CN216671421U - Excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

An excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution comprises a shell, an excitation source, an impact device and a conductor, wherein at least two cavities are formed in the shell at intervals, the impact device and the conductor penetrate through each cavity, and two ends of the conductor respectively extend out of the shell; an excitation source is arranged in the shell, and a cavity where the excitation source is located is communicated with a cavity where each impact device is located through at least one flow channel; and the excitation source receives an excitation signal to act to drive each impact device to act simultaneously or sequentially, the corresponding conductor is disconnected, and at least one fracture is formed on the conductor. The invention realizes the simultaneous or sequential action of a plurality of impact devices through the structural design of the flow channel, realizes a plurality of functions, improves the breaking capacity by connecting conductors in series and parallel according to actual requirements, is suitable for different breaking requirements, and can simultaneously protect a plurality of groups of circuits.

Description

Excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of power control and electric automobiles, in particular to an excitation protection device for driving a plurality of impact devices to break a circuit by a single excitation source.

Background

The conventional fuse protector of the battery pack of the electric vehicle has a structure for quickly cutting off a circuit, namely an excitation protection device, and gradually expands the application range, and mainly overcomes the defects of large heat productivity, high power consumption, large volume and weight, limited current impact resistance, long breaking time and uncontrolled breaking process of the conventional fuse.

The general structure of the excitation protection device comprises a shell, wherein an excitation source, an impact device and a conductive piece are sequentially arranged in the shell, and a pre-fracture is arranged on the conductive piece. The working principle is as follows: when the main circuit of the battery pack has fault current, an excitation source in an excitation protection device connected in series in the main circuit of the battery pack is triggered, the excitation source acts to generate high-pressure gas, an impact device is pushed downwards to break a pre-cut-off opening of a conductive piece, a physical cut-off opening is formed in the conductive piece, the conductive piece of the excitation protection device is connected in series with the main circuit of the battery pack, electric arcs generated at the cut-off opening of the conductive piece are gradually cooled and extinguished in the air, and the current is cut off, so that the purpose of quickly breaking the circuit is achieved.

The earliest excitation protection device is a structure of a single excitation source, a single impact device and a pre-fracture surface, has the advantages of good current impact resistance, low power consumption, quick breaking and the like, and has the defects of low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing capacity, low breaking voltage and the like. Based on the defects of the structure, research personnel develop a single excitation source, a single impact device, two pre-breaking ports or a plurality of pre-breaking ports, the sequence of the disconnection of the two pre-breaking ports or the plurality of pre-breaking ports is regulated and controlled by arranging punches with different heights on the impact device, and the problems of low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing capacity and low breaking voltage of one pre-breaking port are solved to a certain extent, but the following defects exist: the sequence and the time difference of the disconnection of the plurality of pre-fracture are adjusted only through the height difference of the punch of a single impact device, so that the adjustable parameters are few, and the adjustable range is small; when the impact device moves, the punches at different heights of the impact device break the pre-fracture surfaces successively, so that the impact device is uneven in overall stress and easy to break, and breaking is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution, wherein a single excitation source corresponds to a plurality of impact devices and a plurality of conductors, and melts can be connected in parallel on the conductors. The protection of a plurality of main circuits can be realized through the parallel connection mode of the single excitation source and the conductor, and the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device is improved through the series connection mode of the conductor. The invention controls the sequence of actions of the impact device by controlling the size of the flow channel connecting the excitation source and the impact device, can realize circuit protection and simultaneously can realize circuit connection or indication work, thereby realizing one device and multiple functions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution comprises a shell, an excitation source, impact devices and conductors, wherein the shell is internally provided with the excitation source and at least two impact devices, at least one conductor penetrates through the shell corresponding to each impact device, and two ends of each conductor respectively extend out of the shell; in the shell, the impact devices are located in different cavities, the cavities are not communicated with each other, and the cavity where the excitation source is located is communicated with the cavity where the impact device is located through at least one flow channel; the excitation source receives an excitation signal to act to drive each impact device to displace simultaneously or sequentially, wherein at least one impact device breaks the conductor corresponding to the impact device in the displacement process, and at least one fracture is formed on the conductor.

Preferably, the conductor corresponding to one of the impact devices in the housing is composed of a first conductive piece and a second conductive piece which are not connected with each other, one end of the first conductive piece and one end of the second conductive piece are located outside the housing, and the other end of the first conductive piece and the other end of the second conductive piece are located in the cavity where the impact device corresponding to the first conductive piece is located and are arranged in a staggered mode; and the excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive the impact device to drive the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece to be conductively connected.

