CN216793731U - Lithium ion battery pole piece, battery pole piece prefabricated part and lithium ion secondary battery - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery pole piece, battery pole piece prefabricated part and lithium ion secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216793731U
CN216793731U CN202122687332.XU CN202122687332U CN216793731U CN 216793731 U CN216793731 U CN 216793731U CN 202122687332 U CN202122687332 U CN 202122687332U CN 216793731 U CN216793731 U CN 216793731U
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current collector
pole piece
region
battery
thickness
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钟恩强
何梁
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Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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Abstract

The application discloses a lithium ion battery pole piece, pole piece prefabricated member and lithium ion secondary battery containing the pole piece, the pole piece comprises a current collector, the current collector comprises a pole ear position current collector and a dressing area current collector, the thickness of the pole ear position current collector is larger than that of the dressing area current collector, the pole ear position current collector is larger than that of the dressing area current collector by increasing the thickness of the pole piece pole ear position current collector, so that the over-current capacity of the pole ear position is increased, when the battery works, the temperature of the pole ear position is low, the current distribution in the charging and discharging process of the battery is more uniform, especially, the heat generation is reduced when the battery is in the large current charging and discharging process or under the abuse condition, the large amount of heat accumulation at the joint of the pole ear and the dressing area is avoided, the temperature difference of the battery is too large, the performance of the battery is influenced, meanwhile, the safety problems of the melting of a diaphragm at the corresponding position and the thermal runaway of an electric core are avoided, the battery can work stably for a long time.

Description

Lithium ion battery pole piece, battery pole piece prefabricated part and lithium ion secondary battery
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a novel battery pole piece, a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the lithium ion battery.
Background
At present, the lithium ion battery widely applied to the market comprises a winding type and a lamination type, and the battery structure is composed of two parts: one part is a dressing area for coating positive and negative active substances; the other part is a tab, and the positive and negative electrodes in the battery cell are led out to be used as contact points for charging and discharging the positive and negative electrodes. The pole ear comprises a pole ear metal belt, one end of the pole ear metal belt is connected with the pole piece in the battery shell, and the other end of the pole ear metal belt extends out of the battery shell. The tab is generally manufactured by the following method: a slender uncoated area with a certain length and width is reserved or scraped on the positive and negative pole pieces for leading out current, such as the pole piece with the slender pole lug disclosed in the chinese patent CN 03274115.
In current lithium ion battery's the design, the width of utmost point ear is less than the width in dressing district usually, because the space that utmost point ear width is too big to occupy in the battery is too wide, thereby influence other electronic component's overall arrangement problem, and utmost point ear district mass flow body thickness and dressing district mass flow body thickness are unanimous, just so lead to the conductivity of electrode low, current distribution in battery charge-discharge process is not enough even, especially the battery is under heavy current charge-discharge in-process or abuse condition, the other positions that generate heat far away than the pole piece of utmost point ear position, the heat can be in utmost point ear and dressing district handing-over a large amount of accumulations of department, and this heat also can not in time effectually obtain the diffusion, lead to the battery difference in temperature too big, influence battery performance, utmost point ear position generates heat when too big, still can lead to the relevant position diaphragm to melt, cause safety problems such as electric core thermal runaway.
The contents of the utility model
In order to solve the problem, the application provides a can increase utmost point ear position overcurrent capacity, reduces calorifacient pole piece and lithium ion battery.
The specific technical scheme of the application is as follows:
item 1. a lithium ion battery electrode sheet, characterized in that,
the battery pole piece comprises a current collector which is sheet-shaped,
the current collector includes a first region and a second region,
and the current collector first area is provided with active material coating layers on two sides of the current collector, and the thickness of the current collector second area is greater than that of the current collector first area.
Item 2. the lithium ion battery pole piece of item 1, wherein the current collector first region has a thickness of 3 μ ι η to 40 μ ι η and the current collector second region has a thickness of 5 μ ι η to 70 μ ι η; preferably, the thickness of the first area of the current collector is 16-30 μm, and the thickness of the second area of the current collector is 50-60 μm.
Item 3. the lithium ion battery pole piece according to item 1 or 2, wherein the sum of the thickness of the first region of the current collector and the thickness of the active material coating layers on both sides of the current collector is 50 μm to 300 μm, preferably 70 μm to 180 μm.
