CN210332604U - Radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor - Google Patents
Radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN210332604U CN210332604U CN201921270719.1U CN201921270719U CN210332604U CN 210332604 U CN210332604 U CN 210332604U CN 201921270719 U CN201921270719 U CN 201921270719U CN 210332604 U CN210332604 U CN 210332604U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts the heat exchange tube intertube to load catalyst, the intraductal structural style who leads to heat transfer medium of heat exchange tube, unites two into one the heat transfer system of reactor and radial flowing's center tube, adopts the center tube of radial setting and links to each other with a plurality of heat exchange tubes through heat transfer distributor and heat transfer collection device respectively with the center tube: the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes are bent at a certain angle and then are gathered at the upper end of the central tube to form a heat exchange gathering device, and the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are bent at a certain angle and then are gathered at the lower end of the central tube to form a heat exchange distribution device; set up the catalyst section of thick bamboo that has the trompil board outward in order to fill the catalyst between the heat exchange tube in the reactor barrel, the utility model discloses the structure that enables radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor is more reasonable, and loading and unloading of catalyst are more convenient, and the effect of removing of reaction heat is better, more is favorable to the large-scale production in petrochemical and coal chemical industry field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a large-scale reaction in petrochemical and coal chemical industry field is equipped, and specifically speaking is a simple structure, adopts the intertube to load catalyst, intraductal heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor that leads to of heat transfer medium.
Background
In the reaction processes of methanol synthesis, ammonia synthesis, carbon monoxide conversion, organic compound hydrogenation, dimethyl ether synthesis, ethylene oxide synthesis, methane preparation from synthesis gas, glycol synthesis and the like, the heat changes, meanwhile, gas reactants and products are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the reactor, solid particle catalysts are used as bed layers of the reactor, and meanwhile, a heat exchange medium is required to remove reaction heat at any time. In this regard, axial flow gas-solid phase fixed bed catalytic reactors are generally used in the current industrial production. The axial flow gas-solid phase fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts a heat exchange medium which is filled in a tube and passes between catalyst tubes, and the diameter of the heat exchange medium is larger. With the continuous enlargement of the industrial scale of the reversible exothermic reactions such as methanol synthesis, ammonia synthesis, carbon monoxide conversion, organic compound hydrogenation, dimethyl ether synthesis, ethylene oxide synthesis, methane preparation from synthesis gas, ethylene glycol synthesis and the like, the axial flow gas-solid phase fixed bed catalytic reactor cannot meet the requirements of large-scale production in the fields of petrochemical industry and coal chemical industry due to overlarge diameter and inconvenient transportation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art not enough, provide a radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor, it adopts the intertube to load catalyst, intraductal heat transfer medium's structural style that leads to, has the diameter less, simple structure's advantage, can provide reliable production facility for petrochemical and the coal chemical industry large-scale production that accompanies heat transfer.
In the technical field of large-scale reaction equipment in petrochemical industry and coal chemical industry, a radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor in general meaning needs to be provided with a heat exchange distribution device and a heat exchange collection device for distributing and collecting heat exchange media at two ends of the reactor, and the heat exchange distribution device and the heat exchange collection device are necessary regardless of the type of the radial flow reactor. However, as the capacity increases, the heat exchange distribution unit and the heat exchange collection unit become technical bottlenecks of the radial flow reactor, which not only have great difficulty in manufacturing and thermal stress relief, but also make the loading and unloading of the catalyst between the heat exchange tubes troublesome. To this end, the utility model discloses an intention is: the structure form that catalyst is filled in the heat exchange tubes and heat exchange medium is led in the heat exchange tubes is adopted; the heat exchange system of the reactor and a central pipe flowing in the radial direction are combined into a whole, and the central pipe is respectively connected with a heat exchange distribution device and a heat exchange collection device; and then the heat exchange distribution device and the heat exchange collecting device are connected with the heat exchange tube: a radial central pipe is arranged below the heat exchange collecting device, and a gas outlet is arranged above the heat exchange distributing device; the catalyst is filled in a manhole (catalyst charging hole) positioned on the upper end enclosure of the reactor and is discharged from a catalyst discharging hole positioned on the lower end enclosure of the reactor; reaction gas enters from a gas inlet on the upper end enclosure, flows downwards through the diversion flow channel and radially passes through the catalyst cylinder to be converged in the central pipe, then flows downwards through a gas outlet below the central pipe, and finally flows out of the reactor from a gas outlet on the lower end enclosure; the heat exchange medium enters the reactor from a heat exchange medium inlet positioned on the lower end socket, is shunted to each heat exchange tube through a heat exchange distribution device positioned below the gas outlet to exchange heat with the reaction gas, and then flows out of the reactor from a heat exchange medium outlet at the top of the reactor after being concentrated by a heat exchange collection device positioned above the catalyst cylinder. Therefore, the radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor has a more reasonable structure, the removal of reaction heat is more effective, and the large-scale production is more facilitated.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor, contains reactor upper cover, reactor low head and reactor urceolus be equipped with heat transfer medium export, gas feed and manhole on the reactor upper cover be equipped with catalyst discharge opening, heat transfer medium import and gas outlet on the reactor low head, its characterized in that: the structure form that catalyst is filled between heat exchange tubes and heat exchange medium is filled in the heat exchange tubes is adopted; set up backup pad, bottom suspension fagging and center tube, heat exchange tube and catalyst section of thick bamboo in the reactor barrel between reactor upper cover and reactor lower cover, center tube, heat exchange tube and catalyst section of thick bamboo pass through go up backup pad, the fixed setting of bottom suspension fagging in the reactor barrel: the central tube is arranged in the center of the reactor barrel, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the barrel between the central tube and the reactor outer barrel, and the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes are bent at a certain angle and then collected at the upper end of the central tube to form a heat exchange collecting device; the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are bent at a certain angle and then are gathered at the lower end of the central tube to form a heat exchange distribution device; the catalyst cylinder is arranged in the reactor cylinder body between the heat exchange tubes and the reactor outer cylinder, and catalyst can be filled between the heat exchange tubes in the catalyst cylinder; and a gas outlet is arranged below the central pipe, and the diameter of the gas outlet is consistent with that of the central pipe, so that gas can be ensured to flow out smoothly.
Further, a heat exchange system of the reactor and a radial flowing central pipe are combined into a whole, and the central pipe is respectively connected with a heat exchange distribution device and a heat exchange collection device; and then the heat exchange distribution device and the heat exchange collecting device are connected with the heat exchange tube: the radial central pipe is arranged below the heat exchange collecting device, and the gas outlet is arranged above the heat exchange distributing device, so that the design greatly simplifies the contradiction between the distribution of the heat exchange medium of the radial flow reactor and the arrangement of the converging system and the inlet and the outlet of the reactor, the manufacture of the reactor is greatly simplified, and the operation is smoother.
Furthermore, the upper end of the central tube is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet on the upper end socket of the reactor through a heat exchange collecting device, and the lower end of the central tube is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet on the lower end socket of the reactor through a gas flow outlet and a heat exchange distribution device.
Optionally, the central tube is a special tube with a diameter of 600 mm-800 mm.
Furthermore, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are fixed through the tube bundles, so that the heat exchange tubes cannot shake during reaction.
Optionally, the heat exchange tube is a special tube with a diameter of 25 mm-38 mm.
Further, the outer side of the catalyst cylinder is provided with a perforated plate with regular rows of holes, and the perforated plate can ensure that reaction gas enters but the catalyst in the perforated plate cannot leak.
The utility model discloses radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor's positive effect is:
(1) the radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor is in a structure form that catalyst is filled between tubes and heat exchange medium is introduced into the tubes, and the catalyst is filled between the heat exchange tubes in the specially arranged catalyst cylinder, so that the catalyst is prevented from being filled in the heat exchange distribution device and the heat exchange convergence device, and the defect that the catalyst is troublesome to fill and discharge is avoided.
(2) Because the radial flow mode is adopted, the defects that the large-scale axial reactor (filled with the catalyst in the reaction tube) has overlarge diameter and cannot be transported are overcome.
