CN216771608U - Focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and contact type A-type ultrasonic focusing probe - Google Patents
Focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and contact type A-type ultrasonic focusing probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN216771608U CN216771608U CN202122921906.5U CN202122921906U CN216771608U CN 216771608 U CN216771608 U CN 216771608U CN 202122921906 U CN202122921906 U CN 202122921906U CN 216771608 U CN216771608 U CN 216771608U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a focusing piezoelectric ceramic sound emission source and a contact type A-shaped ultrasonic focusing probe, wherein the focusing piezoelectric ceramic sound emission source comprises two electrode plates and a sound emission source arranged between the two electrode plates, the sound emission source comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic blocks and a plurality of sound barrier blocks which are arranged in parallel, alternately stacked and tightly jointed, the volume fraction of the piezoelectric ceramic blocks is gradually increased from the center to the two side edges, the piezoelectric ceramic blocks are arranged in axial symmetry, the sound barrier blocks are used for enabling the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic blocks not to influence each other, and the volume fraction of each piezoelectric ceramic block is configured to enable each piezoelectric ceramic block to have different phase angles after being excited. The utility model can form an energy focusing area in the central area by making the sound emission source emit ultrasonic waves unevenly, utilizing the phase interference principle and strengthening or weakening the superposition of the waves, has low cost, wide application range, easy popularization and application, can play a better flaw detection effect, and greatly expands the application field and the use occasion of the focusing probe.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of ultrasonic probes, in particular to a focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and a contact type A-shaped ultrasonic focusing probe.
Background
Ultrasonic inspection is a means widely used in the field of nondestructive inspection at present, a-type ultrasonic inspection is most commonly used, the a-type ultrasonic inspection is to utilize ultrasonic waves to propagate in a material to be inspected and encounter defects (heterogeneous interfaces with different acoustic impedances) to generate reflection, reflected signals are received by an ultrasonic instrument, and a transducer (probe) for transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic waves needs a probe with small sound beam diameter and high unit energy density in the inspection process, namely a focusing probe.
At present, a liquid immersion focusing probe (lens focusing) used for liquid immersion flaw detection is designed and manufactured relatively mature, but the use occasions are extremely limited. The other direct contact type focusing probe is a subject of intense research and study in the ultrasonic flaw detection field, but no practical and effective contact type focusing probe product exists at present. In the prior art, there are four main schemes for the study of an oblique focusing probe, all of which use the optical principle and adopt a geometric focusing method: the focusing of the curved lens, the focusing of the curved piezoelectric ceramic chip, the focusing of the curved reflector and the focusing of the Fresnel lens are realized. The above focusing schemes all have a common defect, and the difference between the propagation characteristic of light and the propagation characteristic of ultrasonic waves is ignored, so that the designed ultrasonic oblique focusing probe has poor focusing effect or no focusing. When the ultrasonic waves are refracted and propagated in the second medium by coupling, the converged ultrasonic waves are incident at different incident angles, and the refracted waves in the second medium are diverged as known from the law of refraction. In addition, the ultrasonic beam of the obliquely focused probe is designed to be convergent in a first medium when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the refraction direction, and divergent in a second medium when the ultrasonic wave is incident at different dihedral angles and the refraction of the beam is added. According to the problems, many people design the curved surface acoustic lens, the curved surface piezoelectric ceramic piece and the curved surface reflector into the special curved surface, but the problems of focusing effect and sound wave divergence of ultrasonic waves in the second medium cannot be fundamentally solved due to complex processing, so that a truly successful example and achievement application are not provided, and the applicable field and the applicable occasion are extremely limited.
