CN216892550U

CN216892550U - Deep water suction pile well construction experimental device

Info

Publication number: CN216892550U
Application number: CN202123195737.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐东升; 杨进; 傅超; 于辰; 陈柯锦; 赵宇航; 马阔; 朱春霖; 林方坚; 贾舒
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Priority date: 2021-12-17
Filing date: 2021-12-17
Publication date: 2022-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-17

Abstract

The application provides a deep water suction stake well construction experimental apparatus, experimental apparatus includes: the kettle body is used for filling a soil layer and saline water with preset density; a kettle cover; a run in assembly comprising: the suction pile is a hollow cylinder, the bottom end of the suction pile is an open end, and the top end of the suction pile penetrates through the drill rod to form a closed end; a gas injection assembly comprising: a first pressure sensor; an air inlet pipeline is arranged between the air storage tank and the hollow cavity, and a booster pump and an air inlet control valve are arranged on the air inlet pipeline; a suction assembly comprising: a suction pipeline is arranged between the recovery tank and the drill rod, and a suction pump and a suction control valve are arranged on the suction pipeline; the experimental frame is provided with a tension mechanism and a displacement measuring meter, and the tension measuring meter is arranged between the tension mechanism and the drill rod. The method and the device can accurately simulate the deepwater high-pressure environment and the process of inserting the suction pile into the well so as to reveal the change rule of relevant process parameters when the suction pile is used for carrying out deepwater surface layer well construction.

Description

Deep water suction pile well construction experimental device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of deepwater oil and gas drilling, in particular to a deepwater suction pile well construction experimental device.

Background

At present, the exploration and development operation of marine oil is gradually changed from a shallow sea offshore area to a deep sea offshore area, so that the area of the exploration and development area of marine oil and gas is increased, and more oil and gas discovery is sought.

The deep water surface layer well construction mainly adopts jet pipe laying well construction, the operation mode is single, and the requirement on the geological environment is high. And the deep water surface layer has the characteristics of high geological risk, loose shallow soil, shallow abnormal geological phenomena (shallow faults, shallow gas, shallow laminar flow, natural gas hydrate and the like), and the like, so that the conventional conduit jet well construction process has low capability of coping with the shallow geological risk. The well is built by adopting a jet guide pipe, and the seabed soil and mud form a channel to be fed into the guide pipe under the action of hydraulic jet. During run in, the conductor pipe, under its own weight, sinks down the hole drilled with the drill bit and squeezes the surrounding formation to the design depth. After running to the design depth, after a certain "waiting time", cementing stresses are built up between the pipe and the formation clay and consolidated over time, thus ensuring that the pipe is "suspended" from sinking.

In order to enable the conduit to be "suspended" without sinking, it is necessary to ensure that the conduit has sufficient load bearing capacity in the sub-sea soil. And the lateral friction between the guide pipe and the stratum can make up the shortage of the bearing capacity of the stratum. In the process of well construction by adopting the jet guide pipe, if the jet force is too small, the friction force between the guide pipe and the seabed soil is easily increased, so that the running time is too long and even the running is not in place; if the injection force is too large, the time for the seabed clay to recover the cementing stress is long, so that the backfill time of the seabed soil is not good, and the conduit sinks. In contrast, the suction pile well construction has the advantages that the well can be lowered by using a marine engineering ship, meanwhile, the suction pile is not easy to sink due to the fact that the suction pile is large in size and can be lowered in a negative pressure mode, and the suction pile can be recycled. In view of the advantages, the suction pile is widely applied to deep water surface well construction.

However, the time and process of inserting the suction pile can be affected by environmental factors such as the high-pressure environment of deep sea, high temperature during deep water development work, and the soil quality parameters of the sea (different frictional forces of sand, clay and silt). In addition, the shape of the suction pile, gravity and other factors are related to the bearing capacity of the suction pile in the stratum. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the process of constructing the deep water surface suction pile well, so as to effectively evaluate the influencing factors of the deep water development operation process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides the deepwater suction pile well construction experimental device which can accurately simulate a deepwater high-pressure environment and the process of inserting the suction pile into the deepwater high-pressure environment so as to reveal the change rule of relevant process parameters when the suction pile is used for carrying out deepwater surface layer well construction. The technical scheme is as follows:

