CN216758009U - Upsetting tool for free forging press for large alloy steel ingot with ultrahigh diameter ratio - Google Patents
Upsetting tool for free forging press for large alloy steel ingot with ultrahigh diameter ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN216758009U CN216758009U CN202122719596.9U CN202122719596U CN216758009U CN 216758009 U CN216758009 U CN 216758009U CN 202122719596 U CN202122719596 U CN 202122719596U CN 216758009 U CN216758009 U CN 216758009U
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- upsetting
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an upsetting tool for an ultrahigh-diameter ratio large alloy steel ingot free forging press, wherein the upsetting tool is provided with a longitudinal through hole in the middle, the upper part of the outer wall is provided with a hoisting counter bore, and the longitudinal through hole is divided into three sections, and the upsetting tool comprises: the device comprises a first circular truncated cone at the bottom, a second circular truncated cone at the middle and a bell-mouth-shaped arc-shaped annular table at the upper part, wherein the first circular truncated cone and the second circular truncated cone are in circular truncated cone shapes. The utility model is used with the free forging press of large alloy steel ingot with super-high diameter ratio, solves the problems of instability or crack generation and segregation of high alloy steel ingot when the round steel ingot blank with the high diameter ratio more than 4.0 is upset, and obviously improves the mechanical property and the isotropy of the forging.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to an upsetting tool of a large free forging press, and particularly relates to an upsetting tool for an ultrahigh-diameter ratio large alloy steel ingot free forging press.
Background
Upsetting is a forging process that reduces the height of the slug and increases the cross-sectional area. In the production process of high alloy steel products, the upsetting-drawing combined forging process can effectively destroy as-cast dendrites, break carbides and uniformly distribute the carbides. The plastic deformation method lays a foundation for the performance of the final product, particularly the upsetting before drawing out, can reduce the anisotropy of the mechanical property of the forged piece and improve the radial mechanical property of the forged piece. The height-diameter ratio refers to the ratio of the height of a steel ingot before upsetting to the diameter of the steel ingot before upsetting, when the ratio of the height to the diameter of the round steel ingot is unreasonable in design, bending can occur during upsetting between flat anvils, deformation of the steel ingot is mainly concentrated at the upper end part and the lower end part, deformation of the middle part is small, double bulging at two ends can be formed after upsetting, and then folding defects are generated in the subsequent drawing process; when the height-diameter ratio is too large, the steel ingot is unstable during upsetting, and the steel ingot can hardly be upset without an auxiliary tool.
For large high alloy steel ingots, severe upsetting may also produce longitudinal cracks. At present, because the requirement on the quality of the high-alloy steel large-sized steel ingot is high, the height-diameter ratio of the steel ingot before upsetting is more than 4.0, and severe difficulty is brought to the subsequent forging forming.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide an upsetting tool for an ultrahigh diameter ratio large alloy steel ingot free forging press, which is matched with the ultrahigh diameter ratio large alloy steel ingot free forging press for use, solves the problems of instability or crack generation and segregation of a high alloy steel ingot when a round steel ingot blank with the high diameter ratio of more than 4.0 is upset, and obviously improves the mechanical property and the isotropy of a forged piece.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the upset frock of super high-radius ratio large-scale alloy steel ingot free forging press is provided with vertical through-hole at the middle part, is provided with the hoist and mount counter bore on outer wall upper portion, and vertical through-hole divide into the three-section, includes: the device comprises a first cone frustum at the bottom, a second cone frustum at the middle and a bell-mouthed arc-shaped annular table at the upper part, wherein the first cone frustum and the second cone frustum are cone frustum shapes.
Further, the wall taper α 1 of the first truncated cone is 1 ° to 3 °, and the wall taper α 2 of the second truncated cone is 10 ° to 15 °.
Further, the outer diameter D1 of the upsetting tool is (1.8 to 2.5) × D1, and D1 is the bottom diameter D1 of the first truncated cone.
Further, the height H1 of the longitudinal through hole is the height of the upsetting tool, the height H0 of the original steel ingot, and the height H1 is (1.6-2.5) H0.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1. the utility model is matched with a free forging press of a large alloy steel ingot with an ultrahigh diameter ratio, solves the problems of instability or crack generation and segregation of the high alloy steel ingot when a round steel ingot blank with the high diameter ratio of more than 4.0 is upset, and obviously improves the mechanical property and the isotropy of a forged piece.
The upsetting of the round billet steel ingot on the large-sized press with the height-diameter ratio of more than 4.0 is realized, the problem of instability or crack generation during upsetting is solved, the problem of segregation of the high-alloy steel ingot is solved, and the mechanical property and the isotropy of the forge piece are obviously improved.
2. The upsetting tool has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, strong universality, high flexibility, strong operability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an upsetting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the present invention employing an upset tool for upset in a barrel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention for performing outside barrel upset;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blank after upsetting is completed in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description fully illustrates the specific embodiments of the utility model so as to enable one skilled in the art to practice and reproduce the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, it is a schematic structural view of an upsetting tool of the present invention.