Preferably, an independent cavity is further arranged in the shell, an impact device for indicating is arranged in the independent cavity, and the independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or communicated with the cavities where other impact devices are located; the excitation source drives one end of the impact device for indication to extend out of the shell according to the action of the received excitation signal, the end extending out of the shell can be communicated with an indication circuit positioned outside the excitation protection device, or an indication device is arranged at the end of the impact device extending out of the shell.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area and length of the flow channel corresponding to the cavity in which each of the impacting devices is located are the same or different, and the distance between each of the flow channels and the excitation source is the same or different.

Preferably, a limiting structure for limiting the initial position of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where the impact device is located.

Preferably, a guide device for guiding the displacement of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity in which the impact device is located.

Preferably, at least one melt is connected in parallel to at least one of the conductors; the impingement device corresponding thereto may sequentially break the conductor and the melt.

Preferably, the distance between the top of each impact device and the top of the cavity in which the impact device is arranged is equal to or greater than zero; the flow passage opening of the cavity in which each impact device is located above the top of the impact device.

Preferably, a fuse weak point is arranged on one side or two sides of the melt breaking point, and the fuse weak point is located in an arc extinguishing chamber arranged in the shell.

Preferably, a push block is arranged in the shell on one side, close to the conductor, of the melt, and the push block is driven to break the melt after the impact device breaks the conductor.

Preferably, the push block is close to one end of the melt and is in sealing contact with the cavity in which the push block is located.

Preferably, at least one breaking weakness is provided in the conductor and the melt in the direction of displacement of the impact device.

Preferably, a rotation weak point is formed on the first conductive piece located in the housing, one end of the second conductive piece is bent towards the advancing direction of the impact device to form an inclined plane structure, and the impact device drives one end of the first conductive piece to be bent along the rotation weak point and then to be in conductive contact with the inclined plane structure of the second conductive piece.

Preferably, a pressure regulating device is arranged on at least one flow channel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the single excitation source is respectively communicated with the cavities where the plurality of independently arranged impact devices are located through the flow channel, the simultaneous action or the sequential action of the impact devices is realized by controlling the size of the flow channel and the size of the space between the tops of the impact devices and the tops of the cavities where the impact devices are located, and multiple functions of disconnecting the circuit, releasing the residual energy of the circuit load and indicating the circuit fault are realized while a plurality of fractures are formed on one device.

2. Compared with the excitation protection device with multiple excitation sources, the excitation protection device saves a control system or a PCB control board for sending excitation signals to the multiple excitation sources; the sequential action of the impact device is controlled only by the design of the size and the structure of the flow channel of the product and the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity, the design is simpler, the use by a customer is more convenient, and the development and design of the excitation protection device on a control system are not required.

3. The protection of multiple circuits is realized through the parallel connection of conductors, or the breaking capacity of a single circuit is improved through the series connection. The excitation protection device can be made into a standard device, and the conductors are selected to be connected in parallel to protect a multi-path circuit or connected in series to improve the breaking capacity according to actual requirements; or the conductors are connected in parallel and in series for coexistence, so that the protection of a multi-path circuit is realized, and the breaking capacity is improved.

4. The multiple loops are mutually independent and can be connected in series and parallel for the second time to form a device with higher breaking capacity and higher insulating capacity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view in a normal working state of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure B-B in FIG. 1

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure C-C of FIG. 1

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of D-D in FIG. 1

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the activation source and the impact device after actuation of the device in fig. 1 when a fault occurs.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the activation source and impulsive unit of FIG. 2 after actuation.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the activation source and impulsive unit of FIG. 3, after actuation.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the activation source and impulsive unit of FIG. 4 after actuation.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the activation source and impulsive unit of FIG. 5 after actuation.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of each part in fig. 1 divided into four parts, abcd.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the excitation protection device of embodiment 2, in which the pressure adjustment device is omitted.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an excitation protection device formed by combining three acd parts in embodiment 3.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation protection device formed by combining four parts a in embodiment 4.

Fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing the excitation protection device formed by combining four parts a in example 4 in a normal operation state.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure E-E of fig. 15, taking one of the partial structures a as an example.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the excitation source and the impact device of FIG. 15 when a circuit failure occurs.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the excitation source and the impact device of FIG. 16 operate when a circuit failure occurs.

