CN2167368Y - Compensator for polarography - Google Patents
Compensator for polarography Download PDFInfo
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- CN2167368Y CN2167368Y CN 93207233 CN93207233U CN2167368Y CN 2167368 Y CN2167368 Y CN 2167368Y CN 93207233 CN93207233 CN 93207233 CN 93207233 U CN93207233 U CN 93207233U CN 2167368 Y CN2167368 Y CN 2167368Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a compensator for polarograph, which overcomes the defect of relative big detecting errors which are caused by that the existing polarographs only have zero compensation and slope compensation. The compensator is composed of an adder and an index amplifier. An integrated operational amplifier is adopted by the adder, scanning voltage is inputted into an inverting input terminal through a resistance, an adjustable voltage is inputted into the inverting input terminal through the resistance, and a feedback resistance is an adjustable resistance. The output terminal of the adder is connected with the input terminal of the index amplifier, and the output signals of the index amplifier are added with the output signals of working electrode current, and the output signals of the working electrode current are converted through current and voltage. The utility model is used for polarograph and can compensate the interferences of Hg and H < + > and can improve detecting precision.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of compensator that is used for polarograph, definite a kind of compensator that polarograph carries out curve compensation that is used for of saying so.
Polarograph is the important instrument of Zn in the test water, Cd, Pb, Cu equal size, and polarograph model commonly used at present mainly contains AD-2 type, SDP-1 type.These polarographs mainly are made up of linear ramp generator, starting potential regulator, final voltage regulator, potentiostat, electrolytic cell, current-voltage switching amplifier, zero compensation device, gradient compensation device, totalizer, differential operational amplifier, registering instrument or display etc.When Polarographic anode dissolving-out analysis method was surveyed in the water Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu plasma, owing to adopt the Hg electrode as working electrode, the stripping of Hg made near the baseline curvature, the inclination that stop current potential.And stripping position and the Hg of Cu are nearer, so Hg has obvious interference to the stripping peak of Cu, often make the Cu peak can't observe or produce bigger measuring error.In addition, under solutions of weak acidity, H
+Or O
2Interference to Zn stripping peak also has similar problem.Present polarograph has only zero compensation (comprising initial compensation) and gradient compensation two classes to the compensation of spectrogram, measuring-signal baseline behind process zero compensation and gradient compensation under the sensitivity condition with higher as shown in Figure 1, remain a curve, this curve is general similar to index curve.Come compensated curve with straight line in the past, attended to one thing and lose sight of another, and still can't resolve buckling problem.The analyst reflects that generally to the mensuration of Cu, especially the mensuration of the Cu in the seawater is done very difficulty.
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is, design a kind of polarograph compensator, it can produce the curve compensation signal relevant with scanning voltage, and can carry out relative adjustment to the curvature of compensated curve and the position of voltage coordinate X, so as to provide one within the specific limits with interference curve (or the H of Hg
+Interference curve) shape is close, but the opposite compensated curve of phase place makes through the measuring-signal baseline of over-compensation comparatively straight within the specific limits.
One of technical solution of the present utility model is, the polarograph compensator, and its special character is that it has:
Export anti-phase exponential amplifier 2, its input signal Vi and output signal Vo are formula Vo=-a
ViExponential relationship, a is a constant.Its input end is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1, the output signal addition after the current-voltage conversion of the output signal Vo of its output terminal H and working electrode electric current.
Two of technical solution of the present utility model is, the polarograph compensator, and its special character is that it has:
The exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion, its input signal Vi ' and output signal Vo ' are formula Vo '=b
-Vi 'Exponential relationship, b is a constant.Its input end is connected with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3, the output signal Vo ' of its output terminal I and the output signal addition of working electrode electric current after the current-voltage conversion.
Three of technical solution of the present utility model is, the polarograph compensator, and its special character is that it has:
Export anti-phase exponential amplifier 2, its input signal Vi and output signal Vo are formula Vo=-a
ViExponential relationship, a is a constant.Its input end is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1, the output signal addition after the current-voltage conversion of the output signal Vo of its output terminal H and the working electrode electric current of electrolytic cell.
The exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion, its input signal Vi ' and output signal Vo ' are formula Vo '=b
-Vi 'Exponential relationship, b is a constant.Its input end is connected with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3, the output signal Vo ' of its output terminal I and the output signal addition of working electrode electric current after the current-voltage conversion.
In above-mentioned three kinds of technical solutions, totalizer 1 is identical with the structure of totalizer 3.Scanning voltage is by the integrated operational amplifier A 1 of resistance R 1 input, by the integrated operational amplifier A 3 of resistance R 7 inputs.Export the scanning voltage X that output signal Vo ' and the M point of the exponential amplifier 4 of the output signal Vo of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion export and be formula Vo=-a
N(-x+m)And Vo '=b
nThe exponential relationship of ' (x+m '), a, b are constant in the formula.Their functional picture as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Change the voltage of resistance R 2 and resistance R 6 one ends, m in the change formula respectively and m ' carry out position, the left and right sides to image and move.Regulate adjustable resistance R3 and adjustable resistance R8, n in the change formula respectively and n ' regulate the curvature of image.Export the output signal Vo and the Vo ' of the exponential amplifier 4 of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion, can be with output signal, zero compensation signal and the gradient compensation signal after the working electrode electric current of electrolytic cell is changed through current-voltage, by totalizer 11 additions, composite signal can directly be imported registering instrument or display.Composite signal is imported registering instrument or display after also can importing differential operational amplifier 15 differentiates again.Export the output signal Vo of exponential amplifier 4 of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion and the inverting input that Vo ' can also import differential operational amplifier 15, derivative to measured signal directly compensates, measured signal input registering instrument or display after the compensation.As shown in Figure 1, closely similar through measuring-signal baseline and index curve behind zero compensation and the gradient compensation.The part on the right is H among Fig. 1
+Interference curve, left-hand component is the interference curve of Hg.By changing m and n(or m ' and n ') can obtain one within the specific limits with interference curve (or the H of Hg
+Interference curve) shape is close, but the opposite compensated curve of phase place makes the measuring-signal baseline after the addition comparatively straight within the specific limits.Two of one of technical solution and technical solution is respectively applied for interference curve and the H of compensation Hg
+Interference curve, three of technical solution can compensate interference curve and the H of Hg simultaneously
+Interference curve.In addition, the experiment proved that for not removing O
2Test solution O
2Overcome at about-1.2 the also available curve compensation of influence to-0.6V.
The utility model has the advantages that, after installing the utility model additional on the polarograph,, make between the flat region of measuring-signal baseline obviously to broaden, do not reduce 3-5 doubly when the detection lower limit of Cu can be added curve compensation through index curve compensation.Adopt hanging mercury electrode, enrichment 3 minutes, the detection lower limit of Cu can reach 3ppb, the linear relationship of concentration and peak height also be improved significantly.In the solution of PH3.5～6, the similar effects with Cu has also been received in the measurement of Zn, detecting lower limit can reach below the 3ppb.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the process zero compensation of polarograph and the measuring-signal baseline behind the gradient compensation.
The function curve that Fig. 2 changes with scanning voltage X for the output signal of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier 2.
Fig. 3 is the function curve that the output signal of the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion changes with scanning voltage X.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit block diagram that polarograph of the present utility model is installed.
Fig. 5 is a kind of circuit diagram that polarograph of the present utility model is installed.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are the circuit diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are the circuit diagram of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
Figure 10, Figure 11 are the circuit diagram of embodiment 3 of the present utility model.
Figure 12, Figure 13 are the circuit diagram of embodiment 4 of the present utility model.
