CN216898490U - Low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which comprises a barrel, and a lower air box, an upper air box and an SO (sulfur oxide) arranged in the barrel₃Cooling pipeline, SO₂A heat exchange pipeline, a lower gas tank arranged at the lower part of the cylinder, an upper gas tank arranged at the upper part of the cylinder, and an SO₃Temperature reduction pipeline and SO₂The heat exchange pipelines are mutually countercurrent pipelines; this heat exchanger obtains a low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube type heat exchanger through getting SHE, structure, the last adjustment of gas flow direction from selected material, heat transfer area, can be corrosion-resistant, fall resistanceAnd the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the heat exchanger has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in use, resistance reduction and good heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of nonferrous smelting copper and chemical engineering, in particular to a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

Background

With the rapid progress of industrialization, the problems of environment, ecology and the like centering on energy are aggravated; while searching for new energy, enterprises pay attention to research and development of energy-saving ways, various technical innovation achievements are continuously generated due to wide application of the heat exchanger in the fields of chemical industry, petroleum, power and the like, and chemical product sulfuric acid is produced, a plurality of tube heat exchangers are used, and the heat exchanger is also put into research and development of the heat exchanger; the development of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger used for acid production is fast, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:

1. double circular segment shape: the double-segment shape can be regarded as the parallel connection of two semi-cylindrical shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the shell side gas is fed in and discharged out in a double mode, and the baffle plates are alternately carried out by crescent plates and double segment plates; the shell pass heat transfer coefficient is improved and the shell pass resistance is reduced by not filling the tube bank and opening the vent hole on the baffle plate;

2. a butterfly ring type: the butterfly ring type heat exchanger is mainly characterized in that butterfly and ring type baffles are adopted to replace an old double-segment baffle plate, and no pipe is distributed in a central ring area, so that the shell side resistance can be reduced, and the directions of a stagnant flow area and a gas connecting pipe of a shell side can be selected at will;

the heat exchanger of the hollow ring pipe network zoom type heat transfer pipe comprises:

the 'hollow ring pipe network support retractable heat transfer pipe heat exchanger' adopts double-sided reinforced heat transfer pipes and hollow ring net plate pipe support, and is a high-efficiency shell-and-tube heat exchanger with good heat transfer performance and low resistance. Compared with a straight pipe heat exchanger, the heat transfer coefficient is generally higher by about 20% under the condition of equal resistance; since the advent of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is commonly used by sulfuric acid production enterprises, and the change is not great at present;

after fine research, three shell-and-tube heat exchangers are found out easily: the double-segment shape is suitable for small acid making devices, but the corrosion problem is not considered; the butterfly ring type part has no pipe, aims at enabling large heat exchanger gas to flow to the middle and reducing resistance, can be used for large-scale acid manufacturing enterprises, and does not consider the corrosion problem; the hollow ring pipe network contraction and expansion pipe is mainly characterized in that the heat transfer effect is considered, the diameter of a heat exchanger of a large device is large, part of gas cannot reach the central part, high-temperature gas in the pipe uniformly passes through each pipe, and the pipe is easy to burn;

along with the continuous expansion of production devices in the acid making industry, the diameter of a heat exchanger is also continuously expanded, and the innovation of the technical problems of the heat exchanger such as structure expansion, corrosion prevention and the like is slightly lagged; the heat exchanger of the prior large-scale device mainly has two problems of large resistance and corrosion, and the heat exchange efficiency does not exist by using a hollow ring expansion pipe; the corrosion resistance is mainly innovated from materials, and the resistance reduction is mainly developed and researched from the aspects of heat exchange area, pipe distribution structure, gas flow direction and the like; after the three heat exchangers are used for 3 years, high resistance, namely 4000Pa tube pass resistance, high corrosion, corrosion and air leakage of a shell pass air inlet ring pipe and high power consumption occur, so that the conversion rate is reduced, the environment is polluted, and the production cannot be normally carried out;

therefore, the SHE is adopted from material selection innovation, heat exchange area, structure and gas flow direction to carry out innovation or adjustment, and the energy-saving, resistance-reducing and corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger for acid production is manufactured to meet the current production requirements.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the existing problems, the utility model aims to provide the low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is obtained by selecting the SHE from the material selection and the heat exchange area, adjusting the structure and the gas flow direction, can resist corrosion, reduce resistance and improve heat exchange efficiency, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in use, resistance reduction and good heat exchange efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a low-pressure drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a barrel, and a lower gas tank, an upper gas tank and an SO arranged in the barrel₃Cooling pipeline, SO₂A heat exchange pipeline, a lower air box arranged at the lower part of the cylinder and an upper air boxArranged at the upper part of the cylinder body, SO₃Temperature reduction pipeline and SO₂The heat exchange pipelines are mutually countercurrent pipelines, and SO₃The cooling pipeline is an upper inlet and a lower outlet, SO₂The heat exchange pipeline is in a lower inlet and an upper outlet;

