CN216765765U

CN216765765U - Water-gas composite anti-collision capsule and anti-collision system controlled by secondary pressure

Info

Publication number: CN216765765U
Application number: CN202123441978.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈楚珍; 唐晓群
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Hubei Shichuangyu Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a secondary pressure control water-gas composite anti-collision capsule and an anti-collision system, belonging to the technical field of structural protection. The secondary pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule has the advantages of simple structure and convenient arrangement, can realize secondary pressure control of gas in the inner capsule body and water liquid between the inner capsule body and the outer capsule body by correspondingly arranging all the parts, limits the maximum impact force when the structure is impacted, prolongs the impact time of the structure, provides enough conditions for buffering and releasing the impact force, fully ensures the arrangement safety and reliability of the corresponding structure, reduces the maintenance cost of the corresponding structure, and has better application prospect and popularization value.

Description

Water-gas composite anti-collision capsule and anti-collision system controlled by secondary pressure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of structural protection, and particularly relates to a water-gas composite anti-collision capsule controlled by secondary pressure and an anti-collision system.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing number of ships sailing on rivers and the increasing tonnage, the accident that the ship impacts the pier happens occasionally. The collision of the ship and the bridge often causes the disastrous consequences of the damage of the ship and the bridge structure, the leakage of goods, the environmental pollution, the casualties and the like. Therefore, on a bridge pier, safety measures or protection devices are often provided to ensure the stability and safety of the structure under the impact of the ship.

At present, common pier protection devices can be divided into two major types, namely direct structures and indirect structures. Wherein, direct structure means that protector direct structure is on the pier of being protected, and after hitting the percussion, the impact passes through protector direct action on the pier of being protected. And the indirect structure means that the protective device is not directly connected with the protected bridge, and the impact force does not directly act on the protected bridge. Although both types of protection devices can achieve structural protection to some extent, they have certain drawbacks. For example, in the case of an indirectly structured protector, the impact force generated when the protector is set and then collided can be absorbed by the protector, and the protector does not act on a bridge pier to be protected, thereby having a strong protective effect on the bridge pier. However, the indirectly constructed guard device is often spaced apart from the pier to be protected, so that it occupies a river or a water area, and the amount of maintenance work is often large. In contrast, a protector having a direct structure is generally directly constructed on a pier to be protected, and is mainly classified into three types, i.e., an elastic deformation type, a crush (plastic) deformation type, and a displacement type. After the elastic deformation type protection device is impacted, elastic recovery can be achieved, maintenance work is small, but only small impact with small energy can be applied, and once the impact exceeds the elastic deformation range, the bridge pier is directly impacted, and major accidents are caused. Although the crush deformation type protection device and the displacement type protection device can absorb huge impact energy through plastic deformation and displacement of the device, the maintenance and repair workload of the device after each impact is large, and the application cost of the protection device is high.

In view of the above, the applicant proposed the prior patent application CN201910731622.4, in which a hydraulic anti-collision capsule is specifically disclosed, and by utilizing the corresponding arrangement of each component in the anti-collision capsule and the combined operation of each component when being impacted, the impact protection of the bridge pier is effectively realized, and the service life of the bridge pier structure is prolonged. However, the structure of the anti-collision capsule is complex, the assembly, maintenance and overhaul are complex, the application and popularization of the anti-collision capsule are affected to a certain extent, and the bridge pier cannot be reliably protected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at one or more of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the utility model provides a two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule and an anti-collision system, which have simple structures and convenient and fast arrangement and maintenance, can realize anti-collision protection of structures such as piers and the like, realize quick recovery after collision is eliminated, and simplify the assembly, maintenance and overhaul processes of a protection device.

In order to achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule, which includes an outer capsule body and an inner capsule body, each of which has a capsule shape during operation;

a capsule-shaped cavity is formed inside the outer bag body, the top of the outer bag body is provided with a communicating hole, and the bottom of the outer bag body is hermetically connected with a central plug;

the communicating hole is sealed by a hoisting piece, and an outer air nozzle for communicating the inside and the outside of the outer capsule body is arranged on the hoisting piece; the central plug is internally provided with a first overflow valve and a one-way valve, and the two valve bodies are respectively communicated with the inside and the outside of the outer capsule, so that water outside the anti-collision capsule can flow into the outer capsule through the one-way valve, and the water inside the outer capsule can overflow from the first overflow valve after the water pressure reaches a certain value;

the inner bag body is arranged in the outer bag body, can fill the top of the cavity in the outer bag body when the inner bag body is filled with gas, and forms a cavity filled with water liquid between the bottom of the inner bag body and the central plug; and the top of the inner bag body is provided with an inner air nozzle communicated with the inside and the outside of the inner bag body, and the inner air nozzle is communicated with the outer air nozzle through a pipeline.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the lifting piece is a lifting bolt, and the lifting bolt and the outer bag body are integrated through vulcanization adhesion.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the center plug comprises plate bodies which are respectively arranged at two axial ends and a neck part which is arranged between the two plate bodies; the outer diameter of the neck is smaller than the outer diameters of the two plate bodies, and the bottom of the outer bag body can be plugged into the opening at the bottom of the outer bag body at one end of the central plug and then closely coated on the periphery of the neck.