a deep water suction pile well construction experiment device comprises:

the device comprises a kettle body, a water tank and a water tank, wherein the kettle body is provided with a hollow chamber, and the hollow chamber is used for filling a soil layer and saline water with preset density;

the kettle cover is used for sealing the hollow cavity and is provided with a through hole;

a run in assembly comprising: the suction pile is a hollow cylinder body, the cylinder body is provided with a top end and a bottom end which are opposite, the bottom end is an open end, the top end penetrates through the drill rod to form a closed end, and the drill rod penetrates through the through hole;

a gas injection assembly comprising: a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure inside the hollow chamber; an air inlet pipeline is arranged between the air storage tank and the hollow cavity, and a booster pump and an air inlet control valve are arranged on the air inlet pipeline;

a suction assembly comprising: a suction pipeline is arranged between the recovery tank and the drill rod, and a suction pump and a suction control valve are arranged on the suction pipeline;

the experimental frame is provided with a tension mechanism and a displacement measuring meter, the displacement measuring meter is used for detecting the penetration depth of the penetration assembly, and the tension mechanism and the drill rod are provided with the tension measuring meter for measuring tension.

In a preferred embodiment, a pressure controller, an emergency relief valve and a decompression pump are arranged on the suction pipeline in sequence downstream of the suction pump.

As a preferred embodiment, a two-phase separator is arranged between the decompression pump and the recovery tank, the two-phase separator is provided with an exhaust pipeline communicated with the outside, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve; and the gas separated by the two-phase separator is discharged through the exhaust pipeline, and the separated liquid and solid flow into the recovery tank along the suction pipeline.

As a preferred embodiment, the experimental apparatus is further provided with a discharge assembly comprising: an air outlet arranged on the kettle cover; and the discharge pipeline is communicated with the exhaust port, and a second pressure sensor and an outlet control valve are arranged on the discharge pipeline.

As a preferred embodiment, the tension mechanism comprises: the tension measuring meter is connected between the steel wire rope and the drill rod.

In a preferred embodiment, the displacement gauge is a graduated scale, and the drill rod is provided with a displacement measuring pointer for reading the scale.

Has the advantages that:

the application provides a deep water suction stake well construction experimental apparatus reaches the deep water pressure condition through filling salt water cooperation injection high-pressure gas in to the cauldron body, can simulate the high-pressure environment under the deep water condition of ocean drilling. The suction pile is suspended and lifted by the drill rod and is put into the well, the putting-in process of the deep water suction pile can be simulated, and the change rule of the process parameters when the suction pile is used for carrying out deep water surface well construction is researched, so that the deep water surface well construction mode can be mastered.

Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope.

Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep water suction pile well construction experimental device provided by an embodiment of the application.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a recycling bin; 2. a two-phase separator; 3. an exhaust valve; 4. a pressure reducing pump; 5. an emergency safety valve; 6. a pressure controller; 7. a suction pump; 8. an air intake line; 9. a booster pump; 10. a nitrogen injection control valve; 11. a gas storage tank; 12. a suction line; 13. a first pressure sensor; 14. an air intake control valve; 15. an experiment frame; 16. a first crossover sub; 17. an air inlet; 18. a second crossover sub; 19. an elevator; 20. a displacement gauge; 21. a wire rope; 22. a tension meter; 23. a second pressure sensor; 24. a discharge line; 25. an outlet control valve; 26. a third crossover sub; 27. an exhaust port; 28. fixing the bolt; 29. a kettle cover; 30. a displacement measuring pointer; 32. a drill stem; 33. brine; 34. a suction pile; 35. a soil layer; 36. a kettle body; 37. a suction control valve.

Detailed Description

While the utility model will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention, and that various equivalent modifications can be effected therein by those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Specifically, an upward direction illustrated in fig. 1 is defined as "up", and a downward direction illustrated in fig. 1 is defined as "down". It should be noted that the definitions of the directions in this specification are only for convenience of explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and do not limit the directions of the deep water suction pile well construction experimental apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention in other scenarios that may cause the orientation of the apparatus to be reversed or the position of the apparatus to be changed, including but not limited to use, testing, transportation, and manufacturing.

