CN216682634U - Hydraulic pressure of graphite electrode goods compresses tightly vibration forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure of graphite electrode goods compresses tightly vibration forming device, belongs to vibration forming technical field, including braced frame, vibrating device and hydraulic pressure loading device, braced frame's base center department installs vibrating device, and there is the mould at the vibrating device top through bolted connection, and mould top lateral wall cover is equipped with the deflector, and mould outside cover is equipped with can dismantle the vacuum cover of being connected with the bed plate, and the vacuum cover is connected mouth and vacuum pump connection through the evacuation on its lateral wall, and hydraulic pressure loading device is installed at the braced frame top, and hydraulic pressure loading device and vibrating device all are connected with hydraulic system. The utility model has simple structure, compact arrangement of the machine body, high power amplification rate, high response speed, stable motion and good linearity, and greatly reduces the weight of the equipment body.

Description

Hydraulic pressure of graphite electrode goods compresses tightly vibration forming device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vibration forming, and particularly relates to a hydraulic compaction vibration forming device for a graphite electrode product.

Background

The graphite electrode is a high-temperature resistant graphite conductive material produced by mainly adopting needle coke as aggregate and coal pitch as a binder through a series of technological processes of kneading, molding, roasting, dipping, graphitization, machining and the like, and is an important high-temperature conductive material for electric furnace steelmaking, wherein a large-diameter ultrahigh-power graphite electrode product is favored by the market.

The needle coke is a key raw material for manufacturing high-power and ultrahigh-power graphite electrodes, has very obvious anisotropy of physical and mechanical properties, good electric and heat conducting properties in a direction parallel to the long axis of the particles, and a low thermal expansion coefficient, and the long axes of most particles are arranged in the extrusion direction in the conventional extrusion forming process. Due to the anisotropy of the needle coke structure, whether the needle coke particles are closely arranged according to a specific direction or not in the forming stage has great influence on the conductivity and strength of the final product. There are three main types of molding methods used in the graphite electrode industry, including compression molding, extrusion molding, and vibration molding. The compression molding method has low labor productivity, so the molding process of the carbon industry is basically withdrawn except that a small amount of products with special requirements adopt the molding method. At present, the forming process is mainly completed by adopting an extrusion flow method in China and the world. The graphite electrode formed by the method has preferred axial orientation, so that various physical-mechanical parameters of the axial direction of the product are superior to those of other directions, the graphite electrode is suitable for the use conditions of the graphite electrode, and the labor productivity is high. However, the extrusion molding process requires several thousand tons of extruder for producing graphite electrodes with large diameters. The extrusion equipment with large tonnage not only has large extrusion pressure, but also has a long machine body due to the requirement of an electrode extrusion forming mode, so that the weight of the machine body is large, the weight of the equipment body reaches more than 500 tons, and in addition, the equipment is provided with a high-power main motor, and the power of the motor reaches 300-400 kilowatts. Large-tonnage extrusion equipment has large investment and high energy consumption, and the flow condition of needle coke particles with large diameters is difficult to reach an ideal level, so that high product quality is difficult to obtain; after the vibration forming method is produced, the vibration forming method is widely applied to the aluminum carbon industry, particularly the production of prebaked anodes, and is gradually popularized to the production field of cathode carbon blocks and graphite electrodes. The vibration forming mechanism adopted by the existing vibration forming mode is relatively simple in structure, large in power consumption, single in frequency and amplitude, incapable of achieving high-frequency vibration, difficult to obtain high product quality and limited in product quality.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a hydraulic compaction vibration forming device for a graphite electrode product, which can perform high-frequency relative movement of materials with small amplitude, effectively discharge gas and pores in the materials under the compaction action of a briquetting cover, and ensure that the materials after vibration forming obtain high volume density. The reasonable process sequence and combination realize the high efficiency of the material vibration molding. The vibration molding of the hydraulic compaction material with order, high strength and high efficiency is realized.

The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure of graphite electrode goods compresses tightly vibration forming device, includes braced frame, vibrating device and hydraulic pressure loading device, braced frame's base center department installs vibrating device, and there is the mould vibrating device top through bolted connection, and mould top lateral wall cover is equipped with the deflector, and mould outside cover is equipped with can dismantle the vacuum cover of being connected with the bed plate, and the vacuum cover is connected mouth and vacuum pump connection through the evacuation on its lateral wall, and hydraulic pressure loading device is installed at the braced frame top, and hydraulic pressure loading device and vibrating device all are connected with hydraulic system.

