CN216759166U - Dry ice powder jet type cooling device - Google Patents
Dry ice powder jet type cooling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216759166U CN216759166U CN202123406432.7U CN202123406432U CN216759166U CN 216759166 U CN216759166 U CN 216759166U CN 202123406432 U CN202123406432 U CN 202123406432U CN 216759166 U CN216759166 U CN 216759166U
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- ice powder
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dry ice powder spray type cooling device, which comprises a spray unit 1 for spraying dry ice powder and a control unit 2 which is connected with the spray unit 1 through a data cable 3 and controls the action of the spray unit 1; the injection unit 1 is arranged near a cutting part M1 of the cutting device M, and comprises a box body 1A, wherein a liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, an injection gas supply line 12, a circulation pipeline 13 and a spray head 14 are arranged in the box body 1A; when the workpiece is processed, the first heat generation (processing heat) and the second heat generation (oxidation reaction heat) are suppressed simultaneously by cooling the processing portion M1 using the dry ice powder. Not only can the friction between the workpiece and the tool during machining be suppressed, but also the heat of the machining reaction (secondary heat generation) caused by the oxidation combustion reaction such as the workpiece, the tool, and the chips can be suppressed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a cooling technology in machining, in particular to a dry ice powder jet type cooling device.
Background
In cutting metal, a technique for cooling a machined portion is important for suppressing deterioration of a cutting tool and improving machining accuracy. The heat generation process in machining is classified into machining heat (first heat generation) generated by energy concentration such as friction between a workpiece and a machining tool and laser processing in machining, and oxidation reaction heat (second heat generation) generated by oxidation combustion of the workpiece, a tool, chips, and the like. Conventional cooling devices for cutting mainly include a wet cooling (wet cutting) device for supplying a cutting fluid to a machining portion and a dry cooling (dry cutting) device for injecting a low-temperature gas into the machining portion in an atmospheric atmosphere.
In wet cutting, a cutting oil is used to cool the workpiece by suppressing the generation of machining heat in order to obtain a lubricating effect, a cooling effect, and a cleaning effect. However, after machining, it is necessary to remove the cutting oil agent adhering to the surface of the workpiece to be machined; oxidation of the cutting tool cannot be avoided; the cutting oil agent can generate stink due to anaerobic bacteria fermentation after being used for a certain time, so that the environment of a processing site is deteriorated, and the harm to the health of a processor is caused; in addition, the treatment of the waste cutting oil agent pollutes the environment, and the treatment cost is high;
in dry cutting, no cutting oil is used, and the above problems do not occur. However, dry cutting has no lubricating effect and has a very limited cooling effect, and generates very high processing heat compared to wet cutting. Therefore, the machined surface is liable to suffer cutting burn and cutting crack, and the cutting tool is deteriorated too early, and the life of the cutting tool is too short, resulting in a large economic burden.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a dry ice powder spraying type cooling device to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the dry ice powder spray type cooling device of the utility model comprises a spray unit 1 for spraying dry ice powder and a control unit 2 which is connected with the spray unit 1 through a data cable 3 and controls the action of the spray unit 1;
the injection unit 1 is arranged near a cutting part M1 of the cutting device M, and comprises a box body 1A, wherein a liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, an injection gas supply line 12, a circulating pipeline 13 and a spray head 14 are arranged in the box body 1A;
the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11 includes a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111, a gas strainer 112, an electromagnetic valve 113 for controlling the flow of carbon dioxide, and a needle valve 114 for controlling the flow of liquid carbon dioxide;
the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111 is connected to a liquid carbon dioxide supply source T or a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank;
the needle valve 114 provides a constriction and a space for inflation;
the injection gas supply line 12 includes an injection gas inlet 121, an electromagnetic valve 122 for controlling the flow of the injection gas, a pressure gauge 123, a heater 124, a filter screen 125, and a safety valve 126;
the sparge gas inlet 121 is connected to a sparge gas supply G.
Compared with the prior art, the dry ice powder spray type cooling device provided by the utility model can inhibit the processing heat (first heat generation) generated by energy concentration such as friction between a processed material and a cutter in machining, laser processing and the like, and can inhibit the oxidation reaction heat (second heat generation) generated by oxidation combustion reaction such as the processed material, the cutter, cutting and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting device to which a cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a spray unit to which a cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an injection unit to which a cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a head of a spray unit to which a cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 5 is a front view of a control unit to which a cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an injection unit to which a cooling device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is applied
FIG. 7 is a front view of a cooling apparatus according to example 3 of the present invention in a cutting apparatus
In the figure:
1. the spray unit of example 1;
1A, a tank, 11, a liquid carbon dioxide supply line, 111, a liquid carbon dioxide introduction port, 112, a gas strainer, 113, a solenoid valve, 114, a needle valve, 12, an injection gas supply line, 121, an injection gas introduction port, 122, a solenoid valve, 123, a pressure gauge, 124, a heater, 125, a gas filter, 126, a safety valve (relief valve), 13, a flow pipe, 13a, a liquid carbon dioxide flow pipe, 13b, an injection gas flow pipe, 14, a shower head, 141 outer pipe, 141A, a jet port, 142, inner pipe, 142a, a liquid carbon dioxide supply port, 143, a mixing section;
2. a control unit; 2A, a box body;
3. a communication cable;
4. the spray unit of example 2;
5. a jet gas heating device;
G. a jet gas supply source, T, a liquid carbon dioxide supply source, M, a cutting device, M1, a cutting processing part, M2, a cutting tool, M3, a control panel, M4, a device for controlling the position of a nozzle, M5 and a processing table.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is clearly and completely described below by combining the attached drawings in the embodiment of the utility model; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model to the particular forms disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms that may be used herein are first described as follows:
the term "and/or" means that either or both can be achieved, for example, X and/or Y means that both cases include "X" or "Y" as well as three cases including "X and Y".