The deep water surface well construction currently comprises a drilling method and a jet pipe descending method. The drilling method is influenced by the properties of the seabed soil, the borehole can not be found easily when the seabed soil is backfilled too fast, and the casing can not be put in or is half put in. Secondly, due to the low temperature of the seabed, the cementing cement is difficult to solidify, and the operation time efficiency is influenced (the daily average cost of the ocean deepwater drilling platform is about 16 ten thousand dollars). The well is built by jetting and guiding pipe method, which is to make the soil and mud at the bottom of the sea form a channel and enter the guiding pipe by the action of hydraulic jetting. Compared with the prior art, the well is built by the suction piles, the well can be lowered by using an ocean engineering ship, and the suction piles are not easy to sink due to the fact that the suction piles are large in size and can be embedded into the sea bottom soil in a negative pressure mode.

The suction pile is a shape similar to an inverted 'bucket' foundation with a closed upper end and an open bottom. The suction pile has the advantages of high construction speed, low construction cost, recyclability and the like, is widely used as a foundation for mooring a floating structure and an offshore oil and gas platform, is gradually planned to be applied to deep water surface layer well construction, and is used as a storage mode of a traditional jet run-in guide pipe.

The deep water suction pile well construction experiment device provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for simulating the suction pile well construction process under the deep water or ultra-deep water drilling condition on the basis of the suction pile. In the field of offshore drilling, drilling at water depths greater than 500m is referred to as deepwater drilling, and drilling at water depths greater than 1500m is ultra deepwater drilling. Under the condition of deep water drilling, the water pressure is gradually increased along with the depth of the well, and under the condition of ultra-deep water drilling, the ultra-high water pressure can reach 15 MPa.

As shown in fig. 1, the experimental apparatus includes: the reaction kettle comprises a kettle body 36, wherein the kettle body 36 is provided with a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is filled with a soil layer 35 and saline water 33 with a preset density; the kettle cover 29 is used for sealing the hollow cavity, and the kettle cover 29 is provided with a through hole; a run in assembly comprising: a suction pile 34 and a drill rod 32, wherein the suction pile 34 is a hollow cylinder body, the cylinder body is provided with a top end and a bottom end which are opposite, the bottom end is an open end, the top end penetrates through the drill rod 32 to form a closed end, and the drill rod 32 penetrates through the through hole; a gas injection assembly comprising: a first pressure sensor 13 for detecting the pressure inside the hollow chamber; an air inlet pipeline 8 is arranged between the air storage tank 11 and the hollow cavity, and a booster pump 9 and an air inlet control valve 14 are arranged on the air inlet pipeline 8; a suction assembly comprising: a recovery tank 1, wherein a suction pipeline 12 is arranged between the recovery tank 1 and the drill rod 32, and a suction pump 7 and a suction control valve 37 are arranged on the suction pipeline 12; the experiment frame 15 is provided with a tension mechanism and a displacement measuring meter 20, the displacement measuring meter 20 is used for detecting the lowering depth of the lowered component, and a tension measuring meter 22 used for measuring tension is arranged between the tension mechanism and the drill rod 32.

The deepwater suction pile well construction experimental device provided by the application can simulate a high-pressure environment under a deepwater condition of ocean drilling by filling saline water into the kettle body 36 and injecting high-pressure gas in a matched manner to achieve the deepwater pressure condition. The suction pile 34 is suspended and lifted through the drill rod 32 and is lowered, so that the lowering process of the deep water suction pile 34 can be simulated, the change rule of the process parameters when the suction pile 34 carries out deep water surface layer well building is researched, and the deep water surface layer well building mode is mastered.

The kettle body 36 is used for simulating a deepwater environment and is made of a high-pressure-resistant material. The hollow chamber in the kettle body 36 is filled with a seabed soil layer 35 and salt water 33 which is configured according to a certain proportion. The brine 33 is used to simulate seawater and preferably has a density of 1.03g/cm³. The soil layer 35 can be replaced by soil bodies with different properties, such as sandy soil, clay and silt soil, in the experimental process, so that the process of putting the suction pile 34 into the soil with different properties can be simulated. The hollow chamber of the kettle body 36 is sealed by the kettle cover 29. The kettle body 36 and the kettle cover 29 can be sealed through the fixing bolts 28, so that the kettle cover 29 and the kettle body 36 can be conveniently separated, and the soil layer 35 can be conveniently cleaned and replaced.

