CN216802453U

CN216802453U - Hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation

Info

Publication number: CN216802453U
Application number: CN202123237154.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘旭华
Original assignee: Zhejiang Yawei Precision Machine Tool Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Yawei Precision Machine Tool Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-20
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2022-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrostatic guideway for inhibiting thermal deformation, which belongs to the field of hydrostatic guideways and comprises a fixed guideway, a movable guideway and a driving mechanism, wherein the movable guideway comprises a front slide block and a rear slide block which are arranged on the fixed guideway in a sliding way, oil cavities are respectively arranged between the front slide block and the fixed guideway and between the rear slide block and the fixed guideway, a connecting frame is connected between the front slide block and the rear slide block and is made of non-metal hard materials, the driving mechanism is connected with the connecting frame and can drive the connecting frame, the front slide block and the rear slide block to move together, a mutually matched position sensing mechanism is arranged between the connecting frame and the movable guideway, when hydraulic oil is input into the oil cavities between the front slide block and the fixed guideway and between the rear slide block and the fixed guideway, the connecting frame has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient and low thermal conductivity, the influence of the temperature in the oil cavities on the connecting frame is less, and the precision and flexibility of the movement of the movable guideway caused by the temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil are greatly limited, the movable guide rail can be stopped at a set position through the position sensing mechanism.

Description

Hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of hydrostatic guides, in particular to a hydrostatic guide capable of inhibiting thermal deformation.

Background

Hydrostatic guideway has been widely used in machine tools due to its low friction, low vibration and high precision. The static pressure guide rail is divided into an oil static pressure guide rail and an air static pressure guide rail, generally comprises a fixed guide rail and a movable guide rail, wherein the movable guide rail is arranged on the fixed guide rail in a sliding manner, an oil film gap or an air film gap is formed between the movable guide rail and the fixed guide rail, oil or air with certain pressure is input into the oil film gap or the air film gap, a bearing oil film or a bearing air film can be formed, and the movable guide rail and the fixed guide rail are in a pure liquid or gas friction state.

For example, a hydrostatic guideway and a manufacturing method thereof disclosed in the patent publication No. CN100363150C include a fixed guideway, a slider, and a movable guideway plate, where the slider is fixed on the movable guideway plate to form the movable guideway, and a hydrostatic oil cavity is provided between the slider and the fixed guideway. The existing oil hydrostatic guide rail is generally made of steel, when hydraulic oil with certain pressure is injected into an oil cavity, the hydraulic oil can generate higher temperature, the oil can be cooled by an oil cooler generally, but the oil temperature can fluctuate within the range of 2-5 ℃, and due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficient and the conduction coefficient of the steel are higher, the fixed guide rail and the movable guide rail generate uneven thermal expansion deformation under larger temperature fluctuation, the moving precision and the moving flexibility of the guide rail are affected, and the movable guide rail cannot be fixed on a set position through a grating ruler displacement sensor.

For solving the heat deformation problem of the movable guide rail, the closed hydrostatic guide rail is disclosed, the patent publication number is CN101829904A, the upper surface of a base and a slide block base arranged on the base are sequentially provided with a horizontal supporting guide rail and a vertical supporting guide rail from bottom to top, a slide block is embedded in a groove formed by the horizontal supporting guide rail and the vertical supporting guide rail, a hydrostatic oil cavity is arranged between the upper surface of the slide block and the lower surface of the vertical supporting guide rail, a hydrostatic oil cavity is arranged between the lower surface of the slide block and the upper surface of the base, a hydrostatic oil cavity is arranged between the side surface of the slide block and the side surface of the horizontal supporting guide rail, the vertical supporting guide rail, the horizontal supporting guide rail and the base are made of granite materials.

Because the granite material has the advantage that heat conduction coefficient is low, coefficient of thermal expansion is low, above-mentioned patent is through making fixed guide rail and movable guide rail all adopt the granite material, when hydraulic oil is imported in the hydrostatic pressure oil pocket, fixed guide rail and movable guide rail can not be heated and take place thermal deformation.