FIG. 19 is another embodiment of example 4.

Fig. 20 is a schematic sectional view showing the excitation protecting apparatus according to embodiment 5 in a normal operation state.

Detailed Description

The above technical solutions are described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are taken as a few preferred embodiments. The positional relationships in the embodiments, such as upper, lower, left and right, are only for clearly assisting understanding of the technical solutions, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions.

Example 1

The shell, see fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprises an upper shell 103 and a lower shell 114, wherein the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 114 are hermetically connected; the bottom cover 115 is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell and used for sealing the lower shell 114, and the bottom cover is designed in a sealing mode, so that foreign objects can be prevented from polluting fractures, and high-temperature electric arcs can be prevented from being sprayed out of the shell to damage surrounding devices. Four independent cavities are formed in the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 114 at intervals. In the four separate cavities in the upper housing, there are provided percussion devices (104, 105, 106, 107), respectively, and in the separate cavities of the lower housing, there is provided a space for sufficient displacement of the percussion devices. The upper shell is further provided with a cavity 130, the cavity 130 is provided with a limiting step, the limiting step is provided with an excitation source 101, the cavity 130 where the excitation source 101 is located is respectively communicated with the tops of the cavities where the four impact devices (104, 105, 106 and 107) are located through flow channels, namely the flow channels are located above the tops of the impact devices at openings in the cavities where the impact devices are located. The fixing mode of the excitation source only needs to be satisfied, for example, the excitation source can be embedded into the upper shell by injection molding, and the upper end of the excitation source can be additionally provided with a pressing sheet to be matched and limited with the step hole of the upper shell. The excitation source is an electronic ignition device, and the electronic ignition device receives an excitation signal and then performs ignition action to generate a large amount of high-pressure gas to provide driving force for each impact device. The excitation source is in sealing contact with the cavity where the excitation source is located, for example, a sealing ring sealing contact surface is arranged between the excitation source and the cavity where the excitation source is located. A pressure regulating device 102 is arranged in a flow passage communicating the cavity in which the excitation source 101 is located and the cavity in which the impact device 107 is located, and in this embodiment, the pressure regulating device 102 is a pressure regulating rod. The pressure adjusting rod 102 is of a bolt structure, penetrates into the flow channel from the outside of the upper shell, is in threaded connection with the upper shell, and achieves pressure adjustment by adjusting the position of one end of the pressure adjusting rod in the flow channel.

The impact device (104, 105, 106, 107) is in sealing contact with the cavity in which the impact device is located, for example, a sealing ring sealing contact surface is arranged between the impact device and the cavity in which the impact device is located, so that high-pressure gas generated by the excitation source is prevented from entering the cavity below the impact device, the impact device is prevented from moving, or the impact device is prevented from being recoiled. A limiting structure and a guiding device are arranged between the impact device and the contact surface of the cavity where the impact device is located. The limiting structure can be formed by arranging lugs on the impact device at intervals, arranging grooves at corresponding positions on the inner wall of the cavity, clamping the lugs of the impact device in the grooves of the cavity to form the limiting structure, and limiting the initial position of the impact device. The arrangement of the limiting structure can overcome the displacement of the limiting structure after the limiting when the impact device is driven by the excitation source. The guide device comprises a guide sliding groove arranged in the cavity, a corresponding sliding block is arranged at the position of the impact device corresponding to the sliding groove, and the sliding block on the impact device is arranged in the guide sliding groove. When the impact device is driven by the excitation source, the impact device can linearly displace along the guide chute. The rotation of the percussion device is prevented by the guide means. In this example, the percussion device is of a T-shaped configuration, with reference to fig. 2 to 5, with one end of the large end face of large dimensions close to the excitation source side.

