CN216621772U - Scale-down ratio rolling test-bed - Google Patents
Scale-down ratio rolling test-bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN216621772U CN216621772U CN202122216648.0U CN202122216648U CN216621772U CN 216621772 U CN216621772 U CN 216621772U CN 202122216648 U CN202122216648 U CN 202122216648U CN 216621772 U CN216621772 U CN 216621772U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a reduced scale rolling test bed, which belongs to the technical field of rolling test beds and comprises a supporting frame, a wheel base adjusting platform, a longitudinal positioning seat, a loading unit and two rolling test units, wherein the two rolling test units are arranged on the wheel base adjusting platform; the two rolling test units are respectively and movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform and can be close to or far away from each other along the longitudinal direction; each rolling test unit comprises a guide rail platform and a roller assembly; the guide rail platform is movably connected with the wheel base adjusting platform; the roller assembly comprises a roller, and the rotation axis of the roller is arranged along the transverse direction; the roller assemblies are arranged into two groups along the transverse symmetry, and the two groups of roller assemblies are respectively movably connected on the guide rail platform and can be close to or far away from each other along the transverse direction. The reduced scale proportional rolling test bed provided by the utility model can be used for testing a single-shaft wheel set or a single-shaft bogie, can also be used for testing a two-shaft bogie, and has adjustable wheelbase and gauge and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of rolling test beds, and particularly relates to a reduced scale proportional rolling test bed.
Background
The wheel-rail relationship is one of the basic scientific and technical problems in railway transportation, is a complex and multidisciplinary crossing strong nonlinear coupling system, and is also one of the key factors influencing the safety, energy efficiency, cost and quality of railway transportation. The contents of the research on the wheel-rail relationship include wheel-rail abrasion, rolling contact fatigue, wheel-rail adhesion, derailment, wheel-rail noise and the like. Due to the importance and complexity of the wheel-rail relationship, many research institutions at home and abroad use the rolling test bed to simulate the wheel-rail interaction to research the wheel-rail relationship, and the rolling test bed has the main advantages of high controllability and repeatability, flexibility of a test device and lower cost than field tests.
At present, the rolling test bed comprises a full scale and a reduced scale. In China, a full-scale rolling test bed is widely adopted by scientific research institutions and enterprises to test, check and certify performance indexes of newly developed and designed products, most colleges and scientific research units use the full-scale rolling test bed to verify and analyze wheel-rail relation and dynamics modeling tests, but the full-scale rolling test bed has some limitations and disadvantages, such as huge construction investment cost, large occupied area, large operation cost, large energy consumption and the like. In addition, the development trend in the field of railway vehicles is to utilize computers to simulate and reduce the number of tests to the maximum extent, and the factors all promote the development of the scale-down rolling test bed. However, according to the literature, only a single-shaft wheel set 1/5 reduced-scale rolling test bed is set up in the southwest to carry out wheel-rail relation test research at present, but the single-shaft wheel set can only be tested, and the test function is single.
Therefore, how to provide a scale-down rolling test bed with wider application range is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the technical problems, the utility model provides a reduced scale rolling test bed which can be used for testing a single-shaft wheel set or a single-shaft bogie and also can be used for testing a double-shaft bogie, and has a wide application range.
The utility model provides a reduced scale rolling test bed, comprising:
a support frame;
the wheel base adjusting platform is arranged on the supporting frame;
the two rolling test units are longitudinally arranged in parallel and are respectively movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform and can be close to or far away from each other longitudinally; each rolling test cell comprises:
the guide rail platform is movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform;
the roller assembly comprises a roller for simulating an infinite-length rail, and the rotation axis of the roller is transversely arranged; the two groups of roller assemblies are arranged symmetrically along the transverse direction, the two groups of roller assemblies are respectively movably connected on the guide rail platform and can be close to or away from each other along the transverse direction, and the symmetrical surfaces of the roller assemblies of the two rolling test units are arranged in a coplanar manner;
the longitudinal positioning seat is used for fixing the longitudinal position of the piece to be tested on the rolling test unit and is arranged on the support frame;
and the loading unit is used for applying vertical static load to the test piece, is arranged at the top of the supporting frame and is positioned above the rolling test unit.
