CN216694954U

CN216694954U - Measuring instrument for solar altitude

Info

Publication number: CN216694954U
Application number: CN202220231612.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩太平; 杨亮; 王金伙
Original assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Current assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-01-27
Filing date: 2022-01-27
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-27

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar altitude angle measuring instrument, which comprises a platform, a heavy hammer, a level gauge, an angle measuring mechanism, a control circuit board and a display screen, wherein the platform is provided with a vertical axis; the platform is provided with a substrate and a plurality of foot pads which are arranged at the bottom of the substrate and used for adjusting the balance degree of the platform; the heavy hammer and the level gauge are respectively arranged on the substrate so as to correspondingly feed back the position states of the platform in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction; the angle measuring mechanism comprises a protractor for correction, a light transmitting tube which is rotatably arranged at the circle center of the protractor and an angle sensor for reflecting the rotating angle of the light transmitting tube on the protractor; the control circuit board is electrically connected with the angle sensor and outputs an electric signal fed back by the angle sensor in a digital-to-analog conversion mode; the display screen is electrically connected with the control circuit board so as to visually display the angle value acquired by the control circuit board on the screen. The device can more efficiently and intuitively measure the required solar angle value data, and is more convenient to manufacture and use.

Description

Measuring instrument for solar altitude

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of angle measuring instruments, in particular to a solar altitude angle measuring instrument.

Background

At present, global energy supply is short, the effective use of a solar water heater and the fields of solar photovoltaic power generation and the like are very important, and the reasonable installation of the solar water heater and a solar panel has an important factor for improving the utilization rate of solar energy. In addition, the development of urbanization is faster and faster, and how to control the good building spacing and improve the daylighting rate affects the living quality of residents and reasonable town planning.

Therefore, measurement of the solar altitude is extremely important. At this stage, the known technique for measuring the solar altitude is generally to aim the observation tube at the sun, and when there is a light spot on the light-receiving sheet at the other end of the observation tube, the scale is read by the position of the pointer, and the error measured in this way is relatively large. The other method is to arrange a photoresistor matrix in the cylinder, utilize the lens with specific height and the photoresistor matrix, and then utilize a trigonometric function to calculate the current solar altitude, and further need to be equipped with a computer system, so that the instrument device is difficult to be widely popularized and used due to the complex and tedious algorithm processing and the high price.

It is noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the utility model and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention provides a solar altitude measurement instrument to solve the above problems.

The utility model adopts the following scheme:

the application provides a measuring apparatu of solar altitude angle includes: the device comprises a platform, a heavy hammer, a level gauge, an angle measuring mechanism, a control circuit board and a display screen; the platform is provided with a substrate and a plurality of foot pads which are arranged at the bottom of the substrate and used for adjusting the balance degree of the platform; the heavy hammer and the level gauge are respectively arranged on the substrate so as to correspondingly feed back the position states of the platform in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction; the angle measuring mechanism comprises a protractor for correction, a light transmitting pipe rotatably arranged at the circle center of the protractor and an angle sensor for reflecting the angle of rotation of the light transmitting pipe on the protractor; the control circuit board is electrically connected with the angle sensor and outputs an electric signal fed back by the angle sensor in a digital-to-analog conversion mode; the display screen is electrically connected with the control circuit board so as to visually display the angle value acquired by the control circuit board on the screen.

As a further improvement, the foot pads are screwed on the bottom of the base plate in a height-adjustable manner and are respectively arranged at four corners of the base plate.

As a further improvement, the protractor is horizontally erected above the base plate through a mounting frame, the mounting frame is erected on the base plate, and the heavy hammer is hung on the mounting frame and is coaxially arranged with the circle center of the protractor.

In a further improvement, the level gauge is transversely arranged on the mounting frame, is opposite to the heavy hammer at intervals on the bottom side of the mounting frame, and is always horizontally arranged with the level gauge.

As a further improvement, the display screen is disposed on the substrate and located on the front side of the mounting block, and the control circuit board is disposed on the substrate located on the rear side of the mounting block.