Conductors (108, 111) are respectively arranged in the independent cavities where the impact devices (104, 106) are located in a penetrating mode, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, the conductors (108, 111) are respectively located between the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 114, two ends of the conductors (108, 111) are respectively located outside two sides of the shells, and the conductors (108, 111) are in sealing contact with the upper shell and the lower shell. The conductors (108, 111) located in the cavity are each provided with a break-away weakness 120, and rotational weaknesses 121 are provided on either side of the break-away weakness 120. The purpose of the breaking weak point is to facilitate the impact device to break the conductor from the breaking weak point, and the purpose of the rotating weak point is to ensure that the broken conductor is driven by the impact device to rotate according to a preset track after the conductor is broken at the breaking weak point, and the broken conductor is separated from the conductor breaking point by a distance, see fig. 8 and 10. The form of the weak position of disconnection and rotatory weak position can be "V" type groove, "U" type groove, reduces the structure that the intensity was reduced such as cross-section or roll opening in advance, but the structural strength of rotatory weak position need be higher than the structural strength of the weak position of disconnection, and the breakage of rotatory weak position brings adverse effect during the action.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the striking devices (104, 106) are in a T-shaped configuration with the larger dimension end located on the excitation source side, the smaller dimension end located adjacent the conductor side, and the smaller dimension end being the striking end. The impact end structure is a tapered contracted section structure, can also be a knife edge-shaped structure or a pointed structure, and can also be other structures which are beneficial to improving the unit area acting force.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, a melt 113 is connected in parallel to the conductor 111. The melt 113 is located in the lower housing 114, the melt 113 is inserted into a separate cavity located in the lower housing, an arc extinguishing chamber 116 is further disposed in the lower housing on both sides of the separate cavity, and the arc extinguishing chamber 116 is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, which may be a solid, such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide gel, or an insulating liquid, inert gas, or other objects that contribute to arc extinguishing. The melt 113 passes through an independent cavity in the lower shell, and both ends of the melt are bent from the arc-extinguishing chamber 116 and pass through the lower shell to be connected with the conductor 111 in parallel, and the connection mode can adopt bolt connection, spring plate connection, welding connection and the like. A break-away weakness is provided in the melt 113 that is inserted into the separate cavity. In fig. 5, two break-away weaknesses spaced apart form a pre-break in the melt. And a fusing weak point is arranged on the melt part in the arc extinguishing chamber and is positioned in the arc extinguishing medium. The fusing weak point can be a narrow neck, and can also be a structure or a material which is easier to fuse with the structure or the material of the melt body at the same temperature such as a metallurgical effect point or a low-melting point material. A push block 112 is provided in a separate cavity above the pre-fracture of the melt. The independent cavity in the lower shell is big at the top and small at the bottom, the upper end of the push block 112 is positioned in the independent cavity part with big size, the lower end is positioned in the independent cavity part with small size, and the external dimension of the push block is matched with the external dimension of the independent cavity part with small size. A limiting structure is arranged on the contact surface of the push block 112 and the lower shell, and the limiting structure limits the initial position of the push block. When the push block is impacted by the impact device, the push block can break through the limit of the limit structure, and the melt is disconnected when the push block moves to the position of the pre-breaking point of the melt, as shown in fig. 10.

A first conductive member 109 and a second conductive member 110 are inserted into the independent cavity of the percussion device 105, and referring to fig. 1 and 4, the first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are located between the upper casing and the lower casing, one end of each is located outside the casing, and the other end is located in the independent cavity of the lower casing. The first conductor 109 and the second conductor 110 are disposed in a staggered configuration at one end of the separate cavity, with the first conductor 109 end proximate to the impact device 105 and the second conductor 110 end distal from the impact device 107. A rotation weak point 122 is arranged on the first conductive piece 109 in the independent cavity, and the part from the rotation weak point 122 to the end face is bent to a certain angle towards the direction of the impact device and then limited by a limiting structure. The limiting structure meets the requirements. One end of the second conductive member 110 located in the independent cavity is bent toward the bottom of the lower housing to form an inclined plane structure. When the first conductor 109 is impacted by the impacting device 107, it overcomes the limit feature on the first conductor, as shown in fig. 9, and rotates in the direction of the second conductor along the rotational weakness 122 and makes conductive contact with the ramp feature on the second conductor. And a buffer device is arranged between the second conductive piece and the bottom of the lower shell and used for buffering the impact caused by the impact device.

The first conductive piece 109 and the second conductive piece 110 are in a non-contact state in a normal working state, when the conductors (108, 111) are disconnected under the action of the impact device, high-pressure gas generated by the first conductive piece 109 and the second conductive piece 110 in the excitation source 101 enters a cavity where the impact device 105 is located through a flow channel, when the pressure of the high-pressure gas entering the cavity is accumulated to a certain pressure value, the impact device 105 is driven to displace, the impact device drives the first conductive piece 109 to displace to be in conductive connection with the second conductive piece 110, referring to fig. 9, an energy release circuit is connected, and load residual electric energy in a circuit connected with the conductors (108, 111) is released, so that the maintenance safety performance is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, the small-sized end of the impact device 107 enters the independent cavity in the lower housing, the shape of the independent cavity in the lower housing matches with the shape of the small-sized end of the impact device 107, because the impact device 107 is in a T-shaped structure, the diameter of the independent cavity in the upper housing is larger than that of the independent cavity in the lower housing, the upper end surface of the lower housing limits the impact device 107, and when the impact device 107 displaces, the lower surface of the large-sized end of the impact device 107 can be clamped at the upper end surface of the lower housing, so as to prevent the impact device 107 from being excessively displaced. The cavity in which the percussion device 107 is located communicates with the cavity in which the excitation source 101 is located via a flow channel. The amount of pressure passing through the flow passage is adjusted by adjusting the position of one end of the pressure adjustment rod 102 in the flow passage.