Such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, linear ramp generator 5 is an integral operation amplifier, and it is made up of integrated operational amplifier A15, change-over switch K1-1, capacitor C1, resistance R 25, resistance R 26, resistance R 27, resistance R 28, resistance R 29 and resistance R 30. K1-1 is used for anode-cathode scanning conversion, and resistance R 25 to resistance R 29 is used for selecting sweep speed. Starting voltage adjuster 6 is an adder, and it is made up of adjustable resistance R32, resistance R 33, resistance R 34, resistance R 31, resistance R 35 and integrated operational amplifier A16. Adjustable resistance R32 two ends are connected to positive-negative power, are used for selecting starting voltage. Final voltage adjuster 7 is made up of resistance R 37, adjustable resistance R38, resistance R 39, change-over switch K1-2, diode D3, diode D4 and integrated operational amplifier A19. One end of resistance R 37 and an end of resistance R 39 are connected to respectively positive-negative power, and they and adjustable resistance R38 one are used from the adjusting final voltage. Change-over switch K1-2 and change-over switch K1-1 interlock for when anode-cathode scanning is changed, are selected diode D3 and diode D4. Potentiostat 8 is made up of integrated operational amplifier A17, integrated operational amplifier A18 and resistance R 36. Integrated Operational amplifier A 17 is connected into-voltage follower, and its output signal X sends into recorder or display. The output of integrated operational amplifier A18 is connected with the auxiliary electrode C of electrolytic cell by change-over switch K3, and an end of resistance R 36 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A18, and the other end of resistance R 36 is connected with the reference electrode e of electrolytic cell. Current-voltage switching amplifier 10 is made up of resistance R 39, resistance R 40, resistance R 41, resistance R 42, resistance R 43, adjustable resistance R44, change-over switch K4 and integrated operational amplifier A20. The inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A20 is connected with the working electrode d of electrolytic cell by change-over switch K2-1, and change-over switch K4 is used for selecting multiplication factor, and the two ends of adjustable resistance R44 are connected with positive-negative power. Regulate adjustable resistance R44, integrated operational amplifier A20 is not being had in the situation of input current, output voltage is zero. Zero compensation device 12 is made up of resistance R 48, resistance R 49, adjustable resistance R50 and resistance R 51, and the end that an end of resistance R 49 is connected with resistance R is connected with positive-negative power respectively. Gradient compensation device 13 is made up of resistance R 54, resistance R 55, adjustable resistance R56. Adder 11 is made up of resistance R 45, resistance R 46, resistance R 47, change-over switch K5 and integrated operational amplifier A21, and change-over switch K5 is used for selecting multiplication factor. The output signal of integrated operational amplifier A21 is sent into recorder or display. Differential operational amplifier 15 is made up of resistance R 57, resistance R 58, resistance R 59, resistance R 60, adjustable resistance R61, resistance R 62, capacitor C2 and integrated operational amplifier A23. The two ends of adjustable resistance R61 are connected to positive-negative power, are used for integrated operational amplifier A23 zeroing. The output signal of integrated operational amplifier A23 is sent into recorder or display. Positive reversed phase converter 14 is made up of resistance R 52, resistance R 53, K switch 6, change-over switch K2-2 and integrated operational amplifier A22. Resistance R 52 equates with resistance R 53 resistances. Change-over switch K2-2 and change-over switch K2-1 Interlock. The output signal of the output M of integrated operational amplifier A17 is to have determined the linear ramp X of starting voltage and final voltage. Adder 1 is made up of resistance R 1, resistance R 2, adjustable resistance R3 and integrated operational amplifier A1. One end of resistance R 1 is connected with the output M of integrated operational amplifier A17, and the other end of resistance R 1 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A1. The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A1. The two ends of adjustable resistance R3 are connected with output N with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A1 respectively. One end of resistance R 2 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A1. The other end of resistance R 2 is connected with the sliding end of adjustable resistance R64. The stiff end of adjustable resistance R64 is connected with negative supply, and another stiff end of adjustable resistance R64 is connected with resistance R 63, and the other end of resistance R 63 is connected with positive supply. Regulate the voltage that adjustable resistance R64 can change resistance R 2 one ends. Adder 3 is made up of resistance R 7, resistance R 6, adjustable resistance R8 and integrated operational amplifier A3, and its component parameters is identical with adder 1 with annexation. One end of resistance R 7 is connected with the output M of integrated operational amplifier A17, and the other end of resistance R 7 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A3. The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A3. The two ends of adjustable resistance R8 are connected with output G with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A3 respectively. One end of resistance R 6 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A3, and the other end of resistance R 6 is connected with the sliding end of adjustable resistance R66. The stiff end of adjustable resistance R66 is connected with negative supply, and another stiff end of adjustable resistance R66 is connected with resistance R 65, and the other end of resistance R 65 is connected with positive supply. Regulate the voltage that adjustable resistance R66 can change resistance R 6 one ends. The input of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 is connected with the output N of integrated operational amplifier A1, and the output H that exports anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 is logical Crossing resistance R 5 is connected with the end h of change-over switch K2-2. The input of the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion is connected with the output G of integrated operational amplifier A3, and the output I of the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion is connected with the end h of change-over switch K2-2 by resistance R 10. The output signal Vo and the Vo ' that export the exponential amplifier 4 of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion pass through respectively resistance R 5 and resistance R 10, send into change-over switch K2-2, send into again the output signal addition of adder 11 and integrated operational amplifier A20 through positive reversed phase converter 14. The output signal of integrated operational amplifier A20 is the output signal of electric current after the current-voltage conversion of the working electrode d of electrolytic cell 9.