carbon dioxide simple and reusable.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide, and more particularly to an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide which can generate synthesis gas.
Background
Carbon dioxide gas generated by burning petrochemical materials is a main cause of the greenhouse effect. In order to alleviate the global warming problem, how to convert carbon dioxide gas into other reusable energy is one of the important research and development targets.
In the prior art, various techniques for reducing carbon dioxide are disclosed. One such technique is the combination of a photocatalyst with a water splitting system to reduce carbon dioxide in a manner similar to that of a plant photosynthesis system. Water is first decomposed by photocatalysis to generate hydrogen ions, and then the hydrogen ions are used for reducing carbon dioxide. However, this apparatus is a batch reactor and is not suitable for handling large amounts of carbon dioxide.
Another technique for reducing carbon dioxide is to dissolve carbon dioxide in an electrolyte solution and reduce the carbon dioxide by electrocatalysis (electrocatalysis). However, the diffusion capacity and concentration of carbon dioxide are affected by time, which in turn affects the conversion rate of carbon dioxide. In addition, the reduction product of carbon dioxide contains various hydrocarbons, such as methane, methanol, ethane, ethanol, acetic acid or ethylene, but not all of the products can be used as fuel or as base material for other chemicals, so that it needs to undergo multiple steps of separation and purification, resulting in the disadvantage of complicated steps.
Therefore, how to reduce carbon dioxide to alleviate the greenhouse effect and make the reduced product component of carbon dioxide simple and reusable has become one of the important issues to be solved by this business.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a carbon dioxide electrolysis device aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the utility model is to provide a carbon dioxide electrolysis device. The carbon dioxide electrolysis device comprises an electrochemical electrolysis device and an absorption unit, wherein the electrochemical electrolysis device is used for electrolyzing a cathode reactant and an anode reactant to respectively form a cathode mixture and an anode mixture. The cathode reactant comprises carbon dioxide or a bicarbonate or carbonate containing compound, and the cathode mixture comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The absorption unit is in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and is configured to process the cathode mixture to separate a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: a first reactant preparation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the absorption unit. The absorption unit is used for dividing the cathode mixture into a cathode gas product and a reflux liquid, the cathode gas product comprises synthesis gas, and the first reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the reflux liquid and providing cathode reactants to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: the first gas-liquid separation unit is communicated between the electrochemical electrolysis equipment and the absorption unit in a fluid manner; the first gas-liquid separation unit is used for dividing the cathode mixture into a cathode gas mixture and a cathode liquid mixture, and the absorption unit is used for processing the cathode gas mixture.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: a first liquid treatment unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus; the first liquid processing unit is used for processing the cathode liquid mixture to generate a first processing liquid and reflowing the first processing liquid to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: a first reactant preparation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the first liquid treatment unit; the first reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the first processing liquid and providing a cathode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: the second gas-liquid separation unit is in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis equipment; the second gas-liquid separation unit is used for dividing the anode mixture into an anode gas mixture and an anode liquid mixture.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: a second liquid treatment unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus; the second liquid processing unit is used for processing the anode liquid mixture to generate a second processing liquid and returning the second processing liquid to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
Preferably, the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide further comprises: a second reactant preparation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the second liquid treatment unit; the second reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the second treatment liquid and providing an anode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
Preferably, the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus comprises a plurality of electrolysis cells; each electrolysis unit comprises a cathode electrode positioned in a cathode chamber, an anode electrode positioned in an anode chamber and an ion exchange membrane clamped between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.
Preferably, the cathode chamber has an inlet for receiving the cathode reactant and an outlet for discharging the cathode mixture, and the anode chamber has an inlet for receiving the anode reactant and an outlet for discharging the anode mixture.
Preferably, the cathode chamber has an inlet for receiving the cathode reactant and two outlets for discharging the cathode mixture, and the anode chamber has an inlet for receiving the anode reactant and two outlets for discharging the anode mixture.
One of the advantages of the present invention is that the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus provided by the present invention can achieve the effect of decomposing carbon dioxide to generate syngas through the technical solutions of "electrochemical electrolysis equipment for electrolyzing cathode reactant and anode reactant" and "absorption unit for processing cathode mixture".