When the excitation source 101 receives an excitation signal to act, referring to fig. 11, the generated high-pressure gas enters the cavity where the impact device 107 is located through the flow channel, the impact device 107 is driven to displace, and the small-sized end of the impact device 107 extends out of the lower shell, and an indicating circuit located outside the excitation protection device is switched on to give an alarm indication to remind that the circuit has a fault and needs to be maintained.

The excitation protection device has the advantages that the conductors in the shell are arranged in parallel, and one ends of the conductors outside the shell can be connected in series according to actual requirements.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 10, the conductors (108, 111) are connected in parallel to different circuits, that is, two ends of the conductor 108 located outside the housing are connected to one circuit, and two ends of the conductor 111 located outside the housing are connected to the other circuit for protection; under the condition that the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are connected into the energy release circuit; the energy release circuit refers to a circuit which is connected with a load in a protected circuit and can release residual energy of the load, and the energy release circuit is generally grounded. Fig. 1 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a normal working state, and fig. 6 to 10 are schematic structural diagrams of an excitation source and an impact device after action.

The excitation source 101 receives the excitation signal and then acts to ignite and generate high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas enters the top of the cavity where each impact device (104, 105, 106 and 107) is located through a flow channel communicated with the cavity where each impact device is located. The sequence of the action of the impact device is determined by the size of the cross section area of the flow channel, the length of the flow channel, the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located, and the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source. When the top of the impact device is flush with the top of the cavity where the impact device is located, the action is determined by the size and the length of the cross section area of the flow channel and the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the tops of the impact devices (104, 105, 106) are flush with the top of the cavity in which the impact devices are located; the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavities where the impact devices (104 and 106) are located is the same, the impact devices (104 and 106) act simultaneously, the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (105) is located is smaller than that of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavities where the impact devices (104 and 106) are located, but is larger than that of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (107) is located, and a certain space is reserved between the top of the impact device (107) and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located. Therefore, the impact device 105 is operated after the impact devices (104, 106), and the impact device 107 is operated last.

Under the driving of the excitation source 101, the impact device 104 displaces the disconnection conductor 108 along the guide device, referring to fig. 7, so that a fracture is formed on the conductor 108, and the circuit connected to the conductor 108 is disconnected and protected; after the impact device 106 displaces along the guide device to sequentially break the conductor 111, referring to fig. 9, the push block 112 is pushed to break the melt 113, at least one fracture is respectively formed on the conductor 111 and the melt 113, and a circuit connected to the conductor 111 is broken to protect the conductor 111; referring to fig. 8, the impacting device 105 displaces along the guiding device to drive the first conductive member 109 to displace and electrically connect with the second conductive member 110, so as to close the energy release circuit and release the residual electric energy in the load in the circuit connected with the conductors 108 and 111; after the striking devices (104, 105, 106) are operated, referring to fig. 10, the striking device 107 is displaced along the guide device and the small-sized end of the striking device 107 extends out of the shell to connect with an indicating circuit, so that the indicating circuit is in failure, the excitation protection device is operated to protect, and the circuit needs to be maintained in time.

The impactor 104 and impactor 106 may act simultaneously or sequentially. If the discharge circuit is connected to the load in only one of the circuits, the impact device 105 will operate after the circuit is opened, and the connection of the discharge circuit will discharge the residual energy of the load in the circuit, not necessarily all conductors in the circuit will be disconnected before the connection of the discharge circuit.

Referring to another practical use of fig. 1 to 10: in the case where the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are connected in series at one end and connected to the same circuit at the other end, and the first conductive member and the second conductive member are connected to a power releasing circuit of the circuit: the principle is the same as that described above in which the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are connected in parallel into different circuits. The conductors 108 and 111 may be disconnected simultaneously or sequentially, and the de-energizing circuit must be completed after the conductors 108 and 111 have completely broken the circuit, i.e., the impact device 105 must be fully de-energized after the impact device 104 and the impact device 106 have completed their actuation. After the impact device (104, 105, 106) has finished operating, the impact device 107 finally operates to complete the instruction operation.