The supporting frame comprises a base, a frame and a top plate, wherein the frame is arranged on the upper surface of the base, and the top end of the frame is provided with the top plate with a square hole in the middle.

The hydraulic loading device comprises oil cylinder brackets which are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the top plate, the oil cylinder supports are arranged along the length direction of the top plate, the tops of the two oil cylinder supports are connected with an oil cylinder fixing plate through bolts, a hydraulic pressing oil cylinder is arranged at the center of the oil cylinder fixing plate and is connected with a hydraulic system, the output end of the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder penetrates through the oil cylinder fixing plate and is connected with one end of a pressing rod, the other end of the pressing rod is provided with a pressing block, the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly arranged with one end of a guide pillar, and the two guide posts are arranged along the width direction of the top plate, the other ends of the guide posts penetrate through the guide plate and are slidably mounted with the guide plate, the top end of the pressure rod is provided with a suspension wire block through a pin, the suspension wire block is connected with one end of a lifting rope through a suspension ring on the suspension wire block, and when the mold is removed, the other end of the lifting rope is connected with the suspension rings symmetrically arranged on the guide plate.

The vibrating device comprises a vibrating table frame, the vibrating table frame is installed at the geometric center of the upper surface of a base, guide shaft supports are arranged on the vibrating table frame at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a linear guide shaft is installed at the top of each guide shaft support, a pressure spring is sleeved on each linear guide shaft, a vibrating oil cylinder is installed at the geometric center of the vibrating table frame, a base plate is installed at the tail end of an output shaft of each vibrating oil cylinder, a base plate is passed at the top end of each linear guide shaft, a barrel sleeve is installed between the through holes of the linear guide shafts and the base plate, the bottom end of the barrel sleeve is supported on the top end of the pressure spring, the flange end of the barrel sleeve is located at the upper surface of the base plate and connected with the base plate through bolts, and a mold is arranged at the geometric center of the upper surface of the base plate.

A molding method of a hydraulic pressure vibration molding device of a graphite electrode product comprises the following steps:

step 1, firstly, loading a material into a mold of a vibration molding machine, then covering a vacuum cover on the outer side of the mold, and fixing the vacuum cover and a base plate through bolts; starting a hydraulic system, wherein a piston rod of a hydraulic pressing oil cylinder moves downwards to drive a pressing block to enter a die, and the pressing block hovers above a material and is not in contact with the material; meanwhile, a piston rod of the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder moves downwards to drive the suspension wire block and the lifting rope to move downwards together with the pressing block;

step 2, starting a vacuum pump, vacuumizing the mold for a period of time t₁(ii) a Then starting the vibration oil cylinder to carry out no-load vibration, and adopting the frequency F firstly₁Mode vibration with amplitude S₁Vibration time of T₁At this time, the material in the mold is at a frequency F₁Sum amplitude S₁Vibrating, since not subjected to briquettingThe function is favorable for forming better ordered arrangement; continuously evacuating and applying a frequency F₂Mode vibration with vibration time T₂At this time, the material in the mold is at a frequency F₂And amplitude S₂The vibration is beneficial to effectively discharging gas in the material, so that the compactness is good, and the final product has higher conductivity and mechanical strength; the vibration under the condition of no load enables the needle coke particles to be in a natural loose state when vibrating, which is beneficial to forming better ordered arrangement;

step 3, continuously vacuumizing, and continuously moving a piston rod of the hydraulic compaction oil cylinder downwards to press a pressing block until the pressing block is compacted above the material, so that the vibration forming device has a load vibration mode; the hydraulic pressure oil cylinder is continuously pressed down in the vibration process by adopting the frequency F₃Mode vibration, at which the material in the mould is at frequency F₃Sum amplitude S₃Vibrating, wherein after the unloaded vibrating process, the materials reach a certain volume density, at the moment, the hydraulic compaction oil cylinder continuously presses down in the vibrating process, so that the briquetting compacts the surface of the materials, and continuously presses down along with the descending of the surface of the materials, the materials can perform high-frequency relative motion with a small amplitude, gas in the materials is effectively discharged under the compaction action of the briquetting, and the volume density of the materials is rapidly improved;

step 4, F₃After the mode vibration is finished, closing the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder and the vibration oil cylinder, closing the vacuum pump, detaching the vacuum cover, and loosening and screwing the bolt between the mold and the base plate; the bottom end of the lifting rope is hooked on a lifting ring on the guide plate, the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder drives the piston rod to contract, the pressing block, the vacuum cover and the wire hanging block are further driven to move upwards together, and the mold is lifted through the lifting rope to be separated from a molding material.