The lower subassembly includes suction stake 34 and drilling rod 32, suction stake 34 is hollow barrel, the barrel has relative top and bottom, the bottom is the open end, the top is worn to establish drilling rod 32 forms the blind end, the top of drilling rod 32 is followed wear out in the through-hole, suction stake 34 is through connecting in the below of drilling rod 32, and the assurance that can be accurate is gone into perpendicularly. The top of the drill rod 32 is suspended on the experimental frame 15 through a tension mechanism, so that the whole suction pile 34 and the drill rod 32 can be lifted, lifted and lowered through the tension mechanism.

The injection assembly is used for injecting high-pressure gas into the hollow cavity of the kettle body 36, so that the deep water seabed environment is built by cooperation with the saline water 33 in the kettle body 36. The injection assembly includes a gas tank 11, and the gas tank 11 may be used for storing nitrogen or other types of inert gases, which is not limited in this application. An air inlet pipeline 8 is arranged between the air storage tank 11 and the hollow cavity of the kettle body 36, and a booster pump 9 and an air inlet control valve 14 for boosting the air are arranged on the air inlet pipeline 8. The intake control valve 14 may be provided downstream of the booster pump 9 on the intake line 8, thereby controlling the injection of the high-pressure gas. A nitrogen injection control valve 10 may be further disposed between the booster pump 9 and the gas storage tank 11 for controlling the boosting process of the booster pump 9 on the gas.

Further, the kettle cover 29 may be provided with an air inlet 17, and the air inlet 17 is used for communicating with the air inlet pipeline 8. In order to ensure the tightness of the connection of the intake port 17 to the intake line 8, a first switching joint 16 may be provided between the intake port 17 and the intake line 8. The first pressure sensor 13 is used for detecting the internal pressure of the hollow chamber of the kettle body 36, and the first pressure sensor 13 may be a pressure gauge, may be separately arranged on the kettle cover 29, and may also be arranged on the air inlet pipeline 8. Preferably, in order to ensure the intake air tightness, a first pressure sensor 13 is provided on the intake pipe 8 downstream of the intake air control valve 14.

The suction assembly is used to suck the fluid inside the suction pile 34, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the suction pile 34, and the suction pile 34 is driven into the soil layer 35 by the negative pressure. Specifically, when the suction pile 34 is embedded into the soil body by its own weight, the lower end of the cylinder is closed, and the water is pumped out through the suction pipe 12 connected to the drill rod 32, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the suction pile 34. When the pressing-in force formed by the difference between the internal and external pressures of the suction pile 34 acts on the suction pile 34 and the vertical downward pressure exceeds the frictional resistance formed between the soil on the seabed and the sidewall of the suction pile 34, the suction pile 34 is continuously pressed into the soil on the seabed.

The suction assembly comprises a recovery tank 1, the recovery tank 1 being used for recovering the reverse-draining soil layers 35 and the brine 33, and a suction pump 7 and a suction control valve 37 being arranged on the suction line 12 between the recovery tank 1 and the drill rod 32. The suction control valve 37 may be located upstream of the suction pump 7 on the suction line 12 to control the suction of liquid by the suction pump 7. In order to ensure the tightness when the suction line 12 is connected to the drill rod 32, a second adapter 18 may be provided between the suction line 12 and the drill rod 32.

Further, a pressure controller 6, an emergency safety valve 5 and a decompression pump 4 are sequentially arranged on the suction pipeline 12 downstream of the suction pump 7. The pressure controller 6 is used for preventing the pressure from being too large and causing damage to the equipment. When the pressure is excessive, the emergency relief valve 5 may be opened and depressurized by the depressurization pump 4. The standard of the judgment of the excessive pressure is to read whether the decreasing rate of the readings of the first pressure sensor 13 is too fast, if the readings of the first pressure sensor 13 are too fast in the pumping process, the potential safety hazard exists, and the emergency safety valve 5 needs to be opened.