The lithium ion battery pole piece of any of claims 1-3, wherein the current collector second region and the current collector first region are stepped on both sides of the sheet-like current collector.
The lithium ion battery pole piece of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a transition region between the first region and the second region of the current collector, wherein the thickness of the transition region is greater than the thickness of the current collector in the first region and less than the thickness of the current collector in the second region.
The lithium ion battery electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery electrode sheet is selected from at least one of a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
Item 7. a battery pole piece preform, comprising the lithium ion battery pole piece of any of items 1-6, further comprising a current collector third region, wherein the thickness of the current collector third region is greater than the thickness of the current collector first region, and wherein the current collector second region and the current collector third region are not directly connected.
Item 8. the battery pole piece preform of item 7, wherein the battery pole piece preform further comprises a current collector fourth region, wherein the thickness of the current collector fourth region is greater than the thickness of the current collector first region, and the current collector second region, the current collector third region, and the current collector fourth region are not directly connected to each other.
An item 9. a lithium ion secondary battery, characterized in that the lithium ion secondary battery comprises the lithium ion battery pole piece according to any one of items 1 to 6.
Item 10. a method of making a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising using the lithium ion battery pole piece of any of items 1-6.
In the technical scheme of this application, the mass flow body can be metal conductor materials such as copper, aluminium, nickel and stainless steel, also can be carbon materials such as carbon nanotube, graphite alkene, also can be compound mass flow body such as conducting resin, carbon-coated aluminium foil, titanium nickel shape memory alloy.
The first area of the current collector is the current collector in the dressing area, and the second area of the current collector is the current collector in the tab position, as shown in fig. 1.
In the first region of the current collector, the current collector is provided with active material coating layers on both sides, i.e., a battery dressing, which can be various dressings commonly used for batteries.
The shape of the battery pole piece according to the present application is not limited at all, and in a specific embodiment, the pole piece is a sheet.
The thickness of the first region of the current collector is 3-40 μm, and the thickness can further range from 4-40 μm, 6-40 μm, 8-38 μm, 10-38 μm, 11-36 μm, 13-38 μm, 14-35 μm, 15-32 μm, 16-31 μm, and 16-30 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the first area of the current collector is 16-30 μm.
The thickness of the second region of the current collector is 5 μm-70 μm, and the thickness can further range from 10 μm-69 μm, 12 μm-68 μm, 15 μm-66 μm, 18 μm-65 μm, 20 μm-64 μm, 22 μm-63 μm, 25 μm-63 μm, 30 μm-62 μm, 35 μm-62 μm, 40 μm-61 μm, 50 μm-60 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the second area of the current collector is 50 μm to 60 μm.
The sum of the thickness of the first area of the current collector and the thickness of the active material coating layers on the two sides of the current collector is 50-300 μm, and the thickness ranges from 60-280 μm, 70-250 μm, 80-220 μm, 90-200 μm, 90-190 μm and 90-180 μm.
Preferably, the sum of the thickness of the first area of the current collector and the thickness of the active material coating layers on the two sides of the current collector is 90-180 μm.
The pole piece provided by the application can be a positive pole piece or a negative pole piece, and the technical scheme provided by the application is not limited according to the difference of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece.
The active material coated on the positive and negative electrode plates is different and is well known to those skilled in the art, the electrode plates provided by the present application have no limitation on the coated active material, and in a specific embodiment, the active material coated on the positive electrode plate is a nickel-cobalt lithium manganate layer, and the active material coated on the negative electrode plate is a graphite layer.
The battery pole piece that this application provided can be lamination pole piece also can be coiling pole piece.
The battery pole piece that this application provided on one or two sides of the flaky mass flow body, the mass flow body second region with the mass flow body first region forms the step form.
In certain embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2a, the plane of A, B and the plane of C, D are stepped.
In some embodiments of the present application, the current collector is shown in fig. 2b, when the current collector is shown in fig. 2b, a 'and D' are on the same plane, in this embodiment, on one side of the sheet-shaped current collector, the second region of the current collector and the first region of the current collector are stepped, and the other side of the sheet-shaped current collector is a plane, so that the processing of the pole piece is simpler and more convenient, and the processing efficiency is high.