The vacuum pumping time t in the step 1₁，3s＜t₁≤30s。

When the frequency F is adopted in the step 2_lF is not more than 10Hz when the vibration mode is vibration₁Not more than 30Hz, and the amplitude of the die is S₁，1mm≤S₁Less than or equal to 5mm and the vibration time is T₁，30s≤T₁Less than or equal to 60 s; when adoptingFrequency F₂At mode vibration, F is less than or equal to 50Hz₂Not more than 100Hz, and the amplitude of the die is S₂，0.1mm≤S₂Less than or equal to 2mm and the vibration time is T₂，30s≤T₂≤60s。

The frequency F is adopted in the step 3₃At mode vibration, F is less than or equal to 50Hz₃Not more than 100Hz, and the amplitude of the die is S₃，0.1mm≤S₃Less than or equal to 2mm and vibration time T₃，80s≤T₃≤360s。

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

firstly, no-load vibration is carried out, so that needle coke particles are in a natural loose state when vibrating, and better ordered arrangement is facilitated; secondly, the loaded vibration is carried out, the hydraulic compaction cylinder continuously presses down in the vibration process, so that the pressing block compacts the surface of the material, and the pressing block continuously presses down along with the descending of the surface of the material, so that the material bears certain pressure. In the process, the materials can perform high-frequency relative motion with small amplitude, gas in the materials is discharged under the compression action of the pressing block, the materials are integrally compact, and correct operation steps and process parameters are adopted, so that the orderliness and high strength of vibration forming of the materials are ensured. Meanwhile, the material vibration forming time is greatly shortened, and the material vibration forming efficiency is realized. All the aspects are organically combined, and the vibration molding of the hydraulic compaction material with order, high strength and high efficiency is realized.

The utility model has simple structure, compact machine body arrangement, high power amplification rate, high response speed, stable motion and good linearity, and greatly reduces the weight of the equipment body.

The utility model adopts the vibration forming theory, under the specific frequency and amplitude, the needle coke particles are well and orderly arranged, and the needle coke particles have good compactness, so that the final product has higher conductivity and mechanical strength. In the design of a large hydraulic forming machine, the latest digital hydraulic technology and equipment are adopted to realize a high-frequency high-power vibration system. The successful development of the utility model brings revolutionary change to the production process of the graphite electrode industry, solves the common technical problem of the industry, has an international leading level, greatly improves the performance of products such as graphite electrodes and the like, and reduces the equipment cost and the production cost. Plays a key role in energy conservation and emission reduction of energy-consuming industries such as steel making, aluminum electrolysis and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a hydraulic compaction vibration forming apparatus for forming a graphite electrode article according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a hydraulic compaction vibration forming apparatus for graphite electrode articles of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a hydraulic compaction vibration forming apparatus for graphite electrode articles of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hydraulic pressing vibration molding apparatus A-A for forming a graphite electrode product according to the present invention;

1-base, 2-vibration table base, 3-guide shaft support, 4-pressure spring, 5-mould, 6-guide plate, 7-briquetting, 8-frame, 9-oil cylinder support, 10-suspension wire block, 11-oil cylinder fixing plate, 12-hydraulic pressure oil cylinder, 13-compression bar, 14-lifting rope, 15-linear guide shaft, 16-base plate, 17-vibration oil cylinder, 18-top plate and 19-guide post.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a hydraulic pressure compression vibration molding device for graphite electrode products comprises a supporting frame, a vibration device and a hydraulic loading device, wherein the vibration device is installed at the center of a base 1 of the supporting frame, the top of the vibration device is connected with a mold 5 through a bolt, a guide plate 6 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the top end of the mold 5, a vacuum cover (not shown in the figure) detachably connected with a base plate 16 is sleeved on the outer side of the mold 5, the vacuum cover is connected with a vacuum pump through a vacuumizing connection nozzle on the side wall of the vacuum cover, the hydraulic loading device is installed at the top of the supporting frame, and the hydraulic loading device and the vibration device are both connected with a hydraulic system.

The supporting frame comprises a base 1, a frame 8 and a top plate 18, the upper surface of the base 1 is connected with the frame 8 through bolts, and the top end of the frame 8 is provided with the top plate 18 with a square hole in the middle.