However, the hydraulic oil is input into the hydrostatic oil cavity with a certain pressure, the pressure in the oil cavity is generally 3 mpa, the pressure can act on the fixed guide rail and the movable guide rail, and the outer guide rail is easy to break because the granite has no toughness, has large brittleness and weak bending resistance, and the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the hydrostatic oil cavity acts on the outer guide rail, so stone materials such as granite and the like are rarely used on the hydrostatic guide rail.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a hydrostatic guideway capable of inhibiting thermal deformation.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the hydrostatic guideway for inhibiting thermal deformation comprises a fixed guideway and a movable guideway which is arranged on the fixed guideway in a sliding way, the movable guideway is driven by a driving mechanism to slide, and is characterized in that the movable guideway comprises a front slide block and a rear slide block which are arranged on the fixed guideway in a sliding way, oil cavities are arranged between the front slide block and the fixed guideway and between the rear slide block and the fixed guideway,

the front sliding block and the rear sliding block are arranged at intervals, a connecting frame is arranged between the front sliding block and the rear sliding block, the two ends of the connecting frame are respectively connected with the front sliding block and the rear sliding block, the connecting frame is made of nonmetal hard materials, the driving mechanism is connected with the connecting frame and can drive the connecting frame, the front sliding block and the rear sliding block to move together, and a position sensing mechanism which is matched with the connecting frame and the movable guide rail is arranged between the connecting frame and the movable guide rail and used for positioning the movable guide rail.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the front sliding block and the rear sliding block are made of metal materials.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the connecting frame is made of stone materials and comprises marble materials or granite materials.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the connecting frame is made of carbon fiber materials or glass steel materials.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the position sensing mechanism is a grating ruler position sensor which comprises a scale grating and a grating reading head, the scale grating is fixed on the fixed guide rail, and the grating reading head is connected to the connecting frame.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the fixed guide rail is embedded in the front sliding block and the rear sliding block.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the fixed guide rail is of an I-shaped structure, sliding grooves are formed between the upper side and the lower side of the I-shaped structure and located on two sides of the fixed guide rail, L-shaped connecting portions are arranged on two sides of the front sliding block and two sides of the rear sliding block respectively, the connecting portions on two sides of the front sliding block and the rear sliding block are inserted into the sliding grooves on two sides of the fixed guide rail respectively, the connecting frame is of a flat plate structure and is connected between the front sliding block and the rear sliding block.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the driving mechanism comprises a linear motor, the linear motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the rotor is arranged on the stator and can slide linearly relative to the stator, the stator is connected to the fixed guide rail, and the rotor is connected to the connecting frame.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the driving mechanism comprises a lead screw nut transmission assembly, the lead screw nut transmission assembly comprises a motor, a lead screw and a nut, the motor is fixed on the fixed guide rail, the lead screw is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, the nut is sleeved on the lead screw, and the nut is connected with the connecting frame.

The further optimization scheme of the utility model is as follows: the fixed guide rail is made of non-metal hard materials.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the connecting frame is arranged between the front sliding block and the rear sliding block, the two ends of the connecting frame are respectively connected with the front sliding block and the rear sliding block, the connecting frame is made of non-metal hard materials, the driving mechanism and the position sensing mechanism are arranged on the connecting frame, when hydraulic oil is input into an oil cavity between the front sliding block and the fixed guide rail and between the rear sliding block and the fixed guide rail, the connecting frame has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient and low thermal conductivity coefficient, the influence of temperature in the oil cavity on the connecting frame is less when being transmitted to the connecting frame, the moving precision and flexibility of the movable guide rail caused by temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil are greatly limited, and the movable guide rail can be stopped at a set position through the position sensing mechanism.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of illustrating the background art and explaining the preferred embodiments, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless specifically stated otherwise, the drawings are merely schematic representations based on conceptual representations of elements or structures depicted and may contain exaggerated displays and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a first structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the movable rail and the fixed rail.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stationary guide rail.

Fig. 5 is a first structural schematic diagram of the movable guide rail.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable guide rail.

Fig. 7 is a first sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a movable guide rail; 2. fixing a guide rail; 3. a connecting frame; 4. a rear slider; 5. a front slider; 6. a scale grating; 7. a grating reading head; 8. a chute; 9. a motor; 10. a screw rod; 11. a connecting portion; 12. a nut holder; 13. an oil chamber; 14. and a nut.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the description is illustrative only, and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside" and "outside" are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the utility model is used, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element which is referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation includes a fixed guideway 2 and a movable guideway 1 slidably disposed on the fixed guideway 2, and the movable guideway 1 is driven by a driving mechanism to slide.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7, the movable guide rail 1 includes a front slider 5 and a rear slider 4 slidably disposed on the fixed guide rail 2, oil chambers 13 are disposed between the front slider 5 and the fixed guide rail 2 and between the rear slider 4 and the fixed guide rail 2, and the oil chamber structures disposed between the front slider 5 and the fixed guide rail 2 and between the rear slider 4 and the fixed guide rail 2 are the same as those of the existing oil hydrostatic guide rail in the market.

