CN216659502U - Heat pump air conditioner heat management system and vehicle - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioner heat management system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN216659502U CN216659502U CN202122694025.4U CN202122694025U CN216659502U CN 216659502 U CN216659502 U CN 216659502U CN 202122694025 U CN202122694025 U CN 202122694025U CN 216659502 U CN216659502 U CN 216659502U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a heat pump air-conditioning heat management system and a vehicle, wherein the heat pump air-conditioning heat management system comprises a first main loop and a second main loop, and has a double-condenser double-evaporator structure, the flow direction and the flow of a refrigerant are changed through switching control of valves, a refrigeration working mode and a heating working mode of a single-condenser single evaporator, a double-condenser single evaporator and a double-condenser double evaporator can be realized on the basis of approximating the space of a traditional air-conditioning structure, the first main loop and the second main loop operate simultaneously during heating, and the waste heat of a power supply device, an electric driving device and a power battery is utilized for heating, so that the frosting of an outdoor evaporator is reduced, and a passenger compartment is directly cooled through the first main loop during cooling, so that high-efficiency heating and high-efficiency cooling can be realized, and the passenger compartment, the passenger compartment and the passenger compartment can be cooled in a most suitable energy-saving and high-efficiency working mode, The temperature control requirements of the power supply device, the electric drive device and the power battery are lower for the energy consumption of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal management, in particular to a heat pump air-conditioning thermal management system and a vehicle.
Background
Because the energy of the pure electric vehicle comes from the power battery, the whole vehicle is extremely sensitive to energy consumption, and the endurance of the pure electric vehicle can be influenced by the consumption of any energy of the pure electric vehicle. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system not only needs to carry out thermal management on a passenger compartment, but also needs to carry out thermal management on devices such as a power battery, an electric drive and a power supply, and needs to simultaneously take heating, cooling and the like into consideration, so that the design difficulty of the thermal management system is higher.
In a thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle, a heat pump air conditioner is generally used to replace a thermal sensitive (PTC) heater to reduce power consumption, and the heat pump air conditioner is generally an indirect heat pump air conditioner or a direct heat pump air conditioner. The indirect heat pump air conditioner needs to carry out secondary heat exchange through the liquid cooling condenser, so that the heating performance is limited, and no matter the indirect heat pump air conditioner or the direct heat pump air conditioner, the dual-purpose structural design of the outdoor heat exchanger can weaken the cooling performance, the waste heat of a power battery, an electric drive device and a power supply device cannot be fully utilized, an outdoor evaporator is easy to frost, the heating performance of a vehicle cannot meet the requirement, and the overall energy consumption is high.
In summary, the vehicle heat pump air conditioning system in the prior art is difficult to achieve good heating and cooling performance, and has no design of heating by using waste heat, which results in the problem of high overall energy consumption of the pure electric vehicle.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system for solving the technical problem that the overall energy consumption of a pure electric vehicle is higher due to the fact that a vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system in the prior art is difficult to give consideration to good heating and cooling performances.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
the heat pump air conditioning heat management system comprises a first main loop and a second main loop, wherein the first main loop and the second main loop exchange heat with each other through a shared cooler;
the first main loop comprises an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an indoor condenser, an air conditioner three-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, the cooler and a gas-liquid separator which are sequentially connected in series to form a loop;
an inlet of the air conditioner three-way valve is connected to an outlet of the indoor condenser, and a first outlet of the air conditioner three-way valve is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger; an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separator;
a first port of the indoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to a second outlet of the air conditioner three-way valve and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a second port of the indoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to an inlet and an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a one-way valve is arranged at the joint of the indoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the second main loop comprises a power battery, a thermosensitive heater, a cooler, a third water three-way valve, a power supply device, an electric driving device, a first water three-way valve, a radiator and a second water three-way valve which are sequentially connected in series to form the loop;
an inlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the cooler, a first outlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the power supply device, and a second outlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the power battery.
Optionally, a first expansion valve is arranged between a first outlet of the air conditioner three-way valve and an inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger; and a second port of the indoor heat exchanger is connected between the air conditioner three-way valve and the first expansion valve.