The current collector provided by the application can further comprise a transition area, the transition area is arranged between the first area and the second area of the current collector, in the embodiment, the processing process of the processing technology of the pole piece is simpler, and the overcurrent capacity of the pole lug position of the pole piece cannot be reduced.
In some embodiments, the transition zone is in longitudinal section and the profile may be in the form of a straight line, as shown in fig. 3a, wherein the profile between E and F is a straight line; in some embodiments, the transition zone may be stepped in longitudinal cross-section, as shown in fig. 3b, wherein the profile between E 'and F' is stepped; in some embodiments, the transition zone may, in longitudinal section, present a profile that is rounded, as shown in fig. 3c, wherein the profile between E "and F" is rounded, wherein the left side view is a concave rounded shape and the right side view is a convex rounded shape.
The application also provides a pole piece prefabricated part, the prefabricated part includes this application any lithium ion battery pole piece.
In some embodiments, the current collector portion of the pole piece preform is as shown in fig. 4a, and further includes a third current collector region, where the third current collector region has a thickness greater than that of the first current collector region, the third current collector region may be located at any position of the first current collector region, and the third current collector region may have a thickness the same as or different from that of the second current collector region. In particular, the second and third regions of the current collector are located at both ends of the first region, respectively.
In some embodiments, the pole piece preform further includes a fourth current collector region, the thickness of the fourth current collector region is greater than that of the first current collector region, the fourth current collector region may be located at any position of the first current collector region, and the thickness of the fourth current collector region may be the same as or different from that of the second current collector region and that of the third current collector region.
In certain specific embodiments, the current collector preform is as shown in fig. 4 b.
In certain specific embodiments, the current collector preform may further comprise a fifth current collector region, a sixth current collector region, a seventh current collector region, an eighth current collector region, and/or the like. The position of the current collector can be any position of the first area of the current collector, and the thickness of the current collector is not limited.
Beneficial effects of the utility model
(1) This application is through increasing pole piece utmost point ear position mass flow body thickness of body, make utmost point ear position mass flow body be greater than the mass flow body thickness in dressing district, thereby increase utmost point ear position overcurrent capacity, the battery during operation, utmost point ear position temperature rise is low, current distribution in battery charge-discharge in-process is more even, especially the battery is under heavy current charge-discharge in-process or abuse condition, reduce the heat production, avoid the heat to cross a large amount of gathers in department with dressing district at utmost point ear, lead to the battery difference in temperature too big, influence battery performance, avoid utmost point ear position to generate heat too greatly simultaneously and lead to the relevant position diaphragm to melt, cause electric core thermal runaway scheduling safety problem, do benefit to the battery and work steadily for a long time.
(2) Poor problem of overcurrent capacity is solved through the thickness of adjustment utmost point ear to this application, and the width of utmost point ear is unlikely to the too wide distribution that leads to and then influence other components and parts, simple structure, and the preparation is convenient, is applicable to the large batch production of industrialization.
(3) This application is through the adjustment the pole piece utmost point ear position mass flow body thickening's position forms the pole piece mass flow body of different shapes, can select according to actual demand, simpler mode also can be selected to the course of working of pole piece, and machining efficiency is high.
(4) This application is through setting up the transition district between the body is gathered to utmost point ear position mass flow body and dressing district mass flow body, the transition district has different shapes, not only can conveniently select according to actual need, and has the processing mode of the pole piece mass flow body in transition district and simplify more, convenient.
(5) The application provides a mass flow body prefab, it has the utmost point ear position of a plurality of thickenings current collector region in different positions, through the utmost point ear position current collector that sets up different positions different thickness, can realize the this application of the multiple many quantity of coproduction the mass flow body, machining efficiency is high, output promotes obviously.
Drawings
FIG. 1A schematic diagram of a pole piece of the present application
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of two side stepped pole pieces
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of a pole piece including a step shape on one side
FIG. 3a includes a schematic view of a pole piece in the linear transition region
FIG. 3b includes a schematic view of a pole piece with a stepped transition region
FIG. 3c is a schematic view of a pole piece including a circular arc transition region
Fig. 4a includes a schematic view of a current collector preform in a third region of the current collector
Fig. 4b includes a schematic view of a current collector preform for a third area and a fourth area of the current collector
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process for manufacturing a battery
Description of the symbols
1 first region of current collector
2 current collector second region
3 third region of current collector
4 fourth area of current collector
5 dressing
6 Battery case
7 pole
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below. While specific embodiments of the present application have been illustrated, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. The description and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in noun but not in function.