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 6, the anti-phase exponent arithmetic amplifier 2 of output is made up of diode D1, resistance R 4 and integrated operational amplifier A2.The positive pole of diode D1 is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1, and the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A2.The two ends of resistance R 4 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A2 respectively.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A2.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A2 is the output terminal H of the anti-phase exponent arithmetic amplifier 2 of output.
As shown in Figure 7, the exponent arithmetic amplifier 4 of input inversion is made up of diode D2, resistance R 9 and integrated operational amplifier A4.The negative pole of diode D2 is connected with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3, and the positive pole of diode D2 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A4.The two ends of resistance R 9 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A4 respectively.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A4.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A4 is the output terminal I of the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 8, the anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 of output is made up of NPN type triode T1, resistance R 11 and integrated operational amplifier A5.The base stage of triode T1 is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1 with collector, and the emitter of triode T1 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A5.The two ends of resistance R 11 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A5 respectively.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A5.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A5 is the output terminal H of the anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 of output.
As shown in Figure 9, the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion is made up of NPN type triode T2, resistance R 12 and integrated operational amplifier A6.The emitter of triode T2 is connected with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3, and the base stage of triode T2 is connected with the inverting input of collector with integrated operational amplifier A6.The two ends of resistance R 12 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A6 respectively.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A6.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A6 is the output terminal I of the anti-phase exponential amplifier 4 of output.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 10, the structure of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 is, an end of resistance R 13 is connected with positive supply, and the other end of resistance R 13 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A7.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A7.The collector of triode T3 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A7, the base earth of triode T3, and the emitter of the emitter of triode T3 and triode T4 is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A7.The base stage of triode T4 is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1, and the collector of triode T4 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A8.Triode T3 and triode T4 all adopt NPN type triode.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A8.The two ends of resistance R 14 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A8 respectively.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A8 is connected with an end of resistance R 15, and the other end of resistance R 15 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A9.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A9.The two ends of resistance R 16 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A9 respectively.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A9 is the output terminal H of the anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 of output.
As shown in figure 11, the structure of the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion is, an end of resistance R 17 is connected with positive supply, and the other end of resistance R 17 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A10.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A10.The collector of triode T5 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A10, the base earth of triode T5, and the emitter of the emitter of triode T5 and triode T6 is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A10.One end of resistance R 19 is connected with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3, and the other end of resistance R 19 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A12.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A12.The two ends of resistance R 20 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A12 respectively.The base stage of triode T6 is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A12, and the collector of triode T6 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A11.Triode T5 and triode T6 all adopt NPN type triode.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A11.The two ends of resistance R 18 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A11 respectively, and the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A11 is the output terminal I of the exponent arithmetic amplifier 4 of input inversion.
