CN216816884U - Switching-on/off detection circuit and electrical equipment - Google Patents
Switching-on/off detection circuit and electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a divide-shut brake detection circuitry and electrical equipment, this divide-shut brake detection circuitry includes: the energy storage circuit is connected in parallel between the voltage reduction circuit and the level conversion circuit; the shaping circuit is used for shaping signals collected at the alternating current outgoing line end; the voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage of the shaped signal; the energy storage circuit is used for storing energy of the voltage-reduced signal and releasing energy when the voltage-reduced signal is not received; the level switching circuit is used for being cut off when not receiving the voltage signal to output a first level signal, and is switched on when receiving the voltage reduction signal or the voltage release signal to output a second level signal, and the first level signal and the second level signal are respectively used for indicating that the electrical equipment is in an opening state and a closing state, so that opening and closing detection is realized, a microprocessor of the electrical equipment can be prevented from being awakened for multiple times, and power consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a switching-on/off detection circuit and electrical equipment.
Background
With the advance of energy saving and carbon reduction, the standby power consumption requirement of the miniature intelligent circuit breaker is lower and lower. In the intelligent circuit breaker, a microprocessor is a high-power-consumption unit, so that the power consumption of the microprocessor is reduced, and the microprocessor is an effective means for reducing the power consumption of the whole circuit breaker. The most efficient solution to reduce the power consumption of a microcontroller is to let it enter a low power consumption state. However, in order to detect the voltage condition at the outlet port of the circuit breaker in real time, the microprocessor must wake up from a sleep state often to detect.
For the existing switching-on/off detection circuit, a full-wave shaping circuit, a voltage stabilizing tube and other structures are mainly arranged at an alternating current outlet to realize the voltage condition detection of the outlet. When the outlet terminal is powered on, because the ac signal with a power frequency of 50Hz is accessed, that is, 50 periodic waves are generated every second, the full-wave shaping circuit performs full-wave shaping on the acquired ac signal, so as to obtain a waveform as shown in fig. 1. In a closed state, the scheme design enables the microprocessor to be awakened at least 50 times, which greatly increases the power consumption of the microprocessor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides an opening and closing detection circuit and an electrical device, where the opening and closing detection circuit performs opening and closing detection on a wire outlet end of the electrical device, so that a microprocessor of the electrical device can be prevented from being awakened many times, and power consumption of the device is greatly reduced.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a switching detection circuit, including: the energy storage circuit comprises a shaping circuit, a voltage reduction circuit, a level conversion circuit and an energy storage circuit which are connected in sequence, wherein one end of the energy storage circuit is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction circuit, and the other end of the energy storage circuit is grounded;
the shaping circuit is used for connecting an alternating current outlet end of electrical equipment with a switching-on and switching-off function, and shaping alternating current signals collected on the alternating current outlet end when the alternating current outlet end is electrified to obtain pulse signals;
the voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage of the pulse signal to obtain a voltage reduction signal;
the energy storage circuit is used for storing energy of the voltage reduction signal and releasing energy when the voltage reduction signal is not received so as to output a discharge voltage signal;
the level conversion circuit is used for being switched off when a voltage signal is not received to output a first level signal, and is switched on when the voltage reduction signal or the bleeder voltage signal is received to output a second level signal, and the first level signal and the second level signal are respectively used for indicating that the electrical equipment is in an opening state and a closing state.
In some embodiments, the shaping circuit includes a diode, an anode of the diode is used for connecting an alternating current outlet terminal of the electrical device, and a cathode of the diode is connected with the input terminal of the voltage reduction circuit.
In some embodiments, the voltage dropping circuit includes at least one voltage dividing resistor, one end of the voltage dividing resistor is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the voltage dividing resistor is connected to the energy storage circuit.
In some embodiments, the energy storage circuit includes a first resistor and a storage capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the voltage reduction circuit and the anode of the storage capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the storage capacitor; the positive pole of the storage capacitor is connected with the level conversion circuit, and the negative pole of the storage capacitor is grounded.
In some embodiments, the level shift circuit includes a switching tube, a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the storage capacitor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the switching tube;
the second end of the switch tube is used as a level signal output end and is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is used for connecting power supply voltage, and the third end of the switch tube is grounded.