Optionally, a supercooling section is further disposed on the outdoor heat exchanger, an outlet of the supercooling section is connected to the second port of the indoor heat exchanger and the cooler at the same time, an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator and an inlet of the liquid reservoir at the same time, and an outlet of the liquid reservoir is connected to an inlet of the supercooling section.
Optionally, a third expansion valve is arranged between the outlet of the supercooling section and the cooler; and an outlet of the indoor heat exchanger is connected between an outlet of the supercooling section and the third expansion valve, and is provided with a second expansion valve.
Optionally, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at an inlet of the liquid reservoir; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; and a third electromagnetic valve is arranged between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator.
Optionally, an inlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to the electric drive, a first outlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to a radiator, and a second outlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to an inlet of the second water three-way valve.
Optionally, a first outlet of the second water three-way valve is connected to the power battery, and a second outlet of the second water three-way valve is connected to the power supply device.
Optionally, a motor water pump is arranged at an inlet of the power supply device; and a battery water pump is arranged at the inlet of the power battery.
Optionally, the second main circuit further comprises an expansion tank, an outlet of the expansion tank is connected to an inlet of the second water three-way valve, and an inlet of the expansion tank is simultaneously connected to an outlet of the radiator and a second outlet of the first water three-way valve.
A vehicle is also provided, and the heat pump air conditioner thermal management system is included.
The heat pump air conditioning heat management system and the vehicle provided by the utility model have the beneficial effects that:
the heat pump air-conditioning heat management system comprises a first main loop and a second main loop, and is provided with a double-condenser double-evaporator structure, the flow direction and the flow rate of a refrigerant are changed through switching control over air valves, on the basis of approximating the space of a traditional air-conditioning structure, the single-condenser single-evaporator and single-condenser double-evaporator refrigeration working mode and the single-condenser single-evaporator and double-condenser double-evaporator heating working mode can be realized, the first main loop and the second main loop operate simultaneously during heating, the waste heat of a power supply device, an electric driving device and a power battery is utilized for heating, so that the frosting of an outdoor evaporator is reduced, the passenger compartment is directly refrigerated through the first main loop during cooling, and therefore, the passenger compartment can be efficiently heated and refrigerated, and the passenger compartment can be optimally satisfied in an energy-saving and efficient working mode, The temperature control requirements of the power supply device, the electric drive device and the power battery are lower for the energy consumption of the vehicle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic refrigerant flow diagram for a passenger compartment cooling mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow in the cooling mode of the power cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow for a single condenser dual evaporator refrigeration mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow for a single condenser and single evaporator heating mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic refrigerant flow diagram illustrating a dual condenser single evaporator heating mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow in a dual condenser single evaporator waste heat heating mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow for a dual condenser dual evaporator waste heat heating mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
1-a compressor; 2-indoor condenser; 3-air conditioner three-way valve; 4-a one-way valve; 5-a first expansion valve; 6-outdoor heat exchanger; 7-a first solenoid valve; 8-a liquid reservoir; 9-supercooling section; 10-a second expansion valve; 11-indoor heat exchanger; 12-a second solenoid valve; 13-a third solenoid valve; 14-a third expansion valve; 15-a cooler; 16-a gas-liquid separator; 17-an electric motor water pump; 18-a power supply device; 19-an electric drive device; 20-a first water three-way valve; 21-a heat sink; 22-an expansion tank; 23-a second water three-way valve; 24-battery water pump; 25-a power cell; 26-a PTC heater; 27-third water three-way valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must be in a particular orientation, constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a heat pump air conditioner thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump air conditioning thermal management system in the present embodiment includes a first main circuit and a second main circuit that perform heat exchange with each other through a common cooler 15.
Specifically, the first main circuit includes an indoor heat exchanger 11, and a compressor 1, an indoor condenser 2, an air-conditioning three-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 6, a cooler 15, and a gas-liquid separator 16, which are connected in series in this order and constitute a circuit. An inlet of the three-way air conditioner valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the indoor condenser 2, and a first outlet of the three-way air conditioner valve 3 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 6. The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is connected to a gas-liquid separator 16. A first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 is simultaneously connected to a second outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16, a second port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 is simultaneously connected to an inlet and an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and a one-way valve 4 is arranged at the joint of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6. The compressor 11 is an electric compressor 1.