The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other similar terms of meaning should be construed as non-exclusive inclusions. For example: including a feature (e.g., material, component, ingredient, carrier, formulation, material, dimension, part, component, mechanism, device, process, procedure, method, reaction condition, processing condition, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product, or article of manufacture), is to be construed as including not only the particular feature explicitly listed but also other features not explicitly listed as such which are known in the art.
The term "consisting of … …" is meant to exclude any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If used in a claim, the term shall render the claim closed except for the inclusion of the technical features that are expressly listed except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. If the term occurs in only one clause of the claims, it is defined only to the elements explicitly recited in that clause, and elements recited in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claims.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "secured," etc., are to be construed broadly, as for example: can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms herein can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
The terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description only, and are not intended to imply or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting herein.
Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the utility model belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art. Those not specifically mentioned in the examples of the present invention were carried out according to the conventional conditions in the art or conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used in the examples of the present invention are not specified by manufacturers, and are all conventional products available by commercial purchase.
The dry ice powder spray type cooling device of the utility model comprises a spray unit 1 for spraying dry ice powder and a control unit 2 which is connected with the spray unit 1 through a data cable 3 and controls the action of the spray unit 1;
the injection unit 1 is arranged near a cutting part M1 of the cutting device M, and comprises a box body 1A, wherein a liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, an injection gas supply line 12, a circulating pipeline 13 and a spray head 14 are arranged in the box body 1A;
the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11 includes a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111, a gas strainer 112, an electromagnetic valve 113 for controlling the flow of carbon dioxide, and a needle valve 114 for controlling the flow of liquid carbon dioxide;
the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111 is connected to a liquid carbon dioxide supply source T or a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank;
the needle valve 114 provides a constriction and a space for inflation;
the injection gas supply line 12 includes an injection gas inlet 121, an electromagnetic valve 122 for controlling the flow of the injection gas, a pressure gauge 123, a heater 124, a filter screen 125, and a safety valve 126;
the sparge gas inlet 121 is connected to a sparge gas supply G.
The heater 124 includes a thermometer 124a and a temperature controller 124b, both of which are connected to the control unit 2 through a data cable 3.
The circulation line 13 includes a liquid carbon dioxide circulation line 13a and an injection gas circulation line 13b, the liquid carbon dioxide circulation line 13a is inserted into the injection gas circulation line 13b, the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11 is connected to the upstream side of the liquid carbon dioxide circulation line 13a, the injection gas supply line 12 is connected to the upstream side of the injection gas circulation line 13b, and the downstream sides of both the lines are connected to the shower head 14.
The head 14 includes an outer tube 141, an inner tube 142, and a mixing portion 143;
the top of the outer tube 141 is provided with a jet port 141a, the top of the inner tube 142 is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide supply port 142a, and the mixing part is arranged between the jet port 141a and the liquid carbon dioxide supply port 142 a;
the mixing portion 143 is provided with a space and a narrow portion for freely expanding the liquid carbon dioxide, and the space and the narrow portion are provided in any one of the nozzle 14, the flow pipe 13, and the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11.
A plurality of liquid carbon dioxide supply lines 11, a plurality of injection gas supply lines 12, a plurality of flow pipes 13, and a plurality of shower heads 14 are provided.
The control unit 2 is connected to the injection unit 1 through a data cable 3, and the control unit 2 includes a heater control unit 21 provided on the front surface of the housing 2A, an alarm 22, a control button 23 of the liquid carbon dioxide flow control solenoid valve 113, a control button 24 of the injection gas solenoid valve 122, an alarm stop button 25, a setting reset button 26, a main power supply 28, and an abnormal stop button 29.
As described above, the cooling apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention cools the machining portion M1 during machining of the workpiece, and suppresses both the first heat generation (machining heat) and the second heat generation (oxidation reaction heat) by using the dry ice powder. Not only can the friction between the workpiece and the tool during machining be suppressed, but also the heat of the machining reaction (secondary heat generation) caused by the oxidation combustion reaction such as the workpiece, the tool, and the chips can be suppressed.
According to (application of) the present invention, cooling of the processing portion when processing the workpiece is characterized by blasting dry ice powder to the processing portion. The cooling by spraying the dry ice powder to the processing portion of the material to be processed can suppress both the first heat generation and the second heat generation.
Further, since the dry ice powder is instantaneously vaporized while being cooled, no residue is left on the surface of the workpiece to be machined, and thus, it is not necessary to perform a cleaning operation on the surface of the workpiece to be machined.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the machining is characterized by cutting. In this way, the dry ice powder is sprayed to the cutting part and the cutting process is performed while cooling, and the service life of the cutting tool can be extended.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the cutting tool used for the cutting work is a ceramic material.
In this way, when machining is performed using a cutting tool made of a ceramic material, the cutting speed can be significantly increased by using the cooling method according to the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the machining is characterized by laser machining.
As described above, the cooling method according to the present invention is suitable for a light energy processing process (processing apparatus) such as laser processing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece is made of a metal material.