As a further improvement of the utility model, a closing-in component is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the outer capsule and used for wrapping and tightly binding the outer capsule on the periphery of the neck.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the outer capsule body is of a multilayer structure and comprises a rubber layer, a cord fabric layer and a leakage-proof layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.

In another aspect of the utility model, a two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision system is provided, which comprises a plurality of two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsules;

each anti-collision capsule is hung on the periphery of a structure to be protected through a hoisting piece, the bottom of each anti-collision capsule is embedded in water, and water liquid is filled between the inner bag body and the outer bag body; and is provided with

The inner bag body of any anti-collision capsule is communicated with the inner bag body of at least one anti-collision capsule in parallel through a ventilation pipeline; the air pipe is communicated with the outer air nozzle through a pipeline and is used for filling air with certain air pressure in each inner bag body; one end of the vent pipeline is provided with a gas source, and the other end of the vent pipeline is provided with a second overflow valve, so that gas in the vent pipeline can overflow from the second overflow valve after the gas pressure reaches a certain value; and

the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve, the overflow pressure of the second overflow valve, the inflation pressure of the inner bag body and the water pressure of the water liquid at the bottom of the outer bag body are sequentially reduced.

As a further development of the utility model, all the crash capsules on the periphery of the structure to be protected are connected by a ventilation line.

As a further improvement of the utility model, all the crash capsules located on a single side of the structure to be protected are connected by a vent line.

As a further improvement of the utility model, a check valve is arranged on the vent pipeline corresponding to the gas source and used for preventing the gas in each inner capsule on the vent pipeline from flowing back.

The above-described improved technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme conceived by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the water-gas composite anti-collision capsule with secondary pressure control is formed by correspondingly arranging the outer capsule body, the inner capsule body, the central plug and the first overflow valve and the one-way valve in the central plug, so that the anti-collision capsule can realize secondary pressure control through gas overflow in the inner capsule body and liquid overflow between the inner capsule body and the outer capsule body, the acting force release time of the anti-collision capsule under the action of collision is prolonged, the occurrence of local instantaneous large impact force is avoided, the maximum impact force acting on a protected structure is controlled, the structural stability of the protected structure is fully ensured, and the probability of being damaged by collision is reduced.

(2) According to the two-stage pressure control anti-collision system, the plurality of anti-collision capsules are arranged side by side on the periphery of the structure to be protected and are matched with the corresponding connection arrangement of the structures such as the vent pipeline, the air source and the second overflow valve, so that the anti-collision air paths of the anti-collision capsules communicated with the same vent pipeline can be communicated, the collision energy can be absorbed and borne by the plurality of anti-collision capsules on the vent pipeline, the individual capsules are prevented from being broken due to severe deformation, the use stability and reliability of the anti-collision system are ensured, the service life of the anti-collision system is prolonged, and the anti-collision effect is improved.

(3) According to the water-gas composite anti-collision system with the secondary pressure control, disclosed by the utility model, the pressure of the gas in the inner capsule body and the water in the outer capsule body is preferably selected, so that the pressure in the capsule can be gradually increased when the anti-collision capsule is impacted, the secondary pressure control is realized under the water-gas composite condition, the maximum value of the impact force is controlled, the time of the impact stress is fully prolonged, the contact area between the anti-collision capsule and the structure at the initial stage of impact is increased, and the impact acting force of the structure to be protected is fully reduced.