Specifically, the second main circuit includes a power battery 25, a thermal heater 26(PTC heater 26), a cooler 15, a third water three-way valve 27, a power supply device 18, an electric drive device 19, a first water three-way valve 20, a radiator 21, and a second water three-way valve 23, which are connected in series in this order and constitute a circuit. An inlet of the third water three-way valve 27 is connected to the cooler 15, a first outlet of the third water three-way valve 27 is connected to the power supply device 18, and a second outlet of the third water three-way valve 27 is connected to the power battery 25.
Wherein, the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is provided with a first expansion valve 5. A second expansion valve 10 is provided at a second port of the indoor heat exchanger 11. A third expansion valve 14 is provided in the first main circuit at the inlet of the cooler 15. A second port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 is connected between the three-way valve 3 and the first expansion valve 5, and a joint of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and an inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is located between the second expansion valve 10 and the second port of the indoor heat exchanger 11. The first expansion valve 5, the second expansion valve 10, and the third expansion valve 14 are all electronic expansion valves, and automatic control of the expansion valves is realized.
(1) Passenger compartment cooling mode: when the ambient temperature is high and the temperature of the passenger compartment needs to be reduced, the second main loop is closed, the cooler 15 is controlled not to work, the first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 is opened, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 2, the refrigerant flowing out of the electric compressor 1 flows through the indoor condenser 2 (at this time, no heat exchange occurs in the indoor condenser 2), then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 through the first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 for heat exchange, the refrigerant after heat exchange flows into the indoor heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange again, the refrigerant after secondary heat exchange flows through the gas-liquid separator 16 and finally returns to the electric compressor 1, and the passenger compartment is cooled through the indoor heat exchanger 11.
(2) The power battery refrigeration mode: when the temperature of the power battery 25 is higher than a set value, but the passenger compartment does not need to be cooled, the indoor heat exchanger 11 does not work and the cooler 15 works, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 3, the refrigerant flowing out of the electric compressor 1 flows through the indoor condenser 2 (at this time, no heat exchange occurs in the indoor condenser 2), then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 through the first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 to exchange heat, the refrigerant after heat exchange flows into the cooler 15 to exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the cooler 15, the refrigerant with the increased temperature after heat exchange flows into the gas-liquid separator 16 and then returns to the electric compressor 1, and the power battery 25 can be cooled through the cooler 15.
(3) Single condenser dual evaporator refrigeration mode: when the temperature of the power battery 25 is higher than a set value and the passenger compartment needs to be cooled, the passage between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16 is cut off, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 4, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (without heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 and the first expansion valve 5 (fully opened), enters the outdoor heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange, and the refrigerant after heat exchange is divided into two paths: one path of refrigerant passes through the third expansion valve 14 (working), enters the cooler 15 after the action of the third expansion valve 14, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second main loop under the action of the cooler 15, the refrigerant with the increased temperature flows through the gas-liquid separator 16 and then returns to the electric compressor 1, and the cooling of the power battery 25 can be realized through the cooler 15; and the other path of refrigerant passes through the second expansion valve 10 (works), enters the indoor heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange after the action of the second expansion valve 10, then passes through the gas-liquid separator 16 and returns to the electric compressor 1, and is cooled through the indoor heat exchanger 11 to form another heat exchange cycle. In this mode, the coolant flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27, and then returns to the power battery 25 in this order, forming a heat exchange cycle. The black thick arrow in fig. 3 is a flow process of the refrigerant when the temperature of the power battery 25 is high and the power battery 25 is cooled.
(4) Single condenser single evaporator heating mode: when the ambient temperature is low and the temperature of the passenger compartment needs to be raised, the passage between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the gas-liquid separator 16 is disconnected, the second outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 is closed, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 5, the refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 2 for heat exchange, the refrigerant after heat exchange flows through the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, then enters the first expansion valve 5 (working) through the first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange after the action of the first expansion valve 5, flows into the gas-liquid separator 16 after heat exchange, then returns to the electric compressor 1, and the heating of the passenger compartment is carried out through the indoor condenser 2.