As described above, the cooling method according to the present invention is suitable for a case where the workpiece is a metal material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal material includes super hard alloy, super heat resistant alloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, carbon steel, noble metals such as copper, tungsten, and gold, high purity metals, various rare metals, and the like.
As described above, the metal suitable for working in the cooling method according to the present invention is a general metal material, a nonferrous metal material, a difficult-to-work metal material, or the like.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece is made of a resin material.
As described above, the cooling method according to the present invention is suitable for a case where the workpiece is a resin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resin is a fiber-reinforced plastic such as a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic or a glass fiber-reinforced plastic. As described above, the cooling method according to the present invention is suitable for resin materials which are difficult to process.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dry ice powder has an average particle diameter of 500 μm or less.
The dry ice powder spray in this average particle diameter range can achieve efficient cooling of the processing portion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dry ice powder is produced by thermally breaking (insulating) liquid carbon dioxide.
The dry ice powder produced by this method can be more easily sprayed with dry ice powder having an average particle diameter of 500 μm or less.
As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the mass flow of the liquid carbon dioxide is 50-250 g/min. Dry ice powder produced from liquid carbon dioxide at a mass flow rate in this range can be efficiently cooled when sprayed to a processing portion.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing a workpiece is characterized in that the workpiece is processed while spraying dry ice powder.
In this way, the first heat generation by the workpiece and the processing tool and the second heat generation by the oxidation reaction of the workpiece and the like can be simultaneously suppressed, and the heat generation during the processing can be greatly suppressed.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for cooling a processing portion when processing a workpiece has the following features:
liquid carbon dioxide supplied from a liquid carbon dioxide source is insulated from thermal expansion, and the liquid carbon dioxide insulated from thermal expansion is used as a cooling device;
a nozzle for spraying the dry ice powder generated by using the liquid carbon dioxide as a cooling device;
a jet gas supply device for the jet gas for jetting the dry ice powder;
the dry ice powder jet type cooling device having the above-described features can obtain an optimum dry ice particle diameter for cooling a workpiece.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle is characterized in that the nozzle is aligned with the processing portion of the material to be processed.
With this configuration, the workpiece can be efficiently cooled.
An injection unit having the liquid carbon dioxide cooling device, the shower head, and the injection gas supply device; and a control unit having an injection gas flow rate control device for adjusting the flow rate of the injection gas and a liquid carbon dioxide flow rate control device for adjusting the flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide;
as such, the ejection unit and the control unit may be provided at different places.
The spraying unit and the control unit can be respectively arranged at different places, and are more easily applicable to the existing processing device.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spray head may be provided in plurality.
Thus, by providing a plurality of nozzles, the machined portion can be efficiently cooled in the case of a large-diameter workpiece, in the case of a large machining range of a workpiece, in the case of a deep machining depth, and in the case of a machining with a complicated machining form (type).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a machining apparatus for machining a workpiece includes the machining tool and a nozzle for spraying dry ice powder. The dry ice powder blasting head is aligned with the processing part of the processing tool for processing the processed material.
In this way, the machining device including the dry ice powder cooling device can be a machining device capable of suppressing deterioration of the machining tool and extending the tool life.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the direction and position of the nozzle with respect to the workpiece is controllable, and the present invention is characterized by including the nozzle position control device.
In this way, the nozzle control device for controlling the direction or position of the nozzle is provided, and by controlling the position and direction of the nozzle, the device can be applied to different sizes, shapes and materials of the materials to be processed, different processing conditions and different cooling conditions, thereby realizing high-precision control.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle position control device has a position adjustment function in which the processing unit position information is input to the processing device, and the processing device adjusts the nozzle to spray the dry ice powder to the processing point based on the received information (number).
With this configuration, the position of the nozzle can be prevented from being manually adjusted, and dry powder can be safely and accurately sprayed in alignment with the processing point.
According to the present invention, when the dry ice powder is ejected from the head, the dew point of the ejected gas is dried to minus 40 degrees or less and heated to about 60 degrees by the urging force of the ejected gas. In this way, the blast gas not only serves as a blast driving force for the dry ice powder, but also has the effect of retarding the rate of gasification of the dry ice powder. Meanwhile, the water in the air can be prevented from being rapidly cooled due to the temperature of the dry ice powder, and the effect of preventing the spray head from being frozen is achieved.
The blast gas supplied into the blast head 14 in the present invention is divided into two systems, the blast gas of one system serving as a pushing force for pushing the dry ice powder, and the blast gas of the other system serving as a function of isolating the dry ice powder from the blast gas mixture and air. The moisture in the air is not condensed due to the low temperature of the dry ice, and the condensation phenomenon is avoided.
One of the two gas-jet systems according to the present invention is capable of isolating air, rapidly cooling the surface of the workpiece by collision, vaporization, and expansion of dry ice powder with the machining point, and has an effect of preventing the cooling temperature from being propagated to the entire workpiece by the gas jet, so that the rapidly cooled temperature is enclosed in a dry atmosphere in a small range of the machining point, and therefore, condensation does not occur in the portion other than the machining point.
The cooling device for cooling the processing part when processing the processed material can simultaneously inhibit the first heating and the second heating, and the cooling method and the cooling device can prolong the service life of the processing tool, improve the processing efficiency, prevent the processed material from being polluted and realize pollution-free green processing.
In order to more clearly show the technical solutions and the technical effects provided by the present invention, the following detailed description is provided for the embodiments of the present invention with specific embodiments.
First, a cooling apparatus to which the cooling method of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 7
The term "cutting" as used herein refers to cutting the surface of a workpiece by a machining device such as cutting or laser machining, and also includes cutting by cutting.