the SO₃The cooling pipeline comprises SO₃Inlet upper air box and SO₃Heat exchange gas outlet and heat exchange tubes, said SO₃The inlet gas loading box is arranged on the gas loading box and is communicated with the plurality of heat exchange tubes to form a plurality of SO pairs₃The lower end of the heat exchange tube nest is communicated with a lower gas tank, and the lower gas tank is communicated with the SO₃The heat exchange gas outlets are communicated, and heat exchange tube array flower plates are arranged at the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes;

the SO₂The heat exchange pipeline comprises SO₂Annular pipe inlet, primary heat exchange pipeline, secondary heat exchange loop and SO₂Outlet of annular tube, said SO₂The outlet of the inlet of the annular pipe is respectively communicated with a primary heat exchange pipeline and a secondary heat exchange loop, and the tail ends of the primary heat exchange pipeline and the secondary heat exchange loop are respectively communicated with SO₂The outlets of the annular pipes are communicated.

The primary heat exchange pipeline comprises SO₂Gas outlet annular tube, SO₂The cavity between the pipe of gas inlet annular pipe, a plurality of hollow ring pipe networks and heat transfer tubulation, hollow ring pipe network sets up in the cavity between the pipes, and the heat transfer tubulation passes hollow ring pipe network and sets up, and hollow ring pipe network and SO₂The gas inlet end of the gas inlet annular pipe is communicated with the SO₂The other end of the gas inlet annular pipe and the SO₂One end of the gas outlet annular pipe is communicated with the SO₂The other end of the gas outlet annular pipe and the SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular pipe is communicated.

Preferably, the hollow ring pipe network is a spiral-flow type hollow ring pipe which is equidistantly arranged on the outer periphery of the heat exchange pipe column on the lower side of the heat exchange pipe column pattern plate, and a filter screen is arranged in the hollow ring pipe network.

Preferably, the secondary heat exchange loop comprises a central heat pipe inlet, a central heat exchange pipe outlet and a central heat exchange pipe, wherein one end of the central heat pipe inlet is connected with the SO₂The inlet of the annular pipe is communicated with the other end of the annular pipeIs communicated with one end of a central heat exchange tube, the other end of the central heat exchange tube is communicated with the outlet of the central heat exchange tube, and the other end of the outlet of the central heat exchange tube is communicated with SO₂The outlets of the annular pipes are communicated.

Preferably, the central heat exchange tube is arranged at the center of the tube side.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube array is a retractable 316L stainless steel tube, a long extension tube with the length of 1.5m is welded at the lower end of the heat exchange tube array, and the long extension tube is a 316L stainless steel tube and is communicated with the lower air box.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube array flower plate, the central heat exchange tube, the upper air box and the hollow ring pipe network are all made of 304 stainless steel; the lower gas tank and the SO₂Gas inlet ring pipe, SO₂The outlet annular pipes are made of 316L stainless steel; the cylinder body is made of heat-resistant steel.

Preferably, the cylinder is connected with SO₃Still be provided with barrel protection mechanism between the inlet end of annular tube import, barrel protection mechanism's main intake pipe, atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly and main outlet duct, the inlet end of main intake pipe passes through the control valve and is connected with the lateral wall of barrel to run through the lateral wall and the intertube cavity intercommunication of barrel, the end of giving vent to anger of main intake pipe is connected with atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly, atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly is connected with main outlet duct, main outlet duct passes through the one-way control valve and SO₃The inlet of the annular pipe is connected and passes through the SO₃Side wall of inlet of annular pipe and SO₃The inner cavity of the inlet of the annular pipe is communicated; the atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly includes stopper pipe, atmospheric pressure balance pipe and movable valve body, the stopper pipe is the hollow tube, be provided with a plurality of trachea connecting holes on the stopper pipe, be connected with atmospheric pressure balance pipe, main intake pipe and main outlet duct respectively, the activity of movable valve body sets up in the cavity of stopper pipe, slides along the cavity of stopper pipe, and through the cavity inner wall connection of spring with the stopper pipe, still set gradually first spacing ring and second spacing ring in the stopper pipe, first spacing ring and second spacing ring use with the valve block cooperation that sets up at the movable valve body both ends respectively.

Preferably, the main air inlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the plug pipe through a first air inlet branch pipe and a second air inlet branch pipe respectively, and the second air inlet branch pipe is arranged at the tail end of the plug pipe; the main air outlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the plug pipe through the first air outlet branch pipe and the second air outlet branch pipe.

Preferably, the one-way control valve is arranged on a pipeline of the main gas outlet pipe and comprises a control valve body, a third gas outlet branch pipe and a fourth gas outlet branch pipe, wherein the third gas outlet branch pipe and the fourth gas outlet branch pipe are arranged on the control valve body; this internal blotter and the valve plate of being provided with of control valve, the articulated setting of valve plate is in the inner chamber of control valve body, and is provided with the closing plug at the dorsal part of valve plate, the closing plug is the same with the internal diameter of the third branch pipe of giving vent to anger, the blotter sets up on the control valve body inner wall with the valve plate relative one side, and is provided with the seal groove on the blotter, the seal groove uses with the sealed protruding cooperation that sets up at the valve plate lower extreme.

