CN216894538U - Water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology - Google Patents
Water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN216894538U CN216894538U CN202122048600.3U CN202122048600U CN216894538U CN 216894538 U CN216894538 U CN 216894538U CN 202122048600 U CN202122048600 U CN 202122048600U CN 216894538 U CN216894538 U CN 216894538U
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- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The utility model discloses a water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology, which comprises: the optical fiber cable, the guide pipe and the fully distributed optical fiber sensing instrument; wherein: the optical cable is of an inverted U-shaped structure, so that the optical cable is divided into a left optical cable, a bent optical cable and a right optical cable; the guide tube is positioned in the inverted U-shaped structure, the left optical cable and the right optical cable of the guide tube are respectively positioned on the tube walls on the two sides of the guide tube and are distributed along the length direction of the tube walls, the optical cable and the guide tube are connected into a whole and then are jointly inserted and fixed in a drill hole, and the drill hole is an inclined hole formed along a collapse line formed by collapse of overlying rocks; and both ends of the optical cable are connected with the fully-distributed optical fiber sensing instrument. The device can accurately monitor the dynamic height of the development of the water-flowing fractured zone in the underground coal mining process of the coal mine, forecast the dynamic height development rule of the water-flowing fractured zone along with the mining of a working face, and provide effective basic data for effectively preventing and controlling gas and water damage accidents.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring of a water flowing fractured zone, in particular to a water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology.
Background
After the coal seam is mined, the overburden rocks influenced by mining can not only deform, but also crack in a large range until the ground surface sinks. The underground overburden mining change of the coal mine forms three vertical zones: a caving band, a crack band, and a bending sink band. The caving zone and the fissure zone form a water-flowing fissure zone which is a migration channel and an enrichment area of fluid, including water, gas and the like. The water-guiding fractured zone is the main reason for coal mine gas explosion accidents and underground water inrush well flooding accidents. The prediction of the height development rule of the current water flowing fractured zone is a precondition for preventing and treating gas accidents and controlling water damage in coal mines and is also one of the main means. Because coal mine accidents seriously obstruct the safe production of coal mines, on one hand, casualties and property loss are caused; on the other hand, the coal mine worker faces a challenge in the prior art when taking measures to prevent coal mine accidents because the coal mine worker stops working and even discards the working face, which causes great waste of coal resources. Gas explosion, coal mine water inrush accidents, coal dust explosion, underground fire disasters, and six serious accidents of coal dust and gas emission are related to the damage and deformation of the mining overburden rock of the coal bed. The water-conducting fractured zone is a channel for gas and water migration and an enrichment place in an underground rock stratum of a coal mine, and the monitoring of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone plays an important role in preventing and treating gas explosion accidents and underground water inrush well flooding accidents of the coal mine.
The conventional water flowing fractured zone testing method mainly comprises a drilling flushing fluid method, an underground upward hole water injection leakage detection method, a drilling deep base point method, an ultrasonic imaging and digital logging method, an ultrasonic penetration method, an electrical method, a microseismic detection method, a drilling television method and the like. However, the traditional methods for monitoring the height of the water flowing fractured zone have several substantial defects in practical application, such as low quantitative degree, dependence on individual subjective judgment, point observation mode and the like, which are difficult to reflect deformation and damage of the overlying rock mass caused by actual field mining and accurately predict the height of the water flowing fractured zone. In particular, these methods do not accurately and dynamically reflect the entire process of overburden strain change, deformation and failure during production. The defects of the traditional monitoring technology and method seriously hinder accurate monitoring of the height of the water flowing fractured zone caused by deformation and damage of overlying strata by people, and influence the correct judgment of the people on the geological disaster of the mine and the implementation of prevention and control measures.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides a water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology, which can accurately monitor the dynamic height of the development of the water-flowing fractured zone in the underground coal mining process of a coal mine, carry out dynamic height development rule prediction of the development of the water-flowing fractured zone along with a working face, and provide effective basic data for effectively preventing and controlling gas and water damage accidents. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
A water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology comprises: optical cable, guide tube and full distributed optical fiber strain analyzer. Wherein: the optical cable is an inverted U-shaped structure formed by bending an optical cable, so that the optical cable is divided into a left optical cable, a bent optical cable and a right optical cable. The guide tube is arranged in the inverted U-shaped structure, the left optical cable and the right optical cable of the guide tube are respectively arranged on the tube walls on the two sides of the guide tube and distributed along the length direction of the tube walls, the optical cable at the top end of the guide tube is connected with the guide tube into a whole, then the optical cable and the guide tube are guided into the guide tube and fixed in a drill hole together, and the drill hole is an inclined upward hole formed along a overlying rock collapse line. And both ends of the optical cable are connected with the fully-distributed optical fiber strain analyzer.
