CN216695777U - Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device - Google Patents

Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216695777U
CN216695777U CN202123098152.4U CN202123098152U CN216695777U CN 216695777 U CN216695777 U CN 216695777U CN 202123098152 U CN202123098152 U CN 202123098152U CN 216695777 U CN216695777 U CN 216695777U
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hydraulic oil
hydraulic
model
annular
arc
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CN202123098152.4U
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Inventor
朱志岗
侯克鹏
程涌
杨八九
孙振国
孙晨涛
余国强
包广拓
赵宇龙
孙悦航
赵乾平
杨柳云
葛春毅
彭杰
褚占杰
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Yunnan Yarong Mining Technology Co ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Yunnan Yarong Mining Technology Co ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202123098152.4U priority Critical patent/CN216695777U/en
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of similar simulation test equipment. The device comprises a hydraulic compacting device, a model box body and a laser calibration device, wherein the hydraulic compacting device comprises a hydraulic pressurizing device and a compacting component, the hydraulic pressurizing device is fixedly arranged at the top of the model box body, the compacting component is arranged on the side surface of a shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device through a rotating shaft, materials are laid at the bottom of the model box body, and the laser calibration device is adsorbed on the inner side wall of the model box body. According to the utility model, the hydraulic driving compaction component of the hydraulic pressurizing device is utilized to apply external loads in a preset direction and a preset magnitude to the similar material loose bodies to form a similar model conforming to a test scheme, so that the deviation caused by human factors in the process of stacking the physical similar model is effectively reduced, the uncertainty of the similar model is reduced, and the reliability of a test result is improved; directional and quantitative external loads can be applied to the model boundary in the excavation process to simulate the ground stress.

Description

Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device, and belongs to the technical field of laboratory devices.
Background
In the field of similar simulation tests, the compactness of a model material has obvious influence on the strength of a test model, the consistency of the material strength representing the same rock mass and the difference of the material strength representing different rock masses play an important role in the reliability of test results, and the model test with smaller similarity is influenced particularly. When the current experimental model of piling up, the quality of the material that a two-dimensional model needs is at hundreds of kilograms to several tons, and three-dimensional model is higher reaches several tons, often needs many people to cooperate the completion. In the process, the portions with the same strength in the test model may cause certain errors due to manual operations, and the portions with different strengths may change their corresponding relationships due to deviations of manual compaction. Such errors affect the test results, and adversely affect the movement range of the rock mass and the evaluation of the engineering stability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device aiming at the problem of model building in a similar simulation test, and the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device utilizes a hydraulic drive compaction component of a hydraulic pressurizing device to apply external loads in a preset direction and a preset magnitude to a similar material loose body so as to form a similar model conforming to a test scheme, so that the deviation caused by human factors in the process of building a physical similar model can be effectively reduced, the uncertainty of the material strength of the similar model is reduced, and the reliability of a test result is improved; and directional and quantitative external loads can be applied in the excavation process to simulate the ground stress field.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device comprises a hydraulic compacting device, a model box body and a laser calibration device 7,
the hydraulic compacting device comprises a hydraulic pressurizing device 1 and a compacting component, wherein the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is fixedly arranged at the top of the model box body, the compacting component is arranged on the side surface of a shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 through a hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2, materials are obliquely or horizontally laid at the bottom of the model box body, and a laser calibration device 7 is arranged on the inner side wall of the model box body in an adsorbing manner;
the compacting component comprises a positioning arm 12, a hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13, a pressurizing arm 14 and a pressurizing plate 15, the top end of the positioning arm 12 is arranged on the side surface of a shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 through the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 2, the tail end of the positioning arm 12 is connected with the pressurizing arm 14 through the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13, the pressurizing plate 15 is arranged at the tail end of the pressurizing arm 14, the pressurizing arm 14 is vertical to the upper surface of a material, and the pressurizing plate 15 is in parallel contact with the upper surface of the material;
the pressurizing arm of the hydraulic driving compacting component of the hydraulic pressurizing device is utilized to push the pressurizing plate to apply external loads with preset directions and preset magnitudes to the similar material loose bodies so as to form a similar model conforming to a test scheme;
according to the thickness and the inclination angle required by the experimental scheme, materials are laid in layers and are strickled off to form a loose layer 16, a pressurizing plate is pushed by a pressurizing arm to extrude and compact the materials to form a compacted material layer 8, and a plurality of compacted material layers 8 form a layered rock body model 10;
