CN216632967U - Seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding - Google Patents
Seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN216632967U CN216632967U CN202123258594.0U CN202123258594U CN216632967U CN 216632967 U CN216632967 U CN 216632967U CN 202123258594 U CN202123258594 U CN 202123258594U CN 216632967 U CN216632967 U CN 216632967U
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Abstract
A seamless steel rail welding device based on electric arc welding belongs to the technical field of railway maintenance. A narrow-gap automatic welding device for steel rails, which can be welded and formed at one time without changing a die, is designed, a welding stop block is formed into a bottom welding port by removing the rail bottom part of the welding stop block, then an arc-shaped sliding rail is arranged on the steel rail clamping equipment, the position-changing motor drives the travelling wheels to rotate in the sliding rail and drives the sliding table to rotate along the center of the sliding rail, so that the sliding table can reach the rail bottom and rail head positions of the welding stop block, meanwhile, a longitudinal offset motor is arranged on the sliding table to lead a welding gun arranged on the sliding table to reciprocate towards the X-axis direction, the sliding table is connected with a rotatable lead screw through a nut, the transverse offset motor drives the lead screw to lead the sliding table to reciprocate towards the Y-axis direction, in the process of operation, the welding gun performs welding on the bottom of the rail at the bottom of the rail and then performs welding on the head of the rail by running the displacement motor to the upper part of the rail.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of railway maintenance, in particular to seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding.
Background
For a long time, the field welding of railway rails mostly adopts thermite welding, the welding method is simple, the volume of welding equipment is small, but the width of a welding heat affected zone cannot be reduced due to the large heat input of the thermite welding, so that the problem of softening of joints cannot be fundamentally solved, and the problem of generally high serious damage rate and high end breakage rate of thermite welding joints still exists. Forced shielded metal arc welding is the earliest method for welding rails, and uses a straight slope of 16-20mm, and the two ends of the weld bead are blocked by copper blocks to form the weld. In the three-time welding of the overlong seamless line of the Japan new mainline, the forced forming arc welding is the only allowable on-site steel rail in-situ welding method, but the forced forming arc welding has the defects of long welding time, strong tolerance to welding technology, unstable joint quality and the like, meanwhile, due to the special structure of the steel rail, the existing arc welding process needs to firstly install a rail bottom die and weld during operation, remove the rail bottom die after welding is finished, install a rail waist and weld a rail head die again, and the working efficiency is not high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical task of the utility model is to solve the defects of the prior art and provide seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding.
The core technical idea of the utility model is as follows: a narrow-gap automatic welding device for steel rails, which can be welded and formed at one time without changing a die, is designed, a welding stop block is formed into a bottom welding port by removing the rail bottom part of the welding stop block, then an arc-shaped sliding rail is arranged on the steel rail clamping equipment, the position-changing motor drives the travelling wheels to rotate in the sliding rail and drives the sliding table to rotate along the center of the sliding rail, so that the sliding table can reach the rail bottom and rail head positions of the welding stop block, meanwhile, a longitudinal offset motor is arranged on the sliding table to lead a welding gun arranged on the sliding table to reciprocate towards the X-axis direction, the sliding table is connected with a rotatable lead screw through a nut, the transverse offset motor drives the lead screw to lead the sliding table to reciprocate towards the Y-axis direction, in the process of operation, the welding gun performs welding on the bottom of the rail at the bottom of the rail and then performs welding on the head of the rail by running the displacement motor to the upper part of the rail.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a seamless steel rail welding device based on electric arc welding comprises a first stop block and a second stop block, wherein the second stop block comprises a rail bottom, the device comprises a rail web and a rail head, wherein a first stop block only comprises the rail web and the rail head, the first stop block and a second stop block are arranged on a fixed frame to form a rail head weld seam and a rail bottom weld seam, the fixed frame is arranged on a vertical plate, a sliding rail is arranged on the vertical plate, the sliding rail is arc-shaped, a travelling wheel and a supporting wheel are arranged in a guide groove in the sliding rail, the travelling wheel is connected with a rotating shaft through a spline, a deflection motor is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, the supporting wheel is in clearance fit with a lead screw and is arranged at two ends of the lead screw, a nut is arranged on the lead screw and is fixed on a sliding table, a transverse deflection motor is arranged at one end of the lead screw, a bearing is arranged between the sliding table and the rotating shaft, and the transverse deflection motor and the deflection motor are arranged on the side surface of the sliding rail through a screw and a nut and are loosely connected with the sliding rail; a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod are arranged between the slide rails.