In addition, in the prior art, focusing can be achieved by using a phased array flaw detector and a phased array probe, but the price of the phased array flaw detector is 20 times to 40 times that of an A-type flaw detector, the price of the phased array probe is 100 times to 1000 times that of an A-type ultrasonic probe, and the cost is quite high. Therefore, it is desirable to design an a-type ultrasonic focusing probe with low cost and capable of realizing focusing effect.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model mainly aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and a contact type A-type ultrasonic focusing probe, which can realize focusing effect, have low cost and wide application range, are easy to popularize and apply, can play a better flaw detection effect and greatly expand the application field and use occasions of the focusing probe.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
focusing piezoceramics acoustic emission source, including relative two electrode slices that set up and set up the acoustic emission source between two electrode slices, the acoustic emission source is including a plurality of piezoceramics pieces and a plurality of sound blocking piece of mutual parallel arrangement, a plurality of piezoceramics pieces and a plurality of sound blocking piece alternate stack range and closely joint, from the center to both sides edge, piezoceramics piece volume fraction crescent, and be the axial symmetry setting, two electrode slices are on a parallel with piezoceramics piece and sound blocking piece range direction setting, and be connected with a plurality of piezoceramics pieces electricity respectively, the acoustic emission source forms the plane with electrode slice looks composition face, the sound blocking piece is used for making the vibration of each piezoceramics piece each other not influence, the volume fraction configuration of each piezoceramics piece is: after being excited, the piezoelectric ceramic blocks respectively have different phase angles, radiate ultrasonic waves into the medium and interfere with each other, and an energy focusing area can be formed in a central area through wave superposition enhancement or attenuation.
Further, the acoustic emission is from the center to the two side edges, and the volume fraction of the acoustic barrier blocks is gradually increased.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic block adopts a longitudinal wave piezoelectric ceramic block, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic block is parallel to the direction of an electric field between the two electrode plates.
Furthermore, the sound insulation block is made of a high polymer damping material.
Further, the electrode slice covers the sound emission source and is arranged on the plane where the sound emission source is jointed.
The contact type A-shaped ultrasonic focusing probe comprises the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source, a shell, a damping block, an acoustic matching layer, an electric matcher and a connecting interface; the damping block is arranged on the back surface of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and used for eliminating back reflection of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source; the connection interface is used for being connected with the ultrasonic instrument through a cable and is respectively and electrically connected with two electrode plates of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source through an electric matcher; the acoustic matching layer is tightly jointed with the front side surface of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and is used for improving the energy transmission efficiency of acoustic waves among different media.
Furthermore, the contact type A ultrasonic focusing probe also comprises a waveform converter which is tightly jointed with the front side surface of the acoustic matching layer and is used for converting the longitudinal wave into the refracted transverse wave.
Further, the waveform converter adopts one of organic glass, polyimide and polystyrene.
Furthermore, the contact type A ultrasonic focusing probe also comprises sound absorption filling materials which are filled in the gap inside the shell and used for eliminating the surrounding useless ultrasonic waves.
Further, the contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe further comprises a protective film closely attached to the front side surface of the acoustic matching layer.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the utility model provides a practical and effective ultrasonic focusing probe for A-type ultrasonic flaw detection, which is characterized in that piezoelectric ceramic sound emission sources are arranged into a non-uniform structure, so that each piezoelectric ceramic block has different phases, frequencies, acoustic impedances and electrical impedances, and the admittance also has difference, therefore, an alternating electric field is applied to an electrode plate, after the sound emission sources are excited, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic blocks generate telescopic vibration and the vibration transmission directions are consistent, the center to the edge of the sound emission sources emit ultrasonic waves which are not uniform and have a certain phase difference, adjacent mass points vibrate and generate interference by utilizing the phase interference principle, waves with the same or similar frequency and phase are superposed and enhanced, the waves with opposite phases or similar to the opposite phases can be counteracted or weakened, finally, a focusing area is formed in the energy concentration of the center area of an ultrasonic sound beam, the focusing area has higher energy, and can effectively improve the gain, the focusing probe manufactured by the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source has a shorter near field region.
Secondly, the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source can be used for manufacturing a direct contact type focusing straight probe, a focusing inclined probe, a liquid immersion focusing probe, a double-wafer focusing straight probe, a double-wafer focusing inclined probe, a small-angle focusing longitudinal wave probe, a focusing thickness measuring probe, a non-blind area probe and a water film type focusing probe in automatic flaw detection, can be manufactured into various special focusing probes and the like, and greatly expands the application field and the use occasion of the focusing probe.