Specifically, the fixed rail 2 is embedded in the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4, and the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 can slide on the fixed rail 2 along the fixed rail 2.

Preferably, the fixed guide rail 2 is of an i-shaped structure, sliding grooves 8 are formed between the upper side and the lower side of the i-shaped structure, the sliding grooves 8 are located on two sides of the fixed guide rail 2, two sides of the front sliding block 5 and two sides of the rear sliding block 4 are respectively provided with an L-shaped connecting portion 11 matched with the sliding grooves 8, the connecting portions 11 on two sides of the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves 8 on two sides of the fixed guide rail 2, the sliding grooves 8 on two sides of the fixed guide rail 2 extend along the length direction of the fixed guide rail 2, the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 are sleeved on the fixed guide rail 2 and can slide along the length direction of the fixed guide rail 2, and the upper side of the fixed guide rail 2 limits the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 to upwards separate from the fixed guide rail 2.

Preferably, the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 are made of a metal material having toughness and hardness, such as a steel material, so as to ensure that the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 are not broken by the pressure of the hydraulic oil when the hydraulic oil is supplied into the oil chamber 13.

Preferably, decide guide rail 2 and make for non-metallic hard material, this non-metallic hard material has low thermal expansion coefficient and low coefficient of thermal conductivity's performance, for example marble material or granite material or carbon fiber material or glass steel material, because decide guide rail 2 and inlay in anterior slider 5 and rear portion slider 4, decide guide rail 2 about, all be equipped with oil pocket 13 about, decide guide rail 2's both sides hydraulic oil in the oil pocket 13 all provides pressure to deciding guide rail 2's guide surface, the pressure of both sides offsets each other, make decide guide rail 2 can not break because of the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil pocket 13.

And because the fixed guide rail 2 has the performances of low thermal expansion coefficient and low heat conductivity coefficient, the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity 13 on the guide rail surface of the fixed guide rail 2 is extremely small, the fixed guide rail 2 is not easy to generate thermal deformation due to the temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil, and the flexibility and the precision of the movement of the hydrostatic guide rail are ensured.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 8, the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 are arranged at intervals, the connecting frame 3 is arranged between the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4, the two ends of the connecting frame 3 are respectively connected with the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4, the connecting frame 3 is connected with the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 through screws, the connecting frame 3 is of a flat plate structure, the connecting frame 3 is made of a non-metal hard material, preferably, the connecting frame 3 is made of a stone material and comprises a marble material or a granite material, and the connecting frame 3 is made of a carbon fiber material or a glass fiber reinforced material.

The driving mechanism is connected with the connecting frame 3 and can drive the connecting frame 3, the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 to move together, and when the driving mechanism drives the connecting frame 3 to move, the connecting frame 3 can drive the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 to slide on the fixed guide rail 2.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a linear motor, the linear motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the rotor is arranged on the stator and can slide linearly relative to the stator, the stator of the linear motor is connected to the fixed guide rail 2, the rotor of the linear motor is connected to the connecting frame 3, when the rotor slides on the stator, the rotor drives the connecting frame 3 to move synchronously, and the connecting frame 3 drives the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 to slide on the fixed guide rail 2. The linear motor is a linear driving mechanism existing in the market, and a closed linear motor structure with the patent publication number of CN211791209U can be referred.

As shown in fig. 8, regarding the structure of the driving mechanism, we have another structure, the driving mechanism includes a feed screw nut transmission assembly, the feed screw nut transmission assembly includes a motor 9, a feed screw 10 and a nut 14, the motor 9 is fixed on the fixed guide rail 2, the feed screw 10 is connected to a motor shaft of the motor 9, the nut 14 is sleeved on the feed screw 10, a nut frame 12 is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the connecting frame 3, the nut 14 is fixed on the nut frame 12, the motor 9 can be started to drive the feed screw 10 to rotate, so that the nut 14 drives the connecting frame 3 to move linearly, and the connecting frame 3 drives the front slider 5 and the rear slider 4 to slide on the fixed guide rail 2. The motor 9 is a numerical control motor 9 existing on the market.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a position sensing mechanism is disposed between the connecting frame 3 and the movable guide rail 1 for positioning the movable guide rail 1, a controller is further disposed on the hydrostatic guide rail, and the driving mechanism and the position sensing mechanism are both electrically connected to the controller.