(5) Double condenser single evaporator heating mode: when the ambient temperature is low and the temperature of the passenger compartment needs to be raised, and the temperature and the pressure in the loop meet certain conditions, the first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 is closed. The passage between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the gas-liquid separator 16 is cut off, the relevant passage of the cooler 15 is cut off, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 6, the refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 2 for heat exchange), after heat exchange, the refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger 11 through the air-conditioning three-way valve 3 for heat exchange, the heat-exchanged refrigerant flows through the one-way valve 4, then enters the first expansion valve 5 (working), after the action of the first expansion valve 5, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange, then the heat-exchanged refrigerant directly flows into the gas-liquid separator 16, and finally returns to the electric compressor 1. Heating of the passenger compartment is performed by the indoor condenser 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 11.
(6) And (3) a double-condenser single-evaporator waste heat heating mode: when the ambient temperature is low and the temperature of the passenger compartment needs to be raised, but the vehicle residual heat is sufficient, the passage between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the gas-liquid separator 16 is disconnected, the passage between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16 is disconnected, and the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 7, the refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 2 for heat exchange, the refrigerant after heat exchange flows into the indoor heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange through the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, then the refrigerant after heat exchange flows into the fully-opened second expansion valve 10 and further flows into the third expansion valve 14 (at this time, the third expansion valve 14 works), the refrigerant after the action of the third expansion valve 14 flows into the cooler 15 for heat exchange with the cooling liquid in the second main loop, and flows into the gas-liquid separator 16 after heat exchange and returns to the electric compressor 1. In this mode, the coolant in the second main loop flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27, the motor water pump 17, the power supply device 18, the electric drive device 19, the first water three-way valve 20, the second water three-way valve 23, and then returns to the power battery 25, forming a heat exchange cycle. In this mode, the indoor heat exchanger 11 is used as an evaporator, and the cooler 15 extracts the vehicle waste heat to heat the passenger compartment.
(7) Double condenser and double evaporator waste heat heating mode: when the ambient temperature is low and the temperature of the passenger compartment needs to be raised, but the vehicle residual heat is insufficient, the passage between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the gas-liquid separator 16 is cut off, the electric compressor 1 is started, as shown in fig. 8, the refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 2 for heat exchange, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange through the air conditioner three-way valve 3, and the refrigerant is divided into two paths: the first path of refrigerant enters a first expansion valve 5 (works) through a one-way valve 4, enters an outdoor heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange under the action of the first expansion valve 5, and directly flows into a gas-liquid separator 16 and returns to the electric compressor 1 after heat exchange; the second refrigerant passes through the fully opened second expansion valve 10 and enters the third expansion valve 14 (working), enters the cooler 15 after the action of the third expansion valve 14 to exchange heat with the cooling liquid of the second main loop, enters the gas-liquid separator 16 after heat exchange, and returns to the electric compressor 1. In this mode, the coolant of the second main circuit flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26 (which can be turned on to heat), the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27, the motor water pump 17, the power supply unit 18, the electric drive unit 19, the first water three-way valve 20, the expansion tank 22, the second water three-way valve 23, and then returns to the power battery water pump 25, forming a heat exchange cycle. The heating of the passenger compartment is realized by absorbing the ambient heat through the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and absorbing the waste heat of the vehicle through the cooler 15.
The first main circuit described above manages the temperature in the passenger compartment mainly by the indoor condenser 2, the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6, the second main circuit manages the temperature of the power battery 25, the power supply device 18 and the electric drive device 19 mainly by the radiator 21 and the cooler 15, and the first main circuit and the second main circuit can exchange heat through the cooler 15 to achieve heat exchange of the first main circuit and the second main circuit. The heat pump air-conditioning heat management system in the embodiment adjusts the temperature of the passenger compartment by using the waste heat of the power battery 25, the power supply device 18, the electric driving device 19 and other devices on the vehicle on the basis of ensuring the heat management of the passenger compartment, the power battery 25, the power supply device 18 and the electric driving device 19, and improves the heating performance of the heat pump air-conditioning heat management system.