Further, the inclination angle of the drilling hole is 3-5 degrees smaller than the caving angle of the caving line.
Further, the optical cable is bound to the guide tube by a binding member to prevent the optical cable from falling off the guide tube.
Further, the guide pipe and the drill hole are filled with grouting materials, so that synchronous coupling deformation of the optical cable in the drill hole and the overburden layer is guaranteed.
Furthermore, a conical head is fixed at the top end of the guide tube, so that the optical cable is bent in a U shape, and the phenomenon of excessive light loss is prevented.
Further, the optical cable is a steel strand optical cable, and the optical cable has better strength and is convenient to install in a drilled hole.
Furthermore, two ends of the optical cable are respectively welded with two common communication optical cables outside the drill hole, and the two common communication optical cables are both connected with the fully-distributed optical fiber strain analyzer.
Furthermore, the lower port of the drill hole is positioned in an air inlet tunnel of the coal face, and the air inlet tunnel is a channel into which fresh airflow is blown, so that the arrangement and the actual monitoring operation of optical fibers are facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the monitoring device, after the coal seam is mined out, the optical cable is arranged along the caving line to drill the hole along the caving line formed by caving the overlying rock stratum in the goaf, and then the optical cable is arranged in the drilled hole, so that the optical cable can be ensured to be capable of testing the development height of the water-flowing fractured zone in real time on one hand, and is not influenced by breakage caused by rock stratum caving on the other hand, the dynamic height of the development of the water-flowing fractured zone in the underground coal mining process of a coal mine can be accurately monitored, the dynamic height development rule prediction of the water-flowing fractured zone along with the mining of a working face is carried out, and effective basic data are provided for effectively preventing and treating gas and water damage accidents.
(2) The monitoring device of the utility model can be used for simply judging the heights of the caving zone and the water guide column zone from the strain peak value and the inflection point of the strain leveling platform. The measurement precision can reach 0.05m, the technical position calibration is accurate, the prediction of the height of the water flowing fractured zone is more accurate, and the monitoring scheme is simple and easy to operate and easy to popularize and apply.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the drilled holes in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology in the embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an optical cable and a guide tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figures represent: the method comprises the following steps of 1-optical cable, 2-guide pipe, 3-drill hole, 4-full distributed optical fiber strain analyzer, 5-binding part, 6-conical head, 7-air inlet lane and K-collapse line.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the utility model as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology of the present invention is described in detail by taking the water flowing fractured zone height monitoring in the coal mining process as an example, and includes: an optical cable 1, a guide tube 2 and a fully distributed optical fiber strain analyzer. Wherein: the optical cable 1 is a steel stranded wire optical cable which has better strength and is convenient to install in the drill hole 3.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical cable 1 is an inverted "U" shaped structure bent by one optical cable such that the optical cable 1 is divided into a left optical cable, a bent optical cable, and a right optical cable. The guide tube 2 is arranged in the inverted U-shaped structure, the left optical cable and the right optical cable of the guide tube are respectively arranged on the tube walls of two sides of the guide tube 2 and distributed along the length direction of the tube walls, and the optical cable at the bent part is arranged at the top end part of the guide tube 2. The guide pipe 2 is a PVC pipe,
referring to fig. 1, the borehole 3 is an inclined overhead borehole formed along the overburden caving line K. The lower port of the drill hole 3 is positioned in an air inlet lane 7 of the coal face, and the air inlet lane 7 is a channel into which fresh air flow is blown, so that the arrangement and actual monitoring operation of optical fibers are facilitated. And drilling holes upwards from the overhead hole of the top plate of the air inlet roadway and extending into the overburden rock. The vertical projected height of the borehole requires a calculated value that exceeds the height of the water-flowing fractured zone.
Referring to fig. 2, the optical cable 1 is integrally bound to the guide tube 2 by the binding member 5 and then guided and fixed in the bore hole 3 together, and the optical cable 1 extends up to the bottom of the bore hole 3. And the guide pipe 2 and the drill hole 3 are filled with grouting materials, so that synchronous coupling deformation of the optical cable 1 in the drill hole 3 and the overlying rock stratum is ensured, and the drill hole 3 is sealed during grouting. Two ends of the optical cable 1 are respectively welded with two common communication optical cables outside the drill hole 3, and the two common communication optical cables are connected with a fully-distributed optical fiber strain analyzer 4.
