CN216689817U

CN216689817U - Self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system

Info

Publication number: CN216689817U
Application number: CN202120725555.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙宏元
Original assignee: Huaihua Wopu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Huaihua Wopu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-10
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-09
Also published as: CN113638508A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system, which decomposes a waterproof area into more than two independent waterproof units spliced together and is assisted by the surface energy waterproof system to complete a waterproof task; the waterproof unit can independently complete the waterproof task of the waterproof unit; the surface energy waterproof system consists of a drainage structure, a non-infiltration surface functional area and a water flow collecting and discharging system; processing the surfaces of the waterproof units and the drainage structures without drainage tasks and the edges or boundaries of the surfaces of the areas where water flow is forbidden to enter into non-wetting surfaces; the water flow collecting and discharging system is responsible for collecting and intensively discharging leaked water flow. The method breaks through the technical difficulty of the existing house waterproof engineering, so that the waterproof engineering is developed from strict and completely closed waterproof to a blocking and dredging combination mode, and the engineering construction difficulty and the production cost are greatly reduced; the waterproof paint has low requirements on construction sites, processes and weather, has long waterproof period, and is an environment-friendly industry; it can be produced in standardized mode.

Description

Self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a waterproof project of a building, in particular to a drainage system which is arranged below a waterproof board with a non-wetting surface at a bottom drainage port or a waterproof wall body interface and is used for draining water leaked from the waterproof board or the waterproof wall body to finish a waterproof task.

Technical Field

The flat top structure of the common house is realized by strictly preventing rainwater leakage for a long time, has higher requirements on construction sites, processes and weather, particularly has no aging resistance and repeated maintenance due to the fact that the waterproof life is not long due to the material stealing and reduction, wastes are wasted and cannot achieve the ideal waterproof effect, the waste recovery is difficult, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource consumption is large, and the environment is not protected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of short waterproof life, difficult construction and the like of the existing waterproof technology, the invention provides a drop type surface energy waterproof system which utilizes a drainage ditch and an auxiliary drainage facility in a waterproof board to drain leaked rainwater into the drainage facility.

The invention is completed in the following way: the self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a traditional integrally closed or sealed waterproof area is decomposed into more than two independent waterproof units which are spliced together, and a surface energy waterproof system is used for completing a waterproof task; the waterproof units are waterproof blocks or units which can independently complete the waterproof task of the waterproof units, and the whole waterproof area is formed by splicing more than two waterproof units; the surface energy waterproof system consists of a drainage structure, a non-infiltration surface functional area and a water flow collecting and discharging system; the non-wetting surface functional area is formed by processing at least the edge or the boundary of the surface without the drainage task and the surface of the water flow entrance forbidding area into a non-wetting surface; the water flow collecting and discharging system is used for collecting and discharging leaked water flow in a centralized manner; the drainage structure and the waterproof unit interface, especially the interface on the back surface form a lap joint interface, can discharge the seepage water flow from the side surface, the side edge or the reserved outlet of the drainage structure, and comprises a drainage plate, a support plate, a separation plate, a guide plate and a support or bearing structure.

The self-arranging fabricated surface energy waterproof system, the non-wetting surface functional area of which comprises: at least the lower surface of the waterproof board 1 with a drainage task interface and a wider area than the contact surface with a waterproof facility and the surface above the groove with an outward opening at the wall joint are processed into a non-wetting surface; the upper surfaces of at least the side edges of the water collecting box and the upper surfaces of at least two sides of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 are non-surface-infiltrated surfaces, and the lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the two end ports of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 are processed into the non-infiltrated surfaces; the supporting plate 15, the isolation plate 23, the guide plate 18 and the two ends of the upper surface of the drainage plate, the side edges without drainage tasks, the two ends of the side surfaces with drainage tasks and the lower surface with drainage tasks are at least provided with non-wetting surfaces; processing at least the surface edge of the supporting part below the bearing frame 25 and the supporting and non-supporting boundary side surfaces into a continuous non-wetting surface; and the side edges 16 with non-wetting surfaces or non-wetting water retaining strips 17 at least on the upper surfaces are arranged on the sides of the support plates 15, the isolation plates 23, the flow guide plates 18 and the drainage plates without drainage tasks.

The lower surfaces of the openings of the supporting plate 15, the isolating plate 23, the guide plate 18 and the drainage plate which are provided with an opening 21 at the middle part are non-wetting surfaces; at least the surfaces of the lower surfaces or the peripheral surfaces of the inner surfaces of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 are non-wetting surfaces; the surface of the peripheral edge of the concave flow guide curved surface or the cambered surface 31 of the waterproof board 1 is a non-wetting surface; a slender non-wetting surface is longitudinally arranged on the inclined plane of the concave flow guide curved surface or the cambered surface 31 of the waterproof board 1 and at the watershed; processing at least the outer side wall of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 at the contact part with the waterproof drainage ditch 3 and at least the corresponding bottom edge into non-infiltration surfaces; processing the edges of the upper surfaces of the supporting plate 15, the isolating plate 23, the guide plate 18 and the drainage plate at the supporting part and the side surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the supporting and non-supporting boundaries into continuous non-wetting surfaces, and processing the side surfaces of the supporting plate 15, the isolating plate 23, the guide plate 18 and the drainage plate at the non-supporting part into hydrophilic surfaces; and a water collecting and draining ditch 3 with a proper gradient is arranged on the water draining side of the supporting plate 15, the isolating plate 23, the guide plate 18 and the water draining plate and below the bearing frame 25 and communicated with a water draining system.

The self-draining assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a water flow collecting facility is arranged in a waterproof system under a waterproof unit to guide leakage water to flow to a drainage system and prevent the leakage water from arbitrarily infiltrating or flowing downwards; the water flow collecting facilities comprise a separation plate 23, a support plate 15, a guide plate 18, a drainage plate, a water collecting hopper 33, a drainage ditch 3, a water collecting box 7 and a guide convex surface 27; the drainage side or the drainage port of the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage plate is provided with a drainage groove 19 with a certain gradient, and the lowest part of the drainage groove 19 is provided with an opening or a water pipe connector 8; the catchment bucket 33 is arranged below the waterproof unit, at least the peripheral edge of the catchment bucket is provided with a continuous non-wetting surface, or the catchment bucket is arranged between the supporting parts at two ends below the supporting plate 15, and the lowest part of the catchment bucket 33 is provided with an opening 29 or a water pipe connector 8 to be connected with a drainage system; and a waterproof isolation plate 23, a flow guide plate 18 and a drainage plate with non-wetting surfaces on at least four sides are arranged between the support plate 15 or the support beam 26 and the flow guide part 12.

The self-arranging assembled surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that wider partition plates 23, guide plates 18 and drainage plates are arranged on support plates 15 and support beams 26 of a bearing frame 25, at least the side surfaces of the lower surfaces of the partition plates 23, the guide plates 18 and the drainage plates are non-wetting surfaces, the partition plates 23, the guide plates 18 and the drainage plates are straight or the two sides of the partition plates are slightly bent downwards to ensure that the edges of the two sides can be always in contact with the lower surface of a flow guide convex surface 27, and the edges in contact with the flow guide convex surface 27 are thin or sharp.

The self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a frame 30 with a stable shape is arranged around a water collecting hopper 33 or a flow guide convex surface 27 under a waterproof unit; or the water flow collecting facilities under the waterproof unit are processed into a whole to stabilize the shape of the frame of the water flow collecting facilities.

The self-draining assembled surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that adjacent or peripheral partition boards 23, guide plates 18 and adjacent drainage grooves 19 of drainage boards are connected end to form a whole to form a continuous drainage groove 19 with gradient or depth, and only the lowest part or proper positions such as corners of the continuous drainage groove 19 are provided with one or a limited number of drainage ports or water pipe connectors 8 to be communicated with a drainage pipe network.

The self-arranging assembled surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that side edges 16 are added to the peripheral edges of a frame 30, the area enclosed by the side edges is larger than that of a waterproof board 1, and the peripheral side edges 16 are integrated; covering the side edges 16 of two adjacent frames 30 with a waterproof cover 34 with a downward opening; the joints of the waterproof covers 34 are covered by the integral multidirectional conjoined waterproof cover joints 35 with the waterproof covers 34 in more than three directions; a stabilizing plate 36 is horizontally arranged outwards at the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 and is arranged below the waterproof plate 1; the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 are horizontally provided with the baffle 37 inwards, or the tail end of the inwards baffle 37 is folded upwards, or the two side surfaces or the side edges 16 of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 are processed into uneven surfaces, so that the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the inner surfaces of the side edges 16 and the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover interface 35 are prevented from being in close contact with the waterproof cover 34.

The self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a layer of non-wetting surface isolation layer, a thin plate or a film is superposed on the non-wetting surface between the interfaces of the waterproof facility, or the lapping and superposing positions of two ends or the peripheral edges of the waterproof facility are processed into the non-wetting surface, so that the leakage water is prevented from flowing into the interfaces to be wetted and flowed randomly.

The self-discharging assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a hydrophilic water flow collecting structure is arranged in the waterproof system, and the hydrophilic water flow collecting structure comprises a hydrophilic flow guide structure and a hydrophilic flow guide facility; the self-draining assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a slope hydrophilic diversion structure is arranged in the waterproof system, and leaked rainwater is guided from a high position to a lowest position of the diversion structure and then drips; the flow guide structure is a hydrophilic concave flow guide curved surface or arc surface 31 with a downward opening and a proper gradient, and the lower surface of the waterproof plate 1 is provided with a downward opening; the flow guide structure is a flow guide part 12 with a downward opening and a flow guide structure 13 with a proper gradient on the drainage side is arranged on the support plate 15; the diversion structure is characterized in that the drainage sides of the diversion pieces 12 are connected or lapped together and downwards form hydrophilic diversion convex surfaces 27, or the diversion convex surfaces 27 are directly processed on the lower surface of the waterproof plate, or the diversion convex surfaces 27 are processed, added or installed on the bottom surface of the non-support part of the support plate 15; the flow guide convex surface 27 is formed by adding more than one shaping ring 28 at the middle lower part of the flexible flow guide convex surface 27; or the diversion convex surface 27 with the gradient increasing from top to bottom is made of the unchanged material which can keep the basic shape; or a heavy object is arranged in the concentrated water dropping area or the water dropping point of the flexible diversion convex surface 27; or the flexible flow guide convex surface 27 is designed into a structure with the gradient increasing from top to bottom, so that the dripping area or dripping point of the flow guide convex surface 27 is more obvious and concentrated by downwards protruding; the lowest part of the flow guide convex surface 27 is provided with a concentrated water dripping area or a water dripping point.

