CN216858360U - End milling cutter with unequal cutting edge diameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an end mill with unequal cutting edges, which comprises a handle and a milling part positioned at the front end of the handle, wherein the milling part is provided with a first cutting edge group, a second cutting edge group and a plurality of cutting edges, a spiral chip groove is arranged between every two adjacent cutting edges, the first cutting edge group comprises a first end edge and a first spiral edge, the first end edge is radially distributed on one cutting edge, the first spiral edge is axially distributed on the one cutting edge, the second cutting edge group comprises a second end edge and a second spiral edge, the second end edge is radially distributed on the other cutting edge, the second spiral edge is axially distributed on the other cutting edge, and the diameter of the first end edge is larger than that of the second end edge. According to the utility model, the long teeth and the short teeth with different blade diameters are arranged, so that the actual cutting amount of the adjacent two end teeth is different, the cutting forces with different sizes are generated, and the cutting force amplitude spectral line of each end tooth is prevented from being concentrated on a specific frequency, thereby effectively inhibiting cutting vibration and improving the surface processing quality.

Description

An end mill with unequal blade diameter

technical field

The utility model relates to metal cutting, in particular to an end mill with unequal blade diameters.

Background technique

In the field of metal processing, cutting processing continues to develop in the direction of high efficiency and high precision, so higher requirements are also placed on the performance of cutting tools. Vibration is an unfavorable factor in cutting processing. In high-efficiency processing, vibration will lead to abnormal tool wear and failure. Vibration is also the main factor that causes vibration lines on the machined surface.

When the traditional equal-blade diameter milling cutter is cutting, the cutting amount of adjacent teeth is equal, resulting in the same volume of chips, so the cutting force is also the same, which makes the cutting force a function of the period of time passing through the tooth spacing, and the cutting force spectrum All the wires are concentrated at a specific frequency at equal intervals, so resonance is easy to occur during processing.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a kind of long teeth and short teeth with different blade diameters, so that the actual cutting amount of the teeth at the adjacent two ends is different, and the cutting force of different sizes is generated. , to avoid the concentration of the cutting force amplitude spectrum of each end tooth at a specific frequency, thereby effectively suppressing the cutting vibration and improving the surface machining quality of the unequal blade diameter end mill.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An end mill with unequal blade diameter, comprising a shank and a milling part located at the front end of the shank, the milling part is provided with a first cutting edge group, a second cutting edge group and a plurality of blade petals, two adjacent cutting edges are provided. A helical chip flute is arranged between the petals, the first cutting edge set includes a radially distributed first end edge and an axially distributed first helical edge on a blade, and the second cutting edge set includes A radially distributed second end edge and an axially distributed second helical edge on the other blade lobe, the diameter of the first end edge being larger than the diameter of the second end edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, each blade segment is provided with a first cutting edge group or a second cutting edge group.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, 0.01D1<D1-D2<0.05D1.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first end edge intersects with the first helical edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the second end edge intersects with the second helical edge.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the helix angle of the first helical edge is β, which satisfies: -55°<β<55°.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the helix angle of the second helical edge is β.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a plurality of the first cutting edge group is provided, and a plurality of the second cutting edge group is provided, and the cutting width of the milling portion is ae, which satisfies: ae>(D1-D2)/2.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the helical chip flute extends from the front end face of the milling portion to the shank portion.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are:

The unequal blade diameter end mill of the utility model includes at least one long tooth and one short tooth. The long tooth and the short tooth are located on adjacent blade lobes, and there is a certain difference between the blade diameters of the two. By setting different blade diameters There are long teeth and short teeth, so that the actual cutting amount of the adjacent teeth at both ends is different, and the cutting force of different sizes is generated, so as to avoid the concentration of the cutting force amplitude spectrum of each end tooth on a specific frequency, thereby effectively suppressing the cutting vibration , improve the surface processing quality.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the unequal blade diameter end mill according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the unequal blade diameter end mill according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the machining of short teeth in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the machining of long teeth in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of chip thickness of short teeth and long teeth in Example 1 of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure represent:

1. Shank part; 2. Milling part; 3. The first cutting edge group; 31. The first end edge; 32, The first spiral edge; 4. The second cutting edge group; 41, The second end edge; 2. Spiral edge; 5. Blade flap; 6. Spiral flute; 7. Work piece.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the description.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the unequal blade diameter end mill of this embodiment includes a shank 1 and a milling part 2 at the front end of the shank 1. The milling part 2 is provided with a first cutting edge group 3, a second cutting edge A cutting edge group 4 and a plurality of blade flaps 5, a helical chip flute 6 is arranged between two adjacent blade flaps 5, and the first cutting edge group 3 includes a first end edge radially distributed on one blade flap 5 31 and an axially distributed first helical edge 32, the second cutting edge group 4 includes a radially distributed second end edge 41 and an axially distributed second helical edge 42 on the other blade 5, the first end edge The diameter D1 of the 31 is larger than the diameter D2 of the second end edge 41 . For ease of understanding, the first end edge 31 is simply referred to as a long tooth, and the second end edge 41 is abbreviated as a short tooth.

This embodiment takes four blade flaps 5 as an example. The first cutting edge group 3 is provided with two groups, and the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with two groups, so as to ensure that each blade 5 is provided with the first cutting edge group 3 or the second cutting edge group 4, and each first end edge 31 and The second end blade 41 constitutes an end blade assembly. Each blade 5 is demarcated as: 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, so that each cutting edge is specifically distributed as: the blade 5a is provided with the first end edge 31 and the first spiral edge 32, and the blade 5b is provided with a second end The edge 41 and the second helical edge 42, the first end edge 31 and the first helical edge 32 are set on the blade 5c, and the second end edge 41 and the second helical edge 42 are set on the blade 5d, namely the first cutting edge group 3 and the second cutting edge groups 4 are alternately arranged.

In order to improve the anti-vibration performance of the unequal blade diameter end mill, D1 and D2 are designed to be unequal in size and satisfy D1>D2, so that the actual cutting width of the long and short teeth will be different during cutting. Different chip thicknesses and different cutting forces are produced to avoid the concentration of the cutting force amplitude spectrum of each end tooth on a specific frequency, thereby effectively suppressing cutting vibration and improving surface processing quality.

In this embodiment, the difference between D1 and D2 must be controlled within an appropriate range to ensure the best anti-vibration cutting effect. Preferably, the diameter of the first end edge 31 is D1 and the diameter of the second end edge 41 is The relationship of D2 satisfies: 0.01D1<D1-D2<0.05D1. In this embodiment, the diameter of the long teeth is D1=10mm, the diameter of the short teeth is D2=9.8mm, and the diameter of the shank 2 is D=10mm.

In this embodiment, the first end edge 31 intersects the first helical edge 32 . The second end edge 41 intersects the second helical edge 42 .

In this embodiment, the helix angle of the helix angle between the first helical edge 32 and the second helical edge 42 is β, and when β<0°, the helical groove of the milling cutter is a left-handed structure; when β>0°, the helical groove of the milling cutter is Right-handed structure; when β=0°, the helical groove of the milling cutter is a straight groove. In order to ensure the cutting performance of the milling cutter, satisfy: -55°<β<55°. In this embodiment, preferably, β=45°.

In this embodiment, the helical chip flutes 6 extend from the front end face of the milling portion 2 to the shank portion 1 .

In this embodiment, the all-width ae, one of the cutting parameters of the milling cutter, is further limited. Assuming that the cutting width of the milling cutter during milling is ae, ae must satisfy ae>(D1-D2)/2, so as to ensure the smoothness of the short teeth Do cutting. As shown in the schematic diagram of short tooth machining in Figure 3, the workpiece 7 is fed to the right, the milling cutter rotates counterclockwise, the speed is n, the feed per tooth is fz, and the milling cutter takes time T for each revolution, and each tooth turns to the left forward fz. AB represents the position of the long tooth at the current time t0, and in the subsequent T/4 cycle, the movement trajectory formed by the long tooth AB is the arc AE, that is, AE is the current surface to be machined. At the moment of t0+T/4, the short tooth moves to the CD position, and the distance between the CD position and the AB position in the feeding direction is fz. In the second T/4 period, that is, at the moment of t0+T/2, the short tooth cutting forms an arc CF, and the short tooth cutting amount is the volume of the black shaded part M in Figure 3, and the arrow k in Figure 3 For the feed direction, the arrow n is the rotation direction of the milling cutter. It can be seen that the actual cutting width of the short teeth is ae2, which is not equal to the cutting width ae of the long teeth, ae2﹤ae. In this embodiment, the cutting width of the long teeth is ae=0.4 mm, and the cutting width of the short teeth is ae2=ae-(D1-D2)/2=0.3 mm.