The parameters of the pole pieces prepared in the examples and comparative examples described below are shown in the table below
TABLE 1 parameters of the example and comparative pole pieces
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003612366710000071
Example 1
A battery pole piece comprises a current collector first area 1 and a current collector second area 2, as shown in figure 1, the thickness of the current collector first area is 8 μm, the thickness of the current collector second area is 10 μm, an active substance dressing 3 is coated on the first area 1, the active substance dressing coated on a positive plate is a nickel cobalt lithium manganate material, the active substance dressing coated on a negative plate is a graphite material, the sum of the thickness of the current collector first area and the thickness of the active substance coating layers on two sides of the current collector is 70 μm after rolling, after a battery positive plate and a battery negative plate are prepared by die cutting, the positive plate, the negative plate and an isolation film are overlapped in a staggered way to prepare a pole core, positive and negative poles 5 are welded on the pole core, the prepared pole core is placed in a battery shell 4, then the battery shell is heat sealed, part of the positive and negative poles are exposed outside the shell, a liquid injection port is reserved during heat sealing, the electrolyte solution was then poured into the container, and the pouring port was heat-sealed to prepare a lithium ion secondary battery, as shown in FIG. 5. Those not described in this embodiment are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described further.
Example 2
A pole piece was fabricated by the method of example 1, except that the current collector first region was 8 μm thick and the current collector second region was 12 μm thick, as in example 1.
Example 3
A pole piece was made by the method of example 1, except that the current collector first area was 25 μm thick and the current collector second area was 50 μm thick, as in example 1.
Example 4
A pole piece was made by the method of example 1, except that the current collector first area was 25 μm thick and the current collector second area was 53 μm thick, as in example 1.
Example 5
A pole piece was made by the method of example 1, except that the current collector first area was 25 μm thick and the current collector second area was 56 μm thick, as in example 1.
Example 6
A pole piece was made by the method of example 1, except that the current collector first area was 25 μm thick and the current collector second area was 60 μm thick, as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The pole piece obtained by the method of example 1 differs from example 1 in that the current collector first area has a thickness of 12 μm and the current collector second area has a thickness of 12 μm.
Comparative example 2
The pole piece obtained by the method of example 1 differs from example 1 in that the current collector first area has a thickness of 12 μm and the current collector second area has a thickness of 8 μm.
Comparative example 3
The pole piece obtained by the method of example 1 differs from example 1 in that the current collector first area has a thickness of 11 μm and the current collector second area has a thickness of 8 μm.
Battery performance testing
1. High current discharge performance test
Under the condition of room temperature, the batteries prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are respectively charged to 4.2V by 1CmA current, the batteries are charged by constant voltage after the voltage is increased to 4.2V, the cut-off current is 0.05CmA, after the batteries are left for 5 minutes, the batteries are discharged to 3.0V by 0.2CmA current, and the batteries are left for 5 minutes to obtain the capacity of the batteries which are discharged to 3.0V by 0.2CmA current at the normal temperature; then repeating the charging step, and discharging the battery at the current of 3CmA and 5CmA respectively to obtain the capacity of discharging the battery at the current of 3CmA and 5CmA to 3.0V at normal temperature; the discharge capacity ratios of the batteries at different currents are calculated, and the results are shown in the data in table 1, and as can be seen from table 1, the discharge capacity ratios of examples 1 to 6 provided by the application are the highest when the batteries are discharged at currents of 3CmA and 5CmA respectively, while the discharge ratios of comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 in the case are lower than those of the examples, which shows that the technical scheme provided by the application effectively improves the over-current capability of the pole ear position in the charging and discharging processes, and the current distribution in the charging and discharging processes of the batteries is more uniform.
