CN216872036U - Self-switching device for oxygen concentration and electrolyte box temperature of aluminum-air battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-switching device for oxygen concentration and electrolyte tank temperature of an aluminum-air battery, which comprises an oxygen candle tank, wherein the oxygen candle tank is of a cap type structure and is used for being covered with the upper end of an electrolyte tank body, a top plate of the cap type structure is provided with an oxygen candle cavity for placing a plurality of oxygen candle monomers, the plurality of oxygen candle monomers are separately arranged, and an electronic initiator for igniting each oxygen candle monomer is also arranged in the oxygen candle cavity. According to the utility model, the oxygen candle box adopts a box cover buckling type structure, the oxygen candle box is used as a buckling upper cover and is directly buckled on the electrolyte box during installation, the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box are in non-contact through the support, hot oxygen can be gathered during low-temperature starting, the effect of heating the electrolyte box is realized, and meanwhile, the free switching of the oxygen concentration and the electrolyte box temperature can be realized through the arrangement of the cooling fan.

Description

Self-switching device for oxygen concentration and electrolyte box temperature of aluminum-air battery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a self-switching device for oxygen concentration and electrolyte tank temperature of an aluminum air battery.

Background

At present, metal aluminum has the characteristics of high specific energy, high volume ratio, light weight and high reserve capacity. Therefore, the metal aluminum is adopted as the cathode of the metal air battery, and the higher energy density which is 2.8 times of that of the lithium battery can be achieved. The aluminum-air battery basically comprises three parts, namely a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte. Inside the battery, a negative electrode made of an aluminum alloy is oxidized and dissolved in an alkaline electrolyte to generate freely moving electrons. The electrons move to the anode of the cell through a conductor, participate in the chemical reaction of H2O and O2 under the action of a catalyst to generate OH-, and Al (OH)3 is finally synthesized in the alkaline electrolyte. Obviously, during the whole chemical reaction process, the battery realizes the conversion from chemical energy to electric energy through the movement of electrons. Currently, research on aluminum-air batteries focuses on positive and negative electrode materials, electrolyte, and tracking of the maximum power point of the battery. In order to make the aluminum air battery widely applicable to the fields of new energy vehicles, standby power generation and the like, engineering problems such as oxygen supply, high-temperature heat dissipation, low-temperature start and the like are also needed to be solved.

The battery needs to operate over a wide temperature range. Meanwhile, considering that the metal-air battery needs a sufficient oxygen supply, it is of research value and engineering significance to develop a device integrating temperature regulation and oxygen concentration regulation. One important application of batteries is as a backup power source, where it is desirable that the electrolyte not be in contact with the positive and negative electrodes during the standby state of the battery. And in the power supply state, the electrolyte is filled into the electric pile. Therefore, the main structure of the aluminum-air battery at present comprises a reactor, an electrolyte tank and an alkali liquor circulating system. On the basis, a temperature control system and an oxygen supply system of the battery are expanded. The temperature control of the battery includes two modes of high-temperature heat dissipation and low-temperature heating. Electronic components can be damaged due to overhigh temperature of the system, and fan cooling or water cooling circulation is mostly applied; if the temperature of the system is too low, the chemical reaction rate of the battery is reduced, and electric heating or chemical heating can be adopted. Aluminum air cells require less additional external electrical energy to be consumed during start-up, and therefore chemical heating is suggested.

Oxygen candles are mostly adopted in the oxygen supply system of the aluminum air battery. After the battery is started, the oxygen candle is ignited timely according to the detected oxygen concentration, and the oxygen concentration of the system is kept constant. The main component of oxygen candle is chlorate. For the continued burning of chlorate, metal fuel is mixed into the oxygen candle. Therefore, oxygen candles generate high temperatures during combustion, which is accompanied by the combustion of metal fuels. Generally, the heat dissipation mode of the temperature control system is adopted to dissipate the high temperature generated by the oxygen candle. However, this causes unnecessary heat loss. Related researches have utilized heat released by oxygen candle burning to heat electrolyte under low temperature environment, so as to ensure quick start of aluminum air chemical reaction. However, after the battery is started, the rapidly accumulated heat must be rapidly dissipated to prevent the entry into a high temperature environment. Therefore, the problems of oxygen supply and temperature control of the system need to be considered at the same time, and the specific gravity of temperature control and oxygen supply are changed along with the difference of detected temperature values.