The hydraulic loading device comprises oil cylinder supports 9, the oil cylinder supports 9 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of a top plate 18, the oil cylinder supports 9 are arranged along the length direction of the top plate 18, the tops of the two oil cylinder supports 9 are connected with an oil cylinder fixing plate 11 through bolts, a hydraulic pressure pressing oil cylinder 12 is arranged at the center of the oil cylinder fixing plate 11, the hydraulic pressure pressing oil cylinder 12 is connected with a hydraulic system, the output end of the hydraulic pressure pressing oil cylinder 12 penetrates through the oil cylinder fixing plate 11 to be connected with one end of a pressing rod 13, the other end of the pressing rod 13 is provided with a pressing block 7, the lower surface of the top plate 18 is fixedly installed with one end of a guide pillar 19, the two guide pillars 19 are arranged along the width direction of the top plate 18, the other end of the guide pillar 19 penetrates through a guide plate 6 and is installed in a sliding mode with the guide plate 6, a suspension wire block 10 is installed at the top end of the pressing rod 13 through a pin, and the suspension wire block 10 is connected with one end of a lifting rope 14 through a suspension ring on the suspension wire block, when demoulding, the other end of the lifting rope 14 is connected with the hanging rings symmetrically arranged on the guide plate 6.

The vibrating device comprises a vibrating table base 2, the vibrating table base 2 is installed at the geometric center of the upper surface of a base 1, guide shaft supports 3 are arranged on the vibrating table base 2 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, linear guide shafts 15 are installed at the tops of the guide shaft supports 3, pressure springs 4 are sleeved on the linear guide shafts 15, vibrating cylinders 17 are installed at the geometric center of the vibrating table base 2, base plates 16 are installed at the tail ends of output shafts of the vibrating cylinders 17, the base plates 16 are passed through the top ends of the linear guide shafts 15, sleeve sleeves are installed between the through holes of the linear guide shafts 15 and the base plates 16, the bottom ends of the sleeve sleeves are supported at the top ends of the pressure springs 4, flange ends of the sleeve are located at the upper surface of the base plates 16 and connected with the base plates 16 through bolts, and dies 5 are arranged at the geometric center of the upper surface of the base plates 16.

In this example, a prebaked anode having a standard of 1650X 700X 620 (length X width X height, mm) is used as an example.

A molding method of a hydraulic pressure vibration molding device of a graphite electrode product comprises the following steps:

step 1, firstly, loading a material into a mold 5 of a vibration molding device, then covering a vacuum cover on the outer side of the mold 5, and fixing the vacuum cover and a base plate 16 through bolts; starting a hydraulic system, wherein a piston rod of a hydraulic pressing oil cylinder 12 moves downwards to drive a pressing block 7 to enter a die 5, the pressing block 7 is suspended above the material and is not contacted with the material, and meanwhile, the piston rod of the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder 12 moves downwards to drive a suspension wire block 10 and a lifting rope 14 to move downwards together with the pressing block 7; the step realizes the no-load vibration mode of the vibration forming device;

step 2, starting a vacuum pump, vacuumizing the interior of the mold 5, and performing t₁After 15s of vacuum pumping treatment; then starting the vibration oil cylinder 17 on the vibration table base 2 to carry out flattening vibration by adopting the frequency F₁Mode vibration, frequency F₁10Hz, amplitude S₁5mm, duration of vibration T₁20s, at which time the material in the mould 5 is at frequency F₁And amplitude S₁Vibration, which is not acted by the pressing block 7, is beneficial to forming better ordered arrangement, and flattening vibration realizes flattening of materials; continuously evacuating and applying a frequency F₂Mode vibration, frequency F₂50Hz, amplitude S₂1mm, duration of vibration T₂30 s; at this time the material in the mold 5 is at frequency F₂Sum amplitude S₂The vibration is beneficial to effectively discharging gas in the material, so that the compactness is good, and the final product has higher conductivity and mechanical strength; the vibration under the condition of no load enables the needle coke particles to be in a natural loose state when vibrating, which is beneficial to forming better ordered arrangement;

and 3, continuously vacuumizing, starting the hydraulic compaction oil cylinder 12, continuously moving the piston rod of the hydraulic compaction oil cylinder 12 downwards to press the pressing block 7 until the pressing block 7 is pressed above the material, realizing that the vibration forming device is provided with a load vibration mode, continuously moving the piston rod of the hydraulic compaction oil cylinder 12 downwards in the vibration process to drive the pressing block 7 to continuously press the material downwards, and adopting the frequency F for the vibration oil cylinder 17 on the vibration table base 2 at the moment₃Mode vibration, frequency F₃70Hz, amplitude S₃0.5mm, duration of vibration T₃30s, hydraulic pressure hydro-cylinder 12 keeps pushing down at the vibration in-process, makes briquetting 7 compress tightly the material surface to continue to push down along with the decline on material surface, the material can carry out the high frequency relative motion of less range each other, and under the effect of the compaction of briquetting 7, the materialGas and pores in the material are effectively discharged, and the volume density of the material is quickly improved;