The exponential amplifier 2 that the output of present embodiment is anti-phase and the exponential amplifier 4 of input inversion all adopt two triodes, can carry out temperature compensation.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in figure 12, the structure of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier 4 is, an end of resistance R 21 is connected with the output terminal N of integrated operational amplifier A1, and the other end of resistance R 21 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A13.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A13.The two ends of resistance R 22 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A13 respectively.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A13 is connected with No. 16 pins of integrated circuit U1, and integrated circuit U1 adopts ICL8049.No. 10 pins of integrated circuit U1 are connected with an end of resistance R 23, and the other end of resistance R 23 is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A14.The positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier A14.The two ends of resistance R 24 are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier A14 respectively.The output terminal of integrated operational amplifier A14 is the output terminal H of the anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 of output.
As shown in figure 13, the exponential amplifier 4 usefulness integrated circuit U2 of input inversion form, and it adopts ICL8049, and its No. 16 pins are connected the output terminal I of the exponential amplifier 4 that its No. 10 pins are input inversion with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier A3.
In above-mentioned 4 kinds of embodiment,, just can only the interference curve of Hg be compensated if remove the exponential amplifier 4 of totalizer 3 and input inversion.If remove totalizer 1 and the anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 of output, just can only compensate H
+Interference curve or O
2Part disturb.If the exponential amplifier 4 of totalizer 1, anti-phase exponential amplifier 2, totalizer 3 and the input inversion of output is usefulness all, then can compensate interference curve and the H of Hg simultaneously
+Interference curve or O
2Part disturb.
During use,, at first open K switch 6, make 2 disconnections of i, j as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5.Switch K2-2 is got to the g point, at this moment, 2 connections of h, g, 2 connections of the k of K2-1, l.Requirement according to the anode leaching installs the electrolytic cell system, will open linear ramp generator 5 beginning output scanning voltages continue the contacting of a device J after a period of time again.Because K switch 6 is opened, the output signal of exporting the exponential amplifier 4 of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion can not input summer 11 and the output signal addition of working electrode d through integrated operational amplifier A20 conversion.At this moment, show on registering instrument or the display that the Hg that has behind a process zero compensation and the gradient compensation disturbs and H
+The curve that disturbs, as shown in Figure 1.Then, the K6 that closes a switch makes 2 connections of i, j.Switch K2-2 is got to the f point, at this moment, 2 disconnections of k, l, 2 disconnections of h, g, 2 connections of h, f.Because 2 disconnections of k, l, the output signal of working electrode d can not enter totalizer 11 additions after integrated operational amplifier A20 conversion, the output signal of exporting the exponential amplifier 4 of anti-phase exponential amplifier 2 and input inversion enters totalizer 11 after positive reversed phase converter 14 conversions, to behind the contacting of device J, open again, repeat voltage scanning, regulate adjustable resistance R3, adjustable resistance R64 and adjustable resistance R8, adjustable resistance R66, make and demonstrate an interference curve and a H with Hg on registering instrument or the display
+The akin curve of interference curve.Again K2-2 is got to the g point, 2 connections of the k of K2-1, l, carry out the voltage scanning of anode leaching this moment again, just can obtain the signal Y ' or the derivative signal Y of measured signal and curve compensation signal plus at the output terminal of the output terminal of totalizer 11 or differentiator 12 " because Hg interference or H in curve compensation signal and the measured signal
+Disturbing (is O sometimes
2The part of disturbing) signal inversion is similar, so can obtain comparatively smooth baseline after the two addition.
Claims (11)
1, the polarograph compensator is characterized in that, it has:
A, totalizer (1), it is by resistance＜R1 〉, resistance＜R2, adjustable resistance＜R3 and integrated operational amplifier＜A1 form, resistance＜R1〉an end and scanning voltage output terminal＜M be connected, resistance＜R1〉the other end and integrated operational amplifier＜A1 inverting input be connected, resistance＜R2〉other end voltage adjustable, integrated operational amplifier＜A1〉positive input end grounding, adjustable resistance＜R3〉two ends respectively with integrated operational amplifier＜A1 inverting input and output terminal＜N be connected;
B, anti-phase exponential amplifier＜2 of output 〉, its input signal Vi and output signal Vo are formula Vo=-a
ViExponential relationship, a is a constant, its input end and integrated operational amplifier＜A1〉output terminal＜N be connected its output terminal＜H output signal Vo and the output signal addition of working electrode electric current after current-voltage conversion.