Example 1
The cooling apparatus according to example 1 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5:
the cooling device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a blasting unit 1 that blasts dry ice powder, and a control unit 2 that is connected to the blasting unit 1 via a data cable 3 and controls the operation of the blasting unit 1. As shown in fig. 1, the spray unit 1 and the control unit 2 are constituent devices that can be placed at different positions, respectively, and the spray unit 1 is disposed in the vicinity of the cutting processing portion M1 of the cutting device M.
The injection unit 1, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, has a housing 1A, and inside this housing 1A, a liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, an injection gas supply line 12, a flow pipe 13, and a shower head 14 are housed. The spraying unit 1 adiabatically expands the liquid carbon dioxide supplied from the liquid carbon dioxide supply source to generate dry ice powder, and after receiving a signal from the control unit 2, sprays the dry ice powder and the spraying gas together to the cutting processing portion M1.
The liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11 is composed of a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111, a filter screen 112 for removing impurities in the liquid carbon dioxide, a switching device electromagnetic valve 113 for controlling the flow of the carbon dioxide, a needle valve 114 for controlling the flow of the liquid carbon dioxide, and the like.
The liquid carbon dioxide inlet 111 is connected to a high-pressure gas container T (such as a gas cylinder) as a liquid carbon dioxide supply source or a low-temperature liquefied gas tank, and pressurized liquid carbon dioxide is supplied therefrom.
The injection gas supply line 12 is composed of an injection gas inlet 121, an electromagnetic valve 122 as a switching device for controlling the flow of the injection gas, a pressure gauge 123 for indicating the injection pressure of the injection gas, a heater 124 as a heating device for heating the injection gas, a filter 125 for removing impurities in the injection gas, and a pressure relief safety valve 126 when the injection gas pressure is abnormal.
The injection gas inlet 121 is connected to an injection gas supply source G. As the ejection gas supply source G, carbon dioxide, argon, or compressed air may be used in addition to nitrogen. These gases can be used by being pressurized and filled in a gas pressure container, and when air is used, the gases can be pressurized and supplied by an air compressor.
The heater 124 is constituted by a thermometer 124a, and a temperature controller 124 b. Both parts are connected to the control unit 2 via a data cable 3.
When the pressure indicator 123 of the injection unit 1 indicates an abnormally high pressure, the pressure relief safety valve 126 opens to communicate the inside and the outside of the injection unit 1, thereby allowing the abnormal pressure inside to escape to the outside.
The flow line 13 is composed of a liquid carbon dioxide flow line 13a and an injection gas flow line 13 b. The inside of the flow pipe 13 is a double pipe structure in which a jet gas flow pipe 13b through which a jet gas flows is inserted into a liquid carbon dioxide flow pipe 13 a. The liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11 is connected to the upstream side of the liquid carbon dioxide flow line 13a, and the sparge gas supply line 12 is connected to the upstream side of the sparge gas flow line 13 b; the downstream sides of the two sections are connected to the spray head 14 at the same time.
The head 14 is, as shown in FIG. 4, composed of an outer tube 141, an inner tube 142, and a mixing portion 143.
An injection port 141a is provided at the top of the outer pipe 141, and a liquid carbon dioxide supply port 142a is provided at the top of the inner pipe 142; the mixing section is provided between the injection port 141a and the liquid carbon dioxide supply port 142 a. In addition, the injection port 141a is designed to be aligned with a cutting point of the workpiece and to have a structure capable of injecting dry ice powder to the cutting point.
Since the mixing section 143 is formed of a certain space, it is possible to adiabatically expand the liquid carbon dioxide and function as a cooling device. Therefore, the dry ice powder can be produced by expanding the liquid carbon dioxide supplied from the liquid carbon dioxide supply port 142 a. The dry ice powder generated by this expansion is mixed with the blast gas and is blasted from the blast port 141 a.
Although not shown, the space or narrow portion for freely expanding the liquid carbon dioxide may be provided in any part of the nozzle 14, the flow pipe 13, or the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11.
In fig. 2 and 3, the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, the injection gas supply line 12, the flow pipe 13, and the shower head 14 are each provided with 1 for explanation as an example, and these are not necessarily 1, and a plurality of these may be provided as necessary in practical use.
The control unit 2 is provided with a heater control portion 21, and an alarm 22, and a control button 23 of a liquid carbon dioxide flow control solenoid valve 113, and a control button 24 of a gas injection solenoid valve 122, and an alarm stop button 25, and a setting reset button 26, and a main power supply 28, and an abnormal stop (emergency stop) button 29 on the front surface of a case 2A, as shown in fig. 5. This control unit 2 is connected to the ejection unit 1 via a data cable 3, and transmits a control signal to the ejection unit 1.
According to the present embodiment, the respective parts necessary for generating the dry ice powder constituting the blasting unit 1, and the control unit 2 for controlling the blasting unit 1, may be separately provided. That is, the ejection unit 1 is provided with a case 1A, the control unit 2 is provided with a case 2A, the case 1A accommodates therein the respective components of the ejection unit 1, and the case 2A accommodates therein the respective components of the control unit 2.
Since the position of the jetting unit 1 can be freely determined in this way, the present invention can be applied to various cutting apparatuses M. The cutting device M may be a machining center, a milling machine, a lathe, a grinding machine, a drilling machine, or the like.
In addition, the optical energy processing apparatus includes laser, electron, plasma, and the like.