The sliding table is provided with a longitudinal deviation motor which is a linear motor, a rotor of the linear motor is provided with a welding gun, a welding wire penetrates through the middle of the welding gun and is wound on a welding wire roller, one side of the welding wire roller is provided with a welding wire feeding wheel, the welding wire feeding wheel is arranged on a support, the support is provided with a feeding motor, and the welding wire feeding wheel is provided with an air spring.
The side surface of the vertical plate is provided with a clamping jaw, the clamping jaw can rotate around the rotating shaft, one side of the clamping jaw is provided with a locking screw rod, and the locking screw rod is connected with the first track and the second track through a cushion block.
The first track and the second track are arranged on the bottom plate, ground feet and height-adjusting bolts are arranged between the first track and the bottom plate, and bottom plate stop blocks are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the ports of the first track and the second track.
Compared with the prior art, the seamless steel rail welding equipment based on the electric arc welding has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the opening is formed in one side of the welding stop block, a mode of combining vertical welding on the side surface and horizontal welding on the top surface is adopted, and compared with the traditional operation mode of firstly welding the rail bottom by using the bottom baffle and then welding the rail web and the rail head by using the combined baffle, the mechanism designed by the utility model can weld and form the rail fracture at one time, the baffle is not required to be disassembled and assembled in the middle, and the welding efficiency can be greatly improved.
(2) The welding process of the welding machine realizes full-automatic closed-loop control, so that the technical dependence on operators is reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. And the welding equipment is light and movable, so that the seamless steel rail can obtain high-quality welding joints under different conditions, and the railway driving safety is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a first station of the inventive structure;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a second station of the present invention configuration;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a structural jaw of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a bottom plate, 2, a vertical plate, 3, a clamping jaw, 4, a locking screw rod, 5, a cushion block, 6, a ground foot, 7, a height-adjusting bolt, 801, a first connecting rod, 802, a second connecting rod, 9, a sliding rail, 10, a sliding table, 111, a traveling wheel, 112, a supporting wheel, 12, a first stop, 13, a second stop, 14, a bottom plate stop, 15, a welding wire roller, 16, a welding wire feeding wheel, 17, a gas spring, 181, a first rail, 182, a second rail, 191, a transverse deviation motor, 192, a longitudinal deviation motor, 20, a displacement motor, 21, a rotating shaft, 22, a lead screw, 23, a nut, 24, a fixing frame, 251, a rail head welding opening, 252, a rail bottom welding opening, 26, a welding gun, 27 and a welding wire.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the utility model refers to the accompanying drawings.
A seamless steel rail welding device based on electric arc welding comprises a first stop block 12 and a second stop block 13, wherein the second stop block 13 comprises a rail bottom, a rail waist part and a rail head part, the first stop block 12 only comprises a rail waist part and a rail head part, the first stop block 12 and the second stop block 13 are arranged on a fixing frame 24 to form a rail head welded junction 251 and a rail bottom welded junction 252, the fixing frame 24 is arranged on a vertical plate 2, a sliding rail 9 is arranged on the vertical plate 2, the sliding rail 9 is arc-shaped, a walking wheel 111 and a supporting wheel 112 are arranged in a guide groove in the sliding rail, the walking wheel 111 is connected with a rotating shaft 21 through a spline, a displacement motor 20 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 21, the supporting wheel 112 is in clearance fit with a lead screw 22 and is arranged at two ends of the lead screw, a nut 23 is arranged on the lead screw 22, the nut 23 is fixed on a sliding table 10, a transverse displacement motor 191 is arranged at one end of the lead screw 22, a bearing is arranged between the sliding table 10 and the rotating shaft 21, the transverse displacement motor 191 and the displacement motor 20 are arranged on the side face of the sliding rail 9 through screws and are kept loosely connected with the sliding rail 9 through the nuts Connecting; between the slide rails 9 are a first link 801 and a second link 802.
As a first embodiment of the present invention, the lateral shift motor 191 and the shift motor 20 are loosely connected to the slide rail 9 by flanges and bolts, so that the lateral shift motor 191 and the shift motor 20 can move along the guide groove of the slide rail 9 following the slide table 10, and the bodies of the shift motor 191 and the shift motor 20 cannot rotate around their axes due to the constraint action of the bolts and nuts.