As a further improvement, the control circuit board also comprises a power supply module electrically connected to the control circuit board and a voltage stabilizer capable of controlling the power supply module to output a specified voltage to the control circuit board; wherein, the power module comprises a plurality of dry batteries which are arranged side by side.

As a further improvement, the control circuit board is provided with a buzzer, and a photosensitive sensor is arranged in the light-transmitting pipe; the light-passing tube rotates to the position of the height of the sun, so that the photosensitive sensor responds after receiving the irradiation of the sunlight, and the buzzer is controlled to sound to remind a user to record the measured angle value.

As a further improvement, the photosensitive sensor is made of cadmium selenide materials, and after the photosensitive sensor receives sunlight irradiation, the resistance value of the photosensitive sensor is reduced to enable a circuit where the buzzer is associated to be conducted.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model can obtain the following technical effects:

1. the measuring instrument is suitable for measuring the solar altitude angle, utilizes the linear propagation principle of light, the illumination characteristic and the volt-ampere characteristic of the photosensitive sensor and the linear principle of the angle sensor, and accurately displays the solar altitude angle value on the display screen after being processed by the control circuit board, so that the solar altitude angle at a certain moment can be determined. On one hand, as the requirement of actual engineering measurement, the solar elevation angle measurement method can be used for more intelligently measuring the solar elevation angle, can be applied to the fields of building industry, solar water heater installation, solar photovoltaic power generation and the like in actual engineering, and can conveniently, quickly and accurately obtain required angle value data and improve the working efficiency. On the other hand, the measuring instrument is simple in structure and convenient and fast to operate, and can be used as a teaching aid related to the scientific courses of primary and secondary school students, so that the students can know and learn the scientific knowledge in the related fields in the actual operation.

2. The measuring instrument device is incomparable to the traditional eye aiming method, scale measurement and marking method in the complexity of operation and the measurement precision, the application of the instrument greatly improves the measurement precision of the field related to the sun height, the instrument can more efficiently and intuitively measure the required sun angle value data, and the instrument is more convenient to manufacture and use.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a meter according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 from another perspective;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 from another perspective;

fig. 4 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of the utility model.

Icon:

1-a platform; 11-a substrate; 12-a foot pad; 2-weight dropper; 3-a level meter; 4-an angle measuring mechanism; 41-a protractor; 42-a light-passing tube; 43-angle sensor; 5-a control circuit board; 6-a display screen; 7-a mounting frame; 8-a power supply module; 9-buzzer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. "beneath," "under" and "beneath" a first feature includes the first feature being directly beneath and obliquely beneath the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Examples

With reference to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a solar altitude measurement apparatus, including: platform 1, weight 2 and spirit level 3 and angle measurement mechanism 4, control circuit board 5 and display screen 6. The platform 1 has a base plate 11 and a plurality of foot pads 12 disposed at the bottom of the base plate 11 for adjusting the balance of the platform 1. The weight 2 and the level 3 are respectively disposed on the base plate 11 to correspondingly feedback the position states of the platform 1 in the vertical and horizontal directions. The angle measuring mechanism 4 includes a protractor 41 for calibration, a light transmitting tube 42 rotatably disposed at the center of the protractor 41, and an angle sensor 43 for reflecting the angle of rotation of the light transmitting tube 42 on the protractor 41. The control circuit board 5 is electrically connected to the angle sensor 43, and outputs an electrical signal fed back by the angle sensor 43 in a digital-to-analog conversion manner. The display screen 6 is electrically connected with the control circuit board 5 to visually display the angle value acquired by the control circuit board 5 on the screen thereof.

In the above description, the measuring apparatus is suitable for measuring the solar altitude, and it uses the linear propagation principle of light, the illumination characteristic and current-voltage characteristic of the photosensitive sensor (not shown), and the linear principle of the angle sensor 43, and processes them by the control circuit board 5, and accurately displays the solar altitude value on the display screen 6, so as to determine the solar altitude at a certain time. On one hand, as the requirement of actual engineering measurement, the solar elevation angle measurement method can be used for more intelligently measuring the solar elevation angle, can be applied to the fields of building industry, solar water heater installation, solar photovoltaic power generation and the like in actual engineering, and can conveniently, quickly and accurately obtain required angle value data and improve the working efficiency. On the other hand, the measuring instrument is simple in structure and convenient and fast to operate, and can be used as a teaching aid related to the scientific courses of primary and secondary school students, so that the students can know and learn the scientific knowledge in the related fields in the actual operation.