Further, since the liquid carbon dioxide supply line 11, the ejection gas supply line 12, the circulation pipe 13, and the shower head 14 may be provided in plural in this embodiment, the dry ice powder can be ejected to the material to be processed from plural directions. Therefore, even in a scene in which the diameter of the workpiece is large, a scene in which the machining range is large, a scene in which the machining depth is deep, and a scene in which the machining type is complicated, since a plurality of nozzles can be attached to different positions and dry ice powder is sprayed from a plurality of directions and angles, the machined portion can be efficiently cooled.
The lengths of the flow pipe 13, the head 14, and the data line 3 in the present embodiment can be appropriately adjusted according to the size and the structure of the cutting device M.
Example 2
The cooling apparatus according to example 2 is described in detail with reference to fig. 6:
the cooling apparatus of this embodiment 2 is characterized in that the heater 124 installed in the injection unit 1 of the previous embodiment is removed, and the cabinet 1A is miniaturized. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the previous embodiments, and the description thereof will be simplified.
In comparison between the injection unit 4 (refer to fig. 6) in the embodiment 2 and the injection unit 1 (refer to fig. 3) in the previous embodiment, the injection gas supply line 12 in the injection unit 4 in the present embodiment is not provided with a heater for heating the injection gas, but is provided with the injection gas heating device 5 on the upstream side of the injection gas introduction port 121 connected to the injection gas supply source G, which is different in the two embodiments.
The sparge gas heating apparatus 5 is provided between the sparge gas source G and the sparge gas introduction port 121, and is provided with a thermometer 5a and a temperature controller 5b, and is designed in a configuration in which the temperature is controlled and adjusted by the control unit 2. Since the gas heating device 5 may be a general heating device such as induction heating, resistance heating, dielectric heating, or the like, a pipe having a heating mechanism is preferably used as a connecting line between the injection gas supply source G and the injection gas introduction port 121.
According to the present embodiment, since the heater 124 in the ejection unit 1 of the foregoing embodiment is eliminated, the case 4A of the ejection unit 4 can be miniaturized to a large extent. For this reason, the ejection unit 4 of the present embodiment can be disposed closer to the cutting processed portion M1 than the ejection unit 1 of the foregoing embodiment, and even the ejection unit 4 may be disposed inside the cutting device M. In this way, the jetting unit 4 can be disposed at the closest point of the cutting processing part 4 regardless of the size and kind of the cutting device M, and the length of the circulation duct 13 can be designed to be a fixed length.
According to this embodiment, since the spray unit 4 can be provided at the closest point of the cutting processing portion M1, the flow channel 13 can be made short, and therefore, the occurrence rate of coarse particles in the flow channel can be reduced, and it is possible to provide dry ice powder having a stable optimum particle diameter.
In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the heater that heats the injection gas is provided outside the injection unit 4, accidental heating inside the injection unit can be prevented, thereby reducing malfunction and malfunction due to heating.
Example 3
The cooling apparatus according to example 3 is described in detail with reference to fig. 7:
the cooling device according to embodiment 3 is characterized by being integrally designed with the cutting device M. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those in the previous embodiments, and only the description thereof will be simplified.
The cooling apparatus of example 3 is provided inside the cutting apparatus M as a cooling mechanism for cooling the cutting portion M1 of the cutting apparatus M. The cutting device M may be a machining center, a milling machine, a lathe, a grinder, a drill, or the like. Fig. 7 is a view showing an example of a cutting apparatus M equipped with the cooling apparatus of the present embodiment, and this cutting apparatus M is constituted by a cutting tool M2, and a dry ice powder spraying head 14 according to the present invention, and a control panel M3 for controlling spraying parameters, and a control apparatus M4 for controlling the position of the spraying head.
The nozzle 14 is provided around the cutting tool M2, and is configured to be capable of spraying dry ice powder in alignment with the cutting portion M1 where the workpiece is to be machined. The head 14 is designed to eject not only dry ice powder but also gas for cooling or cutting oil.
The control panel M3 is configured to control at least cutting parameters and dry ice powder blasting parameters. I.e. this control panel M3 has the function of the control unit 2 of the previous embodiment.
The head control device M4 is configured to control the positions of the head 14 and the flow line 13, and to control at least the ejection direction or the ejection position of the head 14 with respect to the workpiece. The control device M4 for controlling the position of the head may be configured to manually operate the direction or position of the head.
Further, the nozzle position control device M4 may have a position adjusting function of spraying dry ice powder to the cutting point after the cutting device inputs the position signal of the cutting portion, or may have a structure capable of automatically controlling the nozzle position.
According to the present embodiment, the cooling device of the present invention is integrally provided in the cutting device M, and the cutting device M capable of suppressing the deterioration of the cutting tool M2 can be provided.
In addition, the control systems of the cutting device M and the cooling device can be arranged at the same position, and the operability of the device is greatly improved.
According to the present embodiment, since the head control device M4 for controlling the ejection direction and the ejection position of the ejection head 14 is provided, the control of the ejection head 14 can cope with the change in the size, shape, material, cutting condition, and cooling condition of the workpiece, and realize a highly accurate control.
According to the present embodiment, the head position control device M4 has a control mechanism for automatically controlling the position of the head, and therefore, the machining point can be aligned without manually adjusting the position of the head, and dry ice powder can be automatically, safely and accurately aligned with the cutting machining point to be sprayed during machining.
The cooling method comprises the following steps:
the dry ice powder generated by the cooling device is sprayed to the cutting part M1 to cool the machined part.