Currently, in an aluminum air battery, an oxygen candle is placed in a box body, and the oxygen candle is ignited by an ignition device to release oxygen. The area contact through oxygen candle case and electrolyte case carries out heat-conduction, heats KOH electrolyte, realizes low temperature and starts. However, this solution has the disadvantages of: (1) the oxygen candle burning is uncontrollable, and along with the completion of the low-temperature starting task, the heat generated by the oxygen candle burning is changed from being beneficial to being harmful, and the heat needs to be discharged in time. (2) The area contact heats, and the heat conduction efficiency is lower. (3) In order to realize contact heat conduction, the oxygen candle box is arranged near the electrolyte box, and the released oxygen is positioned at the lower layer of the whole system, so that the oxygen diffusion is not facilitated, and the effect of oxygen participating in the aluminum air reaction is poor. (4) The oxygen candle burning is ended, needs to be changed the oxygen candle case, because oxygen candle case and electrolyte case face contact relation, dismantles the in-process and can destroy heat conduction layer between them, the dismantlement of being not convenient for.

Systems and devices for oxygen supply and cold start-up with oxygen candles are currently available in the art for use with aluminum air battery systems. But the oxygen candle box is mainly contacted with the electrolyte box for heating, and the heating effect is not ideal.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a self-switching device for oxygen concentration and electrolyte box temperature of an aluminum air battery, which can automatically detect external temperature and oxygen concentration, automatically switch into a heating temperature control mode in a low-temperature environment, and automatically switch into an oxygen supply mode and a cooling temperature control mode after the battery works normally.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the self-switching device of the oxygen concentration of the aluminum air battery and the temperature of the electrolyte box comprises an oxygen candle box, wherein the oxygen candle box is of a cap type structure and is used for being covered and arranged with the upper end of the electrolyte box body, a top plate of the cap type structure is provided with an oxygen candle cavity for placing oxygen candle monomers, the oxygen candle monomers are multiple, the oxygen candle monomers are separately arranged, and an electronic initiator for igniting each oxygen candle monomer is further arranged in the oxygen candle cavity; the top and the bottom of the oxygen candle cavity are respectively provided with an upper vent and a lower vent, fans are arranged in the upper vent and the lower vent, the fan of the upper vent is a heat dissipation fan, and the fan of the lower vent is a heat transfer fan; the bottom of the top plate is also provided with a plurality of supports for arranging the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box body in a clearance way; still including the singlechip, be used for detecting electrolyte temperature sensor of electrolyte case temperature, be used for detecting the oxygen concentration's of reactor oxygen concentration sensor and the oxygen candle case temperature sensor who is used for detecting oxygen candle case temperature, electrolyte temperature sensor, oxygen concentration sensor and oxygen candle case temperature sensor's output connect the input of singlechip, the control input of fan, electron initiator and electrolyte circulating pump is connected respectively to the output of singlechip.

The upper ventilation opening and the lower ventilation opening are both multiple.

Still including the location fixed part, the fixed setting of location fixed part at electrolyte tank top for with the support cooperation, make the oxygen candle case close the keeping of back interval with the electrolyte tank lid.

The positioning fixing part is a plunger with a circular top, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with a flexible plug cavity matched with the plunger.

The fan is a PWM fan.