In some embodiments, when the supply voltage is 5V, the first level signal is 5V, and the second level signal is 0V.
In some embodiments, the discharge time of the storage capacitor is not less than the duration of the ac negative half-cycle of the ac signal.
In some embodiments, the storage capacitor is a ceramic capacitor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including: the input end of the opening and closing detection circuit is connected with an alternating current outlet end of the electrical equipment, and the output end of the opening and closing detection circuit is connected with a wake-up function pin of the microprocessor;
the switching-on/off detection circuit is used for detecting the switching-on/off state of the electrical equipment and correspondingly sending a first level signal or a second level signal to the microprocessor when the switching-on/off state or the switching-on state is detected.
In some embodiments, the electrical device is a smart circuit breaker.
The embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
the divide-shut brake detection circuitry of this application embodiment is used for carrying out separating brake and combined floodgate to the electrical equipment that has the divide-shut brake function and detects, and this divide-shut brake detection circuitry includes: the energy storage circuit is connected between the voltage reduction circuit and the level conversion circuit in parallel; when the alternating current outlet end is electrified, shaping an alternating current signal collected on the alternating current outlet end through a shaping circuit to obtain a pulse signal; the voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage of the pulse signal to obtain a voltage reduction signal; the energy storage circuit is used for storing energy of the voltage reduction signal and releasing energy when the voltage reduction signal is not received so as to output a release voltage signal; the level conversion circuit is used for being switched off when not receiving the voltage signal to output a first level signal, and is switched on when receiving the voltage reduction signal or the bleeder voltage signal to output a second level signal, and the first level signal and the second level signal are respectively used for indicating that the electrical equipment is in an opening state and a closing state. The switching-on and switching-off state detection is carried out on the wire outlet end of the electrical equipment through the switching-on and switching-off detection circuit, and meanwhile, the controller can be prevented from being awakened for many times, so that the system power consumption of the electrical equipment is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows a waveform schematic using a prior art divide-shut brake detection circuit output;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device of an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a switching-on/off detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a circuit schematic diagram of the opening and closing detection circuit according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a waveform schematic diagram of a switching-on/off detection circuit using an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the main element symbols:
100-switching-on and switching-off detection circuit; 110-a shaping circuit; 120-a voltage reduction circuit; 130-a tank circuit;
140-a level shifting circuit; 10-an electrical device; 11-a microprocessor; 12-switching-on and switching-off assembly.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Hereinafter, the terms "including", "having", and their derivatives, which may be used in various embodiments of the present application, are intended to indicate only specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of, or adding to, one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of the present application belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their contextual meaning in the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in various embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical apparatus 10 with a switching function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Exemplarily, the electrical device 10 includes a microprocessor 11 and a switching-closing assembly 12, wherein an input end of the electrical device 10 serves as an incoming line end of an alternating current signal, an output end thereof serves as an outgoing line end of the alternating current signal, and the switching-closing assembly 12 is located between the incoming line end and the outgoing line end, it can be understood that, when switching is performed, alternating current at the incoming line end can be transmitted to the outgoing line end; when the brake is switched off, the alternating current at the incoming line end cannot be transmitted to the outgoing line end. For example, the electrical device 10 may include, but is not limited to, a smart circuit breaker having a reclosing function, a leakage protector, and the like.
Based on the structure of the electrical device 10, the embodiment of the present application provides an opening and closing detection circuit 100, which can be used for detecting an opening or closing state of the electrical device 10, and can greatly reduce the power consumption of the microprocessor 11 by waking up the controller only once when the electrical device enters the opening and closing state, thereby reducing the power consumption of the entire electrical device 10. In addition, the switching-on or switching-off reliability of the equipment can be detected. The switching detection circuit 100 will be described in detail below.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the opening/closing detection circuit 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Exemplarily, the switching detection circuit 100 includes a shaping circuit 110, a voltage-reducing circuit 120, a tank circuit 130 and a level shift circuit 140, and specifically, the shaping circuit 110, the voltage-reducing circuit 120 and the level shift circuit 140 are connected in sequence, one end of the tank circuit 130 is connected to the output end of the voltage-reducing circuit 120, and the other end is grounded, that is, the tank circuit 130 is connected in parallel between the voltage-reducing circuit 120 and the level shift circuit 140. Wherein, the input end of the shaping circuit 110 is used as the input end of the switching detection circuit 100 and is used for connecting the outlet end of the electrical device 10; the output end of the level conversion circuit 140 is used as the output end of the switching detection circuit 100, and is used for connecting the microprocessor 11 (also called MCU) of the electrical device 10 to correspondingly control the electrical device 10. Of course, the output terminal of the level shift circuit 140 may also be connected to other controllers to control the electrical device 10 accordingly.