In the cooling method according to the present invention, the dry ice powder is locally sprayed to the cutting point, and the suitable range of the spraying width of the dry ice powder is 20mm or less, and the most suitable spraying range is 12mm or less.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned suitable spraying range, the spraying distance between the spray head 14 and the material to be processed is preferably 50 to 100mm, and the wide angle range of the dry ice powder sprayed from the spray head 14 is preferably 5 degrees or less. The range of the incidence angle of the dry ice powder to be sprayed to the workpiece is preferably 30 to 60 degrees, but the incidence angle of the dry ice powder may be arbitrarily set depending on the shape of the workpiece, and may be generally 10 to 170 degrees.
The preferable average particle size range of the dry ice blasting powder is 500 μm or less, and the more preferable average particle size range is 100 μm or less, but the most preferable range is 5 to 30 μm. By cooling the dry ice powder having an average particle diameter in this range, the dry ice particles can be more efficiently vaporized in the vicinity of the cutting processed portion M1.
The average particle size as used herein means a particle size of 50% of the total particle size distribution obtained by a laser interference imaging method or an image imaging method. The laser interference imaging method is a method in which particles are irradiated with laser light, interference fringes are obtained from scattered reflected light of the particles observed from a position other than a focal position, and the particle diameter is obtained from the number of the interference fringes.
The mass flow of the liquid carbon dioxide for generating the dry ice powder is preferably 50-250 g/min, and the most suitable range is 50-180 g/min. The mass flow rate value here is a value obtained by a mass flow meter (metal tube type area flow meter or coriolis mass flow meter) generally used for detecting a mass flow rate when a siphon type liquid carbon dioxide storage tank (bomb) (pressure of about 6MPa) is used.
The cooling method is suitable for metals which are difficult to process such as super hard alloy, super heat-resistant alloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, carbon steel and the like and nonferrous metals such as rare metals, high-purity metals, copper, tungsten and the like; cutting of resin materials such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics and glass fiber reinforced plastics.
As the cutting tool M2 used in the cooling method of the present invention, a diamond coating, cemented carbide, ceramic, サーメット (Cermet), CBn coating, or the like is suitably used. These cutting tools can extend the life and increase the cutting speed.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder cools the cut portion M1, the cooling medium can efficiently reach the periphery of the cut portion M1. Generally, air convection due to driving of the cutting tool M2, chips of a workpiece, and the like are present around the cutting portion M1 that needs to be cooled. When the cooling medium is a gas, the gas cooling medium is hindered by the air convection and chips of the workpiece, and therefore most of the cooling medium cannot reach the cooling point, resulting in low cooling efficiency. However, in the present invention, since the dry ice powder is solid and has a higher specific gravity than gas, it is less susceptible to air convection and cutting chips, and can easily reach a cooling point to achieve efficient cooling.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder cools the cut portion M1, the cut portion M1 can be cooled without condensation. When the cooling medium is a normal gas, the low-temperature gas cools the surrounding air at the same time, so that moisture in the air is condensed, dew is formed in the chip processing portion M1, and visibility around the chip processing portion M1 is deteriorated. However, in the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used and is sprayed to the cutting work portion M1 without being cooled to the surrounding air, dew condensation does not occur and the visibility of the cutting work portion M1 is excellent.
As described above, in the present invention, the blast gas supplied to the inside of the shower head 14 is utilized in two systems, one system of the blast gas as a propulsive force for pushing the dry ice powder, and the other system of the blast gas for isolating the dry ice powder from the blast gas mixture and the air without causing condensation of moisture in the air (0033); in addition to the air isolation, one of the two systems according to the present invention, which injects a gas, has an effect of preventing the cooling temperature from being propagated to the entire workpiece when the dry ice powder collides with the machining point, is gasified, and expands to rapidly cool the surface of the workpiece, and the rapidly cooled temperature is surrounded by a dry atmosphere in a small range of the machining point, so that condensation does not occur in the portion other than the machining point (0034). Therefore, the cooling method according to the present invention does not cause condensation of the cut portion M1 and the workpiece.
In addition, according to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cut portion M1, an inert gas atmosphere can be created around M1 without sealing the cut portion M1. The dry ice powder was sprayed to the cooled portion and rapidly vaporized, and an inert gas atmosphere was formed only around the cutting portion M1, and it was not necessary to seal the cutting processing portion with another device.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cut portion M1, it is not necessary to clean the workpiece after the machining. Since the dry ice powder that has reached the cutting part M1 is vaporized while being cooled, no residue remains on the surface of the workpiece, and therefore, a step of removing the cutting oil after the machining, which is performed by a general wet process, is not required. In addition, the cutting oil is not used, so the method is more environment-friendly.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cutting work portion M1, it is possible to perform cooling and cleaning simultaneously without cleaning the surface of the work material. For example, even if the workpiece has a deposit on its surface, the deposit is blown by dry ice powder and is rapidly cooled, and peeling occurs due to thermal shrinkage. The dry ice powder enters a gap where the deposit and the workpiece are separated, and is gasified and expanded, so that the deposit can be completely separated and removed. Therefore, the surface of the machined material after cutting does not need to be cleaned for the second time.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cut portion M1, it is possible to achieve simultaneous suppression of the first heat generation and the second heat generation. The dry ice powder as a cooling medium reaches the cutting part M1 and is cooled, so that heat (first heat generation) generated by friction between the workpiece and the cutting tool M2 can be suppressed. Further, since the dry ice powder is vaporized to form an inert gas atmosphere around the cutting part M1, the reaction heat (secondary heat generation) generated by the combustion oxidation reaction of the metal (chips, cutting tool M2, workpiece, etc.) can be suppressed. Thus, the first heat generation and the second heat generation can be simultaneously suppressed by using the dry ice powder as the cooling medium.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cutting processed portion M1, deterioration of the cutting tool M2 can be suppressed. Generally, the main cause of deterioration of the cutting tool M2 is oxidation reaction of metal. The present invention can suppress the oxidation reaction of the cutting tool M2 by creating an inert gas atmosphere around the cutting work portion M1. In addition, in general, the oxidation reaction of metal becomes stronger as the temperature increases, and as described above, the excellent cooling effect of the present invention can suppress heat generation, making it possible to suppress deterioration of the cutting tool.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cutting processed portion M1, the rotational speed (peripheral speed) of cutting can be provided. In general, an increase in the rotational speed (peripheral speed) causes a corresponding increase in the temperature of the cutting work portion, resulting in an extreme decrease in the life of the cutting tool M2. However, the cooling method of the present invention can suppress the temperature rise at the cutting point, and therefore can greatly increase the rotation speed and greatly shorten the machining time.