As a first embodiment of the present invention, the rotation of the lateral shift motor 191 drives the sliding table 10 to move axially along the axis of the lead screw 22, and during this process, the sliding table 10 and the rotating shaft 21 move relatively.
Further, the rotation of the shift motor 20 drives the sliding table 10 to move along the guide groove of the sliding rail 9, and the sliding table 10 and the lead screw 22 do not move relatively in the process.
A longitudinal deviation motor 192 is installed on the sliding table 10, the longitudinal deviation motor 192 is a linear motor, a welding gun 26 is installed on a rotor of the linear motor, a welding wire 27 penetrates through the middle of the welding gun 26, the welding wire 27 is wound on a welding wire roller 15, a welding wire feeding wheel 16 is installed on one side of the welding wire roller 15, the welding wire feeding wheel 16 is installed on a support, a feeding motor is installed on the support, and a gas spring 17 is installed on the welding wire feeding wheel 16.
The side of riser 2 installs clamping jaw 3, and clamping jaw 3 can rotate around the pivot, and locking screw 4 is installed to one side of clamping jaw, and locking screw 4 passes through cushion 5 and is connected with first track 181 and second track 182.
The first rail 181 and the second rail 182 are arranged on the bottom plate 1, the feet 6 and the height-adjusting bolts 7 are arranged between the first rail 181 and the bottom plate 1 and between the second rail 182 and the bottom plate 1, and the bottom plate stoppers 14 are arranged at the end openings of the first rail 181 and the second rail 182.
As the first embodiment of the utility model, the bottom plate stop block adopts a high-temperature sintered ceramic liner, and the single-side welding and double-side forming welding of the first layer of the rail bottom can be conveniently implemented. The high-temperature liner has the advantages of simple assembly, one-time use, convenient operation, lower cost and the like, a molten layer on the surface of the liner forms slag to protect weld metal, so that the surface of a weld is formed smoothly, a weld on the back is transited smoothly with a parent metal, and the liner does not influence the chemical composition of the weld.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, during welding, a flux should be laid in advance between the first rail 181 and the second rail 182, the flux is tightly attached to two side walls of a fracture, when a welding wire is fed to the bottom of a groove, an arc is instantly ignited, at this time, since the side walls are separated by the flux with high melting point and poor conductivity, the arc first acts on the flux, the flux at the lower end is continuously burnt under the action of arc heat, and the burnt flux absorbs a large amount of arc heat in the melting process, so that a certain cooling effect is provided for the arc, the arc generates a thermal compression effect, and the flux without burning at the upper end plays a wall fixing and restraining effect for a root arc. Therefore, under the combined action of mechanical compression of the flux sheet and wall-fixing constraint, the electric arc climbing is effectively prevented. At the moment, the welding flux piece is heated and melted by the electric arc, and then the exposed groove side wall can be heated by the electric arc to form a molten pool. While the flux flakes, which are not melted by the arc heating, continue to melt by thermal conduction in contact with the molten metal. Therefore, the flux sheet is melted in two stages in the whole welding process, the melted flux sheet in the two stages is decomposed under the action of high temperature to generate a large amount of CO2 gas and slag to form a gas-slag combined protection effect, and the melted flux participates in the metallurgical reaction of a molten pool to improve the performance of a welding seam. With the stable forward movement of the welding gun in the groove, new welding flux is continuously burnt, and the continuity and stability of the welding process are ensured.
As a first embodiment of the present invention, a welding apparatus is designed to be used by:
(1) the steel rail to be butted is placed on the workbench, and the steel rail is clamped by welding equipment at two sides of the steel rail through the clamping jaws 3, so that the flatness of the butted steel rail is ensured.
(2) And laying the welding flux strip in the groove gap, wherein two sides of the welding flux strip are required to be close to the side wall of the groove, and the bottom of the welding flux strip is required to be contacted with the surface of the welding bead as much as possible so as to facilitate arc striking. And the welding gun is enabled to walk back and forth for several times along the butt joint in the groove gap, the welding wire is ensured to be completely centered in the welding flux zone, and then the welding gun is withdrawn.