the positioning arm 12 is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 and the hydraulic directional rotating shaft 13 are annular hydraulic cylinders, the pressurizing arm 14 is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II, and the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is respectively communicated with hydraulic oil cavities of the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the annular hydraulic cylinder and the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II through hydraulic oil pipes 11;
the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 comprises an annular shaft shell A3, a bearing A, an arc-shaped piston IA and an arc-shaped piston IIA, wherein the annular shaft shell A3 is fixedly arranged on the bearing A, the arc-shaped piston IA is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of an annular shaft shell A3, the arc-shaped piston IIA is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell A3, a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc-shaped piston IA and the arc-shaped piston IIA is a hydraulic oil cabin IA and a hydraulic oil cabin IIA, the hydraulic oil cabin IA is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIA is an anticlockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIA is provided with a hydraulic oil A hole, the hydraulic oil cabin I is provided with a hydraulic oil B hole A, a hydraulic pressure device is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil A hole A and the hydraulic oil B hole A through hydraulic oil pipes, a horizontal calibration circular pipe IA is arranged between the bearing A and the annular hydraulic oil cavity, and the horizontal calibration circular pipe IA is filled with water, the upper surface of water is located on the diameter of a horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IA, a sliding groove A is formed in the annular shaft shell A3 along the circumferential direction, the arc length of the outer edge of the circular arc piston IIA is larger than that of the sliding groove A, the top end of a positioning arm penetrates through the sliding groove A to be fixedly connected with the outer edge of the circular arc piston IIA, the central axis of the positioning arm and the symmetry axis of the circular arc piston IIA are located on the same diameter of the annular hydraulic oil cavity, and an angle identification scale A is arranged on the central axis of the circular arc piston IIA;
the hydraulic directional rotating shaft 13 comprises an annular shaft shell B30, a bearing B32, an arc piston IB28 and an arc piston IIB35, the annular shaft shell B30 is fixedly arranged on the bearing B32, the arc piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, the arc piston IIB35 is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc piston IB28 and the arc piston IIB35 is a hydraulic oil cabin IB31 and a hydraulic oil cabin IIB36, the hydraulic oil cabin IB31 is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIB36 is a counterclockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin 36 is provided with a hydraulic oil hole IIB 27, the hydraulic oil IB 6 is provided with a hydraulic oil B29, the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil hole IIB 27 and a hydraulic oil B29 through a hydraulic oil pipe 11, a horizontal circular ring IB 6855 is arranged between the bearing B32 and the annular ring IB 6474, and a horizontal ring water is filled in the circular ring 33, the upper surface of water is positioned on the diameter of a horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IB33, a sliding groove is formed in the annular shaft shell B30 along the circumferential direction, the arc length of the outer edge of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 is larger than that of the sliding groove, the starting end of a pressurizing arm 14 penetrates through the sliding groove and is fixedly connected with the outer edge of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35, the central axis of the pressurizing arm 14 and the symmetric axis of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 are positioned on the same diameter of an annular hydraulic oil cavity, and an angle identification scale B34 is arranged on the central axis of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB 35;
the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 and the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 13 have the same structure and the same rotation principle, and can realize braking;
hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 enters a hydraulic oil bin IIB36, namely a counterclockwise hydraulic oil bin, through a hydraulic oil pipe 11 and a hydraulic oil first hole B27, and as the circular-arc-shaped piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 pushes the circular-arc-shaped piston IIB35 to rotate counterclockwise around the bearing B32 in the annular hydraulic oil cavity, so that the pressurizing arm 14 is driven to rotate counterclockwise around the bearing B32; hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 enters a hydraulic oil bin IB31, namely a clockwise hydraulic oil bin, through a hydraulic oil pipe 11 and a hydraulic oil hole B29, and as the circular-arc-shaped piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft housing B30, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IB31 pushes the circular-arc-shaped piston IIB35 to rotate clockwise around the bearing B32 in the annular hydraulic oil cavity, so that the pressurizing arm 14 is driven to rotate clockwise around the bearing B32;
the rotating angle of the pressurizing arm 14 around the bearing B32 is adjusted through the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IB31 and the hydraulic oil bin IIB 36;
because the arc length of the outer edge of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 is greater than that of the sliding chute, the sliding chute can be always sealed by the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 in a rotating mode, and leakage of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 or the hydraulic oil bin IB31 is avoided;
preferably, rubber sealing plugs are fixedly arranged at two ends of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 to prevent hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 or the hydraulic oil bin IB31 from leaking along the edge of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB 35;
the pressurizing plate is vertically connected with the pressurizing arm, the plate surface is rectangular, the rigidity of the pressurizing plate is enough to ensure that the pressurizing plate is not deformed in the pressurizing process, and the compacted material layer is parallel and level;
