CN216871894U - Time-of-flight mass spectrometer and ion trapping and releasing device thereof - Google Patents
Time-of-flight mass spectrometer and ion trapping and releasing device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and an ion trapping and releasing device thereof, wherein the ion trapping and releasing device comprises a multipole rod, a penetrating electrode pole piece and an extraction electrode pole piece, the penetrating electrode pole piece is arranged on the multipole rod in a penetrating way, and the extraction electrode pole piece is arranged at the tail end of the multipole rod; the ions are accelerated to pass through the penetrating electrode pole piece by an axial electric field generated by the multipole rod, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is not increased, the ions passing through the penetrating electrode pole piece are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece, so that the ions are trapped. When the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is increased, the ion packet between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is released through the extraction electrode pole piece in a pulse mode. Through trapping and releasing of ions, continuous ion flow is changed into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, the utilization rate of the ions is improved by a simple structure, and the application range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ion transmission, in particular to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and an ion trapping and releasing device thereof.
Background
Time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF) has the advantages of high resolution, wide mass range, single full spectrum scanning and the like, can be coupled with various ion sources, and is also widely applied to tandem mass spectrometry. The sensitivity is an important performance parameter of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the utilization rate of ions is improved, and the method is an important method for improving the sensitivity of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
The traditional method for improving the ion utilization rate is to add a radio frequency ion trap mass analyzer, imprison the mass analyzer firstly, and then release the mass analyzer, but the application of the mass analyzer is limited by space charge effect, the space structure of an instrument, complex radio frequency electric field control and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and an ion trapping and releasing device thereof with a wide application range.
An ion trapping and releasing device of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer comprises a multipole rod, a penetrating electrode pole piece and an extraction electrode pole piece, wherein the penetrating electrode pole piece is arranged at the multipole rod in a penetrating way, and the extraction electrode pole piece is arranged at the tail end of the multipole rod; the ion generator comprises a multipole rod, a penetrating electrode pole piece, an extraction electrode pole piece, a through electrode pole piece, an ion packet, a leading electrode pole piece and a leading electrode pole piece, wherein ions penetrate through the penetrating electrode pole piece in an accelerated mode through an axial electric field generated by the multipole rod, when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is not increased, the ions penetrating through the penetrating electrode pole piece are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is increased, the ion packet between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is released through the leading electrode pole piece in a pulse mode.
In one embodiment, the multipole is a segmented multipole or a straight rod with a resistance.
In one embodiment, the multipole is a hyperbolic or cylindrical multipole.
In one embodiment, the multipole rods are quadrupole rods, pairs of quadrupole rods are correspondingly connected, and a pair of radio-frequency voltages with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are respectively applied to two groups of parallel rods; and different direct current voltages are respectively applied to two ends of four rods of the quadrupole rods.
In one embodiment, the penetrating electrode pole piece penetrates through the multi-pole rod and is arranged at a position close to the tail end of the multi-pole rod.
In one embodiment, the penetrating electrode pole piece is a circular pole piece with a circular hole or a grid mesh as a central hole.
In one embodiment, the extraction electrode pole piece is a circular pole piece with a circular hole in the center hole.
In one embodiment, pulse voltages with the same frequency and different amplitudes and phases are applied to the through electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece respectively, or a direct-current voltage is applied to one of the through electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece.
A time-of-flight mass spectrometer comprises an ion guide, a time-of-flight mass analyser and an ion trapping and releasing device as described above.
In one embodiment, the ion guide comprises an electrostatic lens.
According to the time-of-flight mass spectrometer and the ion trapping and releasing device thereof, the multipole rod generates the axial electric field to accelerate ions to pass through the penetrating electrode pole piece, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is not increased, the ions passing through the penetrating electrode pole piece are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece, so that the ions are trapped. When the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is increased, the ion packet trapped between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece is released through the extraction electrode pole piece in a pulse mode. Through trapping and releasing of ions, continuous ion flow is changed into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved, the utilization rate of the ions is improved through a simple structure, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ion trapping and releasing device of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a through electrode tab in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a through electrode tab of another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ion trapping release device for use in a Q-TOF according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary method for applying RF voltages to quadrupole rods;
FIG. 6 illustrates the principle of Q2 DC voltage application in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the application of voltages to the through electrode pads and the out electrode pads in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Time-of-flight mass spectrometry can be coupled to a variety of ion sources, such as: EI. ESI, MLIDI, etc., also widely applied to tandem mass spectrometry such as: Q-TOF, and the like. Sensitivity is an important performance parameter of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and Duty Cycle (Duty Cycle) is an important factor affecting the sensitivity of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The continuous ion stream generated by the ion source, entering the TOF acceleration region, passes through the repulsion region with most of the ions in the ion stream directly and is not effectively repulsed and accelerated. For ions with mass numbers, the formula of the repulsion duty cycle in the acceleration region is as follows:
the duty cycle of an ion of a particular mass to charge ratio is dependent on the pulse frequency f, the effective length l of the opening of the repulsion region and the kinetic energy E of the ionkFor the TOF analyzer with a definite structure and a definite pulse frequency, the main way to improve the ion utilization rate is to convert the continuous ion beam generated by the ion source into continuous pulse ion packets. At present, a radio frequency ion trap and a TOF are mainly used in a serial connection mode for improving the ion utilization rate, for example, a linear ion trap is additionally arranged in front of the TOF, and the ion trap traps and excites axial resonance of an ion beam, so that continuous ion flow entering a TOF acceleration area is converted into pulse ion packets, and the ion utilization rate is improved. However, due to the effect of space charge effects, a larger volume of storage space is required, which requires a larger volume of ion trap, often limited in practice.