According to the utility model, the oxygen candle box can be directly buckled on the electrolyte box through the box cover buckling type oxygen candle box, so that the oxygen candle box is convenient to mount and dismount, and the on-off and rotating speed of the fan arranged on the oxygen candle box can be adjusted in real time according to the monitored temperature and oxygen concentration through the temperature sensor, the oxygen concentration sensor and the single chip microcomputer control module, so that the device has three functions of low-temperature starting, high-temperature heat dissipation and oxygen supply, and the low-temperature working efficiency of the aluminum air battery, and the electric energy conversion efficiency and stability under the normal working state are improved by adopting a non-contact box cover buckling structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along C-C of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the oxygen candle box 12 is of a cap structure, and is used for being covered with the upper end of an electrolyte box body 10, an oxygen candle cavity for placing oxygen candle monomers 7 is arranged on a top plate of the cap structure, a plurality of oxygen candle monomers 7 are arranged in the oxygen candle cavity, the oxygen candle monomers 7 are separated from each other, and an electronic initiator for igniting each oxygen candle monomer 7 is further arranged in the oxygen candle cavity; the top and the bottom of the oxygen candle cavity are respectively provided with an upper vent and a lower vent, fans are arranged in the upper vent and the lower vent, the fan of the upper vent is a heat dissipation fan 4, and the fan of the lower vent is a heat transfer fan 9; the bottom of the top plate is also provided with a plurality of brackets 8 which are used for arranging the gap between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box body; still including singlechip 6, the electrolyte temperature sensor 11 that is used for detecting the electrolyte case temperature, the oxygen concentration sensor 2 that is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of reactor and the oxygen candle case temperature sensor 5 that is used for detecting the oxygen candle case temperature, electrolyte temperature sensor 11, oxygen concentration sensor 2 and oxygen candle case temperature sensor 5's output connect singlechip 6's input, singlechip 6's output is connected fan, electron initiator and electrolyte respectively and is circulated the control input of system 1.

The electrolyte tank 10 is communicated with the electric pile tank 3 through an electrolyte circulating system 1, and the oxygen concentration sensor 2 is arranged on the electric pile tank 3. The upper ventilation openings and the lower ventilation openings are multiple, the corresponding heat radiation fans 4 and the corresponding heat transfer fans 9 are multiple, and the heat radiation efficiency or the heat transfer efficiency is correspondingly improved due to the increase of the number of the heat radiation fans and the heat transfer fans.

Still including location fixed part 13, location fixed part 13 fixed setting at electrolyte case 10 top for with the cooperation of support 8, make the oxygen candle case close the keeping of back interval with electrolyte case 10 lid. The positioning fixing part 13 is a plunger with a round top, and a flexible plug cavity matched with the plunger is arranged at the bottom of the bracket. Can make things convenient for the summit lid of oxygen candle case 12 and electrolyte case 10 to close through setting up location fixed part 13, have certain steadiness after the lid closes moreover, avoid producing in the working process to rock, influence the whole operation of equipment.

The fan is a PWM fan. The PWM fan can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, the direction and the rotating speed can be controlled in real time, and the accurate control of equipment is guaranteed.

According to the utility model, the oxygen candle box can be conveniently buckled on the electrolyte box through the cap type structure of the oxygen candle box, so that the oxygen candle box is convenient to install and disassemble. Further through inside oxygen candle chamber that sets up of block formula structure, a plurality of single oxygen candles are placed to the oxygen candle intracavity, temperature sensor and ignition, radiator fan has been arranged on the upper portion that combines the oxygen candle chamber, heat transfer fan has been arranged to the lower part, support and electrolyte case through the bottom have the clearance space, and then through contactless oxygen heat transfer, give the electrolyte case with the heat transfer, reach the purpose of low temperature start, and through the control of lighting of foretell radiator fan and oxygen candle, when realizing the low temperature start, can also satisfy the demand of oxygen concentration in real time, the oxygen suppliment and the electrolyte temperature control that make the oxygen candle can automatic switch, the energy can be saved.