(4) The secondary pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule has a simple structure, is simple and convenient to set, can realize secondary pressure control of gas in the inner capsule and water liquid between the inner capsule and the outer capsule through corresponding arrangement of the inner capsule, the outer capsule, the central plug, the first overflow valve, the one-way valve and other components, limits the maximum impact force when the structure is impacted, prolongs the impact time of the structure, provides sufficient conditions for buffering and releasing the impact force, fully ensures the setting safety and reliability of the corresponding structure, reduces the maintenance cost of the corresponding structure, and has better application prospect and popularization value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage pressure controlled water-air composite anti-collision bladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a two-stage pressure controlled water-air composite anti-collision bladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a collision avoidance system based on a collision avoidance capsule in an embodiment of the present invention;

in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular:

1. an outer bladder body; 2. an inner bladder body; 3. a central plug; 4. a closing-in component; 5. a first overflow valve; 6. a one-way valve; 7. a gas source; 8. a check valve; 9. a second overflow valve;

101. a communicating hole; 102. a hoisting member; 103. an outer air tap; 201. an inner air nozzle; 301. a first plate body; 302. a second plate body; 303. a neck portion.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1 to 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water-gas composite anti-collision capsule with secondary pressure control includes a capsule-shaped outer capsule 1, a cavity structure is formed inside the outer capsule 1, an inner capsule 2 is disposed inside the cavity structure, and the two capsule bodies are correspondingly combined to form the water-gas composite anti-collision capsule with secondary pressure control, so that when the anti-collision capsule is impacted, impact force can be absorbed and released through elastic deformation of the outer capsule 1 and the inner capsule 2 and water gas in the capsule is discharged, and then, the state recovery of the entire anti-collision capsule is realized.

Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the outer bag body 1 is preferably designed in a three-section manner, and includes an arc section and a cylindrical section, wherein the arc section and the cylindrical section are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end, and the top of the outer bag body 1 protrudes out of the water surface and the bottom of the outer bag body is immersed in the water during actual operation.

More specifically, the outer bladder 1 in the preferred embodiment is a multi-layer structure in the thickness direction, and includes a rubber layer, a ply layer and a leakage-proof layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. Compared with a capsule body prepared from a single rubber layer, the strength of the outer capsule body 1 can be fully enhanced through the arrangement of the cord fabric layer, and the sealing performance inside and outside the outer capsule body 1 can be effectively improved through the arrangement of the leakage-proof layer.

Meanwhile, the top of the outer bag body 1 is provided with a communicating hole 101 for communicating the inside and the outside of the bag body, and the communicating hole is preferably coaxial with the vertical axis of the outer bag body 101 and is used for communicating the inner bag body 2 with an external air passage of the bag. As shown in fig. 1, a lifting piece 102 is coaxially provided in the communication hole 101 for lifting use of the crash capsule, and the communication hole 101 is sealed by the lifting piece 102. In actual installation, the lifting members 102 are preferably lifting bolts, and the lifting bolts and the outer bag body 1 are preferably bonded into a whole through vulcanization, so that the lifting members 102 and the outer bag body 1 are not separated when the crash-proof capsule is lifted and used, and the communication holes 101 can be effectively sealed.

Further, an outer air nozzle 103 for communicating the inside and outside of the outer bag body 1 is provided in the lifting member 102 to communicate with an inner air nozzle 201 at the top of the inner bag body 2. As shown in fig. 1, the inner bag body 2 of the preferred embodiment is embedded in the outer bag body 1, and after being inflated, the outer peripheral wall surface of the inner bag body abuts against the inner peripheral wall surface of the outer bag body 1, so that the crash-proof capsule can maintain the shape of the capsule.

In the preferred embodiment, the inner capsule 2 is a capsule structure, the top of which is aligned with the top of the outer capsule 1, and the top of which is provided with an inner air nozzle 201, so that the inner air nozzle 201 can be communicated with the outer air nozzle 103 through a pipeline, thereby realizing the inflation control in the inner capsule 2 and ensuring the accurate control of the air pressure in the inner capsule 2. The inner capsule 2 in the preferred embodiment is preferably made of rubber, more preferably butyl rubber.

It can be understood that, in order to avoid the misalignment between the inner air nozzles 201 and the outer air nozzles 103, the two air nozzles in the preferred embodiment are respectively arranged coaxially with the two bag bodies, and the inner bag body 2 is not spherical, but is in a capsule shape corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the outer bag body 1, and has a cylindrical section with a certain length in the middle, which can reliably abut against the inner peripheral wall surface of the outer bag body 1, and even if the inner bag body rotates, the inner bag body only rotates around the vertical axis, so as to ensure that the relative positions of the inner air nozzles 201 and the outer air nozzles 103 do not change.

Further, the axial length of the inner bag body 2 is smaller than that of the inner cavity of the outer bag body 1, so that a cavity for containing water liquid is formed at the bottom of the inner bag body 2, and the possibility of water-gas composite collision avoidance is provided.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom of the outer bag body 1 in the preferred embodiment is provided with a central plug 3 for tightening and closing the bottom opening of the outer bag body 1.