The upset frock is provided with vertical through-hole 1 at the middle part, is provided with hoist and mount counter bore 2 on outer wall upper portion, and vertical through-hole 1 divides into the three-section, includes: a first cone frustum at the bottom, a second cone frustum at the middle part and an arc-shaped annular platform in a bell mouth shape at the upper part. The first cone frustum and the second cone frustum are cone frustum shapes, and the arc-shaped annular surface frustum is enclosed by an arc-shaped annular surface.
The wall taper alpha 1 of the first cone frustum is 1-3 degrees, and the alpha 1 is convenient for drawing the steel ingot after upsetting. The wall taper alpha 2 of the second cone frustum is 10-15 degrees, alpha 2 is convenient for the steel ingot deformation surface to contact with the conical surface, normal component force is generated during upsetting, metal in the steel ingot is prevented from flowing in the radial direction, and the metal is promoted to flow in the axial direction, so that the blank at the inner end and the outer end of the longitudinal through hole 1 is prevented from forming a step difference to form a double drum, and further folding is formed.
The longitudinal through hole 1 is designed according to the original diameter and height of the steel ingot so as to determine the volume and the shape of the longitudinal through hole 1; and determining the volume of the longitudinal through hole 1 according to the volume of the steel ingot to be rolled, and distributing the proportion of the steel ingot to be upset inside and outside the upsetting tool.
And a hoisting counter bore 2 is arranged on the outer wall of the upsetting tool, and the height from the hoisting counter bore 2 to the top end of the upsetting tool is H2.
The steps of determining the volume and shape of the longitudinal through hole 1 are as follows:
1. determining the bottom diameter and the top diameter of the first conical frustum according to the original diameter and the height of the steel ingot;
the bottom diameter D1 of the first cone frustum is calculated according to an empirical formula, and D1 is the original diameter D0 x [1+ thermal expansion rate (1.5-2%) ] + oxide scale thickness (5-8 mm) + the gap (3-5 mm) between the steel ingot and the longitudinal through hole 1.
After the ingot is full of h1 (height of the first truncated cone) when the ingot is upset, the diameter d2 (the top diameter of the first truncated cone and the bottom diameter of the second truncated cone) at h1 can keep the gap of the ingot in the longitudinal through hole 1 reasonable. Continuously upsetting and filling the upsetting tool, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the blank is required to be kept between 2.0 and 2.5 all the time; h1 is estimated, and d2, d2 is determined to be 2h1 tg alpha 1+ d1, and the upsetting condition is met:
less than or equal to 2.5, and ensures that the steel ingot is not unstable in the upsetting process. The height h1 of the first truncated cone is determined according to the bottom diameter d1, α 1 of the first truncated cone.
The top diameter d3 of the second cone frustum and the height of the second cone frustum are determined according to the bottom diameter d2 of the second cone frustum and the wall surface taper alpha 2 of the second cone frustum.
The height of the arc ring surface is as follows: the height H1 of the longitudinal through hole 1, the height H1 of the first cone frustum and the height of the second cone frustum are equal, and the radius of the arc-shaped ring surface is R1.
2. Determining the height H1 of the longitudinal through hole 1 according to the original steel ingot height H0 of the steel ingot;
the height H1 of the longitudinal through hole 1 is the height of the upsetting tool, the height H0 of the original steel ingot, H1 (1.6-2.5) H0, and the coefficients are generally averaged, so that the proportion of the steel ingot in the longitudinal through hole 1 and outside the longitudinal through hole 1 before upsetting and after upsetting is properly distributed.
3. The outer diameter of the upsetting tool and the height of the upset blank are determined according to the bottom diameter d1 of the first cone frustum.
The maximum outer diameter dimension D1 of the upsetting tool is D1 (1.8-2.5) D1, and D1 and D1 ensure the strength of the upsetting tool and the distance between the upset blank and the end face is about 150-250 mm.
The use method of the upsetting tool comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the present invention is a schematic view of upsetting in a barrel using an upsetting tool.
Step 1: the hoisting equipment is hooked on the hoisting counter bore 2, the upsetting tool is placed on the upsetting platform 4, the heated steel ingot is placed in the longitudinal through hole 1, and the flat anvil 3 extrudes the steel ingot to perform in-cylinder upsetting;
the height-diameter ratio of the blank is always kept between 2.0 and 2.5 during upsetting in the cylinder, and the problems of bending and instability of steel ingots are solved. The upper end of the steel ingot becomes thick transversely, the outer diameter of the deformed bottom end is d1, and the diameter of the upper end is larger than that of the lower end.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the upsetting performed outside the barrel in the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blank after upsetting is completed in the present invention.
Step 2: and taking out the ingot blank subjected to upsetting in the cylinder, heating, turning the upper end and the lower end by 180 degrees (the large end is downward, one side of the small end is positioned at the upper part), upsetting outside the cylinder on the upsetting platform 4, upsetting to form a single-drum-shaped blank, and upsetting the steel ingot with the height-diameter ratio of more than 4.0.