(3) The utility model discloses a "heat transfer distributor" and "heat transfer collect the device", the structure is more reasonable, and moving away of reaction heat is more effective, more is favorable to large-scale production, has overcome the inherent heat transfer medium distribution of radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor simultaneously and has joined the contradiction that device and reactor were imported and exported and arrange for whole radial reactor simple structure easily makes, the operation is smooth.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange tube and a tube bundle.
The reference numerals in the figures are respectively:
1. a heat exchange medium outlet; 2. A gas inlet;
3. an inlet gas diversion flow channel; 4. A catalyst cartridge;
5. a perforated plate; 6. A heat exchange pipe;
7. a catalyst; 8. An outer reactor barrel;
9. a lower support plate; 10. A catalyst discharge opening;
11. a heat exchange medium inlet; 12. A gas outlet;
13. a reactor lower end enclosure; 14. A gas flow outlet;
15. a central tube; 16. A tube bundle;
17. an upper support plate; 18. An upper end enclosure of the reactor;
19. a manhole; 20. A heat exchange collection device;
21. a heat exchange distribution device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
A radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor (see figure 1) comprises a heat exchange medium outlet 1, a gas inlet 2, an inlet gas diversion flow channel 3, a catalyst cylinder 4, a perforated plate 5, a heat exchange tube 6, a catalyst 7, a reactor outer cylinder 8, a lower supporting plate 9, a catalyst discharge opening 10, a heat exchange medium inlet 11, a gas outlet 12, a reactor lower end enclosure 13, a gas outlet 14, a central tube 15, a tube bundle 16, an upper supporting plate 17, a reactor upper end enclosure 18, a manhole 19, a heat exchange collecting device 20 and a heat exchange distribution device 21, wherein the structure form that the catalyst 7 is filled between the tubes of the heat exchange tube 6 and the heat exchange medium is led into the tubes of the heat exchange tube 6 is adopted.
The utility model discloses a radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor can adopt the internal diameter to be 3.2 meters ~ 4.2 meters's reactor barrel, contains reactor upper cover 18, reactor low head 13 and reactor urceolus 8. The reactor upper end enclosure 18 is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet 1, a gas inlet 2 and a manhole 19 (catalyst charging port), and the reactor lower end enclosure 13 is provided with a catalyst discharging port 10, a heat exchange medium inlet 11 and a gas outlet 12; an upper supporting plate 17, a lower supporting plate 9, a catalyst cylinder 4, a heat exchange tube 6 and a central tube 15 which integrates a heat exchange system of the reactor and a central tube which flows in the radial direction are arranged in a reactor cylinder body between an upper end socket 18 and a lower end socket 13 of the reactor, and the catalyst cylinder 4, the heat exchange tube 6 and the central tube 15 are fixedly arranged in the reactor cylinder body through the upper supporting plate 17 and the lower supporting plate 9. The reactor upper head 18, the reactor lower head 13, the reactor outer cylinder 8, the upper supporting plate 17 and the lower supporting plate 9 can adopt the existing structural components.
The central tube 15 can be a special tube with a diameter of 600-800 mm and is arranged in the center of the reactor cylinder, the upper end of the central tube 15 is connected with the heat exchange medium outlet 1 on the reactor upper end enclosure 18 through the heat exchange collecting device 20, and the lower end of the central tube 15 is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet 11 on the reactor lower end enclosure 13 through the gas outlet 14 and the heat exchange distribution device 21.
A plurality of heat exchange tubes 6 are arranged in the cylinder body between the central tube 15 and the reactor outer cylinder 8. The heat exchange tubes 6 can adopt special tubes with the diameter of 25-38 mm, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 6 can be fixed by tube bundles 16 (see figure 2), so that the heat exchange tubes 6 can not shake during reaction. Although the arrangement positions of the heat exchange tubes 6 in the reactor cylinder are different, the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes are collected at the upper end of the central tube 15 after being bent at a certain angle, so as to form a heat exchange collection device 20; the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 6 are bent at a certain angle and then collected at the lower end of the central tube 15 to form a heat exchange distribution device 21. Because the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tube 6 need to be bent by different curvatures and then converged to form a complex structure of the heat exchange converging device 20 and the heat exchange distributing device 21, extra attention should be paid in manufacturing to avoid problems in materials and processes.