The existing novel ion trap structure is characterized in that a radio frequency electric field (RF), an alternating current electric field (AC) and a direct current electric field (DC) are superposed on an ion trap, trapping of ions is achieved through a pseudo-potential trap formed in the trap, AC voltage is reduced, ions with different mass-to-charge ratios are released in sequence from large to small, the ions with different mass-to-charge ratios synchronously reach the center of a TOF acceleration region, TOF pulse frequency is adjusted, and when ion packets with different mass-to-charge ratios are focused in the center of the TOF repulsion region, pulses begin (called Zeno pulses). This approach may bring the duty cycle of TOF close to 100%. But also has the following disadvantages and shortcomings: (1) dependent on MS/MS to realize; (2) the Zeno pulse has a different pulse frequency from that in the normal mode, and needs a certain time to maintain the stability of the pulse amplitude when conversion occurs; (3) high precision, complex radio frequency, pulse power supply timing control, also limits its practical application.
The main method for improving the utilization rate of TOF ions is to improve the duty ratio, and comprises the following steps: (1) the pulse frequency f is improved, but the development of a high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply has certain complexity; (2) the effective length l of the opening of the TOF repulsion region is increased, which is limited by the geometry of the detector, and the opening of the TOF repulsion region cannot be infinitely increased; (3) the kinetic energy Ek of ions entering the TOF acceleration region, which must have some lateral kinetic energy to reach the detector, is reduced. Therefore, the method for improving the ion utilization rate by converting the continuous ion flow generated by the ion source into the relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow is an important method for improving the sensitivity of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The most common method for improving the ion utilization rate is to add a radio frequency ion trap mass analyzer, imprison the mass analyzer firstly, and then release the mass analyzer, but the application of the mass analyzer is limited by space charge effect, space structure of an instrument, complex radio frequency electric field control and the like.
The above prior art has the following disadvantages:
(1) space charge effects, require a larger volume ion trap, and implementation relies on MS/MS (ion trap tandem TOF) to be achieved.
(2) The Zeno pulse has a different frequency from the pulse in the normal mode, and a certain time is required for the pulse amplitude to be stable when the switching occurs.
(3) High precision, complex radio frequency, pulse power supply timing control, also limits its practical application.
(4) The existing novel ion trap structure comprises 2 ion gates and a middle electrode, wherein the middle electrode is a quadrupole rod or a three-section quadrupole rod, the structure can realize high extraction rate of ions, and the duty ratio of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved. The scheme needs to connect an ion trap structure in series in a transmission structure, and the complexity of the mass spectrometer on the structure and a control system is increased.
Therefore, how to provide a device which is simple in structure and does not need an additional series ion trap structure, and the device can realize the ion trapping-releasing device to improve the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and has important significance.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an ion trapping and releasing device for a time-of-flight mass spectrometer is provided, which includes a multipole rod 110, a through electrode pole piece 120 and an extraction electrode pole piece 130, wherein the through electrode pole piece 120 is penetratively disposed on the multipole rod 110, and the extraction electrode pole piece 130 is disposed at the end of the multipole rod 110; the ions are accelerated to pass through the penetrating electrode piece 120 by an axial electric field generated by the multipole rod 110, when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 is not increased, the ions passing through the penetrating electrode piece 120 are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 is increased, ion packets between the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 are released through the extraction electrode piece 130 in a pulse form.