In this embodiment, the flow direction of the refrigerant can be controlled by switching and controlling the valves according to the specific working condition requirements of the heat pump air-conditioning heat management system, so that the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can be used as condensers, the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can also be used as evaporators, that is, the indoor condenser 2, the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can all be used as condensers, and the cooler 15, the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6 can all be used as evaporators. Through the control of each path or a specific structure, various temperature control loops can be realized, and the requirements of various subdivided temperature control scenes can be specifically covered, including but not limited to the following scenes:
in fig. 2 to 8, the black thick arrows in the respective drawings indicate the refrigerant flow directions in the different modes.
It can be seen from the above description that the heat pump air conditioning heat management system in the embodiment is a direct heat pump air conditioning system, and has a three-condenser three-evaporator structure, and the flow direction of the refrigerant is changed by switching control of each valve, so that the cooling operation modes of a single condenser and a single evaporator, a single condenser and a double evaporator, and the heating operation modes of a single condenser and a single evaporator, a double condenser and a double evaporator can be realized on the basis of approximating the space of the conventional air conditioning structure. First major loop and second major loop move simultaneously when heating, utilized power supply unit 18, the waste heat of electricity drive device 19 and power battery 25 heats, thereby reduce outdoor evaporator frosting, directly refrigerate passenger cabin through first major loop is direct when refrigerating, consequently can carry out high-efficient heating, high-efficient refrigeration, thereby satisfy passenger cabin with the most suitable energy-conserving high-efficient working method, power supply unit 18, the temperature control demand of electricity drive device 19 and power battery 25, make heat pump air conditioner thermal management system can satisfy at various ambient temperature, the thermal management demand under the driving operating mode, and keep high efficiency low energy consumption, realize the saving of whole car energy consumption, improve electric vehicle's continuation of the journey mileage. Meanwhile, the problems that the traditional heat pump air conditioner is low in energy efficiency ratio and low in heating capacity at low ambient temperature, an external evaporator is easy to frost and the like can be solved, and the stability and the comfort of the operation of the heat pump air conditioner are improved.
Optionally, the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is further provided with a supercooling section, an outlet of the supercooling section is connected to the second port of the cooler 15 and the second port of the indoor heat exchanger 11, an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16 and an inlet of the liquid reservoir 8, and an outlet of the liquid reservoir 8 is connected to an inlet of the supercooling section. The refrigerant can be led out through the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and then enters the supercooling section through the liquid storage device 8 for supercooling, a certain amount of refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage device 8, the refrigerant in the system can be supplemented as required, the flow and the pressure of the refrigerant are ensured to be stable, and the requirement is met. In each refrigeration mode, after entering the outdoor heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange, the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 is controlled to flow into the liquid receiver 8, then flows into the supercooling section, flows into the indoor heat exchanger 11 and/or the cooler 15 according to actual requirements, and after the refrigerant exchanges heat through outdoor heat exchange, further refrigeration is performed through the supercooling section on the outdoor heat exchanger 6, so that the refrigeration effect of the system is improved.
Optionally, a third expansion valve 14 is arranged between the outlet of the supercooling section and the cooler 15; an outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 11 is connected between an outlet of the supercooling section and the third expansion valve 14, and is provided with the second expansion valve 10. The temperature of the refrigerant in the supercooling section can be further reduced, and the refrigerant flowing out of the supercooling section passes through the third expansion valve 14 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the cooler 15, so that the refrigerant flow rate requirement of the cooler 15 as an evaporator is met. Similarly, the refrigerant flowing out of the supercooling section passes through the second expansion valve 10 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the indoor heat exchanger 11, so as to meet the refrigerant flow rate requirement of the indoor heat exchanger 11 as an evaporator.
Optionally, a first electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged at the inlet of the liquid reservoir 8; a second electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16; a third electromagnetic valve 13 is arranged between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16. The on-off of the passage between the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the liquid receiver 8 can be controlled by the first electromagnetic valve 7, the on-off of the passage between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger 11 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16 can be controlled by the second electromagnetic valve 12, and the on-off of the passage between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 16 can be controlled by the third electromagnetic valve 13, so that the automatic control of each passage of the system is facilitated.