the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13 can be provided in plurality to realize large-angle rotation of the pressurizing arm 14 around the bearing B32; a group of horizontally arranged positioning arms and hydraulic directional rotating shafts can be added between the positioning arms and the pressurizing arms at the same time, and the three-dimensional model stacking device can be used for stacking three-dimensional models;
the laser calibration device 7 comprises an electromagnetic base 21, a support plate 20 and a laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 and the laser emitter 26 are arranged, the electromagnetic base 21 is arranged on the inner side wall of the model box body in an adsorbing mode, the supporting plate 20 is fixedly arranged on the electromagnetic base 21, the supporting plate 20 is perpendicular to the inner side wall of the model box body, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the supporting plate 20, an annular sleeve is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the laser emitter 26, the annular sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft, the laser angle dial 19 and the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 are both fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 20, the laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, the horizontal calibration circular tube II25 is located on the outer side of the laser angle dial 19, scale lines 24 are uniformly arranged on the laser angle dial 19, and an angle indicating line 23 is arranged at the end of the laser emitter 26; the angle indicating line 23 is in the same straight line with the laser emitted by the laser emitter 26 and is used for marking the laser direction;
the laser emitter 26 can rotate around the rotating shaft for 0-360 degrees and can automatically hover;
the minimum division value of the laser angle dial 19 is 1 degree, the laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe II25 and the angle indicating line 23 are matched to set the angle of the laser emitter 26 for emitting laser;
when a laser angle is set, firstly, the water surface offset angle in the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe II25 is determined, and the laser transmitter is rotated according to the angle required by the experimental scheme until the included angle between the laser angle setting indication scale and the water surface meets the experimental requirement;
a position identification line 22 is arranged on the electromagnetic base 21; the position marking line 22 can assist the electromagnetic base 21 in position calibration during adsorption; the electromagnetic base 21 is a commercially available product; preferably, the position identification line 22 is located on the central line of the side surface of the electromagnetic base 21 and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the electromagnetic base 21;
the model box body comprises a model support 9, a template 18 and a support plate 4, the support plate 4 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the model support 9, the hydraulic pressure device 1 is fixedly arranged on the support plate 4, and the template 18 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the model support 9;
the model support 9 can be made of steel structure, the bottom of the model support 9 is in contact with the ground and can be fixed through a stable support structure so as to ensure that the model does not overturn, and the side surface of the model support 9 is fixedly connected with the template 18;
a reinforcing plate 6 is arranged on the side surface of the top end of the model support 9, and the top surface of the reinforcing plate 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the support plate 4;
the template 18 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw I17, the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected with the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw II5, and the reinforcing plate 6 is respectively and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the supporting plate 4 and the side surface of the top end of the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw II 5.
The use method of the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device comprises the following specific steps:
1) drawing the position of the laser calibration device on the model support according to the thickness and the inclination angle of the compacted material layer required by the experimental scheme;
2) aligning the laser angle calibration position scale to the position, and opening a power switch of the electromagnetic base to enable the laser calibration device to be adsorbed on the side face of the model bracket;
3) rotating the laser transmitter to a preset angle, and turning on a power supply of the laser transmitter;
4) uniformly laying similar materials on a model according to the inclination angle and the thickness of an experimental test plan, wherein the laying thickness is larger than the layering thickness;
5) adjusting the rotation angle of the positioning arm and introducing hydraulic oil to extend the positioning arm, adjusting the pressurizing arm to rotate to a preset angle around the bearing through the amount of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin I and the hydraulic oil bin II so that the pressurizing plate is perpendicular to the loose material layer, and enabling the pressurizing plate to be close to the loose material layer;
6) hydraulic oil is introduced to extend the pressurizing arm, and loose materials are compacted by using preset pressure;
7) and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 6) until all the materials are layered and compacted, and finishing model building.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the utility model, the hydraulic driving compaction member of the hydraulic pressurization device is utilized to apply external loads in a preset direction and a preset magnitude to the similar material loose bodies to form a similar model conforming to a test scheme, so that the deviation caused by human factors in the process of stacking a physical similar model can be effectively reduced, the uncertainty of the similar model is reduced, and the reliability of a test result is improved; directional and quantitative external loads can be applied in the excavation process to simulate the ground stress;
(2) the utility model has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, simple use method, convenient assembly and disassembly, flexible operation and the like.