It can be understood that the switching detection circuit 100 is configured to perform switching detection and switching detection on the electrical device 10, and output a corresponding level signal, where on one hand, the level signal can be used to wake up the controller, so that the controller can enter the operating state from the standby state; on the other hand, the controller may also perform corresponding control operations on the electrical device 10 according to the output corresponding level signals.
The standby state, also called a sleep state, is a low power consumption operating mode in which the operating current of the controller is small, usually down to the microampere (uA) level. In the above-described operating state, unlike the standby state, the power consumption is high because the operating current is large, and the controller usually performs signal processing in this state. It can be understood that by reducing the number of times that the controller is awakened in the closing state, the power consumption of the controller can be reduced, and the average power consumption of the device can be further reduced.
In this embodiment, the shaping circuit 110 is mainly used to collect an ac signal from the ac outlet end and shape the ac signal when the outlet end of the electrical device 10 is powered on, so as to obtain a pulse-type high-voltage signal. It is noted that here half-wave shaping is used, i.e. shaping only the positive half-cycles of the alternating signal. The voltage-reducing circuit 120 is mainly used for reducing the voltage of the pulse signal output by the shaping circuit 110 to obtain a reduced voltage signal (also referred to as a low voltage signal). The energy storage circuit 130 is configured to store energy of the step-down signal, and is further configured to release energy to output a bleed-off voltage signal when the step-down signal is not received. Finally, the level shift circuit 140 is configured to turn off when the voltage signal is not received to output a first level signal, and turn on when the step-down signal or the bleed-off voltage signal is received to output a second level signal, where the first level signal is used to indicate that the electrical device 10 is in the open state, and the second level signal is used to indicate that the electrical device 10 is in the close state. It should be understood that the first level signal corresponds to the open state and the second level signal corresponds to the closed state, which is only an example of the correspondence relationship between the two level signals and the two states.
In order to better understand the switching detection circuit 100, the components of the switching detection circuit 100 will be described in detail below.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the shaping circuit 110 includes a diode, an anode of which is exemplarily used for connecting the ac outlet of the electrical device 10, and a cathode of which is connected to the input of the step-down circuit 120. In this embodiment, the diode is used to implement a half-wave shaping function, that is, only the positive half cycle of the ac signal is shaped, which has the advantages of low cost and reduced circuit complexity. And for the negative half period signal of the alternating current signal, the diode has a unidirectional conduction characteristic, so that the diode can be prevented from being input into the voltage reduction circuit 120.
In one embodiment, the voltage-reducing circuit 120 may be implemented by a voltage-dividing resistor, for example, the voltage-reducing circuit 120 may include at least one voltage-dividing resistor, wherein one end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the energy-storing circuit 130. As shown in fig. 4, the step-down circuit 120 is exemplified by three series-connected voltage-dividing resistors RS1 to RS 3. It should be understood that the three voltage dividing resistors connected in series are only an example, and the connection manner and the number of the voltage dividing resistors are not limited, for example, a plurality of voltage dividing resistors may be connected in series, may be connected in parallel, may be connected in series and parallel, and may be specifically determined according to the magnitude of the step-down voltage actually required by the step-down circuit 120.
In this embodiment, the energy storage circuit 130 is mainly used for storing energy of the stepped-down voltage, for example, in an implementation, the energy storage circuit 130 may include a first resistor R1 and a storage capacitor C1, as shown in fig. 4, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the step-down circuit 120 and the anode of the storage capacitor C1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the storage capacitor C1; the anode of the storage capacitor C1 is also connected to the level shifter 140, and the cathode of the storage capacitor C1 is grounded. The storage capacitor C1 is used for storing energy when the voltage step-down circuit 120 has voltage output, and releasing energy when the voltage step-down circuit 120 has no voltage output, i.e. during the negative half period of the ac signal, to provide the voltage required by the level shift circuit 140 to maintain the output state.