Alternatively, the inlet of the first water three-way valve 20 is connected to the electric drive 19, the first outlet of the first water three-way valve 20 is connected to the radiator 21, and the second outlet of the first water three-way valve 20 is connected to the inlet of the second water three-way valve 23. The first water three-way valve 20 can control the opening and closing of the inlet and the first and second outlets, when the inlet of the first water three-way valve 20 is communicated with the first outlet and is closed with the second outlet, the cooling liquid flows out of the electric driving device 19 and enters the radiator 21 for heat radiation, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid; when the inlet of the first water three-way valve 20 is closed to the first outlet and communicates with the second outlet, the coolant flows out of the electric drive 19 into the second water three-way valve 23 and finally through the cooler 15, transferring heat to the first main circuit.
Alternatively, a first outlet of the second water three-way valve 23 is connected to the power battery 25, and a second outlet of the second water three-way valve 23 is connected to the power supply device 18. When the inlet of the second water three-way valve 23 is communicated with the first outlet and is closed, the cooling liquid flowing out of the electric driving device 19 and the power supply device 18 flows into the loop where the power battery 25 is positioned, so that the whole second loop is conducted, and finally the heat is transferred to the first main loop; when the inlet of the second water three-way valve 23 is closed with the first outlet and communicated with the second outlet, it is equivalent to separate the loop where the electric driving device 19 and the power supply device 18 are located from the loop where the power battery 25 is located, and the electric driving device 19 and the power supply device 18 can be separately subjected to circulating heat dissipation in the loops, so as to avoid transferring the heat to the loop where the power battery 25 is located.
Optionally, a motor water pump 17 is arranged at an inlet of the power supply device 18; a battery water pump 24 is arranged at the inlet of the power battery 25. When the inlet of the second water three-way valve 23 is closed with the first outlet and communicated with the second outlet, the loop where the electric driving device 19 and the power supply device 18 are located is isolated from the loop where the power battery 25 is located, the motor water pump 17 can drive the cooling liquid inside the loop where the electric driving device 19 and the power supply device 18 are located to circulate in a circulating manner, and the battery water pump 24 can drive the cooling liquid inside the loop where the power battery 25 is located to circulate in a circulating manner.
Optionally, the second main circuit further comprises an expansion tank 22, an outlet of the expansion tank 22 is connected to an inlet of a second water three-way valve 23, and an inlet of the expansion tank 22 is simultaneously connected to an outlet of the radiator 21 and a second outlet of the first water three-way valve 20. The expansion tank 22 is used for storing and supplementing the cooling liquid, the cooling liquid volume expands when the temperature is high, redundant cooling liquid in the system enters the expansion tank 22, the cooling liquid volume is reduced when the temperature is low, the cooling liquid in the expansion tank 22 is supplemented into the system, and the cooling liquid in the system can be supplemented as required, so that the flow and the pressure of the cooling liquid are stable, and the requirement is met.
The embodiment also provides a vehicle which comprises the heat pump air conditioner heat management system.
While the vehicle is operating, the heat pump air conditioning thermal management system on the vehicle includes, but is not limited to, the following modes:
as shown in fig. 2, when the ambient temperature is high and the driver selects to cool the passenger compartment, the electric compressor 1 is started, the third electromagnetic valve 13 is closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (no heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the first expansion valve 5 (fully opened), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the first electromagnetic valve 7 (opened), the liquid reservoir 8, the supercooling section 9, the second expansion valve 10 (operated), the indoor heat exchanger 11 (heat exchange), the second electromagnetic valve 12 (opened), and the gas-liquid separator 16 to return to the electric compressor 1, and the passenger compartment is cooled by the heat exchanger 11.
As shown in fig. 3, when the temperature of the power battery 25 is higher than the set value, the electric compressor 1 is started, the second electromagnetic valve 12 and the third electromagnetic valve 13 are closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (no heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the first expansion valve 5 (fully opened), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the first electromagnetic valve 7 (opened), the liquid receiver 8, the supercooling section 9, the third expansion valve 14 (operated), the cooler 15 (at this time, the cooler 15 is operated, that is, the battery water pump 24 is started, the coolant flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27 in sequence to return to the battery water pump 24 to form a heat exchange cycle), the gas-liquid separator 16 returns to the electric compressor 1, and the cooling of the power battery 25 is performed through the cooler 15.