For a better understanding of the features and technical content of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of the utility model and accompanying drawings, which are provided for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the utility model.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an electrochemical electrolysis apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of an electrochemical electrolysis apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view of an electrochemical electrolysis apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a description of the embodiments of the "carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus" disclosed in the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the disclosure of the present specification. The utility model is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications and various changes in detail, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The drawings of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be drawn to scale. The following embodiments will further explain the related art of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "or" as used herein should be taken to include any one or combination of more of the associated listed items as the case may be.
The utility model provides a carbon dioxide electrolysis device which comprises an electrochemical electrolysis device and an absorption unit which are in fluid communication. Electrochemical electrolysis apparatus is used to reduce carbon dioxide to alleviate greenhouse effect problems and simultaneously produce commercially useful alkaline liquid products. The absorption unit is used for separating carbon dioxide and products after the reduction of the carbon dioxide so as to obtain high-content synthesis gas (mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), and the synthesis gas can be directly used as fuel or used as a basic raw material of other chemicals. In addition to synthesis gas, the gas phase products produced at the cathode may also include methane, ethane, ethylene, or mixtures thereof, but still contain synthesis gas as a major component.
The electrochemical electrolysis device can electrolyze a cathode reactant and an anode reactant to respectively form a cathode mixture and an anode mixture. The cathode reactant includes carbon dioxide gas and a catholyte, and the anode reactant includes an anolyte.
Because the carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the cathode, the problems of low carbon dioxide conversion rate and unstable electrolysis reaction caused by the low diffusion speed of the carbon dioxide in the aqueous solution are avoided. And the cathode mixture produced by the electrolysis reaction contains high content of synthesis gas and can be directly used as fuel. And the non-electrolyzed carbon dioxide in the cathode mixture can be absorbed by using the absorption unit, so that the high-purity synthesis gas is further obtained.
Therefore, the carbon dioxide electrolysis device of the present invention can convert carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and hydrogen at the cathode, which not only can decompose greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide), but also can generate synthesis gases (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) which can be used as fuel. Because of the high concentration of the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas can be directly used as a fuel or a basic raw material of other chemicals without complicated separation or purification steps. In other embodiments, the cathode reactant may also be a bicarbonate or carbonate containing compound.
The aforementioned catholyte may be an aqueous solution of an electrolyte containing sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the catholyte comprises bicarbonate or carbonate, preferably the catholyte is an aqueous solution comprising sodium bicarbonate.
The foregoing anolyte may be an aqueous solution of an electrolyte containing sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the anolyte comprises chloride ions (particularly chloride-containing salts), and preferably the anolyte is an aqueous solution comprising sodium chloride.
Different electrolyte compositions lead to different electrolytic half-reactions, which in turn lead to different cathode mixtures and anode mixtures. The following examples are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
When the catholyte is an aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate and the anolyte is an aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate, the half-reaction of the cathode reactants at the cathode is: CO 22(g)+H2O+2e-→CO(g)+2OH-And 2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-(ii) a The half-reaction of the anode reactant at the anode is: 2H2O→O2+4H++4e-. After electrolysis, the cathode mixture contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by electrolysis anda catholyte. The anode mixture includes oxygen produced by electrolysis and anolyte.
When the catholyte is an aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate and the anolyte is an aqueous solution containing sodium chloride, the half-reaction of the cathode reactants at the cathode is: CO 22(g)+H2O+2e-→CO(g)+2OH-、2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-And Na++OH-→ NaOH; the half-reaction of the anode reactant at the anode is: 2Cl-→Cl2+2e-. After electrolysis, the cathode mixture contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by the electrolysis reaction, liquid sodium hydroxide and a cathode electrolyte. The anode mixture includes electrolytically-generated chlorine gas and an anolyte.
In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate is formed by dissolving carbon dioxide in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The concentration of the electrolyte in the catholyte is at least 0.001M and at most up to the saturation concentration of the electrolyte, and the concentration of the electrolyte in the anolyte is at least 0.001M and at most up to the saturation concentration of the electrolyte.
[ first embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide, comprising: the electrochemical electrolysis device 1, a first reactant preparation unit 2, a second reactant preparation unit 3, a first gas-liquid separation unit 4, a second gas-liquid separation unit 5 and an absorption unit 6.
The electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 is in fluid communication with the first reactant formulation unit 2 to receive the cathode reactant a1 provided by the first reactant formulation unit 2. The electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 is in fluid communication with the second reactant formulation unit 3 to receive anode reactant a2 provided by the second reactant formulation unit 3. Electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 electrolyzes cathode reactant a1 and anode reactant a2 to form cathode mixture B1 and anode mixture B2, respectively. Cathode reactant A1 is first reactant formulation unit 2 receiving catholyte E1 and carbon dioxide (CO)2) Gas post-preparationThe anode reactant A2 is prepared by the second reactant preparation unit 3 after receiving the anolyte E2.
The electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 is in fluid communication with the first gas-liquid separation unit 4 to separate gas phase components from liquid phase components in the cathode mixture B1. The cathode mixture B1 can be divided into a cathode gas mixture V1 and a cathode liquid mixture L1 by the first gas-liquid separation unit 4. Specifically, the cathode gas mixture V1 includes carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. The catholyte mixture L1 contained catholyte E1; alternatively, the catholyte mixture L1 contains liquid sodium hydroxide and the catholyte E1, i.e. the catholyte mixture L1 contains metal ions, hydroxide ions or metal hydroxides. It is understood that the carbon dioxide electrolysis system of the present invention can simultaneously produce the cathode gas mixture V1 and the cathode liquid mixture L1, which are economically valuable.
The electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 is in fluid communication with the second gas-liquid separation unit 5 to separate the gas-phase component from the liquid-phase component in the anode mixture B2. The anode mixture B2 can be divided into an anode gas mixture V2 and an anode liquid mixture L2 by the second gas-liquid separation unit 5. Specifically, the anode gas mixture V2 includes oxygen gas or chlorine gas, and the anode liquid mixture L2 includes an anolyte E2.
The absorption unit 6 is in fluid communication with the first gas-liquid separation unit 4 for processing the cathode gas mixture V1, and the absorption unit 6 absorbs carbon dioxide in the cathode gas mixture V1 to separate carbon monoxide from hydrogen. Specifically, catholyte E1 was passed into absorption cell 6 and catholyte E1 was contacted with cathode gas mixture V1, at which time carbon dioxide dissolved in catholyte E1 from cathode gas mixture V1.
After contacting the cathode gas mixture V1 with the catholyte E1, a cathode gas product P1 and a reflux liquid R1 are formed. The cathode gas product P1 includes carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The reflux liquid R1 contains catholyte E1 and carbon dioxide; alternatively, the reflux liquid R1 contains the catholyte E1, liquid sodium hydroxide (or liquid caustic soda) and carbon dioxide.
Thus, the reflux liquid R1 can be refluxed to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 and reused as the cathode reactant A1. In a preferred embodiment, the reflux liquid R1 is first delivered to the first reactant preparing unit 2, and then delivered to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 after being properly prepared. Specifically, the reflux liquid R1 contains bicarbonate, carbonate, or hydroxide. Notably, liquid sodium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide to form an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, which can be used as catholyte E1.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the chemical electrolysis apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of electrolysis units 10. In the first embodiment, a plurality of electrolysis cells 10 are arranged in series, and every two adjacent electrolysis cells 10 are spaced apart by an insulating plate 13. In some embodiments, the number of electrolysis cells 10 is 3 to 30.
In particular, although fig. 2 illustrates the electrolysis unit 10 arranged in series, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of electrolysis units 10 may be arranged in parallel. For example, a plurality of electrolysis units 10 may be arranged in series to form an electrolysis module, and then the plurality of electrolysis modules may be connected in parallel to form an electrolysis assembly to increase the throughput of carbon dioxide gas and/or increase the concentration of the cathode gas product P1.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, each electrolysis unit 10 includes a cathode 14 located in a cathode chamber 11, an anode 15 located in an anode chamber 12, and an ion exchange membrane 20 sandwiched between the cathode 14 and the anode 15.
Each cathode chamber 11 is formed with an inlet 111 on an inlet side to receive cathode reactant a1, and each cathode chamber 11 is formed with an outlet 112 on an outlet side to discharge cathode mixture B1, with the inlet and outlet sides facing each other. Each anode chamber 12 is formed with an inlet 121 on an inlet side to receive anode reactant a2, and each anode chamber 12 is formed with an outlet 122 on an outlet side to discharge anode mixture B2, with the inlet and outlet sides facing each other.