It will be appreciated that the discharge time of the storage capacitor C1 is not less than the duration of the negative ac half cycle of the ac signal collected at the outlet, so as to ensure that the output state of the level shifter 140 is maintained during the negative half cycle. The resistance of the first resistor R1 and the size of the storage capacitor C1 can be used to adjust the charging or discharging time of the storage capacitor C1. For example, the storage capacitor C1 may be a ceramic patch capacitor, on one hand, the ceramic capacitor has good temperature characteristics and is less affected by temperature; and on the other hand, the occupied space is smaller, and the occupied area of the circuit is favorably reduced. Of course, the storage capacitor C1 may be other types of capacitors, and is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the level shift circuit 140 mainly includes a switch Q1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, specifically, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the storage capacitor C1, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the switch Q1; the second end of the switching tube Q1 is used as a level signal output end and is connected with one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is used for connecting a power supply voltage, and the third end of the switching tube Q1 is grounded. The switching transistor Q1 may be a PNP or NPN transistor, or a device having a switching characteristic such as a MOS transistor. Taking an NPN transistor as an example, as shown in fig. 4, the base of the NPN transistor is connected to the first resistor R1, the collector is connected to the third resistor R3 and the supply voltage, and the emitter is grounded.
In this embodiment, different analog voltage signals are converted into different TTL levels by controlling the on/off of the switching tube Q1, and then the analog voltage signals are used as state indication signals of different switches output by the switching detection circuit 100 and are transmitted to the controller for corresponding processing. For example, when the power supply voltage is 5V, the first level signal and the second level signal may be 5V and 0V, respectively, and the like. Generally, the value of one of the two level signals is selected according to the supply voltage.
Based on the structural design shown in fig. 4, the operation principle of the switching detection circuit 100 will be described below by taking an intelligent circuit breaker with a switching function as an example.
When the intelligent circuit breaker performs a closing operation, the outlet end should be in a power-on state, at this time, the closing and closing detection circuit 100 acquires a high-voltage alternating-current signal, performs half-wave shaping through a diode to obtain a high-voltage pulse signal, then performs voltage reduction through a divider resistor, the reduced-voltage signal is used for charging a storage capacitor C1, the triode is switched on because the voltage at the two ends of the storage capacitor C1 is greater than or equal to the switching-on voltage of the triode, and at this time, the collector electrode of the triode outputs a 0V level to the microprocessor 11; when entering the negative half cycle, due to the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the diode, the storage capacitor C1 discharges through the discharge loop formed by the second resistor R2 and the triode, at this time, the triode continues to be conducted, and then the collector continuously outputs the 0V level, and then enters the positive half cycle again immediately after or before the discharge is finished, and the above process is repeated, so that a stable 0V level can be always output in the closing state, as shown in fig. 5.
And after the intelligent circuit breaker executes the opening operation, the outlet terminal is in the power-off state, the opening and closing detection circuit 100 cannot collect a voltage signal at the moment, and further, the storage capacitor C1 cannot be charged, so that the triode is in the cut-off state, and at the moment, the 5V level is output to the microprocessor 11.
It can be understood that, since the switching detection circuit 100 collects the ac power frequency signal, in order to avoid the controller being repeatedly awakened in the closing state, the present application realizes that, when the outgoing line is powered on, waveform shaping is performed and energy storage is performed by using the voltage after voltage reduction in the positive half cycle of the ac signal by setting half-wave shaping and combining with the storage capacitor C1, and in the negative half cycle of the ac signal, the previously stored energy is released to provide the voltage for maintaining the current output level for the subsequent level conversion circuit 140, so that the switching detection circuit 100 only appears one stable level during the whole power-on period of the outgoing line (at this time, the outgoing line is in the closing state), and appears another level during the power-off period.
Based on this, for the controller for switching on and off to receive the detection signal, only when the power on (corresponding to the switch-on) or the power off (corresponding to the switch-off) is detected, the controller is awakened by the corresponding level signal output by the switching on and off detection circuit 100, and is in the low power consumption state in other time periods. It can be understood that, for the application to the electrical apparatus 10 such as a circuit breaker with a switching function, the power consumption of the controller can be greatly reduced by the switching detection circuit 100 described above.