This technical scheme is through setting up two roll test units, both can be used to unipolar wheel pair or unipolar bogie experiment, also can be used to the diaxon bogie experiment, and moreover, two roll test units can be followed vertically and be close to each other or keep away from each other in order to be applicable to the bogie of different wheel bases, and two roller components in every roll test unit can be followed transversely and are close to each other or keep away from each other in order to be applicable to the different gauge of simulation, and application scope is extensive.
In some embodiments, the wheel base adjusting platform is provided with a linear sliding groove extending along the longitudinal direction, the guide rail platforms of the two rolling test units are detachably connected to the linear sliding groove through a first connecting piece, one end of the first connecting piece is slidably connected to the linear sliding groove and is slidable along the linear sliding groove, and the other end of the first connecting piece is detachably connected to the guide rail platform. According to the technical scheme, the distance between the two rolling test units can be adjusted by the first connecting piece sliding along the linear sliding groove, and the adjusting operation is simple and convenient.
In some embodiments, the two rolling test units are respectively rotatable relative to the wheel base adjusting platform to simulate the attack angle between the wheel tracks, the rotation axes of the rolling test units extend along the vertical direction, and the rotation axes of the rolling test units are positioned on the symmetry planes of the two groups of roller assemblies in the rolling test units and intersect with the rotation axes of the rollers in the roller assemblies. According to the technical scheme, the two rolling test units respectively rotate relative to the wheel base adjusting platform to simulate the attack angle between the wheel tracks, and the simulation of the operation condition of the curved track can be realized.
In some embodiments, a rotating shaft mounting hole is formed at the intersection of the rotating axis of the rolling test unit and the guide rail platform of the rolling test unit, and a rotating shaft is detachably and rotatably connected in the rotating shaft mounting hole; the axle distance adjusting platform is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and arc-shaped sliding chutes are formed in the axle distance adjusting platform by taking each positioning hole as the center of a circle; the rotating shafts of the two rolling test units are respectively detachably and rotatably connected in different positioning holes, the guide rail platform of each rolling test unit is detachably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove corresponding to the positioning hole where the rotating shaft is located through the second connecting piece, one end of the second connecting piece is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove and slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the other end of the second connecting piece is detachably connected in the guide rail platform. In the technical scheme, the rotating shaft is used as a rotating center, the rolling test unit can rotate relative to the wheel base adjusting platform through the sliding of the second connecting piece along the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the rotating angle of the rolling test unit can be controlled by adjusting the position of the second connecting piece in the arc-shaped sliding groove, so that the adjustment of the angle of attack between the wheel and the rail is realized.
In some embodiments, the guide rail platform is provided with a guide rail extending along the transverse direction, and the two groups of roller assemblies are respectively connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner; the rolling test unit also comprises a track gauge adjusting assembly for driving the roller assemblies to slide along the guide rail so as to adjust the distance between the rollers of the two groups of roller assemblies.
In some of these embodiments, the loading unit includes a mounting beam fixedly mounted on top of the support frame and extending in a longitudinal direction, and a vertical actuator slidably connected to the mounting beam for sliding along the mounting beam, the vertical actuator actuating in a vertical direction for applying a vertical static load to the test piece. In this technical scheme, through vertical actuator along the adjustable vertical actuator loading position of installation roof beam slip.
In some embodiments, the roller assembly further comprises a base movably connected to the guide rail platform, a driving motor for driving the roller to rotate and a roller mounting seat for mounting the roller are mounted on the base, the axle of the roller is rotatably connected to the roller mounting seat, and one axial end of the axle of the roller is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor. In the technical scheme, the rollers in each roller assembly are independently driven by one driving motor, and the rotation condition of the rollers can be independently controlled according to the requirement of a test project.
In some embodiments, the driving motors are located on the opposite sides of the two groups of roller assemblies, and the shaft couplings are detachably connected between the wheel shafts of the rollers of the two groups of roller assemblies. In the technical scheme, the two rollers can be driven by one driving motor to synchronously rotate so as to simulate the running condition of the wheel pair or the bogie along a linear track through the arranged coupling.
In some embodiments, the roller assembly further comprises a torque sensor for testing the output torque of the driving motor and an encoder for testing the rotating speed of the roller, and the torque sensor and the encoder are installed between the driving motor and the roller and are both installed on the base. In the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the roller can be acquired in real time through the arranged encoder so as to control the rotating speed of the roller, so that the track simulation condition is known; through the cooperation of the encoder and the torque sensor, the test and experimental research of wheel rail adhesion-creep can be realized.