The utility model judges whether to start at low temperature or normally through the acquired temperature of the electrolyte; judging whether to enter cooling or normal work by collecting the temperature of the oxygen candle box; and judging whether to enter an oxygen supply mode or not by acquiring the oxygen concentration. The instructions of heat dissipation, oxygen supply and low-temperature starting are executed through the rotation mode of the heat dissipation fan and the heat transfer fan. The speed of the heat radiation fan and the speed of the heat transfer fan are controlled through PWM based on a PI strategy, and the purpose of fast and slow adjustment is achieved.

According to the utility model, the oxygen candle box adopts a box cover buckling structure, and the oxygen candle box is used as a buckled upper cover and is directly buckled on the electrolyte box during installation. The support has the functions of ensuring that a space is reserved between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box, ensuring the non-contact of the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box, ensuring that hot oxygen can be gathered when the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box are started at low temperature, and realizing the function of heating the electrolyte box.

The novel oxygen candle box can automatically switch the temperature control mode and the oxygen supply mode according to the electrolyte temperature, the oxygen candle box temperature and the ambient oxygen concentration. When in the oxygen supply mode and the cooling mode, the heat radiation fan is positively rotated, and the heat transfer fan is reversely rotated. In the low-temperature starting mode, the heat-radiating fan is reversely rotated, and the heat-transferring fan is forwardly rotated. Under low temperature environment, can pass through the space of contactless lid lock structure, based on hot oxygen, heat the electrolyte temperature. And adjusting the speed of the heat radiation fan and the heat transfer fan in real time based on a PI control strategy according to the temperature deviation value, so as to realize temperature control.

The utility model discloses a non-contact box cover buckling type oxygen candle box integrating temperature control and oxygen supply and a self-switching method, which are applied to the temperature and oxygen concentration control of an aluminum air battery and can ensure the normal starting of the battery in a low-temperature environment. The utility model is based on the traditional reactor-electrolyte tank-alkali liquor circulating pump structure of the aluminum-air battery. The traditional aluminum-air battery system mainly comprises a reactor box, an electrolyte box, an alkali liquor circulating pump, a DC/DC converter, an external cooling fan and an external lithium battery. In the state of no power generation, no electrolyte is in the reactor. Under the condition of normal-temperature starting, the alkali liquor circulating pump is powered by an external lithium battery, and electrolyte is pumped into the reactor from an electrolyte tank at the lower part. The aluminum air battery is discharged through reaction and converted into direct current through a DC/DC module. One part of the direct current replaces an external lithium battery to supply power to the circulating liquid pump and the cooling fan, and the other part of the direct current directly supplies power to the outside.

The non-contact box cover buckling type oxygen candle box is directly buckled to an electrolyte box. The fan and the single chip microcomputer controller on the oxygen candle box are powered by an external lithium battery in standby and starting, and are switched to the DC/DC module to output and supply power after normal work. When the aluminum air battery is started at normal temperature, the oxygen candle box mainly plays the roles of oxygen supply and temperature reduction. And when the ambient temperature monitored by the oxygen candle box temperature sensor in real time does not reach the low-temperature condition, the battery is normally started. And meanwhile, starting an oxygen concentration sensor to monitor the oxygen concentration at the side of the reactor. When the oxygen concentration is too low, the controller sends out a command of sequentially igniting the oxygen candles, the heat dissipation fan on the upper side of the forward rotation box and the heat transfer fan on the lower side of the reverse rotation box discharge hot oxygen in the box body upwards, and the purpose of adjusting the oxygen concentration is achieved. Simultaneously, temperature sensor monitoring oxygen candle case temperature, when the temperature was too high, through adjusting the real-time regulation that fan speed realized oxygen candle case temperature for the inside circulation of air of battery, the former cooling system of cooperation battery finally realizes the function of cooling.