The multipole rod 110 may be a quadrupole rod, an octupole rod, or the like, and the structure of the multipole rod 110 is not exclusive and may be a segmented multipole rod or a straight rod with a resistance value. The resistance value of the straight rod can be uniformly increased along with the length by uniformly plating a conductive coating, such as an indium tin oxide coating, on the surface of the straight rod, and when different direct-current voltages are applied to the two ends of the rod, a uniform axial electric field can be generated. The shape of the multipole rod 110 is not exclusive and may be a quadrupole rod of a hyperbolic or cylindrical shape. For the sake of understanding, the following explanation is given by taking a quadrupole as an example.
Four rods of the quadrupole rods are arranged in parallel in a ring shape. The quadrupole is functionally divided into two parts (but its structure is still a complete transmission quadrupole), the former part is used for ion transmission, the latter part is used for trapping and extracting ions, and the two functional parts are separated by penetrating through the electrode plate 120. The voltage can be supplied to the quadrupole rod, the through electrode plate 120 and the extraction electrode plate 130 through a power supply device, and the voltage difference between the through electrode plate 120 and the extraction electrode plate 130 can be periodically changed. Specifically, the pair of rods of the quadrupole rods are correspondingly connected, and a pair of radio frequency voltages with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are respectively applied to the two groups of rods which are parallel to each other; different direct current voltages are respectively applied to two ends of four rods of the quadrupole rods. Pulse voltages with the same frequency and different amplitudes and phases are applied to the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 respectively, or a direct current voltage is applied to one of the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130.
The specific location of the penetrating electrode sheet 120 is not exclusive and may be located near the distal end of the multipole rod 110. Specifically, in this embodiment, the penetrating electrode tab 120 is located in the rear half (e.g., 1/4) of the quadrupole rod and penetrates the quadrupole rod. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the penetrating electrode piece 120 may be a circular piece with a circular hole or a grid mesh as a central hole, and further, the leading electrode piece 130 may be a circular piece with a circular hole as a central hole and located at the end of the quadrupole rod.
Specifically, in the ion trapping stage, ions with different mass-to-charge ratios accelerate to pass through the penetrating electrode piece 120 under the action of a weak axial electric field in the quadrupole, the relative voltage of the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 is controlled (for example, the voltage of the extraction electrode piece 130 is equal to or slightly greater than the voltage of the penetrating electrode piece 120), the ions entering the penetrating electrode piece 120 are decelerated under the axial electric field, and meanwhile, radial constraint is formed under the radio frequency electric field of the quadrupole, so that the cooling collision focusing of the ions between the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 is realized, and the trapping of the ions is realized; in the release stage, the relative voltages of the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the extraction electrode piece 130 are increased, so that the voltage of the penetrating electrode piece 120 is greater than that of the extraction electrode piece 130, and the trapped ion packets are released in a pulse form and enter the TOF acceleration region through an ion guide device (such as an electrostatic lens). Through periodic trapping-releasing, the continuous ion flow is changed into a relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, so that the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved.
In the ion trapping and releasing device of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the ions are accelerated to pass through the penetrating electrode pole piece 120 by the axial electric field generated by the multipole rod 110, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece 120 and the extraction electrode pole piece 130 is not increased, the ions passing through the penetrating electrode pole piece 120 are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode pole piece 120 and the extraction electrode pole piece 130, so that the ions are trapped. When the relative voltage between the penetration electrode tab 120 and the extraction electrode tab 130 increases, ion packets trapped between the penetration electrode tab 120 and the extraction electrode tab 130 are released through the extraction electrode tab 130 in a pulse form. Through trapping and releasing of ions, continuous ion flow is changed into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved, the utilization rate of the ions is improved through a simple structure, and the application range is wide.
In one embodiment, there is also provided a time-of-flight mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, a time-of-flight mass analyser and an ion trapping release as described above. The ion guide device is connected to the rear end of the ion trapping and releasing device in series, and the ion guide device is connected with the time-of-flight mass analyzer. The number of ion guides may be one or more, and the type of ion guide is not exclusive, and in this embodiment, the ion guide comprises an electrostatic lens.
According to the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, continuous ion flow is changed into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow through trapping-releasing of ions, the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved, the utilization rate of the ions is improved through a simple structure, and the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is wide in application range.
In order to better understand the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the ion trapping and releasing device and the control method thereof, the following detailed explanation is provided with reference to specific embodiments.
