CN216858360U - End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters - Google Patents
End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN216858360U CN216858360U CN202123437772.6U CN202123437772U CN216858360U CN 216858360 U CN216858360 U CN 216858360U CN 202123437772 U CN202123437772 U CN 202123437772U CN 216858360 U CN216858360 U CN 216858360U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an end mill with unequal cutting edges, which comprises a handle and a milling part positioned at the front end of the handle, wherein the milling part is provided with a first cutting edge group, a second cutting edge group and a plurality of cutting edges, a spiral chip groove is arranged between every two adjacent cutting edges, the first cutting edge group comprises a first end edge and a first spiral edge, the first end edge is radially distributed on one cutting edge, the first spiral edge is axially distributed on the one cutting edge, the second cutting edge group comprises a second end edge and a second spiral edge, the second end edge is radially distributed on the other cutting edge, the second spiral edge is axially distributed on the other cutting edge, and the diameter of the first end edge is larger than that of the second end edge. According to the utility model, the long teeth and the short teeth with different blade diameters are arranged, so that the actual cutting amount of the adjacent two end teeth is different, the cutting forces with different sizes are generated, and the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth is prevented from being concentrated on a specific frequency, thereby effectively inhibiting cutting vibration and improving the surface processing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to metal cutting machining, in particular to an end milling cutter with unequal blade diameters.
Background
In the field of metal machining, cutting is continuously being developed in a direction of high efficiency and high precision, and therefore, higher requirements are also being made on the performance of cutting tools. Vibration is a negative factor in cutting machining, in high-efficiency machining, the vibration can cause abnormal wear failure of a cutter, and the vibration is also a main factor for generating vibration lines on a machined surface.
When a traditional equal-edge-diameter milling cutter is used for cutting, the cutting machining amount of adjacent teeth is equal, equal-volume chips are generated, and therefore cutting force is also equal, the cutting force is a function taking time of rotating through the space between teeth as a period, all cutting force spectral lines are arranged on a specific frequency in a concentrated mode at equal intervals, and therefore resonance is easily generated in machining.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the end mill with unequal blade diameters, which has the advantages that the actual cutting amount of the adjacent two end teeth is different by arranging the long teeth and the short teeth with different blade diameters, so that the cutting forces with different sizes are generated, the concentration of the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth on a specific frequency is avoided, the cutting vibration is effectively inhibited, and the surface processing quality is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the milling part is provided with a first cutting edge group, a second cutting edge group and a plurality of cutting edges, a spiral chip discharge groove is formed between every two adjacent cutting edges, the first cutting edge group comprises a first end edge and a first spiral edge, the first end edge is radially distributed on one cutting edge, the first spiral edge is axially distributed on the other cutting edge, the second cutting edge group comprises a second end edge and a second spiral edge, the second end edge is radially distributed on the other cutting edge, and the diameter of the first end edge is larger than that of the second end edge.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, each land is provided with a first cutting edge group or a second cutting edge group.
As a further improvement of the technical proposal, 0.01D1 < D1-D2 < 0.05D 1.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first end edge intersects the first helical edge.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the second end edge intersects the second helical edge.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a helix angle of the first helical blade is β, and satisfies: -55 ° < β < 55 °.
As a further improvement of the above technical means, a helix angle of the second helical blade is β.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first cutting edge group is provided in plurality, the second cutting edge group is provided in plurality, and the cutting width of the milling part is ae, which satisfies: ae > (D1-D2)/2.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the helical flutes extend from the front end face of the milling portion to the shank.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
the end mill with unequal cutting edges comprises at least one long tooth and one short tooth, wherein the long tooth and the short tooth are positioned on adjacent cutting edges, the cutting edges of the long tooth and the short tooth have a certain difference, the long tooth and the short tooth with different cutting edges are arranged, so that the actual cutting amount of the adjacent two end teeth is different, cutting forces with different sizes are generated, the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth is prevented from being concentrated on a specific frequency, the cutting vibration is effectively inhibited, and the surface processing quality is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an end mill with unequal edge diameters according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of an end mill of unequal edge diameter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of short teeth processing in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of processing a long tooth in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the chip thickness of the short tooth and the long tooth in example 1 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a handle; 2. a milling section; 3. a first cutting edge set; 31. a first end blade; 32. a first helical blade; 4. a second cutting edge set; 41. a second end blade; 42. a second helical blade; 5. a land; 6. a spiral chip groove; 7. and (5) a workpiece.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the unequal-cutting-edge end mill of the present embodiment includes a shank 1 and a milling portion 2 located at a front end of the shank 1, the milling portion 2 is provided with a first cutting edge group 3, a second cutting edge group 4 and a plurality of lands 5, a helical flute 6 is provided between two adjacent lands 5, the first cutting edge group 3 includes a first end edge 31 radially distributed on one land 5 and a first helical edge 32 axially distributed, the second cutting edge group 4 includes a second end edge 41 radially distributed on the other land 5 and a second helical edge 42 axially distributed, and a diameter D1 of the first end edge 31 is greater than a diameter D2 of the second end edge 41. For ease of understanding, the first end edge 31 is simply referred to as a long tooth and the second end edge 41 is simply referred to as a short tooth.