In some embodiments, the inlets 111 of the respective cathode chambers 11 are connected to each other by a line for simultaneously injecting the cathode reactant a1, and the inlets 121 of the respective anode chambers 12 are connected to each other by another line for simultaneously injecting the anode reactant a 2. The inlet 111 of the cathode chamber 11 is not in communication with the inlet 121 of the anode chamber 12. Similarly, the outlets 112 of the respective cathode chambers 11 are connected to each other by a line so that the electrolysis products produced by the respective electrolysis cells 10 are merged to form the cathode mixture B1. The outlets 122 of the respective anode chambers 12 are connected to each other by another line so that the electrolysis products produced by the respective electrolysis cells 10 are confluent to form an anode mixture B2. The outlet 112 of the cathode chamber 11 is not in communication with the outlet 122 of the anode chamber 12.
The inlets 111, 121 may be formed at any position of the cathode chamber 11 or the anode chamber 12, and generally, the inlets 111, 121 are formed at a position near the bottom of the cathode chamber 11 or the anode chamber 12. Also, the positions of the outlets 112, 122 are at a higher level than the positions of the inlets 111, 121. For example: the inlets 111, 121 may be formed at a position near the bottom of the electrolysis unit 10, and the outlets 112, 122 may be formed at a position half or more of the height of the electrolysis unit 10. However, the utility model is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 3, the cathode 14 is disposed on the cathode chamber 11, and the cathode 14 has a cathode catalyst 141 formed on a plane facing the ion exchange membrane 20 to promote the reduction reaction. The other plane of the cathode electrode 14 is located within the cathode chamber 11 and is in contact with the cathode reactant a 1. The anode electrode 15 is disposed on the anode chamber 12, and an anode catalyst 151 is formed on a plane of the anode electrode 15 facing the ion exchange membrane 20 to promote the oxidation reaction. The other plane of anode electrode 15 is located within anode chamber 12 and is in contact with anode reactant a 2. An external power source can apply electric power to the cathode electrode 14 and the anode electrode 15 to perform electrolysis.
In order to avoid contact between the cathode electrode 14 of an electrolysis cell 10 and the anode electrode 15 of an adjacent electrolysis cell 10, an insulating plate 13 is provided between adjacent electrolysis cells 10 to completely separate them. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the cathode 14 and the anode 15, the cathode 14 is not in contact with the anode 15, so as to avoid short circuit.
In the present invention, the cathode 14 may be a dense mesh structure, and the material forming the cathode 14 may be a conductive material, such as a metal or a carbon material. The anode electrode 15 may be a dense mesh structure, and the material forming the anode electrode 15 may be a conductive material, such as a metal or carbon material.
The cathode catalyst 141 may be various metals, metal compounds, alloys, carbon compounds containing at least one of a heteroatom or a metal, or any combination thereof. The metal can be vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, or combinations thereof. The metal compounds include organometallic compounds and inorganic metal compounds, and include metal halides, metal oxides and metal hydroxides. The carbon compound containing at least one of a heteroatom or a metal may be a structure composed of nitrogen-containing graphite, nitrogen-containing graphene, or nitrogen-containing carbon tubes and metal atoms.
The anode catalyst 151 may be various metals, metal compounds, alloys, carbon compounds containing at least one of a heteroatom or a metal, or any combination thereof. The metal can be vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, or combinations thereof. The metal compounds include organometallic compounds and inorganic metal compounds, and include metal halides, metal oxides and metal hydroxides. The carbon compound containing at least one of a heteroatom or a metal may be a structure composed of nitrogen-containing graphite, nitrogen-containing graphene, or nitrogen-containing carbon tubes and metal atoms.
The ion exchange membrane 20 has a thickness of 10 microns to 5000 microns, and the ion exchange membrane 20 may be a cation exchange membrane, such as: a cation exchange membrane comprising polyvinylsulfonic acid, fullerene-crosslinked polysulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, or perfluoroethanedisulfonic acid; alternatively, the ion exchange membrane 20 may be an anion exchange membrane, such as: an anion exchange membrane comprising polystyrene methyltrimethylammonium chloride or polyether.
[ second embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 4, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide, which is similar to the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide of the first embodiment, and mainly differs therefrom in that: the apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide of the second embodiment further includes a first liquid processing unit 7 and a second liquid processing unit 8.