The self-draining assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a hydrophilic drainage facility is arranged in an area with leakage water flow, and the drainage facility drains the leakage water flow into a drainage facility; the hydrophilic drainage facility comprises a hydrophilic drainage belt, a hydrophilic drainage strip, a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece with the hydrophilic drainage strip spaced from the hydrophobic strip of the non-infiltration surface (the water outlet side of the combined drainage piece is the hydrophilic drainage strip); the drainage facility is arranged at the lap joint of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 and between the joints with drainage tasks; the drainage facility is arranged on the non-infiltration surface of the supporting part of the bearing frame 25; the drainage facility is arranged at the lowest opening of the drainage groove 19; the drainage facility is arranged at the lowest part of the flow guide structure 13 of the flow guide part 12; the drainage facility is arranged on the drainage side of the regular strip-shaped flow guide piece 12 without a flow guide structure; the drainage facility is arranged in a concentrated water dripping area or a water dripping point of the flow guide convex surface 27; the drainage facility is arranged at the lowest part of the water collecting hopper 33 and is provided with an opening 29; the drainage facilities are transversely or vertically arranged between the non-infiltration surfaces of the mutual overlapping or lap joint areas; the drainage facility is arranged at the opening of the support plate 15 and the guide plate 18, the middle part of which is provided with an opening 21; the lower end of the drainage facility is lower than the lower surfaces of the lap joint part and the interface part; a hydrophilic surface or substance is provided below where the leakage water flow leaves the flashing.

The drainage facility stretches out of the drainage side and then bends and sags downwards; or the water outlet of the drainage channel is provided with the drainage strip and is bent downwards, so that the leaked water flow can flow into the drainage system below more quickly.

The drainage facilities are the tail ends of the drainage facilities on the two sides of the supporting plate 15 are connected or bundled together.

The self-draining assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that the heights of two ends of a partition plate 23, a guide plate 18 and a drainage groove 19 of a drainage plate and the heights of two ends of a flow guide structure 13 of a flow guide part 12 are set to be higher at one end and lower at the other end.

The self-draining assembly type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that a water conduit 4 is arranged in a middle groove of a waterproof drainage ditch 3 which can not drain water at two ends, or a lengthened water collecting box 7 replaces the waterproof drainage ditch 3; the water-proof drainage ditch 3 connected into a whole is used for collecting water flow and serving as a drainage system.

The self-discharging assembled surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that an opening 21 is longitudinally formed in the middle of a support plate 15, a guide plate 18, a partition plate 23 and a drainage plate and used for discharging leakage water flow; the drainage sides of the supporting plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage plate are arranged below the opening 21, the drainage sides can also be arranged on one side, two sides or the periphery below the opening 21, and the drainage sides, the supporting plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage plate can be processed into a whole or a combined split structure; the two sides of the upper surface are provided with lateral edges 16 or water retaining strips 17; in the split structure of the drainage side and the support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage plate, the joints of the drainage side and the support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage plate can be mutually engaged and connected through the folding bayonet 22; or suitably attached by riveting, screwing, gluing, etc.

The blocking-guiding type surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that the lowest part of a flow guiding structure, a flow guiding belt or a combined blocking-guiding piece or a pressure relief channel which are transversely arranged on a slope or a vertical surface is communicated and extends into a drainage system by a vertically arranged drainage or drainage facility.

Preferably, the inner side wall of the supporting plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the drainage groove 19 of the drainage plate is attached to the lower surface of the waterproof plate, or a sealing gasket is arranged between the turning flat plate at the top end of the inner side wall of the drainage groove 19 and the lower surface of the waterproof plate, so that water vapor in the drainage groove 19 is prevented from overflowing and infiltrating the waterproof plate.

Preferably, an impervious isolation thin plate and a thin film are arranged at the interface (between the support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23, the drainage plate, the water collecting hopper 33 or the frame 30 of the guide convex surface 27 and the waterproof plate) to serve as a connecting sheet, at least the lower surface edge of the drainage side and the interface of the port of the connecting sheet are non-wetting surfaces, the interfaces at the two ends of the connecting sheet and the ports of the support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23, the drainage plate and the frame 30 are overlapped up and down in a staggered mode to form an overlapped interface, and at least the joint surface of the overlapped interface is provided with a non-wetting surface which is mutually attached, so that water flow is prevented from permeating into the overlapped interface.

Preferably, more than one non-wetting rib, hydrophilic or groove with hydrophilic drainage strip is transversely arranged in the overlap joint area, so that water flow permeating into the joint can be automatically discharged to two sides of the joint along the rib or the groove. The side of the convex edge close to the water inlet can be arranged into a hydrophilic surface; the two sides or upper surfaces of the two sides of the groove are preferably provided as non-wetting surfaces.

Preferably, non-wetting spacers are provided between the non-wetting surfaces to prevent water flow into the interface gap.

Preferably, the side edges of the partition and connecting pieces 44 are bent downward to form side flaps 46, so that the leaked water can be directly discharged downward, thereby improving the waterproof effect.

Preferably, the overlapping area on the non-wetting surface is transversely provided with the hydrophilic drainage strips 20, the hydrophilic drainage strips 20 and the non-wetting drainage strips which are separated from each other to form the combined drainage piece, so that the waterproof effect is improved.

Preferably, a hollow cylindrical mounting bolt 38 is machined or provided on the rim 30 around the water collection means to secure the perforated water-proof unit to the base by means of surface energy treated fastening screws or fasteners.

Preferably, a downward cover is formed on the fastening screw or fastener, or the non-wetting surface of the fastening screw or fastener in close contact with the overlapping area of the mounting pin 38, or the non-wetting surface of the overlapping area of the fastening screw or fastener and the mounting pin 38 and the filled non-wetting material prevent water from entering the gap between the fastening screw or fastener and the mounting pin 38.

Preferably, it is a non-wetted surface annular washer or a dual annular ring configured annular washer or washer that provides intimate contact between the fastening screw or fastener and the non-wetted surface of mounting stud 38.

Preferably, the mounting holes or fastening holes are formed in the non-wetting surface of the frame, the attaching surface of the fastener and the frame is a non-wetting surface, or a non-wetting surface film or a non-wetting surface gasket is formed between the fastener and the non-wetting surface of the frame.

Preferably, a fixing hole or a fixing seat is directly arranged on the supporting surface, a non-infiltration sheet is arranged below the fixing hole of the waterproof material and extends into the drainage ditch or the drainage groove, and a hydrophilic drainage piece is arranged between the waterproof material and the non-infiltration sheet and extends into the drainage ditch, the drainage groove or the drainage pipe network; the fixing hole or the fixing seat penetrates through the middle parts of the non-infiltration sheet and the hydrophilic drainage piece, and the periphery of the hydrophilic drainage piece is comprehensively attached to the periphery of the penetrating fastening piece.

Preferably, a protruding fixing seat is arranged at the fixing hole of the non-infiltration sheet, and the fixing seat can penetrate through the waterproof material 1 and is slightly higher, so that water flow is prevented from entering the fixing seat.

And (3) filling a condensation material between the waterproof material interfaces, and condensing and fixedly connecting the waterproof material at the interfaces or the waterproof material and the supporting structure together by the condensation material.

Preferably, the water outlet of the hydrophilic drainage piece arranged in the interface non-infiltration fitting area of the waterproof material is directly placed or inserted into the water inlet of the drainage pipe network.

Preferably, a transverse groove with an outward opening, which is flush with or slightly lower than or smoothly butted with the waterproof unit, is arranged on the wall at the interface of the wall, and the upper surface of the waterproof unit can extend into the lower part of the upper surface of the transverse groove.

Preferably, a groove 10 with a downward opening or a convex rib 11 with a downward protrusion of a non-wetting surface is formed on the upper surface of the transverse groove at the joint of the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the waterproof drain 3 and the drainage side of the waterproof board 1 or the wall, or a non-wetting surface with an uneven surface is formed; or processed into a non-wetting surface with a low outer surface and a high inner surface.

Preferably, vent holes are arranged on a bearing supporting beam and a bearing wall of the closed self-discharging assembly type surface energy waterproof system, so that water vapor can be discharged by self circulation.

Preferably, a ventilation system capable of exchanging air with the outside is arranged in the closed self-exhaust assembly type surface energy waterproof system provided with the vent holes, so that water vapor in the closed environment can be exhausted in time.

Preferably, an air humidity sensor is arranged in a ventilation system of the self-discharging assembly type surface energy waterproof system, and the air humidity sensor sends out a corresponding instruction signal according to the change of the air humidity in the closed environment, so that the ventilation system is operated or stopped timely.

Preferably, the drainage piece and the integrated drainage layer are externally provided with a frame with a stable shape; the drainage part and the downward water dropping end of the integral drainage layer are provided with oblique lines or inclined planes with continuous slopes and gradients, and the water dropping point is arranged at the bottommost position or a proper position.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method breaks through the technical difficulty of the existing house waterproof engineering, so that the waterproof engineering is developed from strict and completely closed waterproof to a blocking and dredging combination mode, and the engineering construction difficulty and the production cost are greatly reduced.

2. The waterproof paint has low requirements on construction sites, processes and weather, has long waterproof period, does not generate harmful substances in the construction process, is an environment-friendly industry, and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

3. The waterproof heat-insulating composite material can be produced by standardized sectional materials or prefabricated components by using a single material, and can also be produced by standardized sectional materials or prefabricated components by combining more than two composite materials, so that ideal waterproof and even heat-insulating effects can be achieved.