In some of these embodiments, the roller includes a hub, a hub fixedly attached to an outer periphery of the hub, and a rim removably attached to an outer periphery of the hub. In this technical scheme, the rim design of gyro wheel is detachable construction, and the maintenance and the change of gyro wheel are extremely convenient, are convenient for realize the experimental research of wheel rail rolling wear.
In some of the embodiments, the wheel rim is a plurality of, and different wheel rims have outer peripheral surfaces with different shapes, and the shape of the outer peripheral surface comprises a cylindrical surface, a circular table surface and a concave-convex surface. In the technical scheme, different test requirements can be met by replacing the wheel rims with different peripheral surfaces.
In some of the embodiments, a wedge block is padded between the bottom of one transverse end of the guide rail platform and the wheel base adjusting platform. In this technical scheme, the track that has the slope can be simulated through the voussoir that sets up.
In some of these embodiments, the roll testing unit further comprises a lateral actuator that is actuated in a lateral direction to apply a lateral excitation to the roller assembly, the lateral actuator being mounted on the rail platform. In the technical scheme, the transverse unsmooth excitation of the simulated track can be realized through the arranged transverse actuator.
In some of these embodiments, there are two longitudinal actuators and two transverse actuators are located at each lateral end of the rail platform to respectively apply transverse excitation to the two sets of roller assemblies.
In some of these embodiments, the bottom of the support frame is provided with vibration isolators.
Based on the technical scheme, the reduced scale proportional rolling test bed in the embodiment of the utility model can be used for testing a single-shaft wheel set or a single-shaft bogie, can also be used for testing a double-shaft bogie, and has adjustable wheelbase and gauge and wide application range.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model without limiting the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a scaled rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pitch adjustment platform in the reduced-scale rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling test unit and a wheel base adjusting platform when the reduced-scale rolling test bed provided by an embodiment of the utility model simulates a linear track state;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling test unit and a wheel base adjusting platform when the reduced-scale rolling test bed provided by an embodiment of the utility model simulates a curve track state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling test unit in a scaled-down rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail platform in the reduced-scale rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller assembly in a scaled rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface in a reduced scale rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a roller having a circular table surface on the outer peripheral surface in the reduced-scale rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller having a concave-convex outer peripheral surface in a reduced-scale rolling test bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling test unit and a wheel base adjusting platform when a scaled rolling test bed provided by an embodiment of the present invention simulates a linear track state with a slope;
in the figure:
1. a support frame; 2. a wheel base adjusting platform; 3. a rolling test unit; 4. a longitudinal positioning seat; 5. a loading unit; 6. a vibration isolator; 7. a first connecting member; 8. a second connecting member; 9. a rotating shaft; 10. a wedge block;
21. a linear chute; 22. positioning holes; 23. an arc-shaped chute;
31. a rail platform; 32. a roller assembly; 33. a longitudinal actuator;
311. a rotating shaft mounting hole; 312. a guide rail;
321. a roller; 3211. a wheel axle; 3212. a wheel center; 3213. a rim; 322. a roller mounting seat; 3221. a U-shaped support table; 3222. an axle box; 323. a drive motor; 324. a base; 325. a coupling; 326. a torque sensor;
51. mounting a beam; 52. a vertical actuator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the term longitudinal refers to a length direction of the support frame, lateral refers to a width direction of the support frame, and vertical refers to a height direction of the support frame; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 1 for ease of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, in an exemplary embodiment of the reduced-scale rolling test bed of the present invention, the reduced-scale rolling test bed includes a supporting frame 1, a wheel base adjusting platform 2, a rolling test unit 3, a longitudinal positioning seat 4 and a loading unit 5; the wheel base adjusting platform 2 is arranged on the supporting frame 1; the two rolling test units 3 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction, and the two rolling test units 3 are respectively movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform 2 and can be close to or far away from each other along the longitudinal direction; each rolling test unit 3 comprises a guide rail platform 31 and a roller assembly 32; the guide rail platform 31 is movably connected with the wheel base adjusting platform 2; the roller assembly 32 includes a roller 