When the aluminum air battery is started under the low-temperature condition, the oxygen candle box mainly plays the roles of low-temperature starting, oxygen supply and temperature reduction. When the ambient temperature monitored by the oxygen candle box temperature sensor in real time reaches a low-temperature condition, the battery cannot be started normally. The controller first ignites a plurality of oxygen candles according to the real-time temperature value. The heat transfer fan at the lower side of the oxygen candle box is positively rotated, the heat dissipation fan at the upper side of the oxygen candle box is reversely rotated, hot oxygen in the box body is discharged downwards into a gap space between the lower part of the oxygen candle box and the upper part of the electrolyte box, and then the hot oxygen is discharged through gaps between the oxygen candle box and the side wall of the electrolyte box. Due to the narrowing of the channel, heat accumulation is realized in a narrow space, and the heat is transferred to the electrolyte tank in a non-contact manner. When the hot oxygen is discharged through the gap, the effect of heating the side wall of the electrolyte tank can be achieved. Because the side wall channel is smaller, the flow velocity of hot oxygen is faster when passing through, according to the Bernoulli equation, the pressure intensity of the air pressure in the gap is lower, the side wall of the oxygen candle box is stressed and extruded inwards, and the heating effect of the hot oxygen on the electrolyte can be ensured.

After the temperature of the electrolyte to be monitored is higher than a set threshold value, the reactor can start to work normally, and at the moment, the working state of the oxygen candle box is recovered to be an oxygen supply mode. The radiator fan of corotation oxygen candle case upside, the heat transfer fan of reversal oxygen candle case downside upwards discharges the oxygen of oxygen candle burning, does benefit to the chemical reaction who goes on in the battery box.

After the oxygen candle of work heating box exhausts, can dismantle rapidly, directly detain the electrolyte case with reserve oxygen candle case on, reduce the installation degree of difficulty, improve the installation effectiveness.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., it indicates that the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated without limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention.

It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the application of the principles of the technology. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and may include more effective embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. Aluminium air battery oxygen concentration and electrolyte case temperature from auto-change over device, including oxygen candle case, its characterized in that: the oxygen candle box is of a cap type structure and is used for being covered with the upper end of the electrolyte box body, an oxygen candle cavity for placing oxygen candle monomers is formed in a top plate of the cap type structure, a plurality of oxygen candle monomers are arranged in a separated mode, and an electronic initiator for igniting each oxygen candle monomer is further arranged in the oxygen candle cavity; the top and the bottom of the oxygen candle cavity are respectively provided with an upper vent and a lower vent, fans are arranged in the upper vent and the lower vent, the fan of the upper vent is a heat dissipation fan, and the fan of the lower vent is a heat transfer fan; the bottom of the top plate is also provided with a plurality of supports for arranging the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte box body in a clearance way; still including the singlechip, be used for detecting electrolyte temperature sensor of electrolyte case temperature, be used for detecting the oxygen concentration's of reactor oxygen concentration sensor and the oxygen candle case temperature sensor who is used for detecting oxygen candle case temperature, electrolyte temperature sensor, oxygen concentration sensor and oxygen candle case temperature sensor's output connect the input of singlechip, the control input of fan, electron initiator and electrolyte circulating pump is connected respectively to the output of singlechip.

2. The self-switching device of the oxygen concentration and the electrolyte tank temperature of the aluminum-air battery as recited in claim 1, wherein: the upper ventilation opening and the lower ventilation opening are both multiple.

3. The self-switching device of the oxygen concentration and the electrolyte tank temperature of the aluminum-air battery as recited in claim 1, wherein: still including the location fixed part, the fixed setting of location fixed part at electrolyte tank top for with the support cooperation, make the oxygen candle case close the keeping of back interval with the electrolyte tank lid.

4. The self-switching device of the aluminum-air battery oxygen concentration and electrolyte tank temperature as recited in claim 3, wherein: the positioning fixing part is a plunger with a circular top, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with a flexible plug cavity matched with the plunger.

5. The self-switching apparatus of the oxygen concentration and the electrolyte tank temperature of the aluminum-air battery as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the fan is a PWM fan.

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