(3) A group of horizontally arranged positioning arms and hydraulic orientation rotating shafts are added between the positioning arms and the pressurizing arms, and the three-dimensional model stacking machine can be used for stacking three-dimensional models.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (front view) of a mechanical arm type compaction forming device for a similar material model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (in plan view) of a mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hydraulic directional rotating shaft;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser calibration device;
in the figure: 1-hydraulic pressure device, 2-hydraulic pressure location rotating shaft, 3-annular shaft shell A, 4-supporting plate, 5-fastening screw II, 6-reinforcing plate, 7-laser calibration device, 8-compacted material layer, 9-model bracket, 10-layered rock model, 11-hydraulic oil pipe, 12-positioning arm, 13-hydraulic pressure orientation rotating shaft, 14-pressurizing arm, 15-pressurizing plate, 16-loose material layer, 17-fastening screw I, 18-template, 19-laser angle dial, 20-supporting plate, 21-electromagnetic base, 22-position marking line, 23-angle indication line, 24-scale line, 25-horizontal calibration circular pipe II, 26-laser emitter, 27-hydraulic oil hole A B, 27-hydraulic oil hole B, 28-circular arc piston IB, 29-hydraulic oil hole B, 30-annular shaft shell B, 31-hydraulic oil bin IB, 32-bearing B, 33-horizontal calibration circular ring tube IB, 34-marking scale B, 35-circular arc piston IIB, 36-hydraulic oil bin IIB.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in FIGS. 1-2, a mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device comprises a hydraulic compacting device, a model box body and a laser calibration device 7,
the hydraulic compacting device comprises a hydraulic pressurizing device 1 and a compacting component, wherein the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is fixedly arranged at the top of the model box body, the compacting component is arranged on the side surface of a shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 through a hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2, materials are obliquely or horizontally laid at the bottom of the model box body, and a laser calibration device 7 is arranged on the inner side wall of the model box body in an adsorbing manner;
the compacting component comprises a positioning arm 12, a hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13, a pressurizing arm 14 and a pressurizing plate 15, the top end of the positioning arm 12 is arranged on the side surface of the shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 through the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 2, the tail end of the positioning arm 12 is connected with the pressurizing arm 14 through the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13, the pressurizing plate 15 is arranged at the tail end of the pressurizing arm 14, the pressurizing arm 14 is vertical to the upper surface of the material, and the pressurizing plate 15 is in parallel contact with the upper surface of the material;
the positioning arm 12 is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 and the hydraulic directional rotating shaft 13 are annular hydraulic cylinders, the pressurizing arm 14 is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II, and the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is respectively communicated with hydraulic oil cavities of the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the annular hydraulic cylinder and the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II through hydraulic oil pipes 11;
the pressurizing arm of the hydraulic driving compacting component of the hydraulic pressurizing device is utilized to push the pressurizing plate to apply external loads with preset directions and preset magnitudes to the similar material loose bodies so as to form a similar model conforming to a test scheme;
according to the thickness and the inclination angle required by the experimental scheme, materials are laid in layers and are strickled off to form a loose layer 16, a pressurizing plate is pushed by a pressurizing arm to extrude and compact the materials to form a compacted material layer 8, and the laminated rock body model 10 is formed by a plurality of compacted material layers 8.