And the diameter ratio of the blank is kept between 2.0 and 2.5 by upsetting outside the cylinder, so that the problems of bending and instability of the steel ingot are solved, and the total deformation of the steel ingot can be improved. Through the steps, the upsetting of the steel ingot with the height-diameter ratio larger than 4.0 is completed by the upsetting tool.
Example 1
The original diameter D0 of the steel ingot (high alloy steel round steel) is 600mm, the height H0 is 2400mm, and the height-diameter ratio n is 2400/600 is 4.0.
1. Designing an upsetting tool according to the original diameter and height of the steel ingot, and designing the distribution proportion of the steel ingot after upsetting of the inner barrel and the outer barrel of the distribution upsetting tool.
The upsetting tool is designed into a cylindrical inner cone structure, alpha 2 is 15 degrees, a deformation surface of a steel ingot is in contact with a conical surface of the longitudinal through hole 1, normal component force is generated during upsetting, metal in the steel ingot is prevented from flowing in the radial direction, and the metal is promoted to flow in the axial direction, so that the inner end of the longitudinal through hole 1 and an outer end blank are prevented from forming step difference, a double drum is formed, and folding is further formed.
D1 (original diameter of steel ingot D0 x [1+ thermal expansion rate (1.5-2%) ] + oxide scale thickness (5 mm-8 mm) + gap between steel ingot and longitudinal through hole 1 (3 mm-5 mm): 600mm (1+ 2%) +8mm +5 mm-625 mm.
After the steel ingot is full of h1 height during upsetting, the diameter d2 at h1 can keep the steel ingot in the upsetting tool with reasonable clearance. Continuously upsetting, filling the upsetting tool, keeping the height-diameter ratio of the blank to be 2.0-2.5 all the time, and when h1 is 800mm, keeping d2 to be 2h1 tg alpha 1+ d1 to be 800mm tg2 DEG +625mm to be 680mm, meeting the upsetting condition:
ensuring that the steel ingot is not unstable in the upsetting process.
The total height H1 of the upsetting tool is H1 (1.6-2.0) D0, H1 (1.8) 600mm (1095 mm), and H1 is about 1100 mm.
Maximum outer diameter dimension D0 of upsetting tool, D0 ═ 1.8 to 2.5
D1 is 2.15 mm 1290mm, and D0 is about 1300mm in height, so that the strength of the upsetting tool is ensured.
2. Placing an upsetting tool on an upsetting platform 4, placing the heated steel ingot into a longitudinal through hole 1, extruding the steel ingot by a flat anvil 3, and upsetting in a cylinder;
upsetting in the cylinder enables the height-diameter ratio of the blank to be kept between 2.0 and 2.5 during upsetting.
3. And heating the upset ingot blank, turning the upper end and the lower end of the upset ingot blank by 180 degrees, upsetting the outer part of the ingot blank on the platform 4 until the upset ingot blank forms a single-drum-shaped ingot blank, and keeping the height-diameter ratio of the ingot blank between 2.0 and 2.5, thereby completing the upsetting of the steel ingot with the height-diameter ratio of more than 4.0, eliminating the problems of bending and instability of the steel ingot and improving the total deformation of the steel ingot.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an ultra high-radius ratio large-scale alloy steel ingot free forging press is with jumping-up frock which characterized in that, jumping-up frock is provided with vertical through-hole at the middle part, is provided with the hoist and mount counter bore on outer wall upper portion, and vertical through-hole divide into the three-section, includes: the device comprises a first cone frustum at the bottom, a second cone frustum at the middle and a bell-mouthed arc-shaped annular table at the upper part, wherein the first cone frustum and the second cone frustum are cone frustum shapes.
2. An upsetting tool for a free forging press of a large alloy steel ingot with an ultra-high diameter ratio as recited in claim 1, wherein the wall taper α 1 of the first truncated cone is 1 ° to 3 °, and the wall taper α 2 of the second truncated cone is 10 ° to 15 °.
3. An upsetting tool for a free forging press of a large alloy ingot with an ultra-high diameter ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upsetting tool has an outer diameter D1 (1.8-2.5) × D1, and D1 is the bottom diameter D1 of the first truncated cone.
4. The upsetting tool for the free forging press of the large-size alloy steel ingot with the ultrahigh diameter ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein the height H1 of the longitudinal through hole is the height of the upsetting tool, and the height H0 and H1 are (1.6-2.5) H0 of the original steel ingot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122719596.9U CN216758009U (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Upsetting tool for free forging press for large alloy steel ingot with ultrahigh diameter ratio |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122719596.9U CN216758009U (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Upsetting tool for free forging press for large alloy steel ingot with ultrahigh diameter ratio |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216758009U true CN216758009U (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122719596.9U Active CN216758009U (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Upsetting tool for free forging press for large alloy steel ingot with ultrahigh diameter ratio |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN216758009U (en) |
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- 2021-11-08 CN CN202122719596.9U patent/CN216758009U/en active Active
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