Similarly, as shown in Figure 4, at the moment t0+T/2, the long tooth moves to the new AB position, and in the subsequent T/4 period, that is, at the moment t0+3T/4, the long tooth cutting forms an arc. Line AG, the short tooth cutting amount is the volume of the shaded part of the black dot in Figure 4. It can be seen that the actual cutting amount of short teeth is completely different from that of long teeth.

As shown in Figure 5, the chip thickness formed by long-tooth cutting is aw1, and the chip thickness formed by short-tooth cutting is aw2, aw1>aw2. The cutting force amplitude spectrum line of each end tooth is concentrated on a specific frequency, thereby effectively suppressing cutting vibration and improving the surface processing quality.

Example 2

The difference between the unequal blade diameter milling cutter of this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is:

In this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with two groups, and the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with one group, that is, there are two long teeth, one short tooth, three corresponding blades 5, and three blades 5 is set as long teeth, short teeth and long teeth in clockwise direction.

In this embodiment, the cutting width ae of the milling part 2 is consistent with the cutting width requirement in the first embodiment.

The remaining undescribed points are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 3

The difference between the unequal blade diameter milling cutter of this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is:

In this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with one group, and the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with two groups, that is, one long tooth, two short teeth, three blade lobes 5, and the first cutting edge group 3 and the second cutting edge group 4 are alternately distributed on the three blade lobes 5 in turn, and the three blade lobes 5 are sequentially arranged with short teeth, long teeth and short teeth in a clockwise direction.

The remaining undescribed points are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 4

The difference between the unequal blade diameter milling cutter of this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is:

In this embodiment, the first cutting edge group 3 is provided with three groups, the second cutting edge group 4 is provided with three groups, the blade flaps 5 are provided with six, and the total number of end teeth is set to six, three long teeth and three short teeth respectively, and The long teeth and the short teeth are arranged alternately, and the six teeth are arranged clockwise as long teeth, short teeth, long teeth, short teeth, long teeth, and short teeth.

In this embodiment, the cutting width ae of the milling part 2 is consistent with the cutting width requirement in the first embodiment.

The remaining undescribed points are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can utilize the technical content disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or be modified to equivalent changes, etc. effective example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An end mill with unequal cutting edges, characterized in that: the novel milling cutter comprises a handle (1) and a milling part (2) located at the front end of the handle (1), wherein the milling part (2) is provided with a first cutting edge group (3), a second cutting edge group (4) and a plurality of cutting edges (5), a spiral chip discharge groove (6) is formed between every two adjacent cutting edges (5), the first cutting edge group (3) comprises a first end edge (31) and a first spiral edge (32), the first end edge and the first spiral edge are radially distributed on one cutting edge (5), the first spiral edge and the second spiral edge are axially distributed on the other cutting edge (5), the diameter D1 of the first end edge (31) is larger than the diameter D2 of the second end edge (41).

2. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 1, wherein: a first cutting edge group (3) or a second cutting edge group (4) is arranged on each blade land (5).

3. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 1, wherein: 0.01D1 < D1-D2 < 0.05D 1.

4. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first end edge (31) intersects the first helical edge (32).

5. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 4, wherein: the second end edge (41) intersects the second helical edge (42).

6. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the helix angle of the first helical edge (32) is beta, and satisfies the following conditions: -55 ° < β < 55 °.

7. The unequal-radius end mill according to claim 6, wherein: the helix angle of the second helical edge (42) is beta.

8. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first cutting edge group (3) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the second cutting edge group (4) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges, the cutting width of the milling part (2) is ae, and the requirements are as follows: ae > (D1-D2)/2.

9. The unequal-edged radius end mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the spiral chip grooves (6) extend from the front end face of the milling part (2) to the handle part (1).

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