SO (SO)₂-SO₃A heat exchange method based on a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising synchronously performing SO₃Heat exchange cooling process and SO₂A heat exchange and temperature rise process; wherein

The SO₃In the process of heat exchange and temperature reduction in SO₃The cooling pipeline is used for carrying out: SO (SO)₃Gas is fed into the gas feeding box from the inlet of the gas feeding box, heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchange tube nest and the extension tube, the gas enters the lower gas box after being subjected to heat exchange and cooling to deposit residues, and SO after deposition₃By SO₃The heat exchange gas is discharged to the next procedure to complete the SO treatment₃Heat exchange and temperature reduction and residue deposition;

the SO₂Heat exchange and temperature rise process in SO₂The heat exchange pipeline carries out: SO (SO)₂Into SO₂The inlet of the annular pipe is divided into two paths: 85% SO₂SO entering the tube space and tube space of the heat exchange tube array through the multilayer hollow ring pipe network₃Heat exchange is carried out, and SO is sequentially passed through after heat exchange₂Gas inlet annular tube and SO₂Gas outlet circular pipe enters SO₂In the outlet of the annular pipe, SO is passed₂The outlet of the annular pipe enters other pipelines; the rest 85 percent of SO₂The SO enters the central heat exchange tube through the inlet of the central heat pipe for heat exchange, and the heat exchanged SO₂Enters SO through the outlet 6 of the central heat exchange tube₂In the outlet of the annular pipe, SO is passed₂The outlet of the annular pipe enters other pipelines.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model discloses a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is improved in that:

the utility model designs a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which adopts SHE, a structure and a gas flow direction from material selection innovation, heat exchange area innovation and adjustment to prepare the energy-saving, resistance-reducing and corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger for acid production, and has the following obvious effects when in use:

(1) the service life is prolonged, and the service life is prolonged by more than 5 years;

(2) the resistance is reduced by more than 3000pa, and the annual electricity cost of an acid making system of 40 ten thousand tons per year can be about more than 30 ten thousand yuan;

(3) the heat exchangers of the type are all changed for a 40 ten thousand ton/year flue gas acid making system, and the electricity cost can be saved by more than 70 ten thousand yuan all the year round;

(4) the resistance is reduced, and the yield of sulfuric acid is improved by about 8 percent;

(5) the heat exchanger is the most used equipment of industrial enterprises, accounts for about 25% of investment, and has good social benefit by being changed into the heat exchanger; has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, resistance reduction and good heat exchange efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube array of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hollow ring pipe network of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged sectional view at a pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger a of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged sectional view at B of the pressure drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the check valve of the present invention in terms of backflow prevention.

Wherein: SO 1₃Inlet upper air box, 2.SO₃Outlet for heat exchange gas, 3.SO₂Inlet of annular tube, 4.SO₂Annular tube outlet, 5 central heat pipe inlet, 6 central heat exchange tube outlet, 7 heat exchange tube array flower plate, 8 central heat exchange tube, 9 lower air box, 10 upper air box, 11 cylinder, 12 heat exchange tube array, 13 extension tube, 14 SO₂Gas outlet ring pipe, 15.SO₂The gas inlet circular pipe comprises a gas inlet circular pipe body, a hollow circular pipe network body, a 16-1 sieve, a 17 main gas inlet pipe body, a 18 control valve, a 19 first gas inlet branch pipe body, a 20 second gas inlet branch pipe body, a 21 plug pipe body, a 211 first limiting ring body, a 212 second limiting ring body, a 22 movable valve body, a 23 air pressure balancing pipe body, a 24 spring, a 25 first gas outlet branch pipe body, a 26 second gas outlet branch pipe body, a 27 one-way control valve body, a 271 cushion pad, a 2711 sealing groove, a 272 valve plate, a 2721 sealing plug body, a 2722 sealing protrusion, a 18 main gas outlet pipe body, a 29 third gas outlet branch pipe body and a 30 fourth gas outlet branch pipe body.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Referring to the attached fig. 1-7, the low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a cylinder 11, and a lower gas tank 9, an upper gas tank 10 and an SO arranged in the cylinder 11₃Cooling pipeline, SO₂The lower gas tank 9 is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder 11, the upper gas tank 10 is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder 11, and the SO is arranged in the heat exchange pipeline₃Temperature reduction pipeline and SO₂The heat exchange pipelines are mutually countercurrent pipelines;

the SO₃The cooling pipeline is used for controlling SO₃Performing cooling treatment including SO₃Inlet gas supply tank 1, SO₃Heat exchange gas outlet 2 and heat exchange tube nest12, said SO₃The inlet upper air box 1 is arranged on the upper air box 10 and is communicated with a plurality of heat exchange tubes 12 to form a plurality of SO pairs₃The lower end of the heat exchange tube nest 12 is communicated with the lower gas box 9, and the cooled SO is treated by the lower gas box 9₃The lower gas box 9 and SO₃The heat exchange gas outlet 2 is communicated with the SO₃The heat exchange gas outlet 2 communicates with other components, i.e. SO, in use₃The upper part is fed in and the lower part is discharged out: SO (SO)₃Gas is fed into the upper gas box 1 from the inlet of the upper gas box 1, residue deposition is carried out in the lower gas box 9 after heat exchange and temperature reduction through the heat exchange tubes 12, and SO after deposition₃By SO₃The heat exchange gas outlet 2 goes to the next procedure to complete the SO-to-SO conversion₃Heat exchange and temperature reduction and residue deposition;