As shown in fig. 4, when the temperature of the power battery 25 is higher than the set value and the driver selects to cool down the passenger compartment, the electric compressor 1 is started, the third electromagnetic valve 13 is closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (no heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the first expansion valve 5 (fully opened), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the first electromagnetic valve 7 (opened), the liquid reservoir 8 and the supercooling section 9, the refrigerant is divided into two paths at this time, the first path flows through the third expansion valve 14 (operated), the cooler 15 (the cooler 15 is operated at this time, i.e., the battery water pump 24 is started, the cooling liquid flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15 and the third water three-way valve 27 in sequence to return to the battery water pump 24 to form a heat exchange cycle), the gas-liquid separator 16 returns to the electric compressor 1, and the cooling down of the power battery 25 is performed through the cooler 15. The second path returns to the electric compressor 1 through the second expansion valve 10 (working), the indoor heat exchanger 1 (heat exchange) 1, the second electromagnetic valve 12 (opening) and the gas-liquid separator 16, and the cooling of the passenger compartment is implemented through the heat exchanger 11 to form another heat exchange cycle.
As shown in fig. 5, when the driver selects the passenger compartment to heat up due to a low ambient temperature, the electric compressor 1 is started, the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 12 are closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the first expansion valve 5 (operation), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the third solenoid valve 13 (open), and the gas-liquid separator 16 to return to the electric compressor 1, and the passenger compartment is heated by the indoor condenser 2.
As shown in fig. 6, when the ambient temperature is low and the driver selects the passenger compartment to heat up and the temperature and pressure of the heat pump system satisfy a certain condition, the electric compressor 1 is started, the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 are closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the indoor heat exchanger 11 (heat exchange), the check valve 4, the first expansion valve 5 (working), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the third electromagnetic valve 13 (open), and the gas-liquid separator 16 returns to the electric compressor 1, and the passenger compartment is heated by the indoor condenser 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 11.
As shown in fig. 7, when the driver selects the passenger compartment to be heated and the vehicle residual heat is sufficient when the ambient temperature is low, the electric compressor 1 is started, the first electromagnetic valve 7, the second electromagnetic valve 12 and the third electromagnetic valve 13 are closed, refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the indoor heat exchanger 11 (heat exchange), the second expansion valve 10 (full open), the third expansion valve 14 (work), the cooler 15 (at this time, the cooler 15 works, namely, the battery water pump 24 and the motor water pump 17 are started, cooling liquid sequentially flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27, the motor water pump 17, the power supply device 18, the electric driving device 19, the first water three-way valve 20, the expansion tank 22 and the second water three-way valve 23, the return battery water pump 24 forms a heat exchange cycle), the gas-liquid separator 16 returns to the electric compressor 1, and waste heat of the vehicle is absorbed through the cooler 15 to heat heating of the passenger compartment.
As shown in fig. 8, when the ambient temperature is low and the driver selects the passenger compartment to heat up and the vehicle residual heat is insufficient, the electric compressor 1 is started, the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the third electromagnetic valve 12 are closed, the refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 2 (heat exchange), the air-conditioning three-way valve 3, the indoor heat exchanger 11 (heat exchange), and the refrigerant is divided into two paths at this time, the first path passes through the one-way valve 4, the first expansion valve 5 (working), the outdoor heat exchanger 6 (heat exchange), the third electromagnetic valve 13 (open), and the gas-liquid separator 16 and returns to the electric compressor 1, the second path passes through the second expansion valve 10 (fully open), the third expansion valve 14 (working), and the cooler 15 (at this time, the cooler 15 works, that is, the battery water pump 24 and the motor water pump 17 are started, and the coolant flows through the power battery 25, the PTC heater 26, the cooler 15, the third water three-way valve 27, the motor water pump 17, the power supply device 18, The electric driving device 19, the first water three-way valve 20, the expansion tank 22, the second water three-way valve 23 and the return battery water pump 24 form heat exchange circulation, the gas-liquid separator 16 returns to the electric compressor 1, and the outdoor heat exchanger 6 absorbs ambient heat and the cooler 15 absorbs waste heat of the vehicle to heat the passenger compartment.