2, the polarograph compensator is characterized in that, it has:
A, totalizer (3), it is by resistance (R7), resistance (R6), adjustable resistance (R8) and integrated operational amplifier (A3) are formed, one end of resistance (R7) is connected with linear ramp output terminal (M), the other end of resistance (R7) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3), one end of resistance (R6) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the other end voltage of resistance (R6) is adjustable, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the two ends of adjustable resistance (R8) are connected with output terminal (G) with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3) respectively;
The exponential amplifier of b, input inversion (4), its input signal Vi ' and output signal Vo ' are formula Vo '=b
-Vi 'Exponential relationship, b is a constant, its input end is connected with the output terminal (G) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the output signal addition after the current-voltage conversion of the output signal Vo ' of its output terminal (I) and working electrode electric current.
3, the polarograph compensator is characterized in that, it has:
A, totalizer (1), it is by resistance (R1), resistance (R2), adjustable resistance (R3) and integrated operational amplifier (A1) are formed, one end of resistance (R1) is connected with scanning voltage output terminal (M), the other end of resistance (R1) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A1), one end of resistance (R2) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A1), the other end voltage of resistance (R2) is adjustable, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A1), the two ends of adjustable resistance (R3) are connected with output terminal (N) with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A1) respectively;
B, the anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) of output, its input signal Vi and output signal Vo are formula Vo=-a
ViExponential relationship, a is a constant, its input end is connected with the output terminal (N) of integrated operational amplifier (A1), the output signal addition after current-voltage conversion of the output signal Vo of its output terminal H and the working electrode electric current of electrolytic cell;
C, totalizer (3), it is by resistance (R7), resistance (R6), adjustable resistance (R8) and integrated operational amplifier (A3) are formed, one end of resistance (R7) is connected with scanning voltage output terminal (M), the other end of resistance (R7) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3), one end of resistance (R6) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the other end voltage of resistance (R6) is adjustable, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the two ends of adjustable resistance (R8) are connected with output terminal (G) with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A3) respectively;
The exponential amplifier of d, input inversion (4), its input signal Vi ' and output signal Vo ' are formula Vo '=b
-Vi 'Exponential relationship, b is a constant, its input end is connected with the output terminal (G) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the output signal addition after the current-voltage conversion of the output signal Vo ' of its output terminal (I) and working electrode electric current.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, export anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) by diode (D1), resistance (R4) and integrated operational amplifier (A2) are formed, the positive pole of diode (D1) is connected with the output terminal (N) of integrated operational amplifier (A1), the negative pole of diode (D1) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A2), the two ends of resistance (R4) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A2) respectively, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A2), the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A2) is the output terminal (H) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) of output.
5, according to claim 2 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the exponential amplifier of input inversion (4) is by diode (D2), resistance (R9) and integrated operational amplifier (A4) are formed, the negative pole of diode (D2) is connected with the output terminal (G) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the positive pole of diode (D2) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A4), the two ends of resistance (R9) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A4) respectively, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A4), the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A4) is the output terminal (I) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (4) of output.
6, according to claim 1 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, export anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) by NPN type triode (T1), resistance (R11) and integrated operational amplifier (A5) are formed, the base stage of triode (T1) is connected with the output terminal (N) of integrated operational amplifier (A1) with collector, the emitter of triode (T1) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A5), the two ends of resistance (R11) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A5) respectively, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A5), the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A5) is the output terminal (H) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) of output.
7, according to claim 2 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the exponential amplifier of input inversion (4) is by NPN type triode (T2), resistance (R12) and integrated operational amplifier (A6) are formed, the emitter of triode (T2) is connected with the output terminal (G) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the base stage of triode (T2) is connected with the inverting input of collector with integrated operational amplifier (A6), the two ends of resistance (R12) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A6) respectively, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A6), the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A6) is the output terminal (I) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (4) of output.