Thirdly, the A-type ultrasonic focusing probe has the advantages of simple process, low cost, convenient use, wide application range, easy popularization and application and better flaw detection effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is a tilt probe;
fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is a straight probe;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the focused acoustic field radiated by the focused piezoceramic acoustic emission source of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of an unfocused sound field radiated by a common piezoceramic wafer.
In the figure: 1. the acoustic transducer comprises a shell, 2, a focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source, 21, an electrode plate, 22, an acoustic emission source, 221, a piezoelectric ceramic block, 222, an acoustic insulation block, 3, a damping block, 4, an acoustic matching layer, 5, an electric matcher, 6, a connecting interface, 7, a waveform converter, 8, an acoustic absorption filling material, 9, a lead and 10 a protective film.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below by means of specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2 of the present invention includes two electrode plates 21 disposed oppositely and an acoustic emission source 22 disposed between the two electrode plates 21, the acoustic emission source 22 includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221 and a plurality of acoustic barrier blocks 222 disposed in parallel, the piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221 and the acoustic barrier blocks 222 are alternately stacked and tightly joined, the volume fraction of the piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221 gradually increases from the center to the two side edges, the volume fraction of the acoustic barrier blocks 222 also gradually increases and is disposed in axial symmetry, the two electrode plates 21 are disposed in parallel with the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221 and the acoustic barrier blocks 222 and are respectively electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221, the acoustic emission source 22 and the electrode plates 21 form a plane, and the electrode plates 21 are disposed to cover the acoustic emission source 21 and the joining plane thereof. The acoustic barrier blocks 222 are used to prevent the vibrations of the piezoelectric ceramic blocks 221 from affecting each other. The volume fractions of each piezoelectric ceramic block 221 and each acoustic barrier block 222 are configured as follows: after being excited, each piezoelectric ceramic piece 221 has a different phase angle, and each piezoelectric ceramic piece 221 radiates ultrasonic waves into the medium to interfere with each other, and an energy focusing region can be formed in the central region by increasing or decreasing the superposition of the waves. In practical application, focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission sources with different frequencies and areas are adopted, different volume fractions are configured, different focusing effects are achieved, different focal lengths are obtained, and the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission sources are set according to actual requirements according to different dielectric materials. The piezoelectric ceramic block 221 is a longitudinal wave piezoelectric ceramic block, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic block 221 is parallel to the direction of the electric field between the two electrode plates 21. The acoustic barrier block 222 is made of a polymer damping material, specifically, modified rubber.
Referring to fig. 2, the contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe of the present embodiment is an oblique probe, and includes the above-mentioned focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2, a housing 1, a damping block 3, an acoustic matching layer 4, an electric matching unit 5, a connection interface 6, a waveform converter 7, and a sound absorption filling material 8. The damping block 3 is arranged on the back of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2 and is used for eliminating back reflection of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2; the connecting interface 6 is used for connecting with an ultrasonic instrument through a cable, and the connecting interface 6 is respectively and electrically connected with two electrode plates 21 of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2 through an electric matcher 5 and a lead 9; the acoustic matching layer 4 is tightly jointed with the front side surface of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2 and is used for improving the energy transmission efficiency of acoustic waves among different media. The wave transformer 7 is closely coupled to the front side of the acoustic matching layer 4 for transforming the longitudinal wave into a refracted transverse wave. The waveform converter 7 is made of organic glass materials, and the sound velocity is 2000-3000 m/s and is lower than the transverse wave sound velocity of the detected material. The sound absorption filling material 8 is filled in the inner space of the housing 1 and is used for eliminating the surrounding useless ultrasonic waves. The electric matching device 5 is used in the prior art for implementing impedance matching between the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2 and the ultrasonic instrument, and will not be described herein.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the contact type A ultrasonic focusing probe is connected with an ultrasonic instrument through a connecting interface 6, after the ultrasonic instrument is started, an alternating electric field is applied to two electrode plates 21, after an acoustic emission source 22 is excited, each piezoelectric ceramic block 221 generates telescopic vibration and emits longitudinal waves into a medium, the vibration transmission directions of each piezoelectric ceramic block 221 are consistent, the center to the edge of an acoustic emission source 2 is provided, the emitted ultrasonic waves have a certain phase difference, adjacent mass point vibration generates interference by utilizing the phase interference principle, waves with the same or similar frequency and phase are superposed and enhanced, waves with the opposite or similar phase are offset or weakened, and finally, energy is concentrated in the center area of an ultrasonic acoustic beam to form a focusing area, as shown in figure 4. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the effect of an unfocused sound field radiated by a common piezoelectric ceramic plate.