The present embodiment is exemplified by four lands 5. The first cutting edge group 3 is provided with two groups, the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with two groups, each blade 5 is provided with the first cutting edge group 3 or the second cutting edge group 4, and each first end edge 31 and each second end edge 41 form an end edge assembly. Each land 5 is respectively designated as: 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, such that the cutting edges are distributed in particular: the first end edge 31 and the first spiral edge 32 are arranged on the land 5a, the second end edge 41 and the second spiral edge 42 are arranged on the land 5b, the first end edge 31 and the first spiral edge 32 are arranged on the land 5c, and the second end edge 41 and the second spiral edge 42 are arranged on the land 5d, namely, the first cutting edge group 3 and the second cutting edge group 4 are alternately arranged.
The unequal-cutting-edge-diameter end mill has the advantages that in order to improve the vibration resistance performance of the milling cutter during cutting, the D1 and the D2 are designed to be unequal in size and meet the requirement that D1 is larger than D2, so that the actual cutting widths of long teeth and short teeth are different during cutting, different chip thicknesses are generated, the cutting forces are different, the phenomenon that the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth is concentrated on specific frequency is avoided, the cutting vibration is effectively inhibited, and the surface machining quality is improved.
In this embodiment, the difference between D1 and D2 must be controlled within a proper range to ensure the best cutting anti-vibration effect, and preferably, the relationship between the diameter D1 of the first end edge 31 and the diameter D2 of the second end edge 41 satisfies: 0.01D1 < D1-D2 < 0.05D 1. In the present embodiment, the diameter D1 of the long teeth is 10mm, the diameter D2 of the short teeth is 9.8mm, and the diameter D of the shank 2 is 10 mm.
In the present embodiment, the first end edge 31 intersects the first spiral edge 32. The second end edge 41 intersects the second helical edge 42.
In this embodiment, the helix angle of the first helical blade 32 and the second helical blade 42 is β, and when β is less than 0 °, the milling cutter helical groove is of a left-handed structure; when beta is larger than 0 degree, the milling cutter spiral groove is of a right-handed structure; when beta is equal to 0 deg., the milling cutter spiral groove is straight. In order to ensure the cutting performance of the milling cutter, the requirements are as follows: -55 ° < β < 55 °. In the present embodiment, β is preferably 45 °.
In the present embodiment, helical flutes 6 extend from the front end face of the milling portion 2 to the shank 1.
In the embodiment, a cutting width ae of the milling cutter is further defined, and if the cutting width ae of the milling cutter during milling is assumed to be ae, ae > (D1-D2)/2 must be satisfied, so that the short teeth can be guaranteed to be smoothly cut. As shown in the schematic short tooth machining diagram of fig. 3, the workpiece 7 is fed to the right side, the milling cutter rotates counterclockwise, the rotation speed is n, the feeding of each tooth is fz, the time T is required for each rotation of the milling cutter, and each tooth advances to the left side fz. AB indicates the position of the long tooth at the current time T0, and in the following T/4 period, the formed movement locus of the long tooth AB is an arc AE, i.e., AE is the current surface to be machined. By time T0+ T/4, the short tooth moves to the CD position, which is located a distance fz in the feed direction from the AB position. In the second T/4 period, that is, the movement locus of the short-tooth cutting is formed by T0+ T/2, the short-tooth cutting amount is the volume of the black shaded portion M in fig. 3, the arrow k in fig. 3 is the feeding direction, and the arrow n is the rotation direction of the milling cutter. It can be seen that the actual cut width of the short teeth is ae2, which is not equal to the cut width ae of the long teeth, ae2 < ae. In the present embodiment, the cut width ae of the long tooth is 0.4mm, and the cut width ae2 of the short tooth is ae- (D1-D2)/2 is 0.3 mm.
Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, at time T0+ T/2, the long tooth moves to a new AB position, and the long tooth cuts form an arc AG in the motion locus at the subsequent T/4 period, i.e., at time T0+3T/4, and the short tooth cut amounts to the volume of the shaded portion of the black dot in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the actual cut of the short teeth is quite different from the long teeth.
As shown in fig. 5, the thickness of the chip formed by cutting the long teeth is aw1, the thickness of the chip formed by cutting the short teeth is aw2, aw1> aw2, the thicknesses of the chips of the adjacent two end teeth are different, and cutting forces with different sizes are generated, so that the concentration of the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth on a specific frequency is avoided, the cutting vibration is effectively inhibited, and the surface machining quality is improved.
Example 2
The unequal-edge-diameter milling cutter of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with two groups, the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with one group, that is, two long teeth and one short tooth are provided, the corresponding cutting edge lobes 5 are provided with three, and the three cutting edge lobes 5 are sequentially provided with the long teeth, the short teeth and the long teeth in the clockwise direction.
In this embodiment, the cutting width ae of the milling part 2 is in accordance with the cutting width requirement in embodiment 1.
The rest parts which are not described are basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 3
The unequal-cutting-edge-diameter milling cutter of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with one group, the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with two groups, that is, one long tooth, two short teeth and three lands 5 are provided, the first cutting edge group 3 and the second cutting edge group 4 are sequentially and alternately distributed on the three lands 5, and the three lands 5 are sequentially provided with the short teeth, the long teeth and the short teeth in the clockwise direction.
The rest of the parts which are not described are basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 4
The unequal-edge-diameter milling cutter of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with three groups, the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with three groups, the cutting edge lobes 5 are provided with six, the total number of the end teeth is set to 6, the long teeth and the short teeth are respectively three, and the long teeth and the short teeth are arranged alternately, and the six teeth are sequentially set to be the long teeth, the short teeth, the long teeth and the short teeth in the clockwise direction.
In the present embodiment, the cutting width ae of the milling part 2 is in accordance with the cutting width requirement in embodiment 1.
The rest parts which are not described are basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the utility model, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An end mill with unequal cutting edges, characterized in that: the novel milling cutter comprises a handle (1) and a milling part (2) located at the front end of the handle (1), wherein the milling part (2) is provided with a first cutting edge group (3), a second cutting edge group (4) and a plurality of cutting edges (5), a spiral chip discharge groove (6) is formed between every two adjacent cutting edges (5), the first cutting edge group (3) comprises a first end edge (31) and a first spiral edge (32), the first end edge and the first spiral edge are radially distributed on one cutting edge (5), the first spiral edge and the second spiral edge are axially distributed on the other cutting edge (5), the diameter D1 of the first end edge (31) is larger than the diameter D2 of the second end edge (41).
2. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 1, wherein: a first cutting edge group (3) or a second cutting edge group (4) is arranged on each blade land (5).
3. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 1, wherein: 0.01D1 < D1-D2 < 0.05D 1.
4. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first end edge (31) intersects the first helical edge (32).
5. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 4, wherein: the second end edge (41) intersects the second helical edge (42).
6. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the helix angle of the first helical edge (32) is beta, and satisfies the following conditions: -55 ° < β < 55 °.
7. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 6, wherein: the helix angle of the second helical edge (42) is beta.
8. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first cutting edge group (3) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the second cutting edge group (4) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the cutting width of the milling part (2) is ae, and the requirements are as follows: ae > (D1-D2)/2.
9. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the spiral chip grooves (6) extend from the front end face of the milling part (2) to the handle part (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123437772.6U CN216858360U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123437772.6U CN216858360U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216858360U true CN216858360U (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123437772.6U Active CN216858360U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216858360U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202123437772.6U patent/CN216858360U/en active Active
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