Specifically, the central plug 3 in the preferred embodiment is made of rubber, and has an "i" shaped longitudinal cross section, and includes a first plate 301 and a second plate 302 parallel to each other, and a neck 303 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the two plates is coaxially disposed between the two plates. The central plug 3 can extend into the opening at the bottom of the outer bag body 1 through the first plate 301 and the neck 303, so that the inner wall at the opening at the bottom of the outer bag body 1 can be contracted to be tightly attached to the periphery of the neck 303, and the end surface of the opening at the bottom of the outer bag body 1 can be abutted against the end surface of the second plate 302, which is opposite to the first plate 301, as shown in fig. 2.

Accordingly, a closing-up assembly 4 is provided at the periphery of the bottom of the outer bag body 1 for securely fastening the bottom opening of the outer bag body 1 at the periphery of the neck 303. In a preferred embodiment, the closing-up component 4 is a double wire throat band, which may be arranged in plurality at intervals in the axial direction, so as to ensure that the central plug 3 can be reliably arranged and tightened at the bottom of the outer balloon 1, thereby realizing the sealing of the bottom of the outer balloon 1.

Further, a first overflow valve 5 and a check valve 6 are arranged in the central plug 3 in the preferred embodiment, and the two valve bodies are respectively communicated with two axial sides of the central plug 3, that is, the two valve bodies are respectively communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the outer bag body 1. Meanwhile, the one-way valve 6 is arranged in such a way that the water outside the outer bag body 1 can be sucked into the outer bag body 1 through the one-way valve 6, and the water inside the outer bag body 1 cannot be discharged through the one-way valve 6. Accordingly, the first overflow valve 5 functions to control the maximum pressure in the inner chamber of the outer balloon 1, and when the pressure inside the outer balloon 1 reaches the maximum pressure, the first overflow valve 5 is opened so that the water inside the outer balloon 1 can be discharged from the first overflow valve 5.

In another aspect of the present invention, an anti-collision system based on the above anti-collision capsule is provided, which includes a plurality of anti-collision capsules arranged side by side, and a ventilation pipeline is provided corresponding to at least two anti-collision capsules, as shown in fig. 3. One end of the vent pipe is provided with an air source 7 for inflating the inner bag body 2 of at least two anti-collision bags.

It can be seen that each anti-collision capsule is arranged on the vent pipeline in parallel, and a check valve 8 is preferably arranged on one side of the air source 7, so that the gas in each inner capsule body 2 is prevented from flowing back to the air source 7, and the normal operation of the system is ensured. Correspondingly, a second overflow valve 9 is arranged at the other end of the vent pipe, which is far away from the gas source 7, and is used for discharging the gas in the inner capsule body 2 when the gas pressure in the inner capsule body 2 exceeds a preset value.

In the actual use process, the inner bag body 2 is inflated and fills the top cavity of the outer bag body 1, and the cavity of the outer bag body 1 below the inner bag body 2 is filled with water liquid. At this time, the relief pressure of the first relief valve 5 is P₁The relief pressure of the second relief valve 9 is P₂The initial air pressure in the inner bag body 2 is P₀The water pressure at the bottom of the outer bag body 1 is P_aObviously, the water pressure at the bottom of the outer bag body 1 is equal to the water pressure outside the outer bag body 1.

Further, the value of the pressure is controlled to satisfy the following relation: p₁＞P₂＞P₀＞P_a. At this time, the respective crash capsules are communicated by the vent line, and the air pressure in the vent line is kept the same as the air pressure in the respective inner capsules 2. When an impact occurs, one or more of the crash capsules are compressed and the pressure in the inner body 2 begins to rise as the crash capsules compress and deform.

(1) When P is present₀Up to the operating pressure P of the second overflow valve 9₂In the process, the inner bag body 2 of each anti-collision capsule is communicated with the outer air nozzle 103 and the inner air nozzle 201 through the ventilation pipeline, and the whole pressure gradually rises. Accordingly, the hydraulic pressure between the inner bag 2 and the outer bag 1 is also increased. Since the pressure does not reach the relief pressure P₂Therefore, neither gas nor liquid can overflow through the overflow valve, and if the collision is not prevented in this stage, the deformation of the anti-collision capsule is increased, and the pressure is further increased, and the next stage is started.