The purpose of the application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a device and a realization method which are simple, convenient and strong in universality, through trapping-releasing of ions, do not need to be connected with an ion trap structure in series, convert continuous ion flow generated by an ion source into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, improve the utilization rate of the ions and further realize the high duty ratio of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Specifically, the application provides an ion trapping-releasing device, which does not need an additional series ion trap structure, can realize the functions similar to an ion trap, and realizes the high-efficiency trapping and leading-out of ions, thereby improving the duty ratio of a flight time mass spectrometer. The device is shown in fig. 1, and the transmission quadrupole is functionally divided into two parts (but the structure of the transmission quadrupole is still a complete transmission quadrupole), wherein the former part is used for ion transmission, and the latter part is used for trapping and extracting ions. The two functional parts are separated by a through electrode. The ion trapping and releasing device is composed of a penetrating electrode piece 120, an extraction electrode piece 130 and a transmission quadrupole rod therebetween, wherein 120 is the penetrating electrode piece, and 130 is the extraction electrode piece in fig. 1. The transmission quadrupole rod can be a segmented quadrupole rod or a straight rod without a Linac (linear accelerator) but with a certain resistance (realized by a conductive coating), and has the same electrode structure, and the quadrupole rod is in a hyperbolic shape or a cylindrical shape. When the quadrupole rod is a straight rod, the quadrupole rod has a certain resistance (to replace Linac and generate weak axial electric field force), and the resistance of the straight rod is uniformly increased along with the length by uniformly plating a conductive coating, such as an indium tin oxide coating, on the surface of the straight rod. The pair rods of the quadrupole rods are correspondingly connected together, and a pair of radio frequency voltages with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are respectively applied to the two groups of rods which are parallel to each other; different direct current voltages are applied to two ends of the four rods respectively.
The penetrating electrode pole piece 120 is a pole piece with a certain thickness and a central hole which is a circular hole or a grid mesh, and 20 pole pieces of the penetrating electrode 1 are positioned at the rear half part (such as 1/4) of the quadrupole rod and penetrate through the quadrupole rod; the extraction electrode plate 130 is a plate with a circular hole in the center, and is located at the end of the quadrupole rod. Pulse voltages with the same frequency, different amplitudes and phases are applied to the penetrating electrode piece 120 and the leading electrode piece 130 respectively. In addition, the back of the ion trapping and releasing device can be connected with various ion guiding devices in series, such as: electrostatic lenses (Enizel Lens), etc., coupled to a vertical time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF) after the ion guide.
The application further provides a method for improving the duty cycle of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer as follows. And (3) ion trapping stage: ions with different mass-to-charge ratios accelerate to pass through the penetrating electrode plate under the action of a weak axial electric field in the quadrupole rod, the relative voltage of the penetrating electrode plate and the leading-out electrode plate is controlled (for example, the voltage of the leading-out electrode plate is equal to or slightly larger than that of the penetrating electrode plate), the ions entering the penetrating electrode plate are decelerated under the axial electric field, and meanwhile, radial constraint is formed under the radio frequency electric field of the quadrupole rod, so that the cooling collision focusing of the ions between the penetrating electrode plate and the leading-out electrode plate is realized, and the trapping of the ions is realized; in the release stage, the relative voltage of the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading-out electrode pole piece is increased, so that the voltage of the penetrating electrode pole piece is greater than that of the leading-out electrode pole piece, and the trapped ion packets are released in a pulse mode and enter a TOF acceleration region through an ion guide device (such as an electrostatic lens). Through periodic trapping-releasing, continuous ion flow is changed into relatively continuous pulse ion packet flow, and the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved.
Specifically, in a Q-TOF mass spectrometer as shown in fig. 4, Q0 is ion transport, Q1 is a mass analyser, Q2 is a collision cell (Q2 chamber may be filled with an inert gas to generate intra-source CID), Q2 is followed by an ion guide device (e.g. electrostatic Lens) which is followed by a vertical introduction time of flight mass spectrometer (OrthoTOF).
The quadrupole rods in the collision cell are respectively applied with radio frequency voltage and direct current voltage, the radio frequency voltage is applied as shown in figure 5, a pair of radio frequency voltages V with the same amplitude and frequency and 180-degree phase difference are respectively applied on the two pairs of rodsRF. Wherein 1 and 2 respectively represent one rod of the two pairs of rods. A radial constraint force generated by applying a radio frequency voltage to the quadrupole rods; in addition, the same direct current voltage U1 is applied to one end of each of the four polesDCThe same DC voltage U2 is applied to the other ends of the four rodsDCTo generate an axial electric force. The quadrupole dc voltage is applied as shown in fig. 5.
The Q2 dc voltage is applied as shown in fig. 6, and the quadrupole rods are coated with a uniform conductive layer, such as indium tin oxide. The conducting layer can enable the quadrupole rods to have certain resistance, and the resistance linearly increases along with the increase of the length of the rods, so that the straight quadrupole rods are equivalent to the series connection of the segmented quadrupole rods with the same resistance, as shown in a dotted frame of the figure. Different direct current voltages are applied to the two ends of the rod respectively to generate axial electric field force, the method can replace the common Linac (the axial electric field force is generated through the Linac) in the straight rod, and the structure is simpler.
