CN216879280U - Barrel type reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a barrel reactor, comprising a reactor shell and a heat exchange unit detachably installed in the reactor shell; the reactor shell is provided with a reaction material inlet, a reaction product outlet, a heat exchange unit The heat medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet; the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange drum, a heat exchange medium distributor and a heat exchange medium collector; adjacent heat exchange drums and between the heat exchange drum and the reactor shell are formed for The filling space of the catalyst is filled, which is convenient for loading and unloading; a heat exchange cavity for circulating the heat exchange medium is formed inside the heat exchange drum; compared with the traditional tubular reactor, the drum reactor has a larger heat exchange area, High-efficiency heat exchange can occur with the reaction material, and the number of heat exchange cylinders can be set according to the reaction requirements, so as to control the heat transfer efficiency between the reaction material and the heat exchange medium.

Description

barrel reactor

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of catalyst reactors, in particular to a cylindrical reactor.

Background technique

The industrial reaction process is always accompanied by a certain thermal effect, especially when the thermal effect of the reaction is large, the heat transfer problem is often the key to the design and operation of the reactor. For example, strong exothermic reactions such as selective catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide, methanol synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, carbon monoxide oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate, or carbon dioxide catalytic hydrogenation to prepare aviation kerosene are often accompanied by a large number of side reactions. The mechanism is complex, and a large amount of heat is released during the reaction, which can easily lead to the "flying temperature" of the reactor out of control. Moreover, the reaction system often contains a large number of unstable compounds, which are flammable and explosive, and will generate a large number of bubbles after decomposition. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the heat transfer efficiency, control the concentration of the reactants, and prevent the reaction from being too intense.

As one of the core equipment widely used in industrial production, tubular reactor has a series of advantages such as simple structure, large specific surface area, high controllability, low online volume and small back mixing. The tubular reactor can effectively control the flow rate in the tube and avoid the reaction being too intense, but in the process of strong exothermic reaction, the tubular reactor still has the following disadvantages:

In order to ensure the reaction efficiency, the pipe diameter of the tubular reactor should not be too low, which will lead to too small heat exchange area, and the bed layer is prone to over-temperature or flying temperature, thus affecting the single-column processing capacity. Moreover, the tubular reactor cannot control the heat transfer efficiency between the reaction material and the heat exchange medium.

In view of this, it is necessary to develop a new type of reactor to solve the above technical problems.

Utility model content

In view of the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a cylindrical reactor capable of efficient heat exchange and control of heat transfer efficiency.

The cylindrical reactor provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a reactor shell, and the reactor shell is provided with a reaction material inlet, a reaction product outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet which are communicated with the inside thereof; and a heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit is detachably installed in the reactor shell;

Wherein, the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of heat exchange cylinders nested from the inside to the outside, and a heat exchange medium distributor and a heat exchange medium collector respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange cylinder;

The two adjacent heat exchange cylinders are spaced to define a first filling space between them, and the outermost heat exchange cylinder is spaced from the inner sidewall of the reactor shell to define a first filling space between the two. A second filling space between; a heat exchange cavity for circulating heat exchange medium is formed inside the heat exchange cylinder;

The heat exchange medium distributor is arranged in fluid communication between the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange cylinder, and the heat exchange medium distributor receives the inflowing heat exchange medium from the heat exchange medium inlet and will flow into the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium is distributed to each heat exchange cylinder;

The heat exchange medium collector is arranged in fluid communication between the heat exchange medium outlet and the heat exchange cylinder, and the heat exchange medium collector collects and collects the heat exchange medium flowing out of each heat exchange cylinder The heat exchange medium converges to the heat exchange medium outlet.

Optionally, the reactor shell includes a cylindrical shell and an upper end cover and a lower end cover that are detachably connected to the cylindrical shell, and the reaction material inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet are provided on the upper end cover. , the reaction product outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet are arranged on the lower end cover.

Optionally, the heat exchange cylinder includes an annular top plate, an annular bottom plate and two cylindrical side plates arranged coaxially, and the annular top plate, the annular bottom plate and the two cylindrical side plates together enclose the heat exchange cavity.

Optionally, the heat exchange medium distributor is connected to the annular bottom plate through a connecting pipe, and the heat exchange medium collector is connected to the annular top plate through a connecting pipe.