The first liquid treatment unit 7 is in fluid communication with the first gas-liquid separation unit 4 to receive and suitably treat the cathode liquid mixture L1. The cathode liquid mixture L1 can be processed by the first liquid processing unit 7 to form a first processing liquid R1, and the main component of the first processing liquid R1 is the cathode electrolyte E1, so that the first processing liquid R1 can be returned to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to be reused as the cathode reactant a 1. In a preferred embodiment, the first processing liquid R1 may be first delivered to the first reactant preparing unit 2, and then delivered to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 after being properly prepared. Specifically, reflux R1 contains bicarbonate, carbonate, or hydroxide.
The second liquid treatment unit 8 is in fluid communication with the second gas-liquid separation unit 5 to receive and suitably treat the anode liquid mixture L2. The anode liquid mixture L2 can be processed by the second liquid processing unit 8 to form a second processing liquid R2, and the main component of the second processing liquid R2 is the anolyte E2, so that the second processing liquid R2 can be returned to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to be reused as the anode reactant a 2. In a preferred embodiment, the second processing liquid R2 may be first delivered to the second reactant preparing unit 3, and then delivered to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 after being properly prepared.
[ third embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus, which is similar to the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the first embodiment, and mainly differs therefrom in that: the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the third embodiment does not include the first gas-liquid separation unit 4 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 5.
Referring to fig. 6, in the third embodiment, each cathode chamber 11 has two outlets 112A, 112B, and the two outlets 112A, 112B are formed at different height positions. The outlet 112A at a higher elevation may be used to discharge the cathode gas mixture V1, while the outlet 112B at a lower elevation may be used to discharge the cathode liquid mixture L1. Each anode chamber 12 has two outlets 112A, 112B, and the two outlets 112A, 112B are formed at different height positions. The higher elevation outlet 122A may be used to discharge the anode gas mixture V2, while the lower elevation outlet 122B may be used to discharge the anode liquid mixture L2. In this way, the use of the first liquid treatment unit 7 and the second liquid treatment unit 8 can be omitted.
It should be noted that, in the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the third embodiment, the liquid level in the cathode chamber 11 and the liquid level in the anode chamber 12 are maintained at half full or more than half full, so as to achieve the effect of distinguishing the cathode gas mixture V1 from the cathode liquid mixture L1, and distinguishing the anode gas mixture V2 from the anode liquid mixture L2.
The carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus in the third embodiment has the electrochemical electrolysis device 1, the first reactant preparation unit 2, the second reactant preparation unit 3, and the absorption unit 6 similar to the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus in the first embodiment except for the first gas-liquid separation unit 4 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 5, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.
[ fourth embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 7, a carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the third embodiment, and the main differences are: the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the fourth embodiment further includes a first liquid treatment unit 7 and a second liquid treatment unit 8.
The first liquid-treatment unit 7 is in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to receive and suitably treat the cathode liquid mixture L1. The cathode liquid mixture L1 can be processed by the first liquid processing unit 7 to form a first processing liquid R1, and the main component of the first processing liquid R1 is the cathode electrolyte E1, so that the first processing liquid R1 can be returned to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to be reused as the cathode reactant a 1. In a preferred embodiment, the first processing liquid R1 may be first delivered to the first reactant preparing unit 2, and then delivered to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 after being properly prepared.
The second liquid treatment unit 8 is in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to receive and suitably treat the anode liquid mixture L2. The anode liquid mixture L2 is treated by the second liquid treatment unit 8 to form a second treatment liquid R2, and the main component of the second treatment liquid R2 is the anolyte E2, so the second treatment liquid R2 can be returned to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 to be reused as the anode reactant a 2. In a preferred embodiment, the second processing liquid R2 may be first delivered to the second reactant preparing unit 3, and then delivered to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus 1 after being properly prepared.
The carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus of the present invention, when in use, may comprise the steps of: electrolyzing the cathode reactant and the anode reactant using an electrochemical electrolysis apparatus to form a cathode mixture and an anode mixture, respectively (first step); processing the cathode mixture using an absorption unit to divide the cathode mixture into a cathode gas product and a reflux liquid (second step); conveying the reflux liquid to a first reactant preparation unit (third step); after receiving the reflux, the first reactant preparation unit provides a cathode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus (fourth step).