4. It can be used in conjunction with solar panels for waterproofing solar roofs and other environments and buildings.

Drawings

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic bottom view of the flashing of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a support post of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure of the sump case according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the drainage member of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the drainage member of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the drainage member of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain board of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain board of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain board of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a baffle of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of a baffle of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the deployment of the drainage member of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the deployment of the drainage member of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the deployment configuration of the drainage member of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic view of a baffle of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the installation of the drainage strip of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the construction of a drainage or deflector plate of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic bottom view of the drainage or deflector of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the structure of the convex flow-guiding surface of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the combination of the bearing frame, the drainage pipe network and the isolation plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the structure of the convex flow-guiding surface of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the construction of the catchment hopper of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the construction of the catchment hopper of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic bottom view of the flashing of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the structure of the catchment bucket and the convex diversion surface according to the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the construction of the waterproof cover of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof cover interface of the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the construction of the waterproof cover interface of the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a schematic view of the construction of the waterproof cover of the present invention;

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure of the waterproof cover of the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a schematic view of the construction of a catchment bucket, a deflector ledge, an integral deflector plate, etc. of the present invention;

FIG. 36 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 37 is a schematic view of a non-wetting sheet and a holder according to the present invention;

FIG. 38 is a schematic view of the construction of the drain board interface of the present invention;

FIG. 39 is a schematic bottom view of the drain board interface of the present invention;

FIG. 40 is a schematic view of the construction of the integral drain panel of the present invention;

fig. 41 is a bottom view of the multi-layer drainage layer and non-wetting layer waterproofing structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Embodiments of the present invention are written in a progressive manner.

The non-wetting surface in the present invention includes a hydrophobic surface, a hydrophilic surface without surface wetting phenomenon, and a neutral surface without surface wetting phenomenon, but the hydrophobic surface is preferable; the non-wetting substance, the piece or the strip includes a hydrophobic substance, a hydrophilic substance free from surface wetting, and a neutral substance free from surface wetting, but the hydrophobic substance is preferable.

The hydrophilic surface in the invention is a hydrophilic surface which is preferably provided with surface wetting, adsorption and siphoning effects; hydrophilic materials or hydrophilic belts, hydrophilic diversion strips or pieces and the like are hydrophilic materials which have surface wetting, adsorption and siphoning effects.

The assembled waterproof system provided by the invention is characterized in that the whole waterproof area is divided into more than two waterproof units, the waterproof task in each waterproof unit area is independently completed by each waterproof unit, a waterproof facility is arranged at the outlet port of each waterproof unit, and the waterproof facility is a combination of a non-infiltration surface functional area and a water flow collecting and discharging system facility; the non-infiltration surface functional area is formed by processing at least the surface without the drainage task and the surface edge of the water flow entrance forbidding area into a non-infiltration surface, the drainage facility comprises a water flow collecting and drainage facility and can also be provided with a drainage or diversion facility, and the water flow collecting and drainage facility can also be combined into a drainage facility. All the waterproof units are spliced together, and a drainage facility is arranged below the water outlet interface of each waterproof unit.

Referring to fig. 1, at least the lower surface of the waterproof sheet 1 on the side of the drain port where water is drained (i.e., the back surface) having excellent waterproof performance is processed into a non-wetting surface 2, and the width of the non-wetting surface 2 is preferably larger than the width corresponding to the drainage facility below (i.e., the width of the non-wetting surface 2 is larger than the half of the width of the waterproof drain below or the width of the drainage facility below and in contact therewith), so that the seepage water is prevented from infiltrating or flowing into the center of the back surface below the waterproof sheet 1, and more surfaces of the waterproof sheet 1 can be processed into non-wetting surfaces.

Referring to fig. 2, a water collecting box 7 is arranged at the upper part of the processing, a support column or a bearing column 5 with a water conduit 4 and the water collecting box 7 in sealed connection is arranged in the middle of the processing, the upper surface of at least the side edge of the water collecting box 7 is processed into a non-surface wetting surface, more surfaces of the water collecting box 7 can also be processed into non-wetting surfaces, and the lower end of the water conduit 4 is connected with a drain pipe 6 in a sealed connection; the drain pipe 6 is communicated with a sewer or extends into a drainage system.

Referring to fig. 5, the waterproof drainage ditch 3 (the drainage ditch may be in a U-shape, a V-shape, an arc-shape, or other suitable groove shape) with at least two upper surfaces being non-wetted surfaces or having continuous non-wetted surfaces is processed, and similarly, at least the lower surface (or the portion extending into the water collection box 7) and the side surfaces at the two end ports of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 are processed into non-wetted surfaces or provided with continuous non-wetted surfaces.

Referring to fig. 3, the waterproof drainage ditch 3 is mounted on the bearing column 5, and both ends of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 extend into the upper part of the water collecting box 7; finally, the waterproof board 1 is installed on the waterproof drain ditch 3, and the drain port of the waterproof board 1 is positioned right above the waterproof drain ditch 3. Finally, the interface between the waterproof boards 1 is sealed or is subjected to proper waterproof treatment, or the upper surface of the waterproof board 1 and the interface are covered with proper sealing materials. When water leakage exists at the drainage connector of the waterproof board 1, leakage water flows downwards from the connector to the connector of the lower surface of the waterproof board 1 under the action of gravity, and the lower surface of the drainage connector of the waterproof board 1 is a non-wetting surface, so that the leakage water flows cannot wet and flow towards the middle part on the lower surface of the waterproof board 1 and only directly drip downwards or flow into a drainage ditch, and finally the leakage water flows are discharged into a drainage system through the drainage ditch to finish a waterproof task.

Furthermore, when the connectors of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 are separated respectively, a hydrophilic drainage piece is preferably used for draining leaked water flow to the drainage ditch at the lap joint part, particularly at the contact part of the lower surface of the waterproof plate 1 and the side wall of the waterproof drainage ditch 3; or a non-infiltration isolating layer is firstly arranged on the side wall of the lower surface of the waterproof board 1, which is in contact with the waterproof drainage ditch 3, and at least on the outer side of the lower surface of the waterproof board, then the hydrophilic drainage piece is arranged on the non-infiltration isolating layer, and leaked water flow is drained to the drainage ditch by the hydrophilic drainage piece, so that the leaked water flow is prevented from infiltrating to the bottom of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 along the outer side wall of the waterproof drainage ditch 3; or directly with the 3 lateral walls of the waterproof escape canal of the lower surface of waterproof board 1 and the 3 contact departments of waterproof escape canal with correspond bottom edge at least and process into non-infiltration surface, prevent that seepage rivers from infiltrating to the bottom of waterproof escape canal 3 along the lateral wall of waterproof escape canal 3.

Further, in order to reduce the processing difficulty of the bearing column 5, the water collecting box 7 can be replaced by a prefabricated water collecting box 9 with a water conduit 4 or a water pipe connector 8 in the middle and a proper size and shape, as shown in fig. 4.

Further, with reference to fig. 6 and 7, both ends of each waterproof drainage ditch 3 and the lower surface of the drainage side of the waterproof board 1 are provided with more than one groove 10 with a non-wetting surface, which is open downwards and does not intersect with the side edge or the end face, as shown in fig. 6; more than one convex rib 11 with a non-wetting surface and a downward convex surface not intersecting with the side edge or the end face can be arranged (the convex rib 11 can also be a hydrophilic surface with continuous non-wetting surfaces on two side surfaces), as shown in fig. 7; or both ends of the waterproof drainage ditch 3, the bottom surface with a drainage task and the lower surface of the drainage side of the waterproof board 1 are directly processed into uneven non-infiltration surfaces (or the concave area is a non-infiltration surface and the convex area is a hydrophilic surface), so that seepage water flow cannot infiltrate or flow to the middle of the lower surfaces of the drainage side of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 and the waterproof board 1 along the grooves 10, the convex edges 11 or the uneven convex points of the non-infiltration surfaces, and the seepage water flow can better flow into the waterproof drainage ditch 3.

Furthermore, the water conduit 4 can be directly installed in the middle groove of the waterproof drainage ditch 3, the water collecting box 9 or the water collecting box 7 is omitted, the current limiting structures or facilities are preferably arranged at the two ends of the waterproof drainage ditch 3 to prevent water flow from flowing out of the two ends of the waterproof drainage ditch 3, and the current limiting structures or facilities can be of plugging structures or hydrophobic surface structures.

Furthermore, the water collecting box 7 can be directly lengthened to replace the waterproof drainage ditch 3.

Furthermore, each bearing column 5 can also be replaced by a bearing beam or a bearing wall.

Further, each waterproof drainage ditch 3 can be processed into a whole or each waterproof drainage ditch 3 can be connected into a whole by an impermeable connecting piece and directly communicated with a drainage system, so that a drainage pipe network below each waterproof drainage ditch 3 is omitted.

Furthermore, each waterproof drainage ditch 3 can also be directly processed on a bearing beam or a bearing wall.

Further, can set up or install hydrophilic drainage spare between each interface that has the drainage task, the lower extreme of drainage spare should be less than the lower surface of waterproof board 1, by the direct downward flow of drainage spare behind the rivers drainage of seepage to the end of drainage spare, prevent that seepage rivers from stopping too much at the kneck of waterproof board 1 lower surface and influencing water-proof effects.

Further, when the waterproof board 1 is connected with a wall, a groove with a proper size and an outward opening can be processed on the wall at the connection position, and at least the surface above the groove is processed into a non-wetting surface; the surface above the groove is preferably low outside and high inside, or the groove is processed into an uneven surface, and the waterproof drainage ditch 3 is arranged below the upper surface of the groove.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, a support plate 15 (the drainage plate may be made of metal, plastic, composite material, mixed material or concrete, etc.) is formed by processing both ends of the upper surface and the sides without drainage task, both ends of the sides with drainage task, and the lower surface with drainage task, at least the side surface of the drainage side being a non-wetting surface, and the support plate 15 is used to replace the waterproof drainage ditch 3, and the rest of the upper surface and the drainage side are preferably hydrophilic, and the support plate 15 itself does not leak; the drainage side below installation (with having suitable slope as appropriate) of backup pad 15 catchments escape canal 3 and collects the rivers that drip from backup pad 15 and discharge into the drainage system, when the percolating water stream drips on backup pad 15, the non-infiltration surface on backup pad 15 prevents that the percolating water stream from outwards flowing wantonly, can only adsorb the percolating water stream and flow downwards behind the drainage side by the hydrophilic surface on backup pad 15 and drip into catchments escape canal and accomplish waterproof task.