(2) The pressure in the inner bag body 2 reaches P₂Thereafter, the gas in the inner bag 2 overflows through the second overflow valve 9. ByThe second overflow valve 9 has insufficient overflow capacity, and the gas pressure in the capsule is increased from P₂Is raised to P₁. In this process, the gas pressure in the inner bag 2 rises and overflows through the second overflow valve 9, and the water pressure between the inner bag 2 and the outer bag 1 further rises but does not rise to P₁That is, at this time, the first overflow valve 5 does not operate and does not overflow the water. If the impact is not prevented at this stage, the deformation of the capsule is increased and the pressure rises further, entering the next stage.

(3) The water pressure between the inner bag body 2 and the outer bag body 1 rises to P₁Thereafter, the gas in the inner bag 2 is overflowed through the second overflow valve 9, and the water liquid between the inner bag 2 and the outer bag 1 is overflowed through the first overflow valve 5, so that the air pressure and water pressure in the bag are maintained at the overflow pressure P by the first overflow valve 5₁Until the impact is over.

In actual arrangement, the anti-collision capsules are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the corresponding structure, and all the anti-collision capsules are communicated through a ventilation pipeline; of course, in actual installation, a plurality of vent pipes may be provided corresponding to all the anti-collision capsules outside one structure, for example, one vent pipe is provided for the anti-collision capsules on the same side.

Through the arrangement of the anti-collision capsule, the impact energy can be absorbed in a gas compression deformation mode at the initial stage of impact, the contact area is increased, and the impact force is buffered. Meanwhile, the gas in the capsule adopts a communication and overflow mode, so that the individual capsule can be effectively prevented from being broken due to severe deformation, and the service life of the anti-collision capsule is prolonged. In addition, the secondary overflow of water liquid is utilized, the secondary pressure control mode is adopted, the internal pressure of the capsule is gradually increased, the impact force is controlled, the impact force time is prolonged, the impacted object is fully protected, and the maximum impact force, namely P, can be designed according to the requirement of the protected object₁By taking advantage of the contact area of the capsule and the protected object, the use flexibility of the anti-collision capsule is improved, and the reliable work of an anti-collision system is ensured. Of course, after the collision is removed, the air source 11 can be used for inflating the anti-collision capsule to restore the capsule to the original state, and the bottom of the capsule passes through the one-way valveAnd 6, water is absorbed and supplemented in the capsule, and the capsule is finally restored to a state before collision, so that the capsule can be repeatedly used.

The water-gas composite anti-collision capsule controlled by the secondary pressure has a simple structure, is simple and convenient to arrange, can realize the secondary pressure control of gas in the inner capsule body and water liquid between the inner capsule body and the outer capsule body by correspondingly arranging the inner capsule body and the outer capsule body, the central plug, the first overflow valve, the one-way valve and other components, limits the maximum impact force when the structure is impacted, prolongs the impact time of the structure, provides sufficient conditions for buffering and releasing the impact force, fully ensures the arrangement safety and reliability of the corresponding structure, reduces the maintenance cost of the corresponding structure, and has better application prospect and popularization value.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the utility model, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-gas composite anti-collision capsule controlled by two-stage pressure is characterized by comprising an outer capsule body and an inner capsule body which are respectively in a capsule shape when in work;

a capsule-shaped cavity is formed in the outer bag body, the top of the outer bag body is provided with a communicating hole, and the bottom of the outer bag body is hermetically connected with a central plug;

2. The two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule according to claim 1, wherein the lifting piece is a lifting bolt which is integrally bonded with the outer capsule body through vulcanization.

3. The two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule according to claim 1, wherein the central plug comprises plate bodies respectively arranged at two axial ends and a neck part arranged between the two plate bodies; the outer diameter of the neck is smaller than the outer diameters of the two plate bodies, and the bottom of the outer bag body can be plugged into the opening at the bottom of the outer bag body at one end of the central plug and then closely coated on the periphery of the neck.

4. The two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule according to claim 3, wherein a closing-in component is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the outer capsule body for wrapping and tightening the outer capsule body on the periphery of the neck.

5. The two-stage pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer capsule body is of a multilayer structure and comprises a rubber layer, a cord fabric layer and a leakage-proof layer which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside.

6. A secondary pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision system, which is characterized by comprising a plurality of secondary pressure controlled water-gas composite anti-collision capsules as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5;

7. The two stage pressure controlled water gas hybrid collision avoidance system of claim 6 wherein all collision avoidance capsules at the periphery of the structure to be protected are in communication via a vent line.

8. The secondary pressure controlled water vapor composite collision avoidance system of claim 6 wherein all collision avoidance capsules on a single side of the structure to be protected are connected by a vent line.

9. The two-stage pressure controlled water and gas composite anti-collision system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a check valve is arranged on the vent pipeline corresponding to the gas source for preventing backflow of gas in each inner bag on the vent pipeline.