step 4, F₃After the mode vibration is finished, closing the vibration oil cylinder 17 and the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder 12, closing the vacuumizing, detaching the vacuum cover, and loosening and screwing the bolt between the mold 5 and the base plate 16; the bottom end of a lifting rope 14 is hooked on a lifting ring on the guide plate 6, the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder 12 is started again, the piston rod is driven to contract through the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder 12, the pressing block 7, the vacuum cover and the wire hanging block 10 are driven to move upwards together, the mold 5 is lifted through the lifting rope 14, and the molding material is separated.

The vibration frequency of the vibration oil cylinder 17 is changed from a relatively low frequency to a relatively high frequency, the vibration amplitude of the die 5 is changed from a relatively high amplitude to a relatively low amplitude, and the change of the amplitude of the die 5 corresponds to the change of the amplitude of the material in the die 5.

The variation range of the relative vacuum degree in the die 5 is 0.01MPa to 0.098 MPa.

Compared with the product produced by adopting the common vibration forming process, the pre-baked anode with the specification of 1650 multiplied by 700 multiplied by 620mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) is taken as an example, the vibration forming process of the utility model is adopted for production, and the single-block vibration time is shortened to be below 60s from 90s to 120 s; under the same raw material and process conditions, the volume density is 1.62g/cm³Increased to 1.68g/cm³The above; the height error of the four corners of the finished product is reduced from 3 mm-5 mm to 0 mm-2 mm, and the probability of the generation of cracks inside the prebaked anode is reduced.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure of graphite electrode goods compresses tightly vibration forming device, a serial communication port, including braced frame, vibrating device and hydraulic pressure loading device, braced frame's base center department installs vibrating device, and there is the mould at the vibrating device top through bolted connection, and mould top lateral wall cover is equipped with the deflector, and mould outside cover is equipped with can dismantle the vacuum cover of being connected with the bed plate, and the vacuum cover is connected mouth and vacuum pump connection through the evacuation on its lateral wall, and hydraulic pressure loading device is installed at the braced frame top, and hydraulic pressure loading device and vibrating device all are connected with hydraulic system.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame comprises a base, a frame and a top plate, wherein the frame is arranged on the upper surface of the base, and the top end of the frame is provided with the top plate with a square hole in the middle.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic loading device comprises oil cylinder supports which are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the top plate, the oil cylinder supports are arranged along the length direction of the top plate, the tops of the two oil cylinder supports are connected with an oil cylinder fixing plate through bolts, a hydraulic pressing oil cylinder is arranged at the center of the oil cylinder fixing plate and connected with a hydraulic system, the output end of the hydraulic pressing oil cylinder penetrates through the oil cylinder fixing plate to be connected with one end of a pressing rod, a pressing block is arranged at the other end of the pressing rod, the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly installed with one end of a guide pillar, and the two guide posts are arranged along the width direction of the top plate, the other ends of the guide posts penetrate through the guide plate and are slidably mounted with the guide plate, the top end of the pressure rod is provided with a suspension wire block through a pin, the suspension wire block is connected with one end of a lifting rope through a suspension ring on the suspension wire block, and when the mold is removed, the other end of the lifting rope is connected with the suspension rings symmetrically arranged on the guide plate.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the vibrating device comprises a vibrating table frame, the vibrating table frame is installed at the geometric center of the upper surface of a base, guide shaft supports are arranged on the vibrating table frame at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a linear guide shaft is installed at the top of each guide shaft support, a pressure spring is sleeved on each linear guide shaft, a vibrating oil cylinder is installed at the geometric center of the vibrating table frame, a base plate is installed at the tail end of an output shaft of each vibrating oil cylinder, a base plate is passed at the top end of each linear guide shaft, a barrel sleeve is installed between the through holes of the linear guide shafts and the base plate, the bottom end of the barrel sleeve is supported on the top end of the pressure spring, the flange end of the barrel sleeve is located at the upper surface of the base plate and connected with the base plate through bolts, and a mold is arranged at the geometric center of the upper surface of the base plate.

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