Moreover, the traditional eye aiming method, scale measurement and marking method cannot be compared in the complexity of operation and the measurement precision, the application of the instrument greatly improves the measurement precision of the field related to the sun height, the instrument can more efficiently and intuitively measure the required sun angle value data, and the instrument is more convenient to manufacture and use.

It should be noted that, in the preparation before measurement, the overall balance of the platform 1 is adjusted by the foot pads 12, so that the weight 2 disposed on the base plate 11 is oriented with the vertical line pointing to the center of the earth, and the level 3 is in a balanced state, thereby improving the accuracy of the measured angle value after the measuring instrument is used.

Obviously, after the light passing tube 42 is calibrated in the protractor 41, the light passing tube 42 changes the resistance value of the angle sensor 43 matched with the light passing tube 42 after each rotation angle, and the change of the resistance value corresponds to the measured angle, so that the control circuit board 5 performs digital-to-analog conversion on the electrical signal of the resistance value to obtain the final angle value on the display screen 6. The implementation of the circuit is the prior art, and reference may be made to the schematic diagram of the control circuit shown in fig. 4, which is not described herein again.

In one embodiment, the foot pads 12 are screwed to the bottom of the base plate 11 in a height-adjustable manner and are respectively disposed at four corners of the base plate 11. Further, each foot pad 12 can be mutually matched through a screw and a nut, the base plate 11 of the foot pad can be operated and rotationally adjusted to be finely adjusted between 0mm and 30mm in height, the platform 1 can be stably placed in various terrains in an adaptive mode, and the balance degree of the platform 1 can be adaptively adjusted to meet the requirements.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the protractor 41 is erected horizontally above the base plate 11 through a mounting bracket 7, the mounting bracket 7 is erected on the base plate 11, and the weight 2 is hung on the mounting bracket 7 and is arranged coaxially with the center of the protractor 41. The level 3 is horizontally disposed on the mounting frame 7, and is opposed to the weight 2 at a distance from the bottom side of the mounting frame 7, and the protractor 41 and the level 3 are always horizontally disposed. In one embodiment, the display screen 6 is disposed on the base plate 11 at the front side of the mounting block 7, and the control circuit board 5 is disposed on the base plate 11 at the rear side of the mounting block 7.

In the above, such a layout mode realizes a compact layout of the measurement structures on the substrate 11, and is favorable for a design concept of miniaturization and convenience. Moreover, the situation that the positions of the heavy hammer 2, the level meter 3 and the display screen 6 are visually obtained by a user is facilitated, and the operation and the use of the measuring instrument are greatly facilitated.

In one embodiment, the measuring instrument further includes a power supply module 8 for electrically connecting to the control circuit board 5, and a voltage regulator (not shown) capable of controlling the power supply module 8 to output a specified voltage to the control circuit board 5. The power module 8 is composed of a plurality of dry cells arranged side by side. In terms of circuit design, in order to enable each device on the control circuit board 5 to work stably, the voltage is reduced to 5V by a voltage stabilizer triode.

Wherein, the control circuit board 5 is provided with a buzzer 9, and a photosensitive sensor is arranged in the light-transmitting tube 42. The light-passing tube 42 rotates to the position of the sun height, so that the light-sensitive sensor responds after receiving the irradiation of the sunlight, and the buzzer 9 is controlled to sound to remind the user to record the measured angle value. Preferably, the photosensitive sensor is made of cadmium selenide material, and after receiving the sunlight irradiation, the resistance value of the photosensitive sensor is reduced to enable the circuit of the buzzer 9 associated with the photosensitive sensor to be conducted. Therefore, when the sunlight irradiates the photosensitive sensor, the resistance value rapidly decreases, and a proper current is provided for the control circuit board 5, so that the active buzzer 9 on the circuit where the photosensitive sensor is located rings, the resistance value of the angle sensor 43 changes, and corresponding angle value data, namely the corresponding solar altitude angle, is displayed on the display screen 6 through data processing of the control circuit board 5.

