CN216791939U - Soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation - Google Patents
Soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN216791939U CN216791939U CN202123043041.3U CN202123043041U CN216791939U CN 216791939 U CN216791939 U CN 216791939U CN 202123043041 U CN202123043041 U CN 202123043041U CN 216791939 U CN216791939 U CN 216791939U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a drip irrigation-based dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture migration, which comprises: the device comprises an experiment box body and flow monitoring equipment; the experimental box body is an annular sector which is longitudinally cut by 90 degrees along the axis of the cylinder and is made of transparent organic glass material; the experimental box body is filled with soil with set volume weight in a layered mode, and soil moisture sensors are arranged in the soil at preset intervals; the flow monitoring equipment comprises a pressure water pipe and a flowmeter, the pressure water pipe is connected with an external water source, and the flow of drip irrigation is controlled by the flowmeter. The utility model can objectively and continuously monitor the migration condition of the soil moisture in the box body for a long time, provides a certain reference for selecting the most suitable drip irrigation parameters, and can be widely applied to the fields of agricultural science, ecology and other related scientific researches.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil moisture monitoring, and particularly relates to a drip irrigation-based dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture migration.
Background
The drip irrigation technology is one of the irrigation modes with the highest water-saving efficiency at the present stage, is widely applied at home and abroad, and has the water utilization efficiency far higher than that of spray irrigation and ground irrigation. The soil wetting body is a wetting area of water in a soil medium, the position, the size and the shape of the soil wetting body are very important for the growth of crops, the core of the movement and the distribution of the water in the soil is provided, the distribution forms of the soil wetting body are different under different irrigation modes, and the research on a wetting body model is a premise and a basis for determining the movement rule and the distribution characteristic of the water under the drip irrigation condition, reasonably designing a drip irrigation system and efficiently managing the water of the crops in the field.
At present, methods such as an excavation method, a numerical model method, software estimation and the like are mostly adopted for researching a soil wetting model, the excavation method is easy to disturb a soil layer, the integrity of a soil wetting body is damaged, in-situ detection cannot be guaranteed, the resolution ratio of dry and wet soil on a wetting body interface in vision is low, and the defects that the original state of the wetting body is damaged and the continuous measurement in space is difficult exist; the numerical model calculation is only suitable for ideal conditions, cannot restore the real condition of the soil and is not suitable for the real condition with complicated and variable conditions; software analysis needs a plurality of actually measured databases as analysis bases, and the requirement on data is high. Therefore, aiming at the defects in the existing research method, a dynamic monitoring device capable of rapidly, nondestructively, in situ and efficiently monitoring the soil moisture migration is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In summary, the present invention provides a dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture change, migration rate and wet structure under drip irrigation, which can record and monitor the change of moisture in soil according to the real-time dynamic state of soil moisture infiltration during drip irrigation, so as to achieve real-time acquisition of soil moisture content and dynamic simulation of soil moisture.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technology:
the utility model provides a soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an experiment box body and flow monitoring equipment; the experimental box body is an annular sector which is 90 degrees after being longitudinally cut along the axis of the cylinder and is made of transparent organic glass material, so that the visual marking of a wetting mode (SWP) in the soil moisture change process can be realized; the experimental box body is filled with soil with set volume weight in a layered mode, and soil moisture sensors are arranged in the soil at preset intervals; the flow monitoring device comprises a pressure water delivery pipe and a flowmeter.
Preferably, the height of the experimental box body is 100 cm, the radius of the experimental box body is 50 cm, and holes are uniformly distributed on a longitudinal section of one surface at intervals of 10 cm horizontally and vertically, wherein the first row of holes are distributed at a position 5 cm away from the upper surface of the box body, and the first row of holes are distributed at a position 5 cm away from the leftmost edge of the box body; the soil moisture sensors are arranged in the holes, and the depth of the soil moisture sensors transversely embedded into the soil in the holes is 5 cm; in order to avoid water loss caused by the holes, the outside of each hole is detachably sealed.
Preferably, the pressure water pipe is a polyethylene pipe with the diameter of 20 mm, the pipe is connected with an external water source, the flow rate of drip irrigation is controlled through a flowmeter, a spherical drip emitter with the diameter of 20 mm is arranged at the tail end of the pipe, and the spherical drip emitter is placed at the position of a circle center of the experiment box body according to the specific treatment depth of underground drip irrigation.
Preferably, the surface of the inner wall of the experimental box body is coated with silicone sealant, and then the surface of the silicone sealant is covered with a layer of soil to form a rough surface so as to prevent soil moisture from preferentially flowing along the side wall. Preferably, the thickness of the soil layer covered on the glue surface is 0.3 cm.
Preferably, the dynamic soil moisture monitoring device under the drip irrigation mode further comprises a suspension type loading unit which is suspended above the experiment box body through a large support and used for measuring the weight change of the box body in the soil moisture change process so as to determine the evapotranspiration in the box body.
The device can objectively, long-term and continuously dynamically monitor the migration condition of the soil moisture in the box body through the design of the transparent sector section structure, provides a certain reference for the selection of drip irrigation parameters, can construct a reasonable moisture wetting structure by selecting proper parameters, scientifically distributes irrigation water carrying nutrients in the main root zone of crops, reduces the loss of moisture and nutrients, enables the crops to more fully utilize water and fertilizer, and achieves the purposes of saving water and increasing yield.
By means of the suspended loading unit, the evapotranspiration of the crop during a particular growth stage can be determined during the course of the study.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental box of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of soil wetting radius change as a function of irrigation time at different drip irrigation depths.