It should be noted that "upstream" and "downstream" in the present specification are "upstream" and "downstream" in the flow direction of the fluid. For example, on the intake pipe 8, the intake control valve 14 is located downstream of the booster pump 9, and the air tank 11 is located upstream of the booster pump 9 in the flow direction of the fluid; the suction control valve 37 is located upstream of the suction pump 7 and the recovery tank 1 is located downstream of the suction pump 7 in the suction line in the flow direction of the fluid.

In one embodiment, a two-phase separator 2 is arranged between the decompression pump 4 and the recovery tank 1, the two-phase separator 2 is provided with an exhaust pipeline communicated with the outside, and an exhaust valve 3 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline; the gas separated by the two-phase separator 2 is discharged through the exhaust line, and the separated liquid and solid flow into the recovery tank 1 along the suction line 12. In this embodiment, the two-phase separator 2 is a liquid-solid separator, and the separated liquid and solid are reversely discharged to the recovery tank 1 for recycling.

In this specification, the experimental apparatus is further provided with a discharge assembly for discharging the gas in the hollow chamber of the kettle body 36. The discharge assembly includes: an exhaust port 27 provided on the kettle cover 29; and a discharge line 24 communicated with the exhaust port 27, wherein the discharge line 24 is provided with a second pressure sensor 23 and an outlet control valve 25. The second pressure sensor 23 is used to detect the outlet pressure and may be a pressure gauge. In order to ensure the sealing property when the exhaust port 27 is connected to the exhaust line 24, the exhaust port 27 is connected to the exhaust line 24 through a third adapter 26.

In this specification, the tension mechanism includes: an elevator 19 and a cable 21 connected to the elevator 19, the tension gauge 22 being connected between the cable 21 and the drill pipe 32. In particular, the elevator 19 is used to lift and lower the entire running assembly. The steel wire rope 21 is used for connecting the drill rod 32 and the elevator 19, and the steel wire rope 21 is specifically a non-rebound steel wire rope. A tension meter 22 is arranged between the steel wire rope 21 and the drill pipe 32, and the tension meter 22 is used for displaying the tension applied to the running-in component.

In the present specification, the displacement meter 20 is a graduated scale, and the drill rod 32 is provided with a displacement measuring pointer 30, and the displacement measuring pointer 30 is used for reading the number of the graduated scale. The displacement measuring pointer 30 on the drill rod 32 can be lifted up and lowered down together with the drill rod 32, can be used as a measuring reference, and can accurately and conveniently reflect the lowering depth of the lowering component by reading the reading on the graduated scale.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present application, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement the present application, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional.

A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

Claims

1. A deep water suction pile well construction experimental device is characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a kettle body, a water tank and a water tank, wherein the kettle body is provided with a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is used for filling a soil layer and saline water with preset density;

the experiment frame is provided with a tension mechanism and a displacement measuring meter, the displacement measuring meter is used for detecting the downward penetration depth of the downward penetration assembly, and the tension mechanism and the tension measuring meter used for measuring tension are arranged between the drill rods.

2. The deep water suction pile well construction experimental device is characterized in that a pressure controller, an emergency safety valve and a decompression pump are arranged on the suction pipeline in sequence at the downstream of the suction pump.

3. The deep water suction pile well construction experimental device is characterized in that a two-phase separator is arranged between the decompression pump and the recovery tank, the two-phase separator is provided with an exhaust pipeline communicated with the outside, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve; and the gas separated by the two-phase separator is discharged through the exhaust pipeline, and the separated liquid and solid flow into the recovery tank along the suction pipeline.

4. The deep water suction pile well construction experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device is further provided with a discharge assembly, and the discharge assembly comprises: an air outlet arranged on the kettle cover; and the discharge pipeline is communicated with the exhaust port, and a second pressure sensor and an outlet control valve are arranged on the discharge pipeline.

5. The deepwater suction pile well construction experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tension mechanism comprises: the tension measuring meter is connected between the steel wire rope and the drill rod.

6. The deep water suction pile well construction experimental device is characterized in that the displacement measuring meter is a graduated scale, and a displacement measuring pointer is arranged on the drill rod and used for reading the scale.