An inlet gas distribution flow channel 3 is arranged in the reactor barrel body between the outer wall of the catalyst barrel 4 and the reactor outer barrel 8. A gas outlet 14 is arranged below the central tube 15 at a position higher than the heat exchange distribution device 21, and the diameter of the gas outlet 14 is consistent with that of the central tube 15, so that the gas can be ensured to flow out smoothly.
The radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts the structural form that the catalyst 7 is filled between the heat exchange tubes 6 and the heat exchange media are led into the heat exchange tubes 6, the heat exchange system of the reactor and the radial flow central tube are combined into a whole to adopt the central tube 15, and the central tube 15 is respectively connected with the heat exchange collecting device 20 and the heat exchange distributing device 21; and then the heat exchange collecting device 20 and the heat exchange distributing device 21 are connected with the heat exchange tube 6: a radial central pipe 15 is arranged below the heat exchange collecting device 20, and a gas outlet 14 is arranged above the heat exchange distributing device 21; the catalyst 7 is filled in a manhole 19 (catalyst charging port) positioned on an upper head 18 of the reactor, and is discharged from a catalyst discharging port 10 positioned on a lower head 13 of the reactor; reaction gas enters from a gas inlet 2 on an upper end enclosure 18 of the reactor, flows downwards through an inlet gas diversion flow channel 3 and radially passes through a catalyst cylinder 4 to be converged on a central pipe 15, then flows downwards through a gas outlet 14 below the central pipe 15, and finally flows out of the reactor from a gas outlet 12 on a lower end enclosure 13 of the reactor; the heat exchange medium enters the reactor through a heat exchange medium inlet 11 on a lower end enclosure 13 of the reactor, is distributed to each heat exchange tube 6 through a heat exchange distribution device 21 below a gas outlet 14 to exchange heat with the reaction gas, and then flows out of the reactor through a heat exchange medium outlet 1 at the top of the reactor after being concentrated by a heat exchange collection device 20 above a catalyst cylinder 4. The utility model discloses enable radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor's structure more reasonable, the effect of removing of reaction heat is better, more is favorable to the large-scale production in petrochemical and coal chemical industry field.
The following provides 3 specific embodiments of the radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor of the present invention.
Example 1
A radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts a reactor cylinder with the inner diameter of 3.2 meters, adopts heat exchange tubes 6 with the outer diameter of 25mm and the thickness of 2mm, and 40.44m is filled between the heat exchange tubes 6 in a catalyst cylinder 43The catalyst is characterized in that tower entering gas consisting of coal-based synthesis gas and circulating gas enters a reactor at the temperature of 220 ℃ and the pressure of 5.5MPa (G), the gas radially flows through a catalyst bed layer 7, the hot spot temperature is 267 ℃, and the temperature of a reactor gas outlet 12 is 262 ℃.
The radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor can meet the requirement of 30 ten thousand tons of methanol (calculated according to 300 days) produced annually, and medium pressure steam is produced for 0.94 ton/ton of methanol.
Example 2
A radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts a reactor cylinder with the inner diameter of 3.8 meters, adopts heat exchange tubes 6 with the outer diameter of 32mm and the thickness of 2mm, and 75.08m is filled between the heat exchange tubes 6 in a catalyst cylinder 43The catalyst is characterized in that tower entering gas consisting of coal-based synthesis gas and circulating gas enters a reactor at the temperature of 220 ℃ and the pressure of 5.5MPa (G), the gas radially flows through a catalyst bed layer 7, the hot spot temperature is 268 ℃, and the temperature of a reactor gas outlet 12 is 265 ℃. The radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor can meet the requirement of annual production of 70 ten thousand tons (calculated according to 300 days) of methanol, and medium pressure steam is produced for 0.91 ton/ton of methanol.