Optionally, the connecting pipe is detachably connected to the heat exchange medium distributor, the heat exchange medium collector, the annular top plate and the annular bottom plate.

Optionally, at least one of the annular top plate and the annular bottom plate is detachable.

Optionally, a support member is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange cylinder, the annular bottom plate is detachably connected to the support member, the support member is detachably connected to the cylindrical shell, and the connection pipe passes through The support member is connected to the annular base plate.

Optionally, the heat exchange medium distributor and the heat exchange medium collector are hemispherical structures, and both are detachably connected to the lower end cover and the upper end cover, respectively.

Optionally, the heat exchange medium distributor and the heat exchange medium collector are communicated through a detachable central pipe; a plurality of heat exchange cylinders are arranged concentrically and annularly with the central pipe as the axis.

Optionally, an external heat exchange medium steam drum communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet is also included.

One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: since a plurality of heat exchange cylinders nested from the inside to the outside are installed in the reactor shell, the heat exchange area is increased compared to the traditional tubular reactor , which can efficiently exchange heat with the reaction material. In addition, since the heat exchange unit is detachably installed in the reactor shell, the number of heat exchange cylinders of the heat exchange unit can be set according to the reaction requirements, so as to control the heat transfer between the reaction material and the heat exchange medium by changing the heat exchange area It can be applied to the reaction system with a narrow reaction temperature window.

Another technical solution in the above-mentioned technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: since each part of the heat exchange unit such as the heat exchange cylinder, the heat exchange medium distributor and the heat exchange medium collector can be disassembled, it can be transported and loaded and unloaded independently, and the modularization Installation, thus improving the flexibility of the reactor, but also convenient for operators to carry out operations such as loading and unloading, inspection and maintenance.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention. For example, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the utility model embodiment;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange cylinder in an embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the connection schematic diagram of the external heat exchange medium steam drum in the embodiment of the utility model;

The numbers in the figure represent:

1. Reactor shell 11, cylindrical shell 12, upper end cap 13, lower end cap 14, reaction material inlet 15, heat exchange medium outlet 16, reaction product outlet 17, heat exchange medium inlet

2. Heat exchange unit 21, heat exchange cylinder 211, annular top plate 212, annular bottom plate 213, cylindrical side plate 214, heat exchange chamber 22, heat exchange medium distributor 23, heat exchange medium collector 24, central pipe 25, connection Tube 26, support member

31. The first filling space 32. The second filling space

4. External heat exchange medium steam drum.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawings in the accompanying drawings. Orientation; while "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a cylindrical reactor, which includes a reactor shell 1 and a heat exchange unit 2 detachably installed in the reactor shell 1 .

The reactor shell 1 includes a cylindrical shell 11 and an upper end cover 12 and a lower end cover 13 matching with the cylindrical shell 11. The upper end cover 12 and the lower end cover 13 are connected to each other by means of flange connection, screw connection or snap connection. The cylindrical casing 11 is detachably connected. The upper end cover 12 is provided with a reaction material inlet 14 and a heat exchange medium outlet 15, and the lower end cover 13 is provided with a reaction product outlet 16 and a heat exchange medium inlet 17, and the reaction material inlet 14, the reaction product outlet 16, and the heat exchange medium inlet. Both 17 and the heat exchange medium outlet 15 are in fluid communication with the interior of the cylindrical casing 11 . Wherein, the heat exchange medium inlet 17 and the heat exchange medium outlet 15 are arranged oppositely, the reaction material inlet 14 and the reaction product outlet 16 are arranged oppositely, and the reaction material inlet 14 and the reaction product outlet 16 may form a certain angle with the reactor shell 1 , in order to facilitate the transportation of reaction materials and reaction products.

The heat exchange unit 2 includes a plurality of heat exchange cylinders 21 arranged concentrically and annularly from the inside to the outside, a heat exchange medium distributor 22 located at the lower end of the heat exchange cylinder 21 and a heat exchange medium collector located at the upper end of the heat exchange cylinder 21. device 23. The specific structure of the heat exchange cylinder 21 is shown in FIG. 3 , including an annular top plate 211 , an annular bottom plate 212 and two cylindrical side plates 213 arranged coaxially. The annular top plate 211 , the annular bottom plate 212 and the two cylindrical side plates 213 are common A heat exchange cavity 214 for circulating heat exchange medium is enclosed. At least one of the annular top plate 211 and the annular bottom plate 212 is detachably connected to the cylindrical side plate 213 by means of clipping or the like, so as to facilitate the operator to repair and clean the heat exchange cylinder 21 .