Further, as shown in fig. 24, a bearing frame 25 with grid-shaped bearing beams 26 is processed, a waterproof board 1 with the size matched with the grid is installed on the bearing frame 25, at least the upper surface edge and the lower supporting and non-supporting boundary side of the supporting part for supporting the bearing frame 25 are processed into non-wetting surfaces or provided with continuous non-wetting surfaces, so as to prevent the seepage water flow from flowing downwards along the supporting part for supporting the bearing frame 25, and a water collecting drainage ditch is arranged below each supporting beam 26 of the bearing frame 25 to collect the water drops flowing downwards from each supporting beam 26 and discharge the water drops to complete the waterproof task. At this time, the surfaces are preferably hydrophilic except for the non-wetting surface treatment of the corresponding portion of the bearing frame 25 for supporting. In addition, a hydrophilic drainage belt or a drainage piece can be arranged on the non-infiltration surface of the supporting part of the bearing frame 25 to drain the water flow on the non-infiltration surface into the water collection drainage ditch, so that the waterproof effect is improved. In order to improve the water collecting effect, the cross section of each corbel 26 of the bearing frame 25 can be processed into an inverted trapezoid with a large upper part and a small lower part or other suitable shapes so as to reduce the water dripping surface of each corbel 26.

Further, as shown in fig. 28, the lower surface of the waterproof board 1 is processed into a U-shaped, V-shaped, arc-shaped or arc-shaped hydrophilic concave flow guiding curved surface or arc-shaped surface 31 with a downward opening and a suitable slope, so as to reduce the waterproof requirement of the waterproof board 1, when the waterproof board 1 itself leaks water, the flow guiding curved surface or arc-shaped surface 31 guides the leaking water to the edge around the flow guiding curved surface or arc-shaped surface 31 and then drips, in order to prevent the water flow under the waterproof board 1 from infiltrating upwards onto the waterproof board 1 to affect the waterproof effect, the surface around the edge of the flow guiding curved surface or arc-shaped surface 31 may be processed into a circle of non-infiltrating surface (the non-infiltrating surface around the edge needs to be within the range of the water flow collecting device, i.e. it is ensured that the water flow of the flow guiding curved surface or arc-shaped surface 31 above the non-infiltrating surface around the edge can still drip into the water flow collecting device). A slender non-wetting surface can be longitudinally arranged on the inclined surface of the flow guide curved surface or the arc surface 31, and a slender non-wetting surface can also be arranged at the watershed position, so that the seepage water flow can be prevented from being randomly wetted and flowing on the whole flow guide curved surface or the arc surface 31. The slope of the diversion curved surface or the cambered surface 31 is preferably gradually increased downwards.

Further, a hydrophilic flow guide member 12 with a proper size shown in fig. 8 and 9 is manufactured, the drainage side of the hydrophilic flow guide member 12 is provided with more than one flow guide structure 13 with a downward opening, such as a U shape, a V shape, an arc shape, a half U shape, a half V shape, a half arc shape, and a proper slope, the slope of the flow guide structure 13 is preferably gradually increased from top to bottom, the flow guide member 12 is placed on a support plate 15 (or a support beam 26, a bearing wall), the area of the flow guide member 12 on the support plate 15 is preferably a water dripping area above the interface of the waterproof plate 1, so as to ensure that the leakage water flow can completely drip on the flow guide member 12, the drainage side of the flow guide member 12 should exceed the drainage side of the support plate 15 and bend or freely sag downwards, and the highest position of the flow guide structure 13 of the flow guide member 12 is preferably lower than the lower surface of the support plate 15; the water collecting drainage ditch is installed, placed or arranged under the lowest position of the diversion structure 13 of the diversion piece 12, and when water leakage drips on the diversion piece 12, the water leakage is adsorbed by the diversion piece 12 and flows downwards after being drained to the drainage side of the diversion piece 12 until the lowest position of the diversion structure 13 drips into the water collecting drainage ditch. In this case, more surfaces of the support plate 15 can be processed to be non-wetting surfaces, or at least the drainage sides of the beams 26 of the support frame 25 and the sides of the upper surface without drainage can be processed to be non-wetting surfaces.

Further, referring to fig. 24, a waterproof drainage plate or a separation plate 23 which is impermeable to water and has at least non-wetting surfaces on the peripheral sides is disposed between the support plate 15, the support beam 26 or the load-bearing wall and the flow guide member 12, the width of the separation plate 23 is preferably larger than the width of the support plate 15 or the support beam 26, or the separation plate 23 is extended or extended beyond the drainage side of the support plate 15 or the support beam 26 and then bent downward, so that the hanging part of the flow guide member 12 is separated from the side of the support plate 15 or the support beam 26, thereby improving the waterproof effect.

Further, as shown in fig. 24, a vertical water collecting pipe 24 communicating with the drainage system is provided or installed just below the lowest position of the deflector structure 13 of the deflector 12 instead of the water collecting drainage ditch, making the structure of the drainage system simpler.

Furthermore, a water collecting box with a larger opening is added on the opening of the vertical water collecting pipe, so that the leakage water flow can be better collected in the vertical water collecting pipe.

Further, referring to fig. 14, a guide plate 18 capable of maintaining a bent shape and preventing leakage is added between the support plate 15 and the guide member 12, a drainage groove 19 having a certain gradient is formed in the bottom of the drainage side of the guide plate 18, an opening (the opening may be formed in the middle or end of the drainage groove 19) is formed in the lowest portion of the drainage groove 19, and a water collection box, a vertical water collection pipe, or a water collection drainage ditch is formed right below the opening of the drainage groove 19.

Further, the baffle 18 may be integrally formed with the support plate 15.

Further, when the flow guide 12 is in contact with the flashing 1, the non-wetting surface of the lower surface of the flashing 1 on the drainage side may be provided only at the boundary where the flow guide 12 is in contact with the flashing 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 10 and 15, an elongated hydrophilic drainage strip 14 is disposed at the lowest position of the diversion structure 13 and the drainage channel 19 of the diversion member 12, the drainage strip 14 can extend into the vertical water collecting pipe or the water collecting drainage ditch, and the drainage strip 14 can guide the leakage water flow into the water collecting box, the vertical water collecting pipe or the water collecting drainage ditch completely, so as to improve the drainage effect.

Furthermore, the flow guide piece 12 can be processed into a regular strip shape without a flow guide structure 13 on the side surface, the flow guide belt 14 is directly connected or arranged at the edge of the drainage side of the strip-shaped flow guide piece 12, and the water flow adsorbed on the flow guide belt 14 is directly drained and discharged by the flow guide belt 14; similarly, the drainage belt 14 can be connected with a wider hydrophilic drainage member, the wider hydrophilic drainage member is laid on a waterproof plane or a platform, and the hydrophilic drainage member absorbs the leakage water flow on the waterproof plane or the platform and then drains the leakage water flow by the drainage belt 14.

Furthermore, a water pipe connector 8 is arranged below the lowest position of the drainage groove 19 of the guide plate 18 and connected with a drainage pipe network, so that the water flow collection performance is improved.

Further, set up (using flexible deformation as the suitable) hydrophilic drainage piece on guide plate 18, adsorb interface seepage rivers and arrange into guide plate 18 by hydrophilic drainage piece, can stretch out suitable length of downwarping behind the drainage side of guide plate 18 with hydrophilic drainage piece, make drainage effect better, the drainage side that the curved flagging part of hydrophilic drainage piece especially terminal in order to laminate guide plate 18 is suitable.

Furthermore, the upper surface of the supporting plate 15 is processed into an inclined surface with one side higher than the other side, so that the side without the drainage task is higher than the side with the drainage task, the leaked water flow can smoothly flow out from the side with the drainage task of the supporting plate 15, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 12, a side edge 16 with a continuous non-wetting surface is arranged on the side without the drainage task of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23, which is higher than at least the upper surface of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23, so that the leaked water flow can not flow out from the side without the drainage task of the supporting plate 15, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 13, a non-wetting water bar 17 which can be attached to the non-wetting surfaces of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23 is mounted or placed on the upper surface of the side of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23 without the drainage task, so that the leaked water flow cannot flow out from the side of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23 without the drainage task, and the waterproof effect is improved.

Further, the connector of the waterproof board 1 above can be tightly attached to the supporting plate 15 and the hydrophilic part (such as the hydrophilic drainage part and the flow guide part 12), the hydrophilic part directly adsorbs the seepage water flow at the connector of the waterproof board 1, and then drainage is discharged, so that the seepage water flow is prevented from being excessively stopped at the connector of the lower surface of the waterproof board 1 to influence the waterproof effect. The contact area of the hydrophilic member with the flashing 1 cannot cross the non-wetted surface at the interface of the lower surface of the flashing 1.

Furthermore, the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23 can be processed into a curved plate which can be deformed and flat when being bent upwards and pressed slightly without constraint, so that each part of the supporting plate 15 and the isolation plate 23 can be in full contact with the interface of the waterproof plate 1.

Furthermore, supports are added in the flow guide part 12 at intervals, or the flow guide part 12 is processed by hydrophilic substances with a plurality of gaps, so that enough space can be reserved for draining water when the flow guide part 12 is in close contact with the waterproof board 1; or added supports spaced below or above the baffle 12.

Further, with reference to fig. 16, 17, 18, and 19, a guide plate 18 having drainage grooves 19 on both sides or a guide member 12 having a guide structure 13 on both sides is mounted on the support plate 15, so that both sides of the support plate 15 can normally drain water, thereby improving a waterproof effect; similarly, at least two side edges of the upper surface and two side surfaces of the support plate 15 and the partition plate 23, and the lower surface may be processed into non-wetting surfaces, and the middle portions of the upper surface and two side surfaces of the support plate 15 may be processed into hydrophilic surfaces, so that the support plate 15 may be drained at two sides. The water collecting device is arranged in the water dripping area of the drainage groove 19, the diversion structure 13 or the supporting plate 15.

Furthermore, the tail ends of the flow guide curved surfaces, the curved lines 13 or the flow guide pieces 12 on the two sides of the supporting plate 15 and the partition plate 23 can be connected or bundled together, so that the water dripping points are reduced, and the water flow collection is facilitated. The diversion inclined planes of the diversion parts on the periphery of the waterproof board can also be set to be continuous inclined planes or oblique lines which are sequentially reduced, so that the water dripping points are reduced, and even only one water dripping point can be reserved.