In the first step, the cathode reactant includes carbon dioxide gas and a catholyte, and the anode reactant includes an anolyte. The cathode mixture comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by electrolysis reaction and catholyte (or comprises carbon monoxide, hydrogen, liquid sodium hydroxide and catholyte generated by electrolysis reaction). The anode mixture includes oxygen and an anolyte (or includes chlorine and an anolyte).
In the second step, the cathode gas product comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen, i.e. synthesis gas. The reflux liquid comprises catholyte and carbon dioxide (or comprises catholyte, liquid sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide), so the reflux liquid can be refluxed to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment through the third step to the fourth step to improve the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide in the electrolysis method of the carbon dioxide. According to the method, the utility model can convert the carbon dioxide into the synthetic gas which can be used as fuel, not only can alleviate the problem of greenhouse effect, but also provides renewable energy.
[ advantageous effects of embodiments ]
One of the advantages of the present invention is that the carbon dioxide electrolysis apparatus provided by the present invention can achieve the effect of decomposing carbon dioxide to generate syngas through the technical solutions of "electrochemical electrolysis equipment for electrolyzing cathode reactant and anode reactant" and "absorption unit for processing cathode mixture".
Furthermore, the carbon dioxide electrolysis device of the utility model improves the content of the synthesis gas in the cathode gas product by the technical scheme that the absorption unit is used for distinguishing the cathode mixture into the cathode gas product and the reflux liquid, wherein the cathode gas product comprises the synthesis gas.
The disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, so that all technical equivalents and modifications using the contents of the specification and drawings are included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. An apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide, comprising:
an electrochemical electrolysis device for electrolyzing a cathode reactant and an anode reactant to form a cathode mixture and an anode mixture, respectively; wherein the cathode reactant comprises carbon dioxide or a bicarbonate or carbonate containing compound, and the cathode mixture comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen; and
an absorption unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus, the absorption unit for processing the cathode mixture to separate a synthesis gas comprising the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen.
2. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a first reactant formulation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the absorption unit; the absorption unit is used for dividing the cathode mixture into a cathode gas product and a reflux liquid, the cathode gas product comprises the synthesis gas, and the first reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the reflux liquid and providing the cathode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
3. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a first gas-liquid separation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the absorption unit; the first gas-liquid separation unit is used for dividing the cathode mixture into a cathode gas mixture and a cathode liquid mixture, and the absorption unit is used for processing the cathode gas mixture.
4. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a first liquid treatment unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus; the first liquid processing unit is used for processing the cathode liquid mixture to generate a first processing liquid and returning the first processing liquid to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
5. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 4, further comprising: a first reactant preparation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the first liquid treatment unit; wherein the first reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the first processing liquid and providing the cathode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis device.
6. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a second gas-liquid separation unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus; the second gas-liquid separation unit is used for dividing the anode mixture into an anode gas mixture and an anode liquid mixture.
7. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a second liquid treatment unit in fluid communication with the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus; the anode mixture comprises an anode gas mixture and an anode liquid mixture, and the second liquid treatment unit is used for treating the anode liquid mixture to generate a second treatment liquid and returning the second treatment liquid to the electrochemical electrolysis equipment.
8. The apparatus for electrolyzing carbon dioxide as recited in claim 7, further comprising: a second reactant preparation unit in fluid communication between the electrochemical electrolysis apparatus and the second liquid treatment unit; wherein the second reactant preparation unit is used for receiving the second treatment liquid and providing the anode reactant to the electrochemical electrolysis device.
9. The apparatus for electrolysis of carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrochemical electrolysis device comprises a plurality of electrolysis cells; each electrolysis unit comprises a cathode electrode positioned in a cathode chamber, an anode electrode positioned in an anode chamber and an ion exchange membrane clamped between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the cathode chamber has an inlet for receiving the cathode reactant and an outlet for discharging the cathode mixture, and the anode chamber has an inlet for receiving the anode reactant and an outlet for discharging the anode mixture.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the cathode chamber has an inlet for receiving the cathode reactant and two outlets for discharging the cathode mixture, and the anode chamber has an inlet for receiving the anode reactant and two outlets for discharging the anode mixture.
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| WO2024045700A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-07 | 碳能科技（北京）有限公司 | Process and system for preparing synthesis gas by electrolysis of co2 in flue gas |
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