The vehicle in the embodiment can realize multiple working modes such as a single condenser single evaporator, a single condenser double evaporator, a double condenser single evaporator, a double condenser double evaporator and the like through the control of the heat pump air conditioner heat management system, so that the vehicle can meet the heat management at various environmental temperatures and under different driving working conditions, the high efficiency and the low energy consumption of the heat pump air conditioner are kept, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is saved, the cruising mileage of the electric vehicle is improved, meanwhile, the problems that the energy efficiency ratio is low, the heating capacity is less, the external evaporator is easy to frost and the like under the low environmental temperature of the heat pump air conditioner in the traditional vehicle are solved, and the operation stability and the comfort of the heat pump air conditioner on the vehicle are improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump air conditioner heat management system is characterized by comprising a first main loop and a second main loop, wherein the first main loop and the second main loop carry out mutual heat exchange through a shared cooler;
the first main loop comprises an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an indoor condenser, an air conditioner three-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, the cooler and a gas-liquid separator which are connected in series in sequence to form a loop;
an inlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve is connected to an outlet of the indoor condenser, and a first outlet of the air-conditioning three-way valve is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger; an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separator;
a first port of the indoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to a second outlet of the air conditioner three-way valve and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a second port of the indoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to an inlet and an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a one-way valve is arranged at the joint of the indoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the second main loop comprises a power battery, a thermosensitive heater, a cooler, a third water three-way valve, a power supply device, an electric driving device, a first water three-way valve, a radiator and a second water three-way valve which are sequentially connected in series to form the loop;
an inlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the cooler, a first outlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the power supply device, and a second outlet of the third water three-way valve is connected to the power battery.
2. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of claim 1, wherein a first expansion valve is disposed between a first outlet of the air conditioning three-way valve and an inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger; and a second port of the indoor heat exchanger is connected between the air conditioner three-way valve and the first expansion valve.
3. The heat pump air conditioning heat management system of claim 1, wherein a subcooling section is further disposed on the outdoor heat exchanger, an outlet of the subcooling section is connected to the second ports of the indoor heat exchanger and the cooler, an outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator and an inlet of the liquid reservoir, and an outlet of the liquid reservoir is connected to an inlet of the subcooling section.
4. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of claim 3, wherein a third expansion valve is disposed between an outlet of the subcooling section and the cooler; and an outlet of the indoor heat exchanger is connected between an outlet of the supercooling section and the third expansion valve, and is provided with a second expansion valve.
5. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of claim 3, wherein a first solenoid valve is provided at an inlet of the reservoir; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged between the first port of the indoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; and a third electromagnetic valve is arranged between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator.
6. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of claim 1, wherein an inlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to the electric drive, a first outlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to a radiator, and a second outlet of the first water three-way valve is connected to an inlet of the second water three-way valve.
7. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of claim 1, wherein a first outlet of the second water three-way valve is connected to the power battery and a second outlet of the second water three-way valve is connected to the power supply device.
8. The heat pump air conditioner thermal management system of claim 1, wherein a motor water pump is provided at an inlet of the power supply device; and a battery water pump is arranged at the inlet of the power battery.
9. The heat pump air conditioning thermal management system of any of claims 1-8, wherein the second primary circuit further comprises an expansion tank, an outlet of the expansion tank is connected to an inlet of the second water three-way valve, and an inlet of the expansion tank is simultaneously connected to an outlet of the radiator and a second outlet of the first water three-way valve.
10. A vehicle comprising a heat pump air conditioning thermal management system according to any of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122694025.4U CN216659502U (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Heat pump air conditioner heat management system and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122694025.4U CN216659502U (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Heat pump air conditioner heat management system and vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216659502U true CN216659502U (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202122694025.4U Active CN216659502U (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Heat pump air conditioner heat management system and vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN216659502U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-04 CN CN202122694025.4U patent/CN216659502U/en active Active
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