Preferably, position sensing mechanism is grating chi position sensor, grating chi position sensor includes scale grating 6 and grating reading head 7, scale grating 6 is fixed on deciding guide rail 2, grating reading head 7 is connected on link 3, the last numerical value of grating reading head 7 response scale grating 6 and transmission signal to controller, controller control actuating mechanism drive moves guide rail 1 and moves on deciding guide rail 2, make grating reading head 7 move the numerical value department of settlement along with link 3, the guide rail 1 is moved in the location. The grating scale position sensor is a sensor existing on the market, such as a grating scale with the brand name SNSNSNSNTDRO and the model number SNS 2V.

Because the connecting frame 3 is made of nonmetal hard materials, the connecting frame 3 has the performance of low heat conductivity coefficient and the performance of low thermal expansion coefficient, when hydraulic oil is input into an oil cavity 13 between the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 and the fixed guide rail 2, the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil on the connecting frame 3 is small, the connecting frame 3 is not easy to generate thermal deformation, the driving mechanism and the position sensing mechanism are both arranged on the connecting frame 3, the sliding of the movable guide rail 1 is not easy to be influenced by the temperature fluctuation of the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity 13, the sliding and the precision of the movable guide rail 1 cannot be influenced even if the front sliding block 5 and the rear sliding block 4 are subjected to thermal deformation, the flexibility and the precision of the sliding of the movable guide rail 1 on the fixed guide rail 2 are ensured, and the movable guide rail 1 can be accurately stopped at a set position and cannot be deviated.

The hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation provided by the present invention has been described in detail, and the principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the examples is only used to help understanding the present invention and the core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The hydrostatic guideway for inhibiting thermal deformation comprises a fixed guideway and a movable guideway which is arranged on the fixed guideway in a sliding way, the movable guideway is driven by a driving mechanism to slide, and is characterized in that the movable guideway comprises a front slide block and a rear slide block which are arranged on the fixed guideway in a sliding way, oil cavities are arranged between the front slide block and the fixed guideway and between the rear slide block and the fixed guideway,

2. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal distortion as set forth in claim 1, wherein the front and rear sliders are made of metal.

3. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal distortion as set forth in claim 1, wherein the connecting frames are made of stone material including marble material or granite material.

4. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation as set forth in claim 1, wherein the connecting frames are made of carbon fiber material or glass steel material.

5. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position sensing mechanism is a grating scale position sensor, the grating scale position sensor includes a scale grating and a grating reading head, the scale grating is fixed on the fixed guideway, and the grating reading head is connected to the connecting frame.

6. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal distortion as set forth in claim 1 wherein the stationary guideway is embedded in the front and rear blocks.

7. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal deformation as set forth in claim 6, wherein the fixed guideway is an I-shaped structure, sliding grooves are formed between upper and lower sides of the I-shaped structure, the sliding grooves are formed at both sides of the fixed guideway, L-shaped connecting portions are formed at both sides of the front slider and the rear slider, the connecting portions at both sides of the front slider and the rear slider are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves at both sides of the fixed guideway, the connecting frame is a flat plate structure, and the connecting frame is connected between the front slider and the rear slider.

8. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal distortion as defined in claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a linear motor, the linear motor comprises a stator and a mover, the mover is provided on the stator and is linearly slidable with respect to the stator, the stator is coupled to the fixed guideway, and the mover is coupled to the coupling frame.

9. The hydrostatic guideway for inhibiting thermal deformation according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a lead screw nut transmission assembly, the lead screw nut transmission assembly comprises a motor, a lead screw and a nut, the motor is fixed on the fixed guideway, the lead screw is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, the nut is sleeved on the lead screw, and the nut is connected with the connecting frame.

10. A hydrostatic guideway for suppressing thermal distortion as set forth in claim 1, wherein said stationary guideway is made of a non-metallic hard material.