According to the present invention, since the dry ice powder is used to cool the cutting part M1, even when hard-to-machine materials such as cemented carbide and heat-resistant alloy are machined, deterioration of the cutting tool M2 is suppressed, and the life of the cutting tool is extended.
In the present invention, a device for expanding liquid carbon dioxide into dry ice powder is mainly shown. However, other devices for generating dry ice powder are also applicable to the present invention. For example, a device for crushing dry ice particles into dry ice powder or a device for cutting and spraying bulk dry ice may be applied to the present invention.
Although the cutting process is mainly described here, the present invention is applicable to all other processing methods in which heat generated by the processing affects the material to be processed. For example, laser processing, electron processing, plasma processing, and other optical energy processing are also applicable to the cooling method of the present invention.
< processing example 1>
A processing experiment was performed using the cooling apparatus according to example 1. The experimental device controls the flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide and the like, so that the sprayed dry ice particles are controlled to be 5-30 mu m. In this working example, the wear state of the cutting tool was compared by a method of cooling the cemented carbide by blowing air (experiment 1) and a method of cooling by spraying dry ice powder (experiment 2) under the cutting conditions shown in table 1, and the results are shown in table 2.
The average particle diameter of the dry ice powder used at this time is 5 to 30 μm, the range of the width of the dry ice powder sprayed to the workpiece is about 10mm, the spraying distance of the spray head is 50mm, the spraying angle is less than 5 degrees, and the incident angle of the dry ice powder to the workpiece is about 45 degrees.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As seen from table 2, the cutting tool was broken when the cutting distance reached 37.5m in experiment 1, compared to experiment 2 in which the cutting tool was not broken even when the cutting distance reached 37.5 m. The degree of wear of the tool when the machining distance in experiment 2 reached 37.5m was equivalent to that when the machining distance in experiment 1 reached 25 m. It follows that under the machining conditions of table 1, the cutting tool life was extended by about 1.5 times using dry ice powder and jet gas cooling (experiment 2) compared to air cooling (experiment 1).
In addition, in the cooling test using the dry ice powder and the blast gas, no condensation occurred around the processed portion.
< processing example 2>
A processing experiment was performed using the same apparatus as in processing example 1. In the above working example 1, since the dry ice powder and the blast gas cooling were used, it was concluded that the life of the cutting tool was extended. In this working example, the cemented carbide was cut under the cutting conditions shown in table 3, and the working distance was measured and compared by an air cooling method (experiment 3) and a dry ice powder plus jet gas cooling method (experiment 4) until the cutting tool was broken. The results are shown in Table 4.
The average particle diameter of the dry ice powder used at this time is 5 to 30 μm, the range of the width of the dry ice powder sprayed to the workpiece is about 10mm, the spraying distance of the spray head is 50mm, the spraying angle is less than 5 degrees, and the incident angle of the dry ice powder to the workpiece is about 45 degrees.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
From the results in table 4, it is seen that in experiment 3, when the working distance reached 11.75m, the working tool was broken. In contrast, when the working distances of experiment 4 and experiment 5 reached 21.15m and 28.2m, respectively, the working tool was broken. From this, it is understood that the cutting length of the cutting work by the cooling method of dry ice powder and jet gas is at least 2 times as long as the cutting length by the air cooling method. I.e., the cooling method of dry ice powder plus jet gas, extends the life of the cutting tool.
In addition, in the cooling test using dry ice powder and a jet gas, no condensation occurred around the processed portion.
< processing example 3>
A machining experiment was performed by using the same apparatus as in machining example 1, with the feed speed (speed of feeding り) being significantly increased. In this working example, the superalloy was cut with a ceramic milling cutter under the working conditions shown in table 5, and the material was cooled by a dry ice powder plus jet gas method under the cooling conditions shown in table 6 (experiment 6).
The average particle diameter of the dry ice powder used at this time is 5 to 30 μm, the range of the width of the dry ice powder sprayed to the workpiece is about 10mm, the spraying distance of the spray head is 50mm, the spraying angle is less than 5 degrees, and the incident angle of the dry ice powder to the workpiece is about 45 degrees.