In another preferred embodiment, the inclination angle of the drill hole 3 is 3-5 degrees smaller than the collapse angle of the collapse line K, so that the lower half part of the drill hole 3 is outside the overlying rock collapse zone of the goaf and is not directly influenced by the direct action of the overlying rock collapse, and the smooth implementation of field monitoring is facilitated. The caving angle can be provided by a coal mine production unit according to actual production practice.
With continued reference to fig. 3, in another preferred embodiment, a tapered head 6 is fixed to the top end of the guide tube 2 to bend the cable into a U-shape to prevent excessive optical loss.
When the monitoring device is adopted, only a drill hole needs to be drilled along a overlying rock collapse line, an optical cable 1 is arranged in the drill hole 3 by virtue of the guide pipe 2, a fully distributed optical fiber strain analyzer is connected with the drill hole 4 (such as BOTDRAV6419) to carry out strain distribution monitoring, overlying rock mining deformation formed by the optical cable in the drill hole along with coal mining of a working face is monitored in real time by BOTDR, and then the dynamic development process of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone is judged in real time by optical fiber strain curve distribution. Thus, as the face is mined, the face is advanced progressively closer to, through and further from the borehole. At the moment, the overlying strata layer of the goaf gradually collapses, fractures and cracks from bottom to top, so that the optical cable in the drilled hole has a strain change curve with a peak value and step distribution, and the position of the height of the overlying strata caving zone can be obtained according to the strain curve of the optical fiber in the drilled hole and the position of the strain peak value of the optical fiber; and obtaining the height position of the water flowing fractured zone according to the turning position of the strain step. The optical cable strain curve corresponds to the position of the rock stratum, the dynamic development rule that the height of the water-conducting fractured zone continuously develops upwards on different rock stratums along with the continuous advancing of the coal face can be accurately judged, and the dynamic height of the water-conducting fractured zone at different moments can be obtained in real time, so that the dynamic height of the water-conducting fractured zone development can be continuously monitored in a distributed mode in real time, and the optical cable strain curve has important help functions on coal mining production design, gas drainage and water hazard treatment of a coal mine.
Finally, it should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive changes in the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a water guide fissure area height monitoring devices based on distributed optical fiber sensing technique which characterized in that includes: the optical fiber cable, the guide pipe and the fully distributed optical fiber sensing instrument; wherein: the optical cable is an inverted U-shaped structure formed by bending an optical cable, so that the optical cable is divided into a left optical cable, a bent optical cable and a right optical cable; the guide pipe is positioned in the inverted U-shaped structure, the left optical cable and the right optical cable of the guide pipe are respectively positioned on the pipe walls on the two sides of the guide pipe and distributed along the length direction of the pipe walls, the optical cable at the top end of the guide pipe is positioned at the bent part, the optical cable and the guide pipe are connected into a whole and then are together guided into and fixed in a drill hole, and the drill hole is an inclined hole formed along a collapse line formed by collapse of overlying rock; and both ends of the optical cable are connected with the fully distributed optical fibers.
2. The device for monitoring the height of the water flowing fractured zone based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology is characterized in that the inclination angle of the drill hole is 3-5 degrees smaller than the collapse angle of a collapse line.
3. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device is characterized in that the optical cable is bound on the guide pipe through a binding component.
4. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device is characterized in that the guiding pipe and the drill hole are filled with grouting materials, so that synchronous coupling deformation of an optical cable in the drill hole and an overlying rock layer is guaranteed.
5. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device is characterized in that a conical head is fixed to the top end of the guide pipe.
6. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water flowing fractured zone height monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the optical cable is a steel strand optical cable.
7. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein two ends of the optical cable are respectively welded with two common communication optical cables outside the drilled hole, and the two common communication optical cables are both connected with the fully distributed optical fiber.
8. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology-based water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device is characterized in that the lower port of the drill hole is located in an air inlet roadway of a coal face.
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| CN202122048600.3U CN216894538U (en) | 2021-08-28 | 2021-08-28 | Water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
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| CN202122048600.3U CN216894538U (en) | 2021-08-28 | 2021-08-28 | Water-flowing fractured zone height monitoring device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116929237A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Application and use method of optical fiber in coal mine roof three-zone monitoring |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116929237A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Application and use method of optical fiber in coal mine roof three-zone monitoring |
| CN116929237B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2024-04-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Application and use method of optical fiber in coal mine roof three-zone monitoring |
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