the SO₂The heat exchange pipeline is used for the SO₂Carrying out heat exchange, including SO₂ Annular pipe inlet 3, primary heat exchange pipeline, secondary heat exchange loop and SO₂Outlet 4 of the annular tube, said SO₂The outlet of the annular pipe inlet 3 is respectively communicated with the primary heat exchange pipeline and the secondary heat exchange loop and is communicated with the secondary heat exchange loop through SO₂SO of inlet 3 of annular pipe₂Shunting, wherein the tail ends of the primary heat exchange pipeline and the secondary heat exchange loop are connected with SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular pipe is communicated, and the SO is respectively passed through by the primary heat exchange pipeline and the secondary heat exchange loop₂SO from inlet 3 of the annular tube₂The gas exchanges heat and finally passes through SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular pipe is converged and then enters a working procedure.

Preferably, in order to fix the plurality of heat exchange tubes 12, a heat exchange tube array flower plate 7 is further arranged at the upper end of each heat exchange tube array 12, the tail end of the upper end of each heat exchange tube array 12 penetrates through the heat exchange tube array flower plate 7, and the heat exchange tube array flower plates 7 are used for fixing the plurality of heat exchange tubes 12.

Preferably, said entering SO₂SO of inlet 3 of annular pipe₂More than 85% of the heat is transferred into a primary heat exchange pipeline, and the primary heat exchange pipeline comprises SO₂Gas outlet annular pipe 14, SO₂A gas inlet annular pipe 15, a plurality of hollow annular pipe networks 16 and cavities among heat exchange tube arrays, the hollow annular pipe networks 16 and the likeThe distance between the hollow ring pipe networks 16 and the hollow ring pipe network 16 is 5 layers, the hollow ring pipe network 16 at the lowest layer is arranged in the SO₂Inlet 3 of the annular pipe SO as to pass SO₂SO of inlet 3 of annular pipe₂Enters the tube space of the heat exchange tube array 12 for heat exchange through a multilayer hollow ring pipe network 16 (particularly, penetrates through a filter screen 16-1) and is changed into partial small tubes₃The amount of heat of; the upper cylinder inner cavity and SO of the uppermost hollow ring pipe network 16₂One end of the gas inlet annular pipe 15 is communicated SO that the heat-exchanged SO₂Enters into SO₂The SO is conveyed away from the gas inlet annular pipe 15₂The other end of the gas inlet annular pipe 15 and the SO₂One end of the gas outlet annular pipe 14 is communicated and passes through the SO₂SO of gas inlet ring pipe 15₂Then enters SO₂In the gas outlet annular pipe 14, the SO₂The other end of the gas outlet annular pipe 14 and the SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular pipe is communicated with the outlet of the annular pipe through SO₂The gas outlet annular pipe 14 enters the upper SO layer₂Outlet 4 of the annular tube through SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular pipe enters other pipelines.

Preferably, in order to ensure the heat exchange effect, a spiral-flow type hollow ring pipe network 16 is added, the hollow ring pipe network 16 is an annular ventilation pipe network arranged outside the heat exchange tube nest 12 on the lower side of the heat exchange tube nest flower plate 7, and a filter screen 16-1 pair of SO is arranged in the hollow ring pipe network 16₂Filtration is carried out.

Preferably, said entering SO₂SO of inlet 3 of annular pipe₂More than 15% of the heat exchange liquid enters a secondary heat exchange loop for heat exchange, the secondary heat exchange loop comprises a central heat pipe inlet 5, a central heat exchange pipe outlet 6 and a central heat exchange pipe 8, and one end of the central heat pipe inlet 5 and SO₂The annular tube inlet 3 is communicated, the other end of the annular tube inlet is communicated with one end of the central heat exchange tube 8, the other end of the central heat exchange tube 8 is communicated with the central heat exchange tube outlet 6, and the other end of the central heat exchange tube outlet 6 is communicated with the SO₂The outlet 4 of the annular tube being in communication, i.e. via SO₂SO of inlet 3 of annular pipe₂Enters the central heat exchange tube 8 and the central heat exchange tube outlet 6 in sequence and then is mixed with SO₂Gas outletSO of the mouth ring-shaped pipe 15₂The gas is merged and enters the next procedure (in SO due to the larger volume of the heat exchanger)₂With SO₃When heat is exchanged, the small heat exchange tubes of the traditional heat exchanger are densely arranged, and SO is generated₂Gas can not reach the middle, the heat exchange effect is not poor, and SO₂The resistance to flow also increases; in order to solve the contradiction, the utility model adds a secondary heat exchange tube, namely a central heat exchange tube 8, in the middle of the heat exchanger, SO that SO in the tube₂Cold gas, capable of being exchanged into part of SO in the small tube₃The amount of heat of; at the same time due to SO₂The split stream enters the central heat exchange tube 8, thus reducing inter-tube resistance).