(3) The welding seam at the bottom of the steel rail is welded, and before welding, an arc striking baffle and an arc extinguishing baffle are respectively pressed on two end parts of the welding seam to prevent welding defects, such as welding craters and cracks, from being generated on the two end parts. And shrinkage holes are sometimes generated during arc-extinguishing, so that the electric arc is subjected to arc striking and arc extinguishing outside the butt joint of the two steel rails, and the welding defect of the end part can be avoided as much as possible. And after the bottom is welded, the welding seam is higher than the outline by 4-5 mm.
(4) When welding the waist of the rail, the arc also needs to be led out of the butt joint.
(5) After the steel rail is welded, immediately heating the welding joint and the nearby area to 300-450 ℃ by using a crawler-type ceramic heater, measuring the temperature by using a contact digital display thermodetector, and immediately wrapping by using heat-insulating cotton for heat insulation so as to slowly cool the steel rail.
In summary, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can propose other embodiments within the teaching of the present invention, but these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The seamless steel rail welding equipment based on arc welding is characterized by comprising a first stop block (12) and a second stop block (13), wherein the second stop block (13) comprises a rail bottom, a rail waist and a rail head, the first stop block (12) only comprises the rail waist and the rail head, the first stop block (12) and the second stop block (13) are arranged on a fixing frame (24) to form a rail head weld crater (251) and a rail bottom weld crater (252), the fixing frame (24) is arranged on a vertical plate (2), a sliding rail (9) is arranged on the vertical plate (2), the sliding rail (9) is arc-shaped, a traveling wheel (111) and a supporting wheel (112) are arranged in a guide groove of the sliding rail, the traveling wheel (111) is connected with a rotating shaft (21) through a spline, a displacement motor (20) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (21), the supporting wheel (112) is in clearance fit with a lead screw (22) and is arranged at two ends of the lead screw, a nut (23) is installed on the lead screw (22), the nut (23) is fixed on the sliding table (10), a transverse offset motor (191) is installed at one end of the lead screw (22), a linear bearing is installed between the sliding table (10) and the rotating shaft (21), and the transverse offset motor (191) and the displacement motor (20) are installed on the side face of the sliding rail (9) through a screw and a nut and are in loose connection with the sliding rail (9); a first connecting rod (801) and a second connecting rod (802) are arranged between the sliding rails (9).
2. The seamless steel rail welding equipment based on the electric arc welding as claimed in claim 1, wherein a longitudinal offset motor (192) is installed on the sliding table (10), the longitudinal offset motor (192) is a linear motor, a welding gun (26) is installed on a rotor of the linear motor, a welding wire (27) penetrates through the middle of the welding gun (26), the welding wire (27) is wound on a welding wire roller (15), a welding wire feeding wheel (16) is installed on one side of the welding wire roller (15), the welding wire feeding wheel (16) is installed on a support, the feeding motor is installed on the support, and an air spring (17) is installed on the welding wire feeding wheel (16).
3. The seamless rail welding equipment based on arc welding is characterized in that a clamping jaw (3) is arranged on the side face of the vertical plate (2), the clamping jaw (3) can rotate around a rotating shaft, a locking screw rod (4) is arranged on one side of the clamping jaw, and the locking screw rod (4) is connected with the first rail (181) and the second rail (182) through a cushion block (5).
4. The seamless rail welding apparatus based on arc welding according to claim 3, wherein the first rail (181) and the second rail (182) are arranged on the base plate (1), a ground pin (6) and an elevation bolt (7) are arranged between the first rail (181) and the base plate (1) and between the second rail (182) and the base plate (1), and a base plate stopper (14) is arranged at the end openings of the first rail (181) and the second rail (182).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123258594.0U CN216632967U (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123258594.0U CN216632967U (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216632967U true CN216632967U (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123258594.0U Active CN216632967U (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Seamless steel rail welding equipment based on electric arc welding |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117381421A (en) * | 2023-11-11 | 2024-01-12 | 斯科智能五金(绍兴)有限公司 | Automatic assembling equipment for caravan lock |
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2021
- 2021-12-23 CN CN202123258594.0U patent/CN216632967U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117381421A (en) * | 2023-11-11 | 2024-01-12 | 斯科智能五金(绍兴)有限公司 | Automatic assembling equipment for caravan lock |
| CN117381421B (en) * | 2023-11-11 | 2024-05-31 | 斯科智能五金(绍兴)有限公司 | Automatic assembling equipment for caravan lock |
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