Each part in fig. 1 in embodiment 1 can be used as an independent part, and referring to fig. 11, the independent part is divided into four parts abcd with independent functions, the four parts abcd share one excitation source, and the sequential action of the impact device is controlled by the size and the length of the cross-sectional area of the flow passage and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located. The four parts abcd can be freely combined as required to form the excitation protection device with various structural forms.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the pressure adjusting device 102 is eliminated, and the action sequence of the impact device 107 is adjusted only by the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow passage, referring to fig. 12. The rest was the same as in example 1.

Example 3

The embodiment is formed by three parts a, c and d. Referring to fig. 13, three independent cavities are opened on the upper and lower cases. The cavity in which the excitation source 101 is located is in communication with the cavities in which the impingement units (104, 106, 107) are located, respectively, via flow channels, and the flow channel openings are located above the tops of the impingement units.

Section a includes the ram 104 and the conductor 108 disposed in separate cavities in the upper and lower housings. Section c includes the ram 106, conductor 111, push block 112, and melt 113 in parallel on conductor 111, all disposed in separate cavities. Section d includes an impingement device 107 disposed in a separate cavity. The size of the cross section of a flow passage communicated with the cavity where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 104 are located is smaller than that of the cross section of the flow passage communicated with the cavity where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 106 are located and larger than that of the cross section of the flow passage communicated with the cavity where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 107 are located; the distance between the tops of the impact device 104 and the impact device 106 and the top of the cavity in which the impact device is located is zero; the distance between the top of the impact device 107 and the top of the cavity in which it is located is relatively large. As can be seen from the above, the impact device 106 operates first, the impact device 104 operates later, and the impact device 107 operates last.

Thus, the working principle of embodiment 3:

the excitation source 101 acts after receiving an excitation signal, ignites to generate high-pressure gas, then drives the impact device 106 to overcome the limit structure and sequentially disconnect the conductor 111 along the displacement of the guide device, then pushes the push block 112 to act to disconnect the melt 113, at least one fracture is respectively formed on the conductor 111 and the melt 113, and a circuit connected with the conductor 111 is disconnected to protect the conductor 111; after the impact device 106 then drives the impact device 108 to act along the guide device, when high-pressure gas in a cavity above the top of the impact device 104 is accumulated until the pressure exceeds a threshold value, the impact device 104 is driven to overcome the limit structure to act, the conductor 108 is disconnected, at least one fracture is formed on the conductor 108, and a circuit connected to the conductor 108 is disconnected to protect the conductor 108; after the impacting devices (104, 106) are operated, the conductors (108, 111) and the melt 113 are disconnected, high-pressure gas in a cavity above the top of the impacting device 107 is accumulated until the pressure exceeds a threshold value, the impacting device 107 overcomes the limiting structure and is displaced along the guiding device under the driving of the high-pressure gas, the small-size end of the impacting device 107 extends out of the shell to be connected with an indicating circuit, the indicating circuit is in fault, the protecting device is excited to operate for protection, and the circuit needs to be maintained in time.

When the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are connected in series to the same circuit for protection, the operation principle is the same as that described above, the impact device 106 operates first to break the conductor 111 and the melt 113, the impact device 104 operates later to break the conductor 108, and the impact device 107 operates last after the impact device 104 and the impact device 106 have completed operation.

Example 4

The present embodiment is formed using four a portions. Referring to fig. 14 to 18, four independent cavities are formed in the upper case 303 and the lower case 312, and since the lower ends of the independent cavities do not penetrate through the lower case, in the present embodiment, a bottom cover is not provided. In each individual cavity, a percussion device (304, 305, 306, 307) is arranged, and conductors (308, 309, 310, 311) are arranged between the upper housing 303 and the lower housing 312, respectively. The impingement units and the conductor structures in each individual cavity are identical. The impact device 304 is exemplified. Referring to fig. 16, the impact end of the impact device (304, 305, 306, 307) is of a constricted cross-sectional configuration, similar to an inverted trapezoidal configuration. The bottom structure of the isolated cavity section in the lower housing 312 is shaped to match the structural shape of the impact end of the impact device to facilitate intimate contact with the bottom of the isolated cavity in the lower housing when the impact device is displaced to the position, as shown in fig. 18, to completely insulate the conductor sections on both sides of the conductor break from the impact device, thereby preventing reignition of the arc and further improving arc quenching capability.