Preferably, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the resistance between the tubes, the central heat exchange tube 8 is arranged at the center of the tube side.

Preferably, SO₃With SO₂The heat exchange of (A) is effected countercurrently, it being important that the SO is present₃Must be in from the top and out from the bottom, SO₂Is a lower inlet and an upper outlet, which can clean SO₃And the entrainment prevents the corrosive from blocking the tubes, and reduces the resistance of the heat exchanger.

Preferably, in order to prevent the heat exchanger from being corroded in use and considering the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger from the material aspect, the heat exchange tube array 12 is designed to be a retractable 316L stainless steel tube, a long extension tube 13 with the length of 1.5m is welded at the lower end of the heat exchange tube array 12, and the long extension tube 13 is a 316L stainless steel tube and is communicated with the lower air box 9; the heat exchange tube array flower plate 7, the central heat exchange tube 8, the upper air box 10 and the hollow ring pipe network 16 are all made of 304 stainless steel; the lower air box 9 and SO₂Gas outlet annular pipe 14, SO₂The outlet annular pipes 15 are made of 316L stainless steel; the cylinder body 11 is made of heat-resistant steel.

Preferably, in order to avoid the problem that the installation space of the heat exchanger is narrow and inconvenient to install due to the installation of other parts in the installation process, the heat exchanger disclosed by the utility model is small in size and saves the installation space.

Preferably, in order to prevent the air exchange process, because the distance between the pipes in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 11 is small (or because the hollow ring pipe network 16 is used for a long time, the filter screen 16-1 is blocked),result in SO₂Low flow rate between tubes and avoiding high pressure SO₂Long-term action on the tube wall of the cylinder 11 causes the tube wall of the cylinder 11 to deform and influence SO₂-SO₃Heat exchange quality between the cylinder 11 and SO₂Still be provided with barrel protection mechanism between the inlet end of ring pipe import 3, barrel protection mechanism includes main intake pipe 17, atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly and main outlet duct 28, the inlet end of main intake pipe 17 passes through control valve 18 and is connected with the lateral wall of barrel 11 to run through the lateral wall and the intertube cavity intercommunication of barrel 11, the end of giving vent to anger of main intake pipe 17 is connected with atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly, atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly is connected with main outlet duct 28, main outlet duct 28 passes through one-way control valve 27 and SO₂The inlet 3 of the annular pipe is connected and passes through the SO₂Side wall of inlet of annular pipe and SO₂The internal chambers of the inlets of the annular tubes being in communication, i.e. in use, with the SO inside the cylinder 11₂When the pressure is too high, its SO₂The gas can enter the air pressure regulating component through the main air inlet pipe 17, enter the main air outlet pipe 28 through the air pressure regulating component and enter the SO through the main air outlet pipe 28₂At the inlet port of the inlet 3 of the annular tube, SO is used₂ Annular pipe inlet 3 pairs of SO₂Redistribute to reduce SO in the interior of the cylinder 11₂Pressure, protecting the cylinder 11, and the purpose of the one-way control valve 27 is to prevent SO₂SO inside the annular tube inlet 3 without heat exchange₂Directly enter the middle part of the inner part of the cylinder body 11 to ensure SO₂The heat exchange effect of the heat exchange between the tubes in the cylinder 11.