Example 3
A radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor adopts a reactor cylinder with the inner diameter of 4.2 meters, adopts heat exchange tubes 6 with the outer diameter of 38mm and the thickness of 2mm, and 113.07m is filled between the heat exchange tubes 6 in a catalyst cylinder 43The catalyst is characterized in that tower entering gas consisting of coal-based synthesis gas and circulating gas enters a reactor at the temperature of 220 ℃ and the pressure of 5.5MPa (G), the gas radially flows through a catalyst bed layer 7, the hot spot temperature is 269 ℃, and the temperature of a reactor gas outlet 12 is 264 ℃. The radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor can meet the requirement of 100 ten thousand tons of methanol (calculated according to 300 days) produced annually, and medium pressure steam is produced for 0.92 ton/ton of methanol.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a radial flow heat transfer formula fixed bed catalytic reactor, contains reactor upper cover (18), reactor low head (13) and reactor urceolus (8) be equipped with heat transfer medium export (1), gas feed (2) and manhole (19) on reactor upper cover (18) be equipped with catalyst discharge opening (10), heat transfer medium entry (11) and gas outlet (12) on reactor low head (13), its characterized in that: the structure form that a catalyst (7) is filled between the heat exchange tubes (6) and a heat exchange medium is filled in the heat exchange tubes (6) is adopted; set up backup pad (17), bottom suspension fagging (9) and center tube (15), heat exchange tube (6) and catalyst section of thick bamboo (4) in the reactor barrel between reactor upper cover (18) and reactor lower cover (13), center tube (15), heat exchange tube (6) and catalyst section of thick bamboo (4) pass through go up backup pad (17), bottom suspension fagging (9) are fixed to be set up in the reactor barrel: the central tube (15) is arranged in the center of the reactor cylinder, a plurality of heat exchange tubes (6) are arranged in the cylinder between the central tube (15) and the reactor outer cylinder (8), and the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes (6) are bent at a certain angle and then collected at the upper end of the central tube (15) to form a heat exchange collecting device (20); the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes (6) are bent at a certain angle and then are gathered at the lower end of the central tube (15) to form a heat exchange distribution device (21); the catalyst cylinder (4) is arranged in the reactor cylinder body between the heat exchange tubes (6) and the reactor outer cylinder (8), and a catalyst (7) can be filled between the heat exchange tubes (6) in the catalyst cylinder (4); and a gas outlet (14) is arranged below the central pipe (15), and the diameter of the gas outlet (14) is consistent with that of the central pipe (15), so that gas can be ensured to flow out smoothly.
2. A radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange system of the reactor is integrated with the radial flow central tube (15), and the central tube (15) is used to connect the heat exchange distribution device (21) and the heat exchange collection device (20) respectively; then the heat exchange distribution device (21) and the heat exchange collection device (20) are connected with the heat exchange tube (6): a radial central tube (15) is arranged below the heat exchange collecting device (20), and a gas outlet (14) is arranged above the heat exchange distributing device (21).
3. The radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper end of the central tube (15) is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet (1) of the reactor upper head (18) through a heat exchange collection device (20), and the lower end of the central tube (15) is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet (11) of the reactor lower head (13) through a gas flow outlet (14) and a heat exchange distribution device (21).
4. A radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the central tube (15) is a special tube with a diameter of 600-800 mm.
5. A radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of heat exchange tubes (6) are fixed by tube bundles (16) to ensure that the heat exchange tubes (6) do not shake during the reaction.
6. The radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes (6) are dedicated tubes with a diameter of 25mm to 38 mm.
7. A radial flow heat exchange fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that there are perforated plates (5) with regular rows of holes on the outside of the catalyst cartridge (4), the perforated plates (5) ensuring the entrance of the reaction gas but not the leakage of the catalyst inside.
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| CN201921270719.1U CN210332604U (en) | 2019-08-07 | 2019-08-07 | Radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor |
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| CN201921270719.1U CN210332604U (en) | 2019-08-07 | 2019-08-07 | Radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110327847A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-15 | 华东理工大学 | Radial Flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor |
| CN114570289A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fixed bed catalytic reactor and application thereof in removal of hydrazine nitrate and hydroxylamine nitrate |
-
2019
- 2019-08-07 CN CN201921270719.1U patent/CN210332604U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110327847A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-15 | 华东理工大学 | Radial Flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor |
| CN110327847B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2024-01-26 | 华东理工大学 | Radial flow heat exchange type fixed bed catalytic reactor |
| CN114570289A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fixed bed catalytic reactor and application thereof in removal of hydrazine nitrate and hydroxylamine nitrate |
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