The distance between the top of the impact device (304, 305, 306) and the top of the cavity in which the impact device is located is zero, and the cavity in which the excitation source 301 is located and the top of the cavity in which the impact device (304, 305, 306) is located are communicated through a flow passage, and the flow size is the same. The top of the impact device 307 is kept a certain distance away from the top of the cavity in which the impact device is located, the cavity in which the excitation source 301 is located is communicated with the cavity above the top of the impact device 307 through a flow passage, and the size of the cross-sectional flow area is smaller than that of the cross-sectional flow area of the flow passage for communicating the cavity in which the excitation source 301 is located with the cavity in which the impact device (304, 305, 306) is located. A pressure adjusting device 302 is arranged on a flow passage which is communicated with the cavity where the impact device 307 is arranged and the cavity where the excitation source 301 is arranged, and the pressure adjusting device is a pressure adjusting rod 302.

As can be seen from the above, in this example, the impacting devices (304, 305, 306) simultaneously operate to break the conductors (308, 309, 310) to form at least one fracture on each conductor, and the impacting device 307 operates to break the conductor 311 after the impacting devices (304, 305, 306) have completed operation to form at least one fracture on the conductor 311.

The excitation protection device of the structure form of embodiment 4 can be used for protecting a three-phase four-wire system line of a low-voltage distribution system, three conductors (308, 309 and 310) are externally connected to A, B, C three phases of the three-phase four-wire system line respectively, the other conductor 311 is externally connected to a neutral line N of the three-phase four-wire system line, when the three-phase four-wire system line needs to be disconnected, an excitation source 301 receives an excitation signal to act, high-pressure gas is released, impact devices (304, 305 and 306) act simultaneously, and simultaneously the conductors (308, 309 and 310) connected with the three phases are disconnected, so that A, B, C three-phase lines are disconnected firstly; after the three-phase line is disconnected, the high-pressure gas pressure in the space above the top of the ram 307 is accumulated and exceeds a threshold value, and the ram 307 is driven to operate to disconnect the conductor 311 connected to the neutral line, thereby realizing the disconnection of the neutral line N.

Fig. 19 shows another embodiment of example 4, in which no pressure regulating device is provided in the flow path communicating with the cavity in which the impact device 307 is located.

Example 5

Fig. 20 shows another embodiment of example 4, in which the housing includes an upper housing 402 and a lower housing 411, which is different from example 4 in that: the positional relationship of the excitation source 401 in the upper housing 402. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact device (404, 405) is located through a flow passage, and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located is zero. The cavity in which the excitation source 401 is located is the same size as the flow channel communicating with the top of the cavity in which the impingement device (404, 405) is located. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located above the top of the impact device (403, 406) through the flow channel, and a space is reserved between the top of the impact device (403, 406) and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located, and the space is the same in size. The cavity in which the excitation source 401 is located is the same size as the flow path in which the portion of the cavity above the top of the impingement device (403, 406) communicates. According to the structure, the excitation source 301 can drive the impact devices (404, 405) to act simultaneously to respectively disconnect the conductors (408, 409), and at least one fracture is formed on the conductors; after the impacting devices (404, 405) are operated, the impacting devices (403, 406) are operated to break the conductors (407, 410), and at least one fracture is formed on the conductors (407, 410).

In the above embodiments, the conductors in the structures of the part a and the part c can be connected in parallel to protect different circuits respectively; the conductors may also be connected in series to protect the same circuit. Whether the conductors are connected in parallel or in series, the corresponding impact devices can act simultaneously or sequentially as required.

And the part b structure of the energy release circuit is accessed, and the energy release circuit can be connected with the load in each protected circuit to release the residual energy of the load, thereby improving the maintenance safety performance. The energy release circuit can also be connected with a load in one path of protected circuit for residual energy release. The principle of the energy release circuit of the part b is that the impact device of the part b is required to act after the circuit connected with the load is disconnected, and the energy release circuit is switched on to release energy.

And the part d, no matter how freely combined with the part a structure, the part b structure and the part c structure, acts after the part a structure, the part b structure and the part c structure are all finished, and then acts to indicate the action of exciting the protective circuit of the protective device to be finished so as to remind the circuit of fault and maintenance.