The plurality of heat exchange cylinders 21 are independent from each other, and two adjacent heat exchange cylinders 21 are arranged at intervals to define a first filling space 31 between them, the outermost heat exchange cylinder 21 and the reactor shell The inner sidewalls of the body 1 are spaced to define a second filling space 32 therebetween. The catalyst can be directly filled in the first filling space 31 and the second filling space 32, so as to facilitate loading and unloading, and can be filled with various catalysts such as granular catalysts and felt-shaped catalysts, which has good applicability.

A central pipe 24 is provided at the axis of the heat exchange cylinder 21, and the heat exchange medium distributor 22 and the heat exchange medium collector 23 are in fluid communication through the central pipe 24, and both are connected to the central pipe 24 by means of snap connection or screw connection. Detachable connection. The heat exchange medium distributor 22 and the heat exchange medium collector 23 may be hemispherical structures, wherein the heat exchange medium distributor 22 is detachably connected to the lower end cover 13 through fasteners such as bolts or flanges, and is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet. 17 Fluid communication. The heat exchange medium collector 23 is detachably connected to the upper end cover 12 through fasteners such as bolts or flanges, and is in fluid communication with the heat exchange medium outlet 15 .

The heat exchange medium distributors 22 are respectively connected with the annular bottom plates 212 of the respective heat exchange cylinders 21 through the connecting pipes 25 , so that they are in fluid communication with the respective heat exchange chambers 214 . The heat exchange medium distributor 22 can receive the heat exchange medium flowing in from the heat exchange medium inlet 17 and evenly distribute the heat exchange medium to each heat exchange cylinder 21 .

The heat exchange medium collectors 23 are respectively connected with the annular top plates 211 of the respective heat exchange cylinders 21 through the connecting pipes 25 , so that they are in fluid communication with the respective heat exchange chambers 214 . The heat exchange medium collector 23 can collect the heat exchange medium flowing out of each heat exchange cylinder 21 and deliver the heat exchange medium to the heat exchange medium outlet 15 .

The connecting pipe 25 is detachably connected to the heat exchange medium distributor 22 , the heat exchange medium collector 23 , the annular top plate 211 and the annular bottom plate 212 through fasteners such as bolts or flanges.

The bottom of the heat exchange cylinder 21 may be provided with a support member 26, and the support member 26 is provided with a through hole for the connecting pipe 25 to pass through. The support member 26 is detachably connected to the cylindrical shell 11 through fasteners such as lugs, bolts or flanges, and the annular bottom plate 212 of the heat exchange cylinder 21 is also detachably connected to the support member 26 through fasteners such as bolts or flanges. , so that the heat exchange drum 21 and the catalyst are supported by the support member 26 .

During the reaction, the reaction material is transported into the reactor shell 1 through the reaction material inlet 14, flows through the shell side and reacts with the catalysts between the layers of heat exchange cylinders 21, and the resulting reaction product leaves through the reaction product outlet 16. Reactor shell 1. At the same time, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cylinders 21 of each layer exchanges heat with the catalyst to take away the heat generated by the reaction in the catalyst. The heat exchange medium after heat exchange is discharged from the heat exchange cylinder 21 , collected by the heat exchange medium collector 23 , and then leaves through the heat exchange medium outlet 15 .

In addition, it can be seen from the above that the heat exchange cylinder 21 , the heat exchange medium distributor 22 , the heat exchange medium collector 23 , the connecting pipe 25 and other components in the reactor shell 1 can be disassembled. Therefore, on the one hand, according to the reaction requirements Set the number, aspect ratio and thickness of the heat exchange cylinders 21 to adjust the heat exchange area and control the heat transfer efficiency between the reaction material and the heat exchange medium; It not only improves the flexibility of the reactor, but also facilitates the operator to carry out operations such as loading and unloading, inspection and maintenance.

As shown in FIG. 4 , an external heat exchange medium steam drum 4 can also be arranged between the heat exchange medium inlet 17 and the heat exchange medium outlet 15 , which can improve the grade of energy utilization and meet the requirements of energy saving and consumption reduction.