It should be understood that the switching detection circuit 100 of the present embodiment may be in the form of a packaged circuit module alone, or may be a part of the electrical device 10, that is, disposed inside the electrical device 10, and is not limited herein. For example, the present embodiment further provides an electrical device 10, and exemplarily, the electrical device 10 includes a microprocessor 11 and the switching-on/off detection circuit 100 of the foregoing embodiment, an input end of the switching-on/off detection circuit 100 is connected to an ac outlet of the electrical device 10, and an output end of the switching-on/off detection circuit 100 is connected to a wake-up function pin of the microprocessor 11; the switching-on/off detection circuit 100 is configured to detect a switching-on/off state of the electrical device 10, and when it is detected that the switching-on/off state or the switching-off state enters the switching-on state, correspondingly send a first level signal or a second level signal to the microprocessor 11, so that the microcontroller enters a working state from an awake state, and performs corresponding signal processing.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a switching on/off detection circuitry which characterized in that includes: the energy storage circuit comprises a shaping circuit, a voltage reduction circuit, a level conversion circuit and an energy storage circuit which are connected in sequence, wherein one end of the energy storage circuit is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction circuit, and the other end of the energy storage circuit is grounded;
the shaping circuit is used for connecting an alternating current outlet end of electrical equipment with a switching-on and switching-off function, and shaping alternating current signals collected on the alternating current outlet end when the alternating current outlet end is electrified to obtain pulse signals;
the voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage of the pulse signal to obtain a voltage reduction signal;
the energy storage circuit is used for storing energy of the voltage reduction signal and releasing energy when the voltage reduction signal is not received so as to output a discharge voltage signal;
the level conversion circuit is used for being switched off when a voltage signal is not received to output a first level signal, and is switched on when the voltage reduction signal or the bleeder voltage signal is received to output a second level signal, and the first level signal and the second level signal are respectively used for indicating that the electrical equipment is in an opening state and a closing state.
2. The switching-closing detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the shaping circuit comprises a diode, an anode of the diode is used for connecting an alternating current outlet terminal of the electrical equipment, and a cathode of the diode is connected with an input terminal of the voltage reduction circuit.
3. The switching-on/off detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the voltage reduction circuit comprises at least one voltage division resistor, one end of the voltage division resistor is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the voltage division resistor is connected to the energy storage circuit.
4. The switching-on/off detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage circuit comprises a first resistor and a storage capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the voltage reduction circuit and the positive electrode of the storage capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the storage capacitor; the positive pole of the storage capacitor is connected with the level conversion circuit, and the negative pole of the storage capacitor is grounded.
5. The opening/closing detection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the level shift circuit includes a switching tube, a second resistor, and a third resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the storage capacitor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the switching tube;
the second end of the switch tube is used as a level signal output end and is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is used for connecting power supply voltage, and the third end of the switch tube is grounded.
6. The switching-off and switching-on detection circuit according to claim 5, wherein when the power supply voltage is 5V, the first level signal is 5V, and the second level signal is 0V.
7. A switch-off and switch-on detection circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the discharge time of the storage capacitor is not less than the duration of the AC negative half cycle of the AC signal.
8. The switching-off and switching-on detection circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the storage capacitor is a ceramic capacitor.
9. An electrical apparatus, characterized in that the electrical apparatus comprises: a microprocessor and a switching on/off detection circuit according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an input end of the switching on/off detection circuit is connected to an alternating current outlet end of the electrical device, and an output end of the switching on/off detection circuit is connected to a wake-up function pin of the microprocessor;
the switching-on/off detection circuit is used for detecting the switching-on/off state of the electrical equipment and sending a corresponding first level signal or second level signal to the microprocessor when the switching-on/off state or the switching-on state is detected.
10. The electrical device of claim 9, wherein the electrical device is a smart circuit breaker.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220207987.4U CN216816884U (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Switching-on/off detection circuit and electrical equipment |
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| CN202220207987.4U CN216816884U (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Switching-on/off detection circuit and electrical equipment |
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