In addition, an LED lamp (not shown) may be disposed on the circuit of the buzzer 9 to provide a light signal to the user for receiving the bright light signal while buzzing, so as to further play a role of reminding.

Referring to fig. 4, the control circuit diagram is further described below. Specifically, a high-speed switching diode (D2 in the drawing) is provided across the buzzer 9, and since the buzzer 9 is an inductive device, when the transistor is turned on to supply power to the buzzer 9, current flows through the buzzer 9. One characteristic of the inductor is that the current cannot change suddenly, the current is gradually increased when the inductor is turned on, but when the inductor is turned off, a loop of a power supply, a triode, a buzzer 9 and the ground is cut off, no current exists, and the stored current is consumed by a high-speed switching diode (D2 in the figure) and a loop of the buzzer 9, so that reverse impact caused by the inductor current when the inductor is turned off is avoided.

In one embodiment, the control circuit board 5 may be fixed on the substrate 11 made of stainless steel plate by 4M 3 × 6 copper pillars and nuts, so as to prevent the short circuit of the circuit.

When the solar altitude a measured by the measuring instrument is acquired, the distance between two buildings can be measured in real life by the formula tana ═ H/L (H is the height of the front building and L is the distance between the front and rear buildings). When buying a house, the lighting problem is more clearly known. In addition, for the installation of the solar water heater, the angle of the heat collecting plate of the solar water heater can be adjusted by the formula β being 90 ° -a (β is the angle of the heat collecting plate of the solar water heater), so as to improve the light collection rate.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar altitude angle measuring instrument, comprising:

the platform is provided with a substrate and a plurality of foot pads which are arranged at the bottom of the substrate and used for adjusting the balance degree of the platform;

the weight and the level gauge are respectively arranged on the substrate so as to correspondingly feed back the position states of the platform in the vertical and horizontal directions;

the angle measuring mechanism comprises a protractor for correction, a light transmitting tube rotatably arranged at the circle center of the protractor and an angle sensor for reflecting the angle of rotation of the light transmitting tube on the protractor;

the control circuit board is electrically connected with the angle sensor and outputs the electric signal fed back by the angle sensor in a digital-to-analog conversion mode;

and the display screen is electrically connected with the control circuit board so as to visually display the angle value acquired by the control circuit board on the screen.

2. A solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the foot pads are screwed to the bottom of the base plate in a height-adjustable manner and are respectively disposed at four corners of the base plate.

3. A solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the protractor is horizontally erected above the base plate through a mounting frame, the mounting frame is erected on the base plate, and the weight is hung on the mounting frame and is coaxially arranged with the center of the protractor.

4. A solar altitude angle gauge as defined in claim 3, wherein the level gauge is transversely disposed on the mounting bracket and is spaced apart from the weight and opposite to the weight on the bottom side of the mounting bracket, and the protractor and the level gauge are always disposed horizontally to each other.

5. A solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 3, wherein the display screen is provided on the base plate on the front side of the mounting frame, and the control circuit board is provided on the base plate on the rear side of the mounting frame.

6. The solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply module for electrically connecting to the control circuit board, and a voltage regulator capable of controlling the power supply module to output a specified voltage to the control circuit board; wherein, the power module comprises a plurality of dry batteries arranged side by side.

7. The solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit board is provided with a buzzer, and a photosensitive sensor is arranged in the light transmitting pipe; the light-passing tube rotates to the position of the height of the sun, so that the photosensitive sensor responds after receiving the irradiation of the sunlight, and the buzzer is controlled to sound to remind a user to record the measured angle value.

8. A solar altitude angle measuring instrument according to claim 7, wherein the photosensitive sensor is made of cadmium selenide material, and the resistance value of the photosensitive sensor is reduced to conduct the circuit of the buzzer associated with the photosensitive sensor after receiving the sunlight irradiation.