TABLE 1 Battery discharge Capacity Rate testing
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003612366710000091
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003612366710000101
2. Short circuit test
The batteries fabricated in examples and comparative examples were charged to 4.2V at a current of 1CmA, charged at a constant voltage after the voltage was increased to 4.2V, and held at an off-current of 0.05CmA for 5 minutes, respectively, at room temperature; short circuit test is carried out by the following test method: and (3) placing a red copper block with the length of 250mm, the width of 50mm and the height of 12mm on the positive and negative poles of the battery to enable the battery to form short circuit, if the battery has no special abnormity such as explosion, fire and the like and the surface temperature of the battery core is less than or equal to 150 ℃, the battery passes the test, otherwise, the battery does not pass the short circuit test. The results are shown in table 2, and it can be seen from the test results that examples 1 to 6 in the technical scheme provided by the present application have no obvious change in the test, while comparative example 1 has an ignition phenomenon, while comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 both have an explosion phenomenon, because in the heavy current charging and discharging process or under the abuse condition, heat is greatly accumulated at the junction of the tab position and the dressing area, the surface temperature of the battery is sharply increased, and finally the ignition and explosion are caused, and the thickness of the tab position current collector of the battery pole piece provided by the present application is increased, so that the thickness of the tab position current collector is larger than that of the dressing area, so as to increase the over-current capacity of the tab position, and the heat generation is reduced, the temperature rise of the tab position is low, so as to avoid the heat being greatly accumulated at the junction of the tab and the dressing area, so as to improve the heavy current discharging performance and the safety performance of the battery, in particular, the maximum temperature of the surface of the battery of the pole piece provided by the application in the examples 3-6 is below 100 ℃.
TABLE 2 Battery short circuit test
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003612366710000102
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003612366710000111
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present application, other than the limiting examples of the present application, and variations of the present application may be made by those skilled in the art using the foregoing teachings. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A lithium ion battery pole piece is characterized in that,
the battery pole piece comprises a current collector which is sheet-shaped,
the current collector includes a first region and a second region,
and the current collector first area is provided with active material coating layers on two sides of the current collector, and the thickness of the current collector second area is greater than that of the current collector first area.
2. The lithium ion battery pole piece of claim 1, wherein the current collector first region thickness is 3 μ ι η to 40 μ ι η and the current collector second region thickness is 5 μ ι η to 70 μ ι η.
3. The lithium ion battery pole piece of claim 2, wherein the current collector first region thickness is 16 μ ι η to 30 μ ι η and the current collector second region thickness is 50 μ ι η to 60 μ ι η.
4. The lithium ion battery pole piece of claim 1, wherein the sum of the thickness of the first region of the current collector and the thickness of the active material coating layers on both sides of the current collector is 50 μm to 300 μm.
5. The lithium ion battery pole piece of claim 4, wherein the sum of the thickness of the first region of the current collector and the thickness of the active material coating layers on both sides of the current collector is 70 μm to 180 μm.
6. The lithium ion battery pole piece of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the current collector second region and the current collector first region are stepped on both sides of the sheet-like current collector.
7. The lithium ion battery pole piece of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a transition zone between the first region and the second region of the current collector, wherein the transition zone has a thickness greater than the first region current collector thickness and less than the second region current collector thickness.
8. The lithium ion battery pole piece of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery pole piece is selected from at least one of a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece.
9. A battery pole piece preform, comprising the lithium ion battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a current collector third region having a thickness greater than the thickness of the current collector first region, wherein the current collector second region and the current collector third region are not directly connected.
10. The battery pole piece preform of claim 9, further comprising a current collector fourth region, wherein the thickness of the current collector fourth region is greater than the thickness of the current collector first region, and wherein the current collector second region, the current collector third region, and the current collector fourth region are not directly connected to each other.
11. A lithium ion secondary battery, characterized in that it comprises a lithium ion battery pole piece according to any of claims 1-8.
CN202122687332.XU 2021-11-04 2021-11-04 Lithium ion battery pole piece, battery pole piece prefabricated part and lithium ion secondary battery Active CN216793731U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115870560A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-31 重庆太蓝新能源有限公司 Cutting mechanism and packaging method
CN116544346A (en) * 2023-07-04 2023-08-04 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 Positive pole piece, energy storage device and electric equipment

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115870560A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-31 重庆太蓝新能源有限公司 Cutting mechanism and packaging method
CN115870560B (en) * 2022-12-30 2024-01-26 重庆太蓝新能源有限公司 Cutting mechanism and packaging method
CN116544346A (en) * 2023-07-04 2023-08-04 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 Positive pole piece, energy storage device and electric equipment
CN116544346B (en) * 2023-07-04 2024-01-23 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 Positive pole piece, energy storage device and electric equipment

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