Furthermore, the upper (or lower) surfaces of the two ends of the support plate 15, the baffle plate 23 and the guide plate 18 are non-wetting surfaces, and a layer of non-wetting surface thin plate or film which can be attached to the two ends of the support plate 15, the guide plate 18 and the baffle plate 23 can be superposed at the interface to form a lap joint interface, so that the seepage water flow can be prevented from being wetted and flowing at the interface randomly. When the thicknesses of the supporting plate 15, the air deflector 18 and the isolation plate 23 are overlapped without affecting the waterproof effect, the two ends of the supporting plate 15, the air deflector 18 and the isolation plate 23 can be directly overlapped together, and the overlapped part of the water plate 15, the air deflector 18 and the isolation plate 23 is processed into a non-wetting surface.

Further, as shown in fig. 15, one or both ends of the horizontal portions of the support plate 15, the baffle plate 18, the baffle member 12, and the partition plate 23 are longer than the side portion of the drain, so that the horizontal portions of the support plate 15, the baffle plate 18, the baffle member 12, and the partition plate 23 are overlapped with each other without affecting the installation of the drain.

Further, as shown in fig. 20, the heights of the drainage grooves 19 at the two ends of the air deflector 18 can be set to be different, that is, one side is higher and the other side is lower, so that the joints of the air deflector 18 can be overlapped together one on the other to improve the waterproof effect; similarly, the heights of the flow guiding structures 13 at the two ends of the flow guiding element 12 can be different, that is, one side is higher and the other side is lower, so that the ends of two adjacent flow guiding structures 13 can be attached together when being installed.

Further, referring to fig. 41, more than one drainage layer (member) 47 and non-wetting layer (or drainage plate) 49 may be alternatively disposed between the drainage structure, especially the lap joint of the waterproof plate and the (latticed) bearing corbel, bearing plate, bearing wall, etc. with good self-waterproof performance, and overlapped up and down, and the water inlet side (side where water enters the joint) of each layer, i.e. the outer side, is moved backward to the drainage side (side of the water discharge joint) by a sufficient width on the basis of the upper water inlet side, so as to ensure that the water inlet side of each non-wetting layer and the non-wetting surface of the drainage structure below can be tightly attached to each other by a certain width to prevent water leakage, and ensure that the water inlet side of each drainage layer and the drainage surface of the drainage structure can be fully contacted to absorb the leaked water and drain and discharge the leaked water. If the non-infiltration layer is made of flexible materials, the non-infiltration layer can be used for wrapping the water inlet side of the drainage layer after the previous non-infiltration layer turns backwards, namely the water outlet side, with a certain width to form a non-infiltration layer interface, so that the interfaces of all layers are smoother. The upper drainage layer and the lower drainage layer are required to be completely separated by each non-infiltration layer, so that the influence of mutual infiltration of seepage water flow between the drainage layers on the waterproof effect is prevented. In order to smoothly discharge the leakage water into the drainage channel 19, the drainage side of each layer is bent downward above the drainage channel 19 so that the leakage water can accurately flow into the drainage channel 19. Each of the drainage layer 47 and the non-wetting layer 49 may be of an integral structure or a separate structure.

Furthermore, the drainage element, in particular the integrated drainage layer, can also be provided with a shape-stabilizing frame in order to stabilize the structure or shape of the integrated drainage layer. Likewise, the downward drip end of the drainage element, especially the integrated drainage layer, can also be provided with a continuous slope, a gradient slope or an inclined plane, and the drip point can be provided at the bottom or at a suitable position.

Further, as shown in fig. 21, an opening 21 is longitudinally provided at the middle portion of the support plate 15 and the guide plate 18 for discharging the leakage water flow; when the support plate 15 is used, the periphery of the lower surface of the opening 21 is a non-wetting surface, and the drainage side of the flow guide member 12 can be arranged in the opening 21 and extend out; in the case of the deflector 18, the drainage side is disposed below the opening 21, the drainage side may be disposed on one side, both sides or all around below the opening 21, and the drainage side and the deflector 18 may be processed into a whole or into a combined split structure. In this case, lateral edges 16 or water bars 17 may be provided on both sides of the upper surface.

Further, as shown in fig. 22, in the split structure of the drainage side and the flow guide plate 18, the connection between the drainage side and the flow guide plate 18 may be engaged with each other through the foldable bayonet 22; but may also be attached by riveting, screwing, gluing, etc. in a suitable manner.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 23, the drainage sides of the diversion members 12 under each unit are extended or enlarged to be connected with each other and form more than one inclined plane 32 with proper gradient and the lowest concentrated water dropping area or point downward to form a hydrophilic diversion convex surface 27, and the hydrophilic inclined plane 32 of the diversion convex surface 27 drains the leakage water to the concentrated water dropping area or point and then drops, so that the whole waterproof unit is provided with only one water collecting point or water collecting area, which not only can reduce the difficulty of collecting the leakage water flow, but also can be provided with less water collecting devices. The diversion convex surface 27 can be paved in more than two waterproof units or grids by using a flexible material with larger size, and also can be paved and connected in one waterproof unit or grid by using a plurality of flexible materials; the flow guiding convex surface 27 can also be made of a material which can keep the basic shape unchanged, or the lower surface of the waterproof board can be directly made into the flow guiding convex surface 27. At this time, at least the upper edge of the side surface of the support on the flow guide convex surface 27 needs to be processed into a non-infiltration surface to prevent the seepage water flow from infiltrating and flowing downwards along the side surface of the support; in addition, it is preferable to provide a wider, straight or slightly downward-bent partition plate 23 on each support beam 26 of the support plate 15 and the bearing frame 25, but the curvature of the partition plate 23 cannot be too large to ensure that the edges of both sides can always contact with the lower surface of the flow guide convex surface 27, so that the leakage water flow can completely leave the edge support, so that the flow guide effect of the flow guide convex surface 27 is better, the edges of both sides of at least the lower surface of the partition plate 23 (the edges of both sides of the partition plate 23 when the partition plate 23 is thicker) are non-wetting surfaces, and the edge of the partition plate 23 contacting with the flow guide convex surface 27 is preferably thinner or sharper, so that the water flow cannot drip along the edge of the partition plate 23.

Further, as shown in fig. 25, when the flow guiding convex surface 27 is made of a flexible material, more than one shaping ring 28 may be added at the middle-lower portion of the flow guiding convex surface 27 to tighten the slack state, so that the gradient of the flow guiding convex surface 27 from top to bottom increases, which is favorable for collecting the leakage water flow. The flow guide convex surface 27 with the gradient increasing from top to bottom can also be made of a material which can keep the basic shape unchanged; the flexible flow guiding convex surface 27 can also be designed into a structure with the gradient increasing from top to bottom.

Furthermore, a heavy object is arranged in the concentrated water dripping area or the water dripping point of the flexible flow guide convex surface 27, so that the water dripping area or the water dripping point of the flow guide convex surface 27 is protruded downwards and concentrated, the water collecting effect is better, or the flow guide belt 14 is arranged in the concentrated water dripping area or the water dripping point.

Further, the edge of the upper surface of the supporting part of the supporting plate 15, the side surfaces of the supporting and non-supporting boundary and the bottom surface can be processed into a continuous non-wetting surface, the side surface of the supporting part of the supporting plate 15, which is not supporting, is processed into a hydrophilic surface, the bottom surface of the supporting part of the supporting plate 15, which is not supporting, is processed into a hydrophilic flow guide curved surface (arc surface) or inclined surface with a downward opening, and the flow guide curved surface or inclined surface is downwardly converged into a smaller surface or line from one side or both sides, or downwardly converged into a smaller surface or point from both sides or more sides. Or a flow guide convex surface 27 is added or installed on the bottom surface of the non-supporting part of the supporting plate 15.

Further, as shown in fig. 26, a water collecting bucket 33 with a non-wetting surface on at least the upper surface of the peripheral edge is directly made of a non-water-leakage-proof material to replace the flow guiding convex surface 27, and an opening 29 is arranged at the lowest part of the water collecting bucket 33 and connected with a drainage system for intensively discharging the collected water flow; after the water collecting hopper 33 is installed, an anti-seepage plate or a membrane (or a separation plate 23) with at least two lower surfaces being non-infiltration surfaces is installed or arranged above an interface of the edge of the water collecting hopper 33 to prevent seepage water flow from entering the interface of the water collecting hopper 33, the non-infiltration lower surfaces of the anti-seepage plate or the membrane are tightly attached to the non-infiltration upper surfaces around the water collecting hopper 33, or a non-infiltration surface water retaining strip 17 which is easy to deform is arranged between the non-infiltration lower surfaces of the anti-seepage plate or the membrane and the non-infiltration upper surfaces around the water collecting hopper 33, so that the two non-infiltration surfaces are better in tight attachment performance. The interfaces of the anti-seepage plates or the anti-seepage films can be mutually overlapped together, or the anti-seepage plates or the anti-seepage films with proper sizes are further overlapped at the interfaces, the overlapped or overlapped areas are non-wetted surfaces, and the hydrophilic drainage strips are transversely arranged at the overlapped or overlapped areas to drain the water flow permeating into the interfaces. When the edge of the water catchment bucket 33 is thin, the anti-seepage plate or the membrane can be arranged below the interface of the water catchment bucket 33, and the position of the drainage interface is adjusted correspondingly. Opening 29 can be connected with the drain pipe network sealing, also can set up water pipe connector 8 in the below of opening 29 and conveniently be connected with the drain pipe network. At this time, the waterproof requirement for the waterproof board 1 can be reduced, and only the waterproof board 1 can play a supporting role.

Furthermore, the edge of the upper surface of the supporting portion of the supporting plate 15 and the side and bottom surfaces of the supporting and non-supporting boundary can be processed into continuous non-wetting surfaces, and a water collecting hopper 33 matched with the supporting portion is arranged below the supporting portion of the supporting plate 15.

Further, as shown in fig. 27, a frame 30 is processed around the water collecting hopper 33 or the convex diversion surface 27, and the frame 30 can maintain a proper and stable shape to facilitate installation.