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
| Experiment number | Cooling method | Flow rate of liquid carbon dioxide (g/min) | Jet gas flow (Mpa) | As a result, the |
| Experiment 6 | Dry ice powder plus jet gas | 110 | 0.32 | Is processed to finish |
As shown in Table 5, it can be seen from experiment 6 that the processing at the peripheral speed of 600m/min can be realized, and the peripheral speed can be increased to about 800 m/min. In general, when a super heat resistant alloy is machined by a super hard milling cutter, the peripheral speed is generally about 30m/min, and the durability of a cutting tool and the machining precision of a machined material can be guaranteed. However, the cooling method of the present invention can greatly increase the peripheral speed while ensuring the same degree of machining accuracy and cutting tool life. As can be seen from the above, the peripheral speed of cutting can be greatly increased by applying the cooling method of the present invention. The time for cutting can be greatly shortened.
Further, in experiment 6, the cutting tool used was an article of a ceramic material. Ceramic milling cutters, carbide milling cutters, and the like have not been widely used because of their brittleness and their inherent workability. However, applying the cooling method according to the present invention can not only improve the durability of the cutting tool, but also greatly increase the feed rate, thereby greatly shortening the machining time.
In addition, in the cooling test using the dry ice powder and the blast gas, no condensation occurred around the processed portion.
According to the present invention, dry ice powder is used as a cooling medium in cutting metal, so that an inert gas atmosphere can be formed around the cutting tool, and the heat generation and the oxidation reaction of the cutting tool can be suppressed, thereby significantly prolonging the life of the cutting tool.
Particularly, when the mass flow is 50-180 g/min, the effect of prolonging the service life of the cutting tool is more remarkable.
Further, according to the present invention, the cutting portion does not suffer from dew condensation.
In addition, according to the present invention, the machining peripheral speed can be significantly increased and the cutting time can be significantly shortened when the cutting is performed. Particularly, the cooling method related by the utility model is applied to cutting processing by a milling cutter made of ceramic materials, and the effect of improving the peripheral speed is extremely remarkable.
In addition, as a result of the experiment shown in the working example, the material to be worked was cemented carbide. The service life of the cutting tool is remarkably prolonged for other materials such as refractory metal materials such as super heat-resistant alloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, carbon steel and the like, nonferrous metals such as copper, tungsten, rare metals, high-purity metals and the like, resins such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics, glass fiber reinforced plastics and the like.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the utility model and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A dry ice powder spray type cooling device is characterized by comprising a spray unit (1) for spraying dry ice powder and a control unit (2) which is connected with the spray unit (1) through a data cable (3) and controls the action of the spray unit (1);
the spraying unit (1) is arranged near a cutting processing part (M1) of the cutting device (M), and comprises a first box body (1A), wherein a liquid carbon dioxide supply line (11), a spraying gas supply line (12), a circulation pipeline (13) and a spray head (14) are arranged in the first box body (1A);
the liquid carbon dioxide supply line (11) comprises a liquid carbon dioxide inlet (111), a gas filter screen (112), an electromagnetic valve (113) for controlling the circulation of carbon dioxide and a needle valve (114) for controlling the flow of liquid carbon dioxide;
the liquid carbon dioxide inlet (111) is connected to a liquid carbon dioxide supply source (T) or a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank;
the needle valve (114) is provided with a narrow part and a space for expansion;
the jet gas supply line (12) comprises a jet gas inlet (121), an electromagnetic valve (122) for controlling the circulation of jet gas, a pressure gauge (123), a heater (124), a filter screen (125) and a safety valve (126);
the injection gas introduction port (121) is connected to an injection gas supply source (G).
2. A cooling device of the dry ice powder blasting type according to claim 1, wherein the heater (124) comprises a thermometer (124a) and a temperature controller (124b), both of which are connected to the control unit (2) by a data cable (3).
3. A cooling device of dry ice powder blasting type according to claim 2, wherein the circulation duct (13) includes a liquid carbon dioxide circulation duct (13a) and a blasting gas circulation duct (13b), the liquid carbon dioxide circulation duct (13a) being inserted into the blasting gas circulation duct (13b), an upstream side of the liquid carbon dioxide circulation duct (13a) being connected to the liquid carbon dioxide supply line (11), an upstream side of the blasting gas circulation duct (13b) being connected to the blasting gas supply line (12), and downstream sides of both ducts being connected to the blasting head (14) at the same time.
4. A cooling device of the dry ice powder blasting type according to claim 3, wherein the blasting head (14) includes an outer tube (141), an inner tube (142), and a mixing portion (143);
the top of the outer pipe (141) is provided with a jet port (141a), the top of the inner pipe (142) is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide supply port (142a), and the mixing part is arranged between the jet port (141a) and the liquid carbon dioxide supply port (142 a);
the mixing section (143) is provided with a space and a narrow section for freely expanding the liquid carbon dioxide, and the space and the narrow section are provided in any part of the spray head (14), the flow pipe (13) or the liquid carbon dioxide supply line (11).
5. A cooling device of dry ice powder blasting type according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the liquid carbon dioxide supply line (11), the blasting gas supply line (12), the circulation pipe (13), and the shower head (14) are provided, respectively.
6. A dry ice powder spray type cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit (2) is connected to the spray unit (1) through a data cable (3), and the control unit (2) includes a heater control section (21) provided on the front surface of the second case (2A), an alarm (22), a control button (23) of a solenoid valve (113) that controls the circulation of carbon dioxide, a control button (24) of a solenoid valve (122) that controls the circulation of spray gas, an alarm stop button (25), a setting reset button (26), a main power supply (28), and an abnormal stop button (29).
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| CN202123406432.7U CN216759166U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Dry ice powder jet type cooling device |
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