The utility model realizes the narrowing of the sound field section diameter compression sound beam and the increase of the unit energy density through focusing, compared with a probe made of a common piezoelectric ceramic piece, the linear focusing probe can improve the gain by more than 6dB, and the point focusing probe can improve the gain by more than 9 dB.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe of the present embodiment is a straight probe, and includes a focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source 2, a housing 1, a damping block 3, an acoustic matching layer 4, an electrical matching unit 5, a connection interface 6, and a protective film 10. The protective film 10 is closely attached to the front side of the acoustic matching layer 4.
Example 3
The present example differs from example 1 in that: the acoustic barrier block 222 is specifically made of modified epoxy resin. The wave converter 7 is made of polyimide material.
The above description is only three specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention using this concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source is characterized in that: including two electrode slices of relative setting and set up the sound emission source between two electrode slices, the sound emission source is including a plurality of piezoceramics pieces and a plurality of sound blocking piece of mutual parallel arrangement, a plurality of piezoceramics pieces and a plurality of sound blocking piece range upon range of in turn and closely joint, from the center to both sides edge, piezoceramics piece volume fraction crescent, and be the axial symmetry setting, two electrode slices are on a parallel with piezoceramics piece and sound blocking piece range direction setting, and be connected with a plurality of piezoceramics pieces electricity respectively, the sound emission source forms the plane with electrode slice looks composition face, sound blocking piece is used for making each piezoceramics piece's vibration each other not influence, the volume fraction configuration of each piezoceramics piece is: after being excited, the piezoelectric ceramic blocks respectively have different phase angles, radiate ultrasonic waves into the medium and interfere with each other, and an energy focusing area can be formed in a central area through wave superposition enhancement or attenuation.
2. The focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source of claim 1, wherein: the acoustic emission is from the center to the two side edges, and the volume fraction of the acoustic barrier blocks is gradually increased.
3. The focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source of claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic block adopts a longitudinal wave piezoelectric ceramic block, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic block is parallel to the direction of an electric field between the two electrode plates.
4. The focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the sound insulation block is made of a high polymer damping material.
5. The focused piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source of claim 1, wherein: the electrode slice is arranged by fully covering the acoustic emission source and the joint plane thereof.
6. Contact type A type ultrasonic wave focusing probe, its characterized in that: comprises the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source, a shell, a damping block, an acoustic matching layer, an electric matcher and a connecting interface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; the damping block is arranged on the back surface of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and used for eliminating back reflection of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source; the connection interface is used for being connected with an ultrasonic instrument through a cable and is respectively and electrically connected with two electrode plates of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source through an electric matcher; the acoustic matching layer is tightly jointed with the front side surface of the focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and is used for improving the energy transmission efficiency of acoustic waves among different media.
7. A contact type a ultrasonic focusing probe according to claim 6, wherein: the acoustic matching device also comprises a waveform converter which is tightly jointed with the front side surface of the acoustic matching layer and is used for converting the longitudinal wave into the refracted transverse wave.
8. The contact type-a ultrasonic focusing probe of claim 7, wherein: the waveform converter adopts one of organic glass, polyimide and polystyrene.
9. The contact type-a ultrasonic focusing probe of claim 7, wherein: the sound absorption filling material is filled in the gap inside the shell and is used for eliminating the surrounding useless ultrasonic waves.
10. The contact type-a ultrasonic focusing probe of claim 6, wherein: and a protective film closely attached to the front side of the acoustic matching layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122921906.5U CN216771608U (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and contact type A-type ultrasonic focusing probe |
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| CN202122921906.5U CN216771608U (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Focusing piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission source and contact type A-type ultrasonic focusing probe |
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