Further, as shown in fig. 29 and 30, side edges 16 are added to the peripheral edges of the side frames 30, the area enclosed by the side edges is larger than the area of the waterproof board 1, so that the waterproof board 1 can be conveniently installed in the side edges 16, and the side edges 16 of two adjacent side frames 30 are covered by a U-shaped, V-shaped, arc-shaped or pi-shaped waterproof cover 34 with a downward opening, so that the downward leakage of water flow from the space between the side edges 16 of two adjacent side frames 30 is prevented. Similarly, the support plate 15, the guide plate 18 and the partition plate 23 which are not leaked around the lower part of the waterproof board 1 can be integrally processed, and the side edge 16 can be added around the periphery.

Further, become adjacent or guide plate 18 and water drainage tank 19 all around below the waterproof board 1 to increase the degree of depth of water drainage tank 19 (still can level and smooth the bottom of water drainage tank 19), and only set up one or limited outlet and the drain pipe network intercommunication of quantity in the great basin 19 bottom of the great basin of the degree of depth of integration, make seepage rivers form water pressure or difference in height in darker escape canal, discharge seepage rivers by water pressure or difference in height.

Further, as shown in fig. 40, the guide plate 18 and the drainage groove 19 adjacent to each other or around the lower part of the waterproof board 1 are connected end to form a whole, the drainage groove 19 is higher on one side and lower on the other side to form a sloping continuous drainage groove 19, and a drainage port is arranged at the lowest part of the continuous drainage groove 19 and connected with a drainage system, especially a drainage pipe network, so as to reduce a water collecting device.

Furthermore, the inner side wall (i.e. the frame 30 or the other side close to the waterproof board interface) of the drainage groove 19 in the guide plate 18 can be extended upwards and can be attached to the waterproof board, so that the water vapor in the drainage groove 19 is prevented from overflowing and infiltrating the waterproof board. The inner side wall of the drainage groove 19 can be extended upwards and then horizontally folded inwards or outwards, and the folded part can be attached to the waterproof board. A gasket (preferably, a flexible non-wettable material) may be provided between the horizontal folded piece of the inner side wall of the drain tank 19 which can be bonded to the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet.

Furthermore, when the installation space is limited and the guide plate 18 integrated around can not be installed, the guide plate and the drainage groove 19 on the corresponding side of the guide plate 18 integrated around can be cut off and then connected in an up-and-down overlapping manner, and the drainage groove 19 can be formed into a continuous drainage groove 19 with a height fall.

Further, as shown in fig. 31, an integral multidirectional conjoined waterproof cover interface 35 having a waterproof cover 34 at each of a plurality of (three or four) directions is used at a plurality of waterproof cover 34 interfaces.

Further, the top arc-shaped inner surfaces of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 are preferably hydrophilic surfaces.

Further, at least the peripheral surface of the lower surface or the inner surface of the waterproof cover 34 is a non-wetting surface, so that the seepage water flow is prevented from being wetted randomly from bottom to top. Similarly, the lower surface or the inner surface of the waterproof cover interface 35 may be processed into a non-wetting surface, and the upper surface or the outer surface of the interface at the two ends of the waterproof cover 34 may be processed into a non-wetting surface, so as to prevent the seepage water from freely wetting and flowing at the interface.

Further, as shown in fig. 32 and 33, a stabilizing plate 36 is horizontally disposed outwardly at the bottom edge of both sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35, and when the waterproof cover is installed, the stabilizing plate 36 is disposed under the waterproof plate 1 to prevent the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 from moving to affect the covering effect when sealing is performed above, so that the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 can stably cover each side edge 16.

Further, as shown in fig. 34, the baffle 37 is horizontally disposed inward at the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35, so as to prevent the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 from tightly contacting the inner side edge 16 and the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover interface 35 from tightly contacting the waterproof cover 34, so that the leakage water is siphoned upward, and the waterproof effect is affected.

Further, the end of the baffle 37 horizontally arranged inward on the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 is folded upward, and a baffle or a purlin with proper thickness can be arranged in the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 to prevent the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the inner side edges 16 and the inner surfaces of the two sides of the waterproof cover interface 35 from being in close contact with the waterproof cover 34.

Further, the baffle 37 is horizontally arranged inward at the bottom edges of the two sides, and the structure that the tail end of the baffle 37 is folded upward can be arranged in only one of the two structures of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35.

Further, the side surfaces or the side edges 16 on both sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the waterproof cover interface 35 may be processed into uneven surfaces to prevent the inner surfaces on both sides of the waterproof cover 34 and the inner side edges 16 and 35 from being in close contact with the waterproof cover 34.

Further, as shown in fig. 38, an impervious isolation plate (the isolation plate is preferably disposed on the corresponding frame 30) and a connecting sheet 44 are disposed above the diversion plate 18, the catchment bucket 33 or the diversion convex surface 27, at least the lower surface edges of the side edges and the port interfaces of the isolation plate and the connecting sheet 44 are non-wetting surfaces, the length of the isolation plate is preferably equivalent to the side length of the waterproof plate, the width of the isolation plate is preferably equivalent to or slightly wider than the width of the lower bearing structure of the waterproof plate, so that the two sides of the isolation plate can be close to the drainage side of the diversion plate 18 or extend out of the drainage side edge of the diversion plate 18, each side (two, three or four directions) of the connecting sheet 44 is provided with a bump 45 to be connected with the isolation plate, the bump 45 of the connecting sheet 44 and the interfaces at the two ends of the isolation plate are overlapped one on another in a staggered manner one above the other, so that the connecting sheet 44 and the isolation plate form an overlapped interface, and at least the joint surfaces of the overlapped interface are provided with non-wetting surfaces which are mutually attached, preventing water from penetrating into the lap joint. The upper and lower positions of the connecting piece 44 and the isolation plate can be set or arranged arbitrarily. Similarly, the lug 45 of the connecting piece 44 and the interfaces at the two ends of the isolation plate can be aligned up and down and then spliced together to form a splicing interface, and then an impermeable connecting block or connecting piece is lapped together with the connecting piece 44 and the ports of the isolation plate to form a lapping interface. Of course, the connecting piece 44 may be square, and only the sides of the connecting piece 44 need to smoothly discharge the water flow (i.e., the leakage water flow is discharged to the drainage side of each structure or facility).

Furthermore, more than one rib or groove can be transversely arranged on the lap joint area (especially on the upper surface of the joint attaching area below the lap joint), so that water flow permeating into the joint can be automatically discharged to two sides of the joint along the rib or groove, and the water flow permeating into the joint is prevented from continuously flowing or infiltrating to the port of the joint. The surface of the convex edge is preferably a non-wetting surface, and the side of the convex edge close to the water can be set as a hydrophilic surface; the surface of the groove is preferably a hydrophilic surface, the upper surfaces of two sides or two sides of the groove are preferably non-wetting surfaces, or a hydrophilic drainage strip is arranged in the groove of the non-wetting surfaces, and the hydrophilic drainage strip absorbs and drains the seepage water flow permeating into the groove to two sides of the interface.

Furthermore, a non-wetting gasket (preferably flexible) can be arranged between the non-wetting surfaces of the isolation plate, the connecting sheet 44 and the frame 30 to prevent water flow from entering the gap between the isolation plate, the connecting sheet 44 and the frame 30 from the side, or at least one non-wetting surface of the lap joint is set as a flexible non-wetting surface, so that the non-wetting surfaces of the lap joint are completely attached to improve the waterproof effect.

Further, as shown in fig. 39, the side edges of the partition plate and the connecting plate 44 may be bent downward to form side wings 46, so that the leaked water can be directly discharged downward, thereby improving the waterproof effect.

Furthermore, the ports of the flow guide plate 18 and the connecting sheet 44 can be aligned up and down, i.e. horizontally butted, or the ports of the flow guide plate 18 are directly butted horizontally with each other, a non-wetting connecting sheet or a membrane is arranged at the interface to be lapped on the non-wetting surfaces of the flow guide plate 18 and the connecting sheet 44 at the interface to form a non-wetting surface interface which is jointed, and a hydrophilic drainage piece or a combined drainage piece with hydrophilic and hydrophobic intervals is preferably transversely arranged between the non-wetting surface interfaces.

Furthermore, it is preferable to arrange hydrophilic drainage sheets or blocks at the side edges of the diversion plate 18 and the connection piece 44 (or arrange hydrophilic drainage sheets or blocks at the outer edges between the diversion plate 18, the connection piece 44 and the frame 30), and the hydrophilic drainage sheets or blocks are bent to extend downwards into or above the drainage groove 19, so that the leaked water can be quickly drained into the drainage system. Hydrophilic drainage sheets or blocks may also be provided

Further, as shown in fig. 20, the hydrophilic drainage strips 20 are transversely arranged in the overlapping areas of the port non-wetting surfaces of the support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the connecting sheet 44, and preferably bend and droop downwards after extending out of the drainage side, and the drainage strips 20 drain the water flow penetrating into the overlapping areas to the drainage side, so that the waterproof effect is improved; similarly, hydrophilic drainage strips can be transversely installed between the non-wetted surfaces of the waterproof cover interface 35 and the waterproof cover 34 which are overlapped with each other, namely in a direction close to the vertical direction, so that the waterproof effect is improved.

Further, the hydrophilic drainage strip 20 can be replaced by a combined drainage piece with the hydrophilic drainage strip 20 and a hydrophobic strip of a non-wetted surface being spaced, and the port of the drainage strip 20, i.e. the water outlet, is preferably arranged on the drainage side. The hydrophobic strips enable the lap joint area of the non-wetting surface to be attached more tightly, and the anti-seepage effect is better.

Furthermore, a hydrophilic surface or substance is preferably disposed below the position where the leakage water flow leaves the waterproof board, and the leakage water flow is adsorbed by the hydrophilic surface or substance and directly drained downwards, so as to improve the waterproof effect. The thickness of the hydrophilic substance is preferably larger than the thickness of a normal water droplet (3mm or more).

Furthermore, the water outlet of the hydrophilic drainage strip is prolonged and bent downwards (certainly, the water outlet of the hydrophobic strip can be prolonged and bent downwards together), so that the leaked water flow can flow into a drainage system below more quickly; when the drainage channel of overlap joint interface did not set up hydrophilic drainage strip, can set up drainage strip and buckle downwards at drainage channel's delivery port, make the drainage system of the inflow below that seepage rivers can be faster.