In the above embodiments, each conductor may be provided with a plurality of breaking weak points, and the impact end of the impact device corresponding to the breaking weak points is designed with a corresponding impact head according to the breaking weak points to be broken, that is, the impact end of one impact device may have a plurality of impact heads, the heights of the plurality of impact heads may be the same or different, and when the impact device breaks the conductor, a plurality of fractures may be formed on one conductor simultaneously or sequentially, so as to improve the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device.

The excitation protection device adjusts the impact device to act sequentially by controlling the size of a communication flow channel between the cavity where the single excitation source is located and the cavity where the impact device is located and the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located. The action sequence of the impact device controlled by different excitation sources is avoided, the use amount of the excitation sources is saved, the assembly parts are simplified, and the production cost is reduced.

Claims (14)

1. The excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution comprises a shell, an excitation source, impact devices and conductors, and is characterized in that the shell is internally provided with the excitation source and at least two impact devices, at least one conductor penetrates through the shell corresponding to each impact device, and two ends of each conductor respectively extend out of the shell; in the shell, the impact devices are located in different cavities, the cavities are not communicated with each other, and the cavity where the excitation source is located is communicated with the cavity where the impact device is located through at least one flow channel; the excitation source receives an excitation signal to act to drive each impact device to displace simultaneously or sequentially, wherein at least one impact device breaks the conductor corresponding to the impact device in the displacement process, and at least one fracture is formed on the conductor.

2. The multi-path pneumatic distribution excitation protection device of claim 1, wherein the conductor corresponding to one of the striking devices in the housing is composed of a first conductive member and a second conductive member which are not connected with each other, one end of the first conductive member and one end of the second conductive member are located outside the housing, and the other end of the first conductive member and the second conductive member are located in the cavity where the corresponding striking device is located and are arranged in a staggered manner; and the excitation source acts according to the received excitation signal to drive the impact device to drive the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece to be conductively connected.

3. The excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution according to claim 1, wherein an independent cavity is further arranged in the shell, an impact device for indication is arranged in the independent cavity, and the independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or communicated with the cavities where other impact devices are located; the excitation source drives one end of the impact device for indication to extend out of the shell according to the action of the received excitation signal, the end extending out of the shell can be communicated with an indication circuit positioned outside the excitation protection device, or an indication device is arranged at the end of the impact device extending out of the shell.

4. The excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross-sectional area and length of the flow channel corresponding to the cavity in which each of the impact devices is located are the same or different, and the distance between each of the flow channels and the excitation source is the same or different.

5. An excitation protector according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that a limit formation is provided between the impact means and the cavity in which it is located to limit the initial position of the impact means.

6. An excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a guide means for guiding the displacement of said impact means is provided between said impact means and the cavity in which said impact means is located.

7. The multiple gas pressure distribution excitation protection device according to any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein at least one melt is connected in parallel to at least one of said conductors; the impingement device corresponding thereto may sequentially break the conductor and the melt.

8. The multiple air pressure distribution energized protective device of claim 4, wherein the distance between the top of each of said impingement units and the top of the cavity in which it is located is equal to or greater than zero; the flow passage opening of the cavity in which each impact device is located above the top of the impact device.

9. The multiple gas pressure distribution energized protection device of claim 7, wherein a fuse weakness is provided on one or both sides of the melt break, the fuse weakness being located in an arc extinguishing chamber provided in the housing.

10. The multiple gas pressure distribution excitation protection device of claim 9, wherein a push block is disposed in the housing on a side of the melt adjacent to the conductor, and the impacting device is configured to drive the push block to break the melt after breaking the conductor.

11. The multiple air pressure distribution energized protector of claim 10, wherein said push block is in sealing contact with the cavity in which it is located proximate to one end of said melt.

12. A multiple gas pressure distribution energized protector according to any of claims 9 to 11 wherein at least one discontinuity is provided in the conductor and melt in the direction of displacement of the impactor.

13. The excitation protection device for multi-channel air pressure distribution as claimed in claim 2, wherein a rotation weak point is formed on the first conductive member in the housing, one end of the second conductive member is bent toward the advancing direction of the impact device to form a slope structure, and the impact device drives one end of the first conductive member to bend along the rotation weak point and then to be in conductive contact with the slope structure of the second conductive member.

14. An excitation protection device for multi-channel pneumatic distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 8 to 11, 13, wherein a pressure regulating device is provided in at least one of the flow channels.

Images