Example 2: the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device of the embodiment is basically the same as the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: as shown in figure 3 of the drawings,
the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 comprises an annular shaft shell A3, a bearing A, an arc-shaped piston IA and an arc-shaped piston IIA, wherein the annular shaft shell A3 is fixedly arranged on the bearing A, the arc-shaped piston IA is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of an annular shaft shell A3, the arc-shaped piston IIA is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell A3, a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc-shaped piston IA and the arc-shaped piston IIA is a hydraulic oil bin IA and a hydraulic oil bin IIA, the hydraulic oil bin IA is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil bin, the hydraulic oil bin IIA is an anticlockwise driving hydraulic oil bin, a hydraulic oil A hole A is formed in the hydraulic oil bin IIA, a hydraulic oil B hole A is formed in the hydraulic oil bin I, a hydraulic pressure device is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil A hole A and the hydraulic oil B hole A through a hydraulic oil pipe, a horizontal calibration circular pipe IA is arranged between the bearing A and the annular hydraulic oil cavity, and the horizontal calibration circular pipe IA is filled with water, the upper surface of water is located on the diameter of a horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IA, a sliding groove A is formed in the annular shaft shell A3 along the circumferential direction, the arc length of the outer edge of the circular arc piston IIA is larger than that of the sliding groove A, the top end of a positioning arm penetrates through the sliding groove A to be fixedly connected with the outer edge of the circular arc piston IIA, the central axis of the positioning arm and the symmetry axis of the circular arc piston IIA are located on the same diameter of the annular hydraulic oil cavity, and an angle identification scale A is arranged on the central axis of the circular arc piston IIA;
the hydraulic directional rotating shaft 13 comprises an annular shaft shell B30, a bearing B32, an arc piston IB28 and an arc piston IIB35, the annular shaft shell B30 is fixedly arranged on a bearing B32, the arc piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, the arc piston IIB35 is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc piston IB28 and the arc piston IIB35 is a hydraulic oil cabin IB 93 31 and a hydraulic oil cabin IIB 38752, the hydraulic oil cabin IB31 is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIB36 is a counterclockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin 36 is provided with a hydraulic oil first hole B27, the hydraulic oil cabin IB 6 is provided with a hydraulic oil second hole B29, the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil first hole B27 and the hydraulic oil second hole B29 through a hydraulic oil pipe IIB 11, a horizontal calibrating pipe IB33 is arranged between the bearing B32 and the annular hydraulic oil pipe IB33, and the horizontal calibrating water is filled in the annular ring B33, the upper surface of water is positioned on the diameter of a horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IB33, a sliding groove is formed in the annular shaft shell B30 along the circumferential direction, the arc length of the outer edge of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 is larger than that of the sliding groove, the starting end of a pressurizing arm 14 penetrates through the sliding groove and is fixedly connected with the outer edge of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35, the central axis of the pressurizing arm 14 and the symmetric axis of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 are positioned on the same diameter of an annular hydraulic oil cavity, and an angle identification scale B34 is arranged on the central axis of a circular arc-shaped piston IIB 35;
the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 2 and the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft 13 have the same structure and the same rotation principle, and can realize braking;
hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 enters a hydraulic oil bin IIB36, namely a counterclockwise hydraulic oil bin, through a hydraulic oil pipe 11 and a hydraulic oil first hole B27, and as the circular-arc-shaped piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B30, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 pushes the circular-arc-shaped piston IIB35 to rotate counterclockwise around the bearing B32 in the annular hydraulic oil cavity, so that the pressurizing arm 14 is driven to rotate counterclockwise around the bearing B32; hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressurizing device 1 enters a hydraulic oil bin IB31, namely a clockwise hydraulic oil bin, through a hydraulic oil pipe 11 and a hydraulic oil hole B29, and as the circular-arc-shaped piston IB28 is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft housing B30, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IB31 pushes the circular-arc-shaped piston IIB35 to rotate clockwise around the bearing B32 in the annular hydraulic oil cavity, so that the pressurizing arm 14 is driven to rotate clockwise around the bearing B32;
the rotating angle of the pressurizing arm 14 around the bearing B32 is adjusted through the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IB31 and the hydraulic oil bin IIB 36;
because the arc length of the outer edge of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 is greater than that of the sliding chute, the sliding chute can be always sealed by the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 in a rotating mode, and leakage of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 or the hydraulic oil bin IB31 is avoided;
rubber sealing plugs are fixedly arranged at two ends of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB35 to prevent hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin IIB36 or the hydraulic oil bin IB31 from leaking along the edge of the circular arc-shaped piston IIB 35;
the pressurizing plate is vertically connected with the pressurizing arm, the plate surface is rectangular, the rigidity of the pressurizing plate is enough to ensure that the pressurizing plate is not deformed in the pressurizing process, and the compacted material layer is parallel and level;
the hydraulic orientation rotating shaft 13 can be provided in plurality to realize large-angle rotation of the pressurizing arm 14 around the bearing B32; and a group of horizontally arranged positioning arms and hydraulic directional rotating shafts can be added between the positioning arms and the pressurizing arms at the same time, so that the three-dimensional model stacking device can be used for stacking three-dimensional models.