Further, as shown in fig. 35, a hollow cylindrical mounting bolt 38 is processed or disposed on the frame 30 around the water collecting bucket 33 or the convex diversion surface 27, and a hole is also processed at a corresponding position on the waterproof unit, when mounting, the hole of the waterproof unit is sleeved on the mounting bolt 38 of the frame 30, and then the waterproof unit is fastened with the base by fastening screws or suitable fasteners penetrating through the hollow cylindrical mounting bolt 38, and the fastening screws, fasteners or gaskets are also subjected to surface waterproof treatment to prevent water flow from entering the mounting bolt 38 along the fastening screws or fasteners to affect the waterproof effect. At the moment, only a matched fastening facility needs to be arranged on the base, the interface is properly sealed, and a sealing material is not covered on a waterproof unit any more. The method can also be applied to a waterproof environment in which the peripheral support plate 15, the guide plate 18, the isolation plate 23 and the like are integrated under a waterproof unit. A downward cover can be machined, arranged or installed on the fastening screw and the fastening piece to cover the installation bolt 38, or the surface of the fastening screw and the fastening piece overlapped with the installation bolt 38 is machined into a non-wetting surface, and a non-wetting substance is filled between the non-wetting surfaces of the fastening screw and the fastening piece overlapped with the installation bolt 38; or directly machining the overlapping surfaces of the fastening screws, fasteners and mounting studs 38 into non-wetted surfaces that can be in intimate contact to prevent water from entering the spaces between the fastening screws, fasteners and mounting studs 38. An annular gasket or washer having a non-wetted surface in intimate contact with the non-wetted surface of the mounting stud 38 may also be provided between the fastening screw or fastener and the non-wetted surface of the mounting stud 38, preferably in the form of a cylinder that tightly surrounds the fastening screw or fastener and is in intimate contact with the mounting stud 38, and preferably tightly fills the space between the fastening screw or fastener and the non-wetted surface of the mounting stud 38; the annular gasket or washer may also be provided as a continuous double annular structure so that the double annular gasket or washer may be tightly fitted over both the fastening screw or fastener and the mounting stud 38, preferably cylindrical; the annular gasket or washer is preferably made of a flexible material.

Further, instead of the mounting bolts 38, mounting holes or fastening holes may be formed in the non-wetting surface of the frame 30, the surface of the fastening member (fastening cover or cover of the fastening member) that is attached to the frame 30 may be processed into a non-wetting surface, and a non-wetting surface film or a non-wetting surface gasket may be disposed between the fastening member (fastening cover or cover of the fastening member) and the non-wetting surface of the frame 30 during fastening, so that the non-wetting surface film or the non-wetting surface gasket may be omitted when the non-wetting surface of the fastening member and the non-wetting surface of the frame 30 can be completely and closely attached.

Further, in the present embodiment, the foregoing embodiments can be applied to slope and vertical plane with certain slope for waterproof. When the water-proof system is provided with the flow guide structure, the corresponding flow guide structure can be transversely clamped between a slope or a vertical surface and a non-infiltration surface of the water-proof material, the lowest part of the upper flow guide structure and the lower flow guide structure is communicated from top to bottom by using the vertical flow guide belt and extends into the water-proof system, the slope or the vertical surface at the vertical flow guide belt and the surface of the water-proof material are between the non-infiltration surfaces, and the vertical flow guide belt directly guides and discharges the leakage water flow downwards. Suitable gutters or (preferably concave) waterproofing membranes may also be provided between the vertical drainage strips and the slope or vertical surface to enhance drainage. And the drainage channel, the hydrophilic flow guide piece and the like on the guide plate can be also applied in a waterproof mode, only the transverse drainage channel, the hydrophilic flow guide piece and the like are suitable to be arranged at proper slopes, and the transverse drainage channel and the lowest part of the hydrophilic flow guide piece are communicated by the vertical drainage channel and the hydrophilic flow guide piece. And other installation is carried out as usual.

Further, referring to fig. 36, a fixing hole or a fixing seat 40 is directly formed in the supporting surface 39, a non-wetting sheet 42 is disposed below the fixing hole 33 of the waterproof material 1 and extends into the drainage ditch, a hydrophilic drainage member 41 is disposed between the waterproof material 1 and the non-wetting sheet 42 and extends into the drainage ditch 3 or the drainage pipe network, and the hydrophilic drainage member 41 is not too long to extend into the drainage ditch 3, so as to avoid contact with the accumulated water in the ditch to affect the waterproof effect; the fixing hole or fixing seat 40 penetrates through the middle parts of the non-wetting sheet 42 and the hydrophilic drainage piece 41, and the hole of the hydrophilic drainage piece 41 is not too large and needs to be completely attached to the periphery of the penetrated fastener. At least the overlapping area of the non-wetting surface of the lower surface of the waterproof material 1 and the non-wetting sheet 42 is the non-wetting surface, or the non-wetting surface of the non-wetting sheet 42 overlapped with the waterproof material 1 is not smaller than the size of the hydrophilic drainage member 41. The overlapping area of the non-wetting sheet 42 outside the hydrophilic drainage piece 41 and the waterproof material 1 is preferably tightly attached to prevent the leakage water flow from being wetted or flowing at will, or a flexible non-wetting strip is arranged on the overlapping area of the non-wetting sheet 42 outside the hydrophilic drainage piece 41 and the non-wetting surface of the waterproof material 1, so that the non-wetting sheet 42 and the waterproof material 1 are better attached to each other; or the non-wetting strips are arranged at the periphery outside the water outlet of the hydrophilic drainage piece 32, and the non-wetting strips are preferably made of flexible materials with the pressing thickness not less than the pressing thickness of the hydrophilic drainage piece 32, so that the hydrophilic drainage piece 41 can be unfolded and the drainage is smooth. A non-wetting ointment may be applied to the interface of the non-wetting sheet 42 and the fastener or a non-wetting pad or gasket, preferably flexible, may be provided to prevent leakage water from the fastening interface. The fastening member may be a screw and nut combination, a rivet, or other suitable fastening means, so that the waterproof material 1 can be directly fixed on the supporting surface via the fastening member.

Further, when the support surface is capable of forming a continuous non-wetted surface, the support surface may also be directly machined to a non-wetted surface of suitable width to the drain without the non-wetted sheet 42.

Further, referring to fig. 37, a protruded fixing seat 43 is disposed at the fixing hole of the non-wetting sheet 42, and the fixing seat 43 is preferably slightly higher than the waterproof material 1 to prevent water from entering the fixing seat. In this case, the surface of the upper fastener to be bonded to the waterproof material 1 is preferably processed into a non-wetted surface, or a non-wetted surface gasket is provided between the two non-wetted surfaces, a non-wetted cylindrical gasket is preferably provided between the fastener and the holder 34, and the inner and outer surfaces of the holder 34 are preferably processed into non-wetted surfaces.

Furthermore, when the interface of the waterproof material 1 can be completely sealed and does not leak water, the water outlet (reduced by finishing or reconnecting the tiny water diversion strips) of the hydrophilic drainage component 41 can be directly placed or inserted into the water inlet of the drainage pipe network, and the water outlet is preferably wrapped by a waterproof membrane, so that the leaked water enters the drainage system and prevents water vapor from infiltrating other parts.

Furthermore, each hydrophilic drainage piece, non-wetting strip, non-wetting gasket or gasket and the like of the embodiment can be processed independently, and can also be arranged or processed together with a corresponding waterproof board, a drainage ditch, accessories, a non-wetting sheet, fasteners and the like to be used as combined accessories; and adjacent structures or components can be processed together to form a combined accessory, so that construction and installation are facilitated.

Furthermore, a connecting steel bar extending out of the upper surface of the waterproof board can be fixedly arranged on the supporting and draining structure, a steel bar net is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof board to be connected with the connecting steel bar extending out upwards, and concrete or a condensing material is poured on the waterproof board to fix the waterproof board. Or connecting the reinforcing mesh laid on the waterproof board with the fastener which penetrates through the non-wetting sheet 42 and the hydrophilic drainage member 41 and has surface waterproof arrangement.

Furthermore, a fastening strip can be arranged on the waterproof material, and the waterproof material is fixedly connected to the supporting structure after penetrating through the fastening strip by a fastening piece. Or concrete and other condensation materials are directly filled between the waterproof material interfaces to be solidified and then the waterproof materials are fixedly connected, or the waterproof materials and the supporting structure are simultaneously solidified together.

Furthermore, the water inlet side is a joint water flow inlet side, and the water outlet side is a joint water flow outlet side.

In order to make the non-wetting and hydrophilic functional components fully contact or closely adhere to the non-wetting surface of the waterproof board 1, an easily deformable flexible cushion layer can be arranged between the lowest layer and the bearing surface, or a soft and easily deformable hydrophilic substance is used as a hydrophilic diversion block or a hydrophilic diversion drainage component.

In this embodiment, the waterproof film is preferably a non-wetting surface film material.

In order to improve the water conservancy diversion effect on hydrophilic layer water conservancy diversion layer, can vertically increase the suitable hard thing of shape and quantity in each hydrophilic water conservancy diversion layer, or with each hydrophilic water conservancy diversion layer processing into the numerous water conservancy diversion layer in hole, or with the rigid material processing hydrophilic water conservancy diversion layer of the numerous hydrophilicity in hole, make each hydrophilic water conservancy diversion layer be unlikely to by excessive compaction and influence the water conservancy diversion effect.

In the embodiment, the self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system and other waterproof technologies can be used for simultaneously carrying out more than two waterproof treatments on the waterproof area, so that the waterproof effect is improved.