Preferably, the atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly include stopper pipe 21, atmospheric pressure balance pipe 23 and activity valve body 22, stopper pipe 21 is the hollow tube, be provided with a plurality of trachea connecting holes on the stopper pipe 21, the trachea connecting hole is connected with atmospheric pressure balance pipe 23, main intake pipe 17 and main outlet duct 28 respectively, activity valve body 22 activity sets up in the cavity of stopper pipe 21, at SO in the cavity of SO₂Under the action of gas pressure, the plug tube 21 slides along the cavity of the plug tube 21 and is connected with the inner wall of the cavity of the plug tube 21 through the spring 24, a first limit ring 211 and a second limit ring 212 are further sequentially arranged in the plug tube 21, and the first limit ring 211 and the second limit ringThe two limit rings 212 are respectively matched with the valve blocks arranged at the two ends of the movable valve body 22 for use to limit the movement of the movable valve body 22; the main air inlet pipe 17 is communicated with an inner cavity of the plug pipe 21 through a first air inlet branch pipe 19 and a second air inlet branch pipe 20 respectively, and the second air inlet branch pipe 20 is arranged at the tail end of the plug pipe 21; the main outlet pipe 28 is communicated with the inner cavity of the stopper pipe 21 through a first outlet branch pipe 25 and a second outlet branch pipe 26; SO that in use, the high pressure SO in the cylinder 11₂The gas enters the main gas inlet pipe 17, is divided by the main gas inlet pipe 17, and is subjected to SO flow division₂The gas is equally divided into the first air inlet branch pipe 19 and the second air inlet branch pipe 20, and passes through SO of the first air inlet branch pipe 19 and the second air inlet branch pipe 20₂The gas enters the cavity of the plug tube 21 to extrude the valve body at the right end of the movable valve body 22, and when SO₂After the gas pressure reaches the set pressure, the movable valve body 22 moves leftwards (the spring 24 is compressed) under the action of the gas pressure, SO that the right cavity of the plug tube 21 is communicated with the gas inlet pipe orifice of the gas pressure balance tube 23, the valve block at the left end of the movable valve body 22 is also dislocated relative to the second gas outlet branch tube 26, namely, the left cavity of the plug tube 21 is communicated with the gas outlet pipe orifice of the gas pressure balance tube 23, and at the moment, SO in the right cavity of the plug tube 21 is communicated with the gas outlet pipe orifice of the gas pressure balance tube 23₂The gas enters the second branch outlet pipe 26 through the pressure balancing pipe 23, and is divided in the second branch outlet pipe 26, and a small part of SO₂The gas enters the cavity where the spring 24 is located through the first gas outlet branch pipe 25 and is used for assisting the spring 24 to reset after the gas pressure is balanced, and most SO₂The gas enters the one-way control valve 27 through the main gas outlet pipe 28, enters the main gas outlet pipe 28 through the one-way control valve 27 and finally enters the SO₂At the inlet port of the inlet 3 of the annular tube, SO is used₂ Annular pipe inlet 3 pairs of SO₂Redistribute to reduce SO in the interior of the cylinder 11₂Pressure to protect the barrel 11; when the pressure in the cylinder 11 is reduced, the movable valve 22 is reset under the action of the spring 24 to close the air pressure balance pipe 23, so as to realize the blocking of the air flow.

Preferably, to prevent SO₂Non-heat-exchanged SO inside the annular tube inlet 3₂The gas pressure regulating component directly enters the middle part of the interior of the cylinder body 11 (the gas pressure regulating component enters from the lower part at present), SO that SO is ensured₂The heat exchange effect of the inter-tube heat exchange in the cylinder 11, the one-way control valve 27 is arranged on the pipeline of the main outlet pipe 28, and comprises a control valve body, a third outlet branch pipe 29 and a fourth outlet branch pipe 30 which are arranged on the control valve body, the air inlet end of the control valve body is connected with the main outlet pipe 28, the air outlet end is connected with the main outlet pipe 28 through the third outlet branch pipe 29 and the fourth outlet branch pipe 30, wherein the fourth outlet branch pipe 30 is an arc-shaped pipeline; the control valve body is internally provided with a buffer pad 271 and a valve plate 272, the valve plate 272 is hinged in an inner cavity of the control valve body, a closing plug 2721 is arranged on the back side of the valve plate 272, and the inner diameters of the closing plug 2721 and the third outlet branch pipe 29 are the same, namely the SO in the opposite cylinder body 11₂When the gas is decompressed, the valve plate 272 rotates downwards, the closing plug 2721 is clamped into the end part of the third outlet branch pipe 29, and SO is generated₂The gas enters the main gas outlet pipe 28 through the fourth gas outlet branch pipe 30 and finally enters the SO₂At the inlet port of the inlet 3 of the annular tube, SO is used₂Annular pipe inlet 3 pairs of SO₂Carrying out redistribution; the buffer pad 271 is disposed on the inner wall of the control valve body on the opposite side of the valve plate 272, and the buffer pad 271 is provided with a sealing groove 2711, the sealing groove 2711 is used in cooperation with a sealing protrusion 2722 disposed at the lower end of the valve plate 272, that is, in the process of preventing reverse flow, since the third outlet branch pipe 29 is a branch pipe and the path is short, SO that the non-heat-exchanging SO passing through the main outlet pipe 28 is not exchanged₂The gas enters the inner cavity of the control valve body through the third outlet branch pipe 29, most of the valve plate 272 is lifted, and then passes through the non-heat-exchanged SO of the fourth outlet branch pipe 30₂The gas enters the inner cavity of the control valve body and acts on the lower side surface of the valve plate 272 to extrude the valve plate 272, SO that the valve plate 272 rotates upwards, the sealing protrusion 2722 is clamped in the sealing groove 2711 to ensure that SO is generated₂The gas is blocked to realize the purpose of preventing countercurrent.

SO (SO)₂-SO₃A heat exchange method which is carried out based on a low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprisesSO of step (a)₃Heat exchange cooling process and SO₂A heat exchange and temperature rise process; wherein

The SO₃In the process of heat exchange and temperature reduction in SO₃Cooling the pipeline to carry out: SO (SO)₃Gas is fed into the upper gas box from the inlet of the upper gas box, heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchange tube nest and the extension tube, residue deposition is carried out in the lower gas box after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and SO after deposition₃By SO₃The heat exchange gas is discharged to the next procedure to complete the SO treatment₃Heat exchange and temperature reduction and residue deposition;

the SO₂Heat exchange and temperature rise process in SO₂The heat exchange pipeline carries out: SO (SO)₂Into SO₂The inlet of the annular pipe is divided into two paths: 85% SO₂SO entering the tube space and tube space of the heat exchange tube array through the multilayer hollow ring pipe network₃Heat exchange is carried out, and SO is sequentially passed through after heat exchange₂Gas inlet annular tube and SO₂Gas outlet circular pipe enters SO₂In the outlet of the annular pipe, SO is passed₂The outlet of the annular pipe enters other pipelines; the rest 85 percent of SO₂The SO enters the central heat exchange tube through the inlet of the central heat pipe for heat exchange, and the heat exchanged SO₂Enters SO through the outlet 6 of the central heat exchange tube₂In the outlet of the annular pipe, SO is passed₂The outlet of the annular pipe enters other pipelines.