The barrel reactor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a continuous reactor, and compared with the traditional tubular reactor, it has a larger heat exchange area, can efficiently exchange heat with the reaction material, and can be used for hydrogen sulfide Selective catalytic oxidation reaction, methanol synthesis reaction, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, carbon monoxide oxidative coupling to produce dimethyl oxalate reaction or carbon dioxide catalytic hydrogenation to produce aviation kerosene reaction.

Taking the selective catalytic oxidation reaction of hydrogen sulfide as an example, the traditional shell and tube reactor is compared with the barrel reactor provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The device specifications and reaction data are calculated as shown in Table 1, and the heat exchange medium is 170°C.

Table 1

As can be seen from the results in Table 1, for the selective catalytic oxidation reaction of hydrogen sulfide, under the same reaction conditions, the conversion rate of hydrogen sulfide in the cylindrical reactor provided by the embodiment of the present utility model is significantly higher than that of the traditional tubular reactor . Moreover, the number of heat exchange cylinders 21 in the tubular reactor is only 3. Compared with the tubular reactor, the internal structure of the device is greatly simplified, which is convenient for installation, disassembly and maintenance, and at the same time, it can achieve a better reaction effect. .

The principles and implementations of the present utility model are described with specific examples herein, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the present utility model; those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. a barrel reactor, is characterized in that, comprises: a reactor shell, which is provided with a reaction material inlet, a reaction product outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet communicated with the inside of the reactor shell; and a heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit is detachably installed in the reactor shell; Wherein, the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of heat exchange cylinders nested from the inside to the outside, and a heat exchange medium distributor and a heat exchange medium collector respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange cylinder; The two adjacent heat exchange cylinders are spaced to define a first filling space between them, and the outermost heat exchange cylinder is spaced from the inner sidewall of the reactor shell to define a first filling space between the two. A second filling space between; a heat exchange cavity for circulating heat exchange medium is formed inside the heat exchange cylinder; The heat exchange medium distributor is arranged in fluid communication between the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange cylinder, and the heat exchange medium distributor receives the inflowing heat exchange medium from the heat exchange medium inlet and will flow into the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium is distributed to each heat exchange cylinder; The heat exchange medium collector is arranged in fluid communication between the heat exchange medium outlet and the heat exchange cylinder, and the heat exchange medium collector collects and collects the heat exchange medium flowing out of each heat exchange cylinder The heat exchange medium converges to the heat exchange medium outlet. 2 . The barrel reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor shell comprises a cylindrical shell, an upper end cover and a lower end cover detachably connected to the cylindrical shell, and the reaction material inlet is detachable. 3 . and the heat exchange medium outlet is arranged on the upper end cover, and the reaction product outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet are arranged on the lower end cover. 3. The barrel reactor according to claim 2, wherein the heat exchange barrel comprises an annular top plate, an annular bottom plate and two cylindrical side plates arranged coaxially, the annular top plate, the annular bottom plate and the two cylindrical side plates. A block of cylindrical side plates together encloses the heat exchange cavity. 4 . The barrel reactor according to claim 3 , wherein the heat exchange medium distributor is connected to the annular bottom plate through a connecting pipe, and the heat exchange medium collector is connected to the annular top plate through a connecting pipe. 5 . connect. 5. The barrel reactor according to claim 4, wherein the connecting pipe and the heat exchange medium distributor, the heat exchange medium collector, the annular top plate and the annular bottom plate are detachable connect. 6. The barrel reactor according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the annular top plate and the annular bottom plate is detachable. 7 . The barrel reactor according to claim 6 , wherein a support member is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange cylinder, the annular bottom plate is detachably connected to the support member, and the support member is connected to the support member. 8 . The cylindrical casing is detachably connected, and the connecting pipe is connected to the annular bottom plate through the supporting member. 8 . The barrel reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the heat exchange medium distributor and the heat exchange medium collector are hemispherical structures, and the two are respectively connected to the lower end cover and the The upper end cap is detachably attached. 9. The barrel reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: the heat exchange medium distributor and the heat exchange medium collector are communicated through a detachable central pipe; The central pipe is arranged in a concentric ring around the axis. 10 . The barrel reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising an external heat exchange medium steam drum communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet. 11 .

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