Example 3: the mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of the embodiment is basically the same as the mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of the embodiment 2, and the difference is that: as shown in figure 4 of the drawings,
the laser calibration device 7 comprises an electromagnetic base 21, a support plate 20 and a laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 and the laser emitter 26 are arranged, the electromagnetic base 21 is arranged on the inner side wall of the model box body in an adsorbing mode, the supporting plate 20 is fixedly arranged on the electromagnetic base 21, the supporting plate 20 is perpendicular to the inner side wall of the model box body, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the supporting plate 20, an annular sleeve is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the laser emitter 26, the annular sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft, the laser angle dial 19 and the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 are both fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 20, the laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II25 and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, the horizontal calibration circular tube II25 is located on the outer side of the laser angle dial 19, scale lines 24 are uniformly arranged on the laser angle dial 19, and an angle indicating line 23 is arranged at the end of the laser emitter 26; the angle indicating line 23 is in the same straight line with the laser emitted by the laser emitter 26 and is used for marking the laser direction;
the laser emitter 26 can rotate around the rotating shaft for 0-360 degrees and can automatically hover;
the minimum division value of the laser angle dial 19 is 1 degree, the laser angle dial 19, the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe II25 and the angle indicating line 23 are matched with each other to measure the angle of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 26;
when the laser angle is set, firstly, the water surface offset angle in the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe II25 is determined, and the laser transmitter is rotated according to the angle required by the experimental scheme until the included angle between the laser angle setting indication scale and the water surface meets the experimental requirement;
a position identification line 22 is arranged on the electromagnetic base 21; the position marking line 22 can assist the electromagnetic base 21 in position calibration during adsorption; the electromagnetic base 21 is a commercially available product; preferably, the position identification line 22 is located on the central line of the side surface of the electromagnetic base 21 and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the electromagnetic base 21;
the use method of the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device comprises the following specific steps:
1) drawing the position of the laser calibration device on the model support according to the thickness and the inclination angle of the compacted material layer required by the experimental scheme;
2) aligning the laser angle calibration position scale to the position, and opening a power switch of the electromagnetic base to enable the laser calibration device to be adsorbed on the side face of the model bracket;
3) rotating the laser transmitter to a preset angle, and turning on a power supply of the laser transmitter;
4) uniformly laying similar materials on a model according to the inclination angle and the thickness of an experimental test plan, wherein the laying thickness is larger than the layering thickness;
5) adjusting the rotation angle of the positioning arm and introducing hydraulic oil to extend the positioning arm, adjusting the pressurizing arm to rotate to a preset angle around the bearing through the amount of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil bin I and the hydraulic oil bin II so that the pressurizing plate is perpendicular to the loose material layer, and enabling the pressurizing plate to be close to the loose material layer;
6) hydraulic oil is introduced to extend the pressurizing arm, and loose materials are compacted by using preset pressure;
7) and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 6) until all the materials are layered and compacted, and finishing the piling model.
Example 4: the mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of the embodiment is basically the same as the mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of the embodiment 3, and the difference is that: the model box body comprises a model support 9, a template 18 and a support plate 4, the support plate 4 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the model support 9, the hydraulic pressure device 1 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the support plate 4, and the template 18 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the model support 9;
the model support 9 can be made of steel structure, the bottom of the model support 9 is in contact with the ground, and the side surface of the model support 9 is fixedly connected with the template 18;
a reinforcing plate 6 is arranged on the side surface of the top end of the model bracket 9, and the top surface of the reinforcing plate 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the support plate 4;
the template 18 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw I17, the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected with the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw II5, and the reinforcing plate 6 is respectively fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the supporting plate 4 and the side surface of the top end of the model bracket 9 through a fastening screw II 5;
the use method of the mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device comprises the following specific steps:
1) selecting test range according to prototype of research object, determining geometric similarity ratio C1；
2) According to the proportioning test, determining the density and strength of the material, and selecting the volume-weight similarity ratio CY；
3) Determining stress similarity ratio C according to geometric similarity ratio and volume-weight similarity ratios，Cs＝Cl×Cγ；
4) Selecting the material ratio meeting the similar conditions and the corresponding loading pressure, P, according to the stress similarity ratioi；
5) Determining the single-layer laying thickness H of model materials representing different lithologies according to the requirements of the test schemeiAnd the angle of inclination alphaiDrawing the corresponding points P on the side and bottom of the model supportOi；
6) Stirring similar materials evenly according to the test scheme and the proportion;