FIG. 3 is the water content by volume of the soil in the germination period of winter wheat after submerged irrigation by different drippers.
FIG. 4 shows the evapotranspiration during germination of winter wheat after submerged irrigation with different drippers.
Reference numerals: 1-an experiment box body; 2-soil moisture sensor.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in detail below with reference to examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the experimental box body is an annular sector which is cut at 90 degrees along the axial center of the cylinder in a longitudinal way and is made of transparent organic glass material, so that the shape of a soil wetting mode (SWP) is marked on the organic glass wall at the appointed time of soil moisture change; soil with set volume weight is filled in the experimental box body in a layered mode, and soil moisture sensors are arranged in the soil at preset intervals; preferably, the height of the experimental box body is 100 cm, the radius of the experimental box body is 50 cm, and holes are uniformly distributed on a longitudinal section of one surface at intervals of 10 cm horizontally and vertically, wherein the first row of holes are distributed at a position 5 cm away from the upper surface of the box body, and the first row of holes are distributed at a position 5 cm away from the leftmost edge of the box body; the soil moisture sensors are arranged in the holes, and the depth of the soil moisture sensors transversely embedded into the holes is 5 cm; in order to avoid water loss caused by the holes, the outside of each hole is detachably sealed.
In the embodiment, the soil is taken from a large ton of soil within 80 cm from the ground surface in the field, and the soil is filled in an experimental box body and compacted to a preset volume weight of 1.5 g/cm3。
Generally, in order to prevent soil moisture from preferentially flowing along the side wall, the inner wall surface of the experimental box body is coated with a silicone sealant, and then the adhesive surface is covered with a layer of 0.3 cm soil to form a rough surface.
The soil moisture dynamic monitoring device under the drip irrigation mode further comprises flow monitoring equipment, wherein the flow monitoring equipment comprises a pressure water delivery pipe and a flow meter, the pressure water delivery pipe is a polyethylene pipeline with the diameter of 20 mm, a water dropper with the diameter of 20 mm is arranged at the tail end of the polyethylene pipeline, and the water dropper is placed at the position of the circle center of the experiment box body according to the specific treatment depth of underground drip irrigation.
After the shape marking parameters of a soil wetting mode (SWP) marked on the organic glass wall and the Volume Water Content (VWC) change data are obtained, a Hydru-2D model can be selected to simulate and analyze the soil moisture movement process in the box body.
In the embodiment, the soil moisture dynamic simulation during the ground surface drip irrigation and the underground drip irrigation (15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm) at different depths in the germination period of the winter wheat is carried out, so that the structure of a soil wetting mode (SWP) changing along with time is obtained and is shown in fig. 2; the volumetric water content of the soil after drip irrigation is shown in fig. 3.
The soil moisture dynamic monitoring device under the drip irrigation mode further comprises a suspension type loading unit which is suspended above the experimental box body through a large support and used for measuring the weight change of the box body in the soil moisture change process so as to determine the evapotranspiration amount in a specific time period. FIG. 4 shows the evapotranspiration loss of plants and soil before and after drip irrigation, with emitter burial depth ET in parentheses on the abscissa0Is a reference evapotranspiration in the same time period.
The above description is provided for some examples of the present invention to help the skilled person to fully understand the technical solution of the present invention, but these examples are only illustrative and the local implementation of the present invention is not considered to be limited to the description of these examples.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an experiment box body (1) and flow monitoring equipment; the experimental box body (1) is an annular sector which is longitudinally cut along the axis of the cylinder by 90 degrees and is made of transparent organic glass material; the experiment box body (1) is filled with soil with required volume weight in a layered mode, and soil moisture sensors (2) are arranged in the soil at preset intervals; the flow monitoring device comprises a pressure water pipe and a flowmeter, and the pressure water pipe is connected with an external water source.
2. The drip irrigation based soil moisture transport dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the experimental box (1) has a height of 100 cm and a radius of 50 cm, and holes are uniformly distributed on a longitudinal section at a distance of 10 cm both horizontally and vertically, wherein the first row of holes is arranged at a distance of 5 cm from the upper surface of the box, and the first column of holes is arranged at a distance of 5 cm from the leftmost edge of the box; the soil moisture sensors (2) are arranged in the holes according to the observation depth requirement, and the depth of the soil moisture sensors (2) transversely embedded into the soil in the holes is 5 cm; the outside of each hole is detachably sealed.
3. The dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture transport based on drip irrigation according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure water pipe is a polyethylene pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, the tail end of the pipe is provided with a ball dropper with a diameter of 20 mm, and the ball dropper is placed at the center of the circle of the experimental box body (1) with a sector structure according to a specific treatment depth.
4. The drip irrigation based soil moisture transport dynamic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the inner wall surface of the experiment box body (1) is coated with silicone sealant, and then a layer of soil is covered on the surface of the silicone sealant.
5. The drip irrigation based dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture transport according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the soil covered on the glue surface is 0.3 cm.
6. The drip irrigation based dynamic monitoring device for soil moisture transport according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a hanging loading unit suspended above the experimental box (1) by a large bracket.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123043041.3U CN216791939U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123043041.3U CN216791939U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation |
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| CN216791939U true CN216791939U (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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| CN202123043041.3U Active CN216791939U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Soil moisture migration dynamic monitoring device based on drip irrigation |
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2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202123043041.3U patent/CN216791939U/en active Active
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