The continuous ion flow generated by the ion source is transmitted by Q0, the quality of Q1 is filtered, and the target parent ion is screened out, and the target parent ion beam is cooled, collided and focused in Q2 through a radial radio frequency field, an axial direct current field and added inert gas, and target daughter ions are generated. The daughter ions penetrate through the electrode pole pieces, the extraction electrode pole pieces and the quadrupole rod part between the electrode pole pieces to form an ion trapping-releasing device. The voltage application pattern of the through electrode tab and the lead electrode tab is shown in fig. 7. In the ion trapping stage, the amplitude of the voltage applied by the penetrating electrode pole piece is slightly lower than that of the extraction electrode pole piece, the ion beam is trapped between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the extraction electrode pole piece under the axial force formed by the relative pressure difference of the 2 electrode pole pieces and the radial constraint of the quadrupole rod radio frequency field, and the ion beam enters the next stage, namely the release stage at the moment along with the increase of the trapped ions. The voltage of the penetrating electrode pole piece is adjusted to be larger than that of the leading-out electrode pole piece, trapped ions are released in the form of ion packets under the action of a large electric field force, and enter a TOF (time of flight) accelerating area after passing through an ion guiding device, and the trapping-releasing period of the ions is carried out, so that continuous ion current generated by an ion source is converted into relatively continuous ion packets, and the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved.
The terms appearing in the present application are explained as follows: q: quadrupole, Quadrupole; LIT: linear Ion Trap, Linear Ion Trap; TOF: Time-Of-Flight, Time analyzer; RF: radio Frequency, Radio Frequency; DC: direct Current, Direct Current; AC: alternating Current, Alternating Current; MS/MS: tandem mass spectrometry; Q-TOF: quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
According to the ion trapping-releasing device and the method for improving the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, an additional series ion trap structure is not needed, the continuous ion flow entering the TOF acceleration region is changed into the relatively continuous ion packet flow, and the duty ratio of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is improved; the sensitivity and the dynamic range of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer are improved; the ion trap does not need to be connected in series, the space charge effect is avoided, the structure is simple, and the implementation is easy.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The ion trapping and releasing device of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer is characterized by comprising a multipole rod, a penetrating electrode pole piece and an extraction electrode pole piece, wherein the penetrating electrode pole piece is arranged at the multipole rod in a penetrating way, and the extraction electrode pole piece is arranged at the tail end of the multipole rod; the ion generator comprises a multipole rod, a penetrating electrode pole piece, an extraction electrode pole piece, a through electrode pole piece, an ion packet, a leading electrode pole piece and a leading electrode pole piece, wherein ions penetrate through the penetrating electrode pole piece in an accelerated mode through an axial electric field generated by the multipole rod, when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is not increased, the ions penetrating through the penetrating electrode pole piece are cooled, collided and focused between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece, and when the relative voltage between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is increased, the ion packet between the penetrating electrode pole piece and the leading electrode pole piece is released through the leading electrode pole piece in a pulse mode.
2. The ion trapping release device of claim 1, wherein the multipole is a segmented multipole or a straight rod with a resistance.
3. The ion trapping and releasing device of claim 1, wherein the multipole is a hyperbolic or cylindrical multipole.
4. The ion trapping and releasing device of claim 1, wherein the multipole is a quadrupole, pairs of quadrupoles of the quadrupole are correspondingly connected, and a pair of RF voltages with equal amplitude and 180 ° phase difference are respectively applied to two parallel groups of quadrupoles; and different direct current voltages are respectively applied to two ends of four rods of the quadrupole rods.
5. The ion trapping release device of claim 1, wherein the through electrode pole piece is disposed through the multipole near the distal end.
6. The ion trapping release device of claim 1, wherein the through electrode pole piece is a circular pole piece with a circular hole or grid as its central hole.
7. The ion trapping and releasing device of claim 1, wherein the extraction electrode plate is a circular plate with a circular hole in its center.
8. The ion trapping and releasing device of claim 1, wherein the penetrating electrode plate and the extraction electrode plate are respectively applied with pulse voltages of the same frequency and different amplitudes and phases, or one of the penetrating electrode plate and the extraction electrode plate is applied with a dc voltage.
9. A time-of-flight mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, a time-of-flight mass analyser and an ion trapping release arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The time-of-flight mass spectrometer of claim 9, wherein the ion guide comprises an electrostatic lens.
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