Example 1: the third heat exchanger 2368 of the acid preparation A system of the Paotianding copper industry development Limited company is a square meter, the weight is 99 tons, the shell Q235 is 20 grams, the diameter of the pipe is 51 x 3.5 x 8.89 meters, and the following problems exist after 8 years of operation:

1. the resistance is large, 1500Pa between pipes and 4000Pa in the pipe;

2. the consumption of electricity is about 1.5 degrees per ton of acid;

3. cause unsmooth heat exchange, high-temperature corrosion, serious air leakage and on-site SO₂The taste is thick, the environmental protection requirement is not met, and the normal production cannot be realized;

in the above-mentioned case: the company determines that the low-pressure-drop corrosion-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger is replaced in 2020 overhaul, and the relevant parameters of the new heat exchanger are as follows:

1. the target is as follows: resistance is reduced, corrosion is prevented, investment is saved, and operating cost is reduced;

2. equipment parameters: the area is 2784 square meters, more than 416 square meters, and the resistance is reduced by 3234 Pa;

3. the investment is saved: the heat exchange tube is changed into a tube with the weight of 20g, the lower part is connected with 316L of 1.5m, the upper air box is changed into a tube with the weight of 304, and a carbon steel liner of a bottom plate of the lower air box is a 316L plate with the height of 1 m and the thickness of 5 mm; the lower side plate and the enclosing plate of the SO2 air inlet box adopt 316L plates, and the other plates are 20 g; 316L weight: the changed pipe 51 is 3.5, 6.01, 2987, 71.277 tons, and 10.6 tons more than the original equipment pipe; total investment equipment manufacturing installation and 185 ten thousand yuan (no crane cost);

the three heat exchangers of the system A are replaced to be prepared at the beginning of 2020.4 months, the system A is stopped, overhauled and installed at 8 months in 2020, the installation is completed in 8 days, the system A is put into operation in 9 months, and the acceptance results are as follows:

(1) the original total resistance (inside and outside the pipe) of the three-way valve is 478mmH2O, the existing total resistance is 180mmH2O, and 298mmH2O is reduced;

(2) yield of sulfuric acid: the original yield is 45t/h, the current yield is 5Ot/h, and the yield is improved by 11 percent;

(3) heat transfer coefficient: the original is 22 (KmW/m)²Now 27.6 (KmW/m.degree. C.) ]²DEG C), the heat exchange efficiency is improved by more than 6 percent;

(4) the original heat exchanger is made of 20g steel, 316L stainless steel is connected at present, and the service life is prolonged by not less than 5 years.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger which characterized in that: comprises a cylinder body (11), and a lower air box (9), an upper air box (10) and an SO which are arranged in the cylinder body (11)₃Cooling pipeline, SO₂The lower gas tank (9) is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body (11), the upper gas tank (10) is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder body (11), and the SO is arranged in the heat exchange pipeline₃Temperature reduction pipeline and SO₂The heat exchange pipelines are mutually countercurrent pipelines, and SO₃The cooling pipeline is an upper inlet and a lower outlet, SO₂The heat exchange pipeline is in a lower inlet and an upper outlet;

the SO₃The cooling pipeline comprises SO₃Inlet upper air box (1), SO₃A heat exchange gas outlet (2) and a heat exchange tube array (12), the SO₃The inlet upper air box (1) is arranged on the upper air box (10) and is communicated with a plurality of heat exchange tubes (12) to form a plurality of SO pairs₃A temperature-reducing gas channel, wherein the lower end of the heat exchange tube array (12) is communicated with a lower gas box (9), and the lower gas box (9) is communicated with SO₃The heat exchange gas outlets (2) are communicated, and the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes (12) are also provided with heat exchange tube array flower plates (7);

the SO₂The heat exchange pipeline comprises SO₂Annular pipe inlet (3), primary heat exchange pipeline, secondary heat exchange loop and SO₂Outlet (4) of annular tube, SO₂The outlet of the annular pipe inlet (3) is respectively communicated with a primary heat exchange pipeline and a secondary heat exchange loop, and the tail ends of the primary heat exchange pipeline and the secondary heat exchange loop are respectively communicated with SO₂The outlets (4) of the annular pipes are communicated.

2. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary heat exchange pipeline comprises SO₂Gas outlet annular pipe (14), SO₂The utility model provides a cavity between gas inlet ring pipe (15), a plurality of hollow ring pipe network (16) and heat transfer tubulation (12), hollow ring pipe network (16) set up in the cavity between the tubes, and heat transfer tubulation (12) pass hollow ring pipe network (16) and set up, and hollow ring pipe network (16) and SO₂The gas inlet end of the gas inlet annular pipe (15) is communicated with the SO₂The other end of the gas inlet annular pipe (15) and the SO₂One end of the gas outlet annular pipe (14) is communicated with the SO₂The other end of the gas outlet annular pipe (14) is connected with SO₂The outlets (4) of the annular pipes are communicated.

3. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hollow ring pipe network (16) is a spiral-flow type hollow ring pipe which is equidistantly arranged on the outer periphery of the heat exchange tube array (12) on the lower side of the heat exchange tube array flower plate (7), and a filter screen (16-1) is arranged in the hollow ring pipe network (16).

4. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary heat exchange loop comprises a central heat pipe inlet (5), a central heat exchange pipe outlet (6) and a central heat exchange pipe (8), wherein one end of the central heat pipe inlet (5) is connected with the SO₂The annular tube inlet (3) is communicated, the other end of the annular tube inlet is communicated with one end of the central heat exchange tube (8), the other end of the central heat exchange tube (8) is communicated with the central heat exchange tube outlet (6), and the other end of the central heat exchange tube outlet (6) is communicated with SO₂The outlets (4) of the annular pipes are communicated; the central heat exchange tube (8) is arranged at the center of the tube side.

5. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange tube array (12) is a retractable 316L stainless steel tube, a long extension tube (13) is welded at the lower end of the heat exchange tube array (12), and the long extension tube (13) is a 316L stainless steel tube and is communicated with the lower gas box (9); the length of the long pipe (13) is 1.5 m.

6. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: the heat exchange tube array flower plate (7), the central heat exchange tube (8), the upper air box (10) and the hollow ring pipe network (16) are all made of 304 stainless steel; the lower air box (9) and SO₂Gas outlet annular pipe (14), SO₂The gas inlet annular pipes (15) are all made of 316L stainless steel; the cylinder body (11) is made of heat-resistant steel.

7. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder body (11) and SO₂A cylinder body protection mechanism is also arranged between the air inlet ends of the annular pipe inlets (3), and comprises main air inletPipe (17), atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly and main outlet duct (28), the inlet end of main intake pipe (17) passes through control valve (18) and is connected with the lateral wall of barrel (11) to run through the lateral wall and the intertube cavity intercommunication of barrel (11), the end of giving vent to anger of main intake pipe (17) is connected with atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly, atmospheric pressure regulation and control subassembly is connected with main outlet duct (28), main outlet duct (28) are through one-way control valve (27) and SO₂The inlet (3) of the annular pipe is connected and passes through the SO₂Side wall of inlet of annular pipe and SO₂The inner cavity of the inlet of the annular pipe is communicated; the utility model discloses a pneumatic control assembly, including stopper pipe (21), atmospheric pressure balance pipe (23) and movable valve body (22), stopper pipe (21) are the hollow tube, be provided with a plurality of trachea connecting holes on stopper pipe (21), be connected with atmospheric pressure balance pipe (23), main intake pipe (17) and main outlet duct (28) respectively, movable valve body (22) activity sets up in the cavity of stopper pipe (21), slides along the cavity of stopper pipe (21), and is connected through the cavity inner wall of spring (24) and stopper pipe (21), still set gradually first spacing ring (211) and second spacing ring (212) in stopper pipe (21), first spacing ring (211) and second spacing ring (212) use with the valve block cooperation that sets up at movable valve body (22) both ends respectively.

8. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: the main air inlet pipe (17) is communicated with an inner cavity of the plug pipe (21) through a first air inlet branch pipe (19) and a second air inlet branch pipe (20) respectively, and the second air inlet branch pipe (20) is arranged at the tail end of the plug pipe (21); the main gas outlet pipe (28) is communicated with the inner cavity of the plug pipe (21) through a first gas outlet branch pipe (25) and a second gas outlet branch pipe (26).

9. A low pressure drop corrosion resistant shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: the one-way control valve (27) is arranged on a pipeline of the main air outlet pipe (28) and comprises a control valve body, a third air outlet branch pipe (29) and a fourth air outlet branch pipe (30) which are arranged on the control valve body, the air inlet end of the control valve body is connected with the main air outlet pipe (28), the air outlet end is respectively connected with the main air outlet pipe (28) through the third air outlet branch pipe (29) and the fourth air outlet branch pipe (30), and the fourth air outlet branch pipe (30) is an arc-shaped pipeline; this internal blotter (271) and valve plate (272) of being provided with of control valve, valve plate (272) hinge sets up in the inner chamber of control valve body, and is provided with closing stopper (2721) at the dorsal part of valve plate (272), blotter (271) set up on the control valve body inner wall with valve plate (272) relative one side, and be provided with seal groove (2711) on blotter (271), seal groove (2711) and setting are used with the cooperation of sealed arch (2722) at valve plate (272) lower extreme.

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