8, according to claim 1 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the structure of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) is, one end of resistance (R13) is connected with positive supply, the other end of resistance (R13) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A7), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A7), the collector of triode (T3) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A7), the base earth of triode (T3), the emitter of the emitter of triode (T3) and triode (T4) is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A7), the base stage of triode (T4) is connected with the output terminal (N) of integrated operational amplifier (A1), the collector of triode (T4) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A8), triode (T3) and triode (T4) all adopt NPN type triode, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A8), the two ends of resistance (R14) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A8) respectively, the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A8) is connected with an end of resistance (R15), the other end of resistance (R15) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A9), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A9), the two ends of resistance (R16) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A9) respectively, and the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A9) is the output terminal (H) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) of output.
9, according to claim 2 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the structure of the exponential amplifier of input inversion (4) is, one end of resistance (R17) is connected with positive supply, the other end of resistance (R17) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A10), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A10), the collector of triode (T5) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A10), the base earth of triode (T5), the emitter of the emitter of triode (T5) and triode (T6) is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A10), one end of resistance (R19) is connected with the output terminal (G) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the other end of resistance (R19) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A12), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A12), the two ends of resistance (R20) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A12) respectively, the base stage of triode (T6) is connected with the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A12), the collector of triode (T6) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A11), triode (T5) and triode (T6) all adopt NPN type triode, the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A11), the two ends of resistance (R18) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A11) respectively, and the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A11) is the output terminal (I) of the exponent arithmetic amplifier (4) of input inversion.
10, according to claim 1 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the structure of exporting anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) is, one end of resistance (R21) is connected with the output terminal (N) of integrated operational amplifier (A3), the other end of resistance (R21) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A13), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A13), the two ends of resistance (R22) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A13) respectively, the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A13) is connected with No. 16 pins of integrated circuit (U1), integrated circuit (U1) adopts ICL8049, No. 10 pins of integrated circuit (U1) are connected with an end of resistance (R23), the other end of resistance (R23) is connected with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A14), the positive input end grounding of integrated operational amplifier (A14), the two ends of resistance (R24) are connected with output terminal with the inverting input of integrated operational amplifier (A14) respectively, and the output terminal of integrated operational amplifier (A14) is the output terminal (H) of the anti-phase exponential amplifier (2) of output.
11, according to claim 2 or 3 described polarograph compensators, it is characterized in that, the exponential amplifier of input inversion (4) is formed with integrated circuit (U2), it adopts ICL8049, its No. 16 pins are connected the output terminal (I) of the exponential amplifier (4) that its No. 10 pins are input inversion with the output terminal G of integrated operational amplifier (A1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93207233 CN2167368Y (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1993-03-26 | Compensator for polarography |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93207233 CN2167368Y (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1993-03-26 | Compensator for polarography |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2167368Y true CN2167368Y (en) | 1994-06-01 |
Family
ID=33790014
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93207233 Expired - Fee Related CN2167368Y (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1993-03-26 | Compensator for polarography |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2167368Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102931937A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 昆山北极光电子科技有限公司 | Hardware fitting method of exponential decay curve |
| CN103095235A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-08 | 天津大学 | Mixer based on exponential amplifier |
| CN103630597A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 | Spectral line processing method for 15-point optimized polarogram |
| CN107807706A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 宁波大学 | A kind of online ohm voltage drop pre-compensates for quick scanning circuit |
-
1993
- 1993-03-26 CN CN 93207233 patent/CN2167368Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102931937A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 昆山北极光电子科技有限公司 | Hardware fitting method of exponential decay curve |
| CN103095235A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-08 | 天津大学 | Mixer based on exponential amplifier |
| CN103095235B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-03-09 | 天津大学 | A kind of frequency mixer based on exponential amplifier |
| CN103630597A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 | Spectral line processing method for 15-point optimized polarogram |
| CN107807706A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 宁波大学 | A kind of online ohm voltage drop pre-compensates for quick scanning circuit |
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