7) aligning the laser angle calibration position scale to a point POiTurning on a power switch of the electromagnetic base to enable the laser calibration device to be adsorbed on the side wall of the model support, and installing a plurality of laser calibration devices on the bottom surface or other side surfaces of the model support if necessary;
8) observing the water level in the circular ring tube II which is horizontally calibrated on the laser calibration device, and recording the reading alpha of the water level on the laser angle dialwlIn general, alphawl0 °; when the model support is tilted left, alphawl>0; when the model support is rightwards inclined, alphawl<0；
9) According to alphawlAnd alphaiCalculating the laser angle alphali，αli＝αi-αwl；
10) Rotating the laser transmitter to a laser angle of alphaliTurning on a power supply of the laser transmitter;
11) uniformly stirred similar materials are subjected to the inclination angle alpha required by the experimental test schemeiUniformly laid on the model, and the laying thickness is larger than the layering thickness Hi；
12) The rotation angle of the positioning arm is adjusted and braked to avoid the rotation of the positioning arm in the compaction process;
13) starting a hydraulic oil pump corresponding to the positioning arm, and extending or contracting the positioning arm to enable the pressurizing plate to be close to the loose material layer;
14) if the pressurizing plate can not be close to the loose material layer by one-time adjustment, repeating the steps 12) and 13 until the pressurizing plate is close to the loose material layer;
15) observing the liquid level in the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe I on the hydraulic directional rotating shaft, and recording the reading number alpha on the scale mark of the corresponding angle of the liquid levelb；
16) Starting the hydraulic oil pump corresponding to the hydraulic directional rotating shaft, rotating the pressurizing arm, observing the direction mark scale of the hydraulic directional rotating shaft, and when the included angle between the index and the liquid level is equal to alphaiWhen the rotation is stopped;
17) starting a hydraulic oil cylinder corresponding to the pressurizing arm, and extending the pressurizing arm;
18) observing the indication of the hydraulic oil pump pressure sensor corresponding to the pressure arm, using the predetermined pressure PiCompacting the loose materials; the hydraulic oil pump corresponding to the pressure arm can be controlled through a prefabricated program, and when the sensor detects that the oil pressure in the oil pump or the hydraulic oil cylinder reaches PiWhen the pressure is not increased, the pressure is automatically stopped;
and repeating the processes 7) -18) until all the materials of the model are laminated and compacted, thus finishing the stacking model.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a similar material model of arm formula compaction forming device which characterized in that: comprises a hydraulic compacting device, a model box body and a laser calibration device (7),
the hydraulic compaction device comprises a hydraulic pressurization device (1) and a compaction component, wherein the hydraulic pressurization device (1) is fixedly arranged at the top of the model box body, the compaction component is arranged on the side surface of a shell of the hydraulic pressurization device (1) through a hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (2), a material is obliquely or horizontally laid at the bottom of the model box body, and the laser calibration device (7) is adsorbed on the inner side wall of the model box body.
2. The mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of claim 1, wherein: the compacting component comprises a positioning arm (12), a hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (13), a pressurizing arm (14) and a pressurizing plate (15), the top end of the positioning arm (12) is arranged on the side face of a shell of the hydraulic pressurizing device (1) through the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (2), the tail end of the positioning arm (12) is connected with the pressurizing arm (14) through the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (13), the pressurizing plate (15) is arranged at the tail end of the pressurizing arm (14), the pressurizing arm (14) is perpendicular to the upper surface of a material, and the pressurizing plate (15) is in parallel contact with the upper surface of the material.
3. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 2, wherein: the positioning arm (12) is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (2) and the hydraulic directional rotating shaft (13) are annular hydraulic cylinders, the pressurizing arm (14) is a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II, and the hydraulic pressurizing device (1) is respectively communicated with hydraulic oil cavities of the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder I, the annular hydraulic cylinder and the cylindrical hydraulic cylinder II through hydraulic oil pipes (11).
4. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 3, wherein: the hydraulic positioning rotating shaft (2) comprises an annular shaft shell A (3), a bearing A, an arc-shaped piston IA and an arc-shaped piston IIA, wherein the annular shaft shell A (3) is fixedly arranged on the bearing A, the arc-shaped piston IA is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell A (3), the arc-shaped piston IIA is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell A (3), a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc-shaped piston IA and the arc-shaped piston IIA is a hydraulic oil cabin IA and a hydraulic oil cabin IIA, the hydraulic oil cabin IA is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIA is an anticlockwise driving hydraulic oil cabin, the hydraulic oil cabin IIA is provided with a hydraulic oil A hole, the hydraulic oil cabin I is provided with a hydraulic oil B hole A, a hydraulic pressure device is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil A hole A and the hydraulic oil B hole A through a hydraulic oil pipe, a horizontal calibration pipe IA is arranged between the bearing A and the annular hydraulic oil cavity, horizontal demarcation ring pipe IA intussuseption is filled with water, the upper surface of water is located the diameter that the ring pipe IA was markd to the level, spout A has been seted up along circumference on annular axle shell A (3), convex piston IIA is greater than spout A's arc length along the arc length outward, spout A and convex piston IIA's outer fixed connection along is passed on the top of registration arm, the axis of registration arm and convex piston IIA's symmetry axis are located the same diameter of annular hydraulic pressure oil pocket, be provided with angle identification scale A on convex piston IIA's the center axis.
5. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 3, wherein: the hydraulic directional rotating shaft (13) comprises an annular shaft shell B (30), a bearing B (32), an arc-shaped piston IB (28) and an arc-shaped piston IIB (35), the annular shaft shell B (30) is fixedly arranged on the bearing B (32), the arc-shaped piston IB (28) is fixedly arranged in an annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B (30), the arc-shaped piston IIB (35) is slidably arranged in the annular hydraulic oil cavity of the annular shaft shell B (30), a hydraulic oil cavity between the arc-shaped piston IB (28) and the arc-shaped piston IIB (35) is composed of a hydraulic oil bin IB (31) and a hydraulic oil bin IIB (36), the hydraulic oil bin IB (31) is a clockwise driving hydraulic oil bin, the hydraulic oil bin IIB (36) is a counterclockwise driving hydraulic oil bin, the hydraulic oil bin IIB (36) is provided with a hydraulic oil first hole B (27), the hydraulic oil bin IB (31) is provided with a hydraulic oil second hole B (29), and the hydraulic oil pressurizing device (1) is respectively connected with the first hole B (27) and the hydraulic oil second hole B (11) through hydraulic oil The hole B (29) is communicated, a horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IB (33) is arranged between the bearing B (32) and the annular hydraulic oil cavity, water is filled in the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IB (33), the upper surface of the water is located on the diameter of the horizontal calibration circular ring pipe IB (33), a sliding groove is formed in the annular shaft shell B (30) along the circumferential direction, the outer edge arc length of the circular arc piston IIB (35) is larger than that of the sliding groove, the starting end of the pressurizing arm (14) penetrates through the sliding groove and is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the circular arc piston IIB (35), the central axis of the pressurizing arm (14) and the symmetric axis of the circular arc piston IIB (35) are located on the same diameter of the annular hydraulic oil cavity, and an angle identification scale B (34) is arranged on the central axis of the circular arc piston IIB (35).
6. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 5, wherein: the laser calibration device (7) comprises an electromagnetic base (21), a support plate (20), a laser angle dial (19), a horizontal calibration circular ring tube II (25) and a laser emitter (26), wherein the electromagnetic base (21) is arranged on the inner side wall of the model box body in an adsorbing manner, the support plate (20) is fixedly arranged on the electromagnetic base (21), the support plate (20) is perpendicular to the inner side wall of the model box body, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the support plate (20), an annular sleeve is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the laser emitter (26), the annular sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft, the laser angle dial (19) and the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II (25) are both fixedly arranged on the support plate (20), the laser angle dial (19), the horizontal calibration circular ring tube II (25) and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the horizontal calibration circular tube II (25) is positioned outside the laser angle dial (19), the laser angle dial (19) is uniformly provided with scale marks (24), and the end of the laser emitter (26) is provided with an angle indicating line (23).
7. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 6, wherein: a position marking line (22) is arranged on the electromagnetic base (21).
8. The mechanical arm type similar material model compacting and forming device of claim 1, wherein: the model box body comprises a model support (9), a template (18) and a supporting plate (4), the supporting plate (4) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the model support (9), the hydraulic pressure device (1) is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate (4), and the template (18) is fixedly arranged on the side face of the model support (9).
9. The mechanical arm type compaction forming device for the similar material model of claim 8, wherein: the side surface of the top end of the model support (9) is provided with a reinforcing plate (6), and the top surface of the reinforcing plate (6) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the support plate (4).
10. The mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device of claim 9, wherein: the template (18) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the model support (9) through a fastening screw I (17), the support plate (4) is fixedly connected with the model support (9) through a fastening screw II (5), and the reinforcing plate (6) is respectively fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the support plate (4) and the side surface of the top end of the model support (9) through the fastening screw II (5).
CN202123098152.4U 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device Expired - Fee Related CN216695777U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202123098152.4U CN216695777U (en) 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202123098152.4U CN216695777U (en) 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Mechanical arm type similar material model compaction forming device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN216695777U true CN216695777U (en) 2022-06-07

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
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