Further, when the waterproof unit is a rigid structure or can keep a fixed shape, a transverse groove with an outward opening can be arranged on the wall at the interface of the waterproof unit and the wall, and at least the edge of the upper surface of the transverse groove is processed into a non-wetting surface, or the upper surface of the transverse groove is processed into a non-wetting surface with a low outer part and a high inner part or an uneven non-wetting surface; the upper surface of the transverse groove can be flush with the lower surface of the waterproof unit, or slightly lower than the lower surface of the waterproof unit, or contacted with the side surface of the waterproof unit, so that the leaked water flow can smoothly enter the drainage ditch; the upper surface of the horizontal groove is slightly higher than the upper surface of the waterproof unit, and the waterproof unit extends into the horizontal groove, so that water flow on the wall firstly drips on the waterproof unit and then drips into the drainage ditch or is drained through drainage of a drainage facility. The height of the lateral grooves is preferably such that they do not interfere with the installation and waterproofing of a gutter or other waterproofing means.

Furthermore, when the upper side and the lower side of the self-discharging assembled surface energy waterproof system are both closed and water vapor is difficult to discharge from the closed environment, the proper size and number of vent holes penetrating through the side walls can be arranged on the bearing support beams and the bearing walls, so that the water vapor can be discharged by self circulation. Similarly, the bearing plate 15, the isolation plate 23, the connecting sheet 44, the guide plate 18, the bearing support beam under the water collecting bucket 33 or the guide convex surface 27, and the bearing wall can be provided with a pad at intervals or provided with holes instead of vent holes, so that the water vapor can automatically flow and be discharged. Or a base plate with holes can be arranged between the bearing support beam and the closed facility below the assembled surface energy waterproof facility at intervals to replace vent holes, and if a bearing wall exists, the vent holes are arranged on the bearing wall, so that water vapor can flow through and be discharged.

Furthermore, a ventilation system which can exchange air with the outside is arranged in the self-exhaust assembly type surface energy waterproof system which is sealed at the upper part and the lower part and is provided with the vent holes, so that water vapor in the sealed environment can be discharged in time.

Furthermore, more than one air humidity sensor is arranged in the closed environment in the self-discharging assembly type surface energy waterproof system and is connected with the ventilation system (through a control system), and when the humidity in the closed environment is higher, the air humidity sensor sends out a starting or running instruction signal to enable the ventilation system to run, so that the wet air in the closed environment is discharged; when the humidity in the closed environment is small or dry, the air humidity sensor sends a braking or stopping command signal to close the ventilation system.

In the present embodiment, the hydrophilic drainage block, drainage strip, drainage member and the like are all fittings with the same function or the same fittings; the non-wetting blocks, strips, pieces and the like are all accessories with the same function or are the same accessory; the aforementioned strips, blocks, pieces are not limited to a fixed shape or a common sense of the art, and the present solution is applicable to any of various regular geometric configurations or irregular geometric configurations (e.g., rods, tubes, rings, sheets, blocks, balls, etc.) applicable to the present embodiment.

The embodiment is not limited to the use in the aspect of building waterproofing, and can be applied or suitable for the field of waterproofing treatment by applying the waterproof technical scheme.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A self-discharging assembled surface energy waterproof system is characterized in that waterproof units are spliced together to form a lap joint, and a waterproof facility is arranged at the joint to collect and discharge seepage water flow;

the waterproof facility comprises a drainage structure, a non-infiltration surface functional area and a water flow collecting and discharging system;

the drainage structure and the waterproof unit interface form a lap joint interface to discharge the leaked water flow out of the interface, and the lap joint interface comprises a drainage ditch, a drainage plate, a support plate, an isolation plate, a guide plate and a support or bearing structure;

the non-wetting surface functional area is formed by processing at least the edge or the boundary of the surface without the drainage task and the surface of the area where water flow is forbidden to enter into a non-wetting surface;

the water flow collecting system comprises a drainage ditch, a drainage groove, a drainage pipe network, a water collecting box and a water collecting hopper.

2. The self-draining fabricated surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 1 wherein the catchment hoppers, the convex diversion surfaces, the drains or the drainage channels of the individual waterproofing units, the outer sides of the drainage devices or the upper edges of the outer side walls are provided with or integrated with a frame of stable shape, said frame being placed under the drainage structure, between the drainage structure and the supporting structure, and between the drainage structure and the waterproofing material.

3. The self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproof system as claimed in claim 2, wherein side edges are added upwards to the outer edges of the peripheral frames, and the area enclosed by the side edges is larger than the area of the waterproof unit; and covering the side edges of two adjacent frames with a V-shaped, U-shaped or several-shaped waterproof cover with a downward opening.

4. The self-draining fabricated surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the water-repellent unit underdrain grooves, gutters are sloped;

the gradient includes: the drainage ditches or drainage grooves at the periphery under the waterproof unit are integrally connected end to end and have continuous gradient; the drainage ditches or drainage grooves on the periphery under the waterproof unit are connected end to end with continuous gradient or gradient; one end of the drainage ditch or the drainage groove is higher and the other end is lower; the two end ports are provided with a V-shaped drainage ditch or a drainage groove with a height difference and the lowest middle part; the V-shaped drainage ditch or drainage groove with two end ports higher than the middle part and the lowest end port;

the lowest part of the drainage ditch or the drainage groove is provided with a drainage port or a water pipe interface which is communicated with a drainage system.

5. The self-draining fabricated surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 3 wherein the waterproofing cover or drainage structures are directly staggered up and down to form non-wetted surface lap joints; or the joint interface of the waterproof cover or the drainage structure aligned up and down forms a lap joint interface with the waterproof cover in the corresponding direction or the connecting sheet with the extending or protruding interface in the corresponding direction and the two sides of the interface, and the overlapping area of the waterproof cover interface and the waterproof cover, and the connecting sheet and the drainage structure has an overlapped or jointed non-infiltration surface.

6. The self-discharging assembled surface energy waterproof system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a drainage device is arranged in the waterproof interface area, and the drainage device comprises a flow guide structure and a drainage facility;

the flow guide structure has a slope, can guide the leaked water flow from a high position to a lowest position of the flow guide structure and then drip or discharge the leaked water flow, and comprises a flow guide inclined plane and a water collecting hopper, wherein the flow guide inclined plane comprises a hydrophilic concave flow guide curved surface or arc surface and a convex flow guide curved surface or arc surface, the lower surface or lower opening of the waterproof plate is downward;

the drainage facility can lead the leakage water flow permeating into the interface out of the waterproof interface or into the drainage facility, and comprises a hydrophilic drainage piece, or a combined drainage piece with the hydrophilic drainage piece and the non-infiltration piece spaced apart, and also comprises a hydrophilic groove and a non-infiltration convex edge between the overlapping ports;

the drainage facility also comprises more than one drainage layer and non-infiltration layer which are alternately overlapped among the lap joints, the water inlet side of each layer is moved backwards to the water drainage side by enough width on the basis of the water inlet side of the upper layer, so that the drainage facility can be tightly attached to the non-infiltration surface on the lower drainage structure by a certain width, and the upper drainage layer and the lower drainage layer are completely separated by each non-infiltration layer;

the drainage facility also comprises a strip-shaped hydrophilic drainage piece arranged at the water outlet of the flow guide structure, the drainage ditch or the drainage groove and extending into the drainage system;

the drainage facility also comprises a sloping line or a sloping plane with continuous gradient or gradient arranged at the downward water dropping end of the drainage piece, in particular the integral drainage layer.

7. The self-draining fabricated surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 6 wherein the lower end or the end of the drainage facility is lower than the lower surface at the lap joint, the interface; or the end of the drainage facility is bent downwards.

8. The self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 1, wherein a fastening stabilizing structure is provided between the waterproofing unit and the supporting structure or the waterproofing cover;

the fastening stabilization structure includes:

the fastener penetrates downwards through the edge of the waterproof unit or the gap of the waterproof unit, and the drainage structure is fixedly connected with the supporting structure;

laying reinforced concrete on the waterproof unit, and enabling part of steel bars in the reinforced concrete to penetrate through the edge of the waterproof unit or the gap of the waterproof unit, and fixedly connecting the drainage structure with the support structure;

filling a condensation material between the waterproof material interfaces, and condensing and fixedly connecting the waterproof material at the interfaces or the waterproof material and the supporting structure together by the condensation material;

and a stabilizing plate is outwards and horizontally arranged at the bottom edges of the two sides of the waterproof cover and the waterproof cover interface and is arranged below the waterproof plate.

9. The self-arranging assembly type surface energy waterproofing system according to claim 1, 2 or 8, wherein a water blocking structure is provided at the waterproofing interface; the water blocking structure comprises a water blocking interface, a water blocking surface and a blocking structure;

the interface that blocks water is the non-infiltration surface of the laminating that the interface set up, includes:

a layer of flexible non-wetting surface material is arranged between the non-wetting surfaces of the lap joints, or at least one non-wetting surface of the lap joints is arranged as a flexible non-wetting surface, so that the non-wetting surfaces of the lap joints are completely jointed,

the inner side wall of the drainage groove is attached to the lower surface of the waterproof unit, or a non-infiltration surface material is arranged between the turning flat plate at the top end of the inner side wall of the drainage groove and the lower surface of the waterproof unit to prevent water vapor in the drainage groove from overflowing and infiltrating the waterproof unit,

a non-wetting surface is arranged between the fastener or the reinforcing steel bar and the drainage structure, the supporting structure and the waterproof unit;

the water blocking surface is a non-infiltration surface and prevents water flow from being infiltrated and flowing at will, and comprises grooves with downward openings, convex ribs protruding downwards or an uneven non-infiltration surface or a non-infiltration surface with low outside and high inside, which are arranged on the bottom surfaces of two ends of the waterproof drainage ditch, the upper surface of the side wall of the drainage ditch, the lower surface of the drainage side of the waterproof plate and the upper surface of the transverse groove at the wall joint;

stop structure and prevent that two surfaces from closely laminating, including setting up at the inboard inside baffle of waterproof cover and interface downward opening, the terminal buckle of inside baffle, the rugged surface of the inboard side of waterproof cover and interface downward opening or the rugged surface of arris, prevent that waterproof cover and interface downward opening inboard surface and arris in close contact with produce the siphon phenomenon, set up the stabilizer plate in the outside level in base of waterproof cover and waterproof cover interface both sides and arrange in under the waterproof plate.

10. The self-draining fabricated surface energy waterproof system of claim 1, wherein the bearing corbel and the bearing wall are provided with air vents, a ventilation system or an intelligent ventilation system with an air humidity sensor control mechanism, so that water vapor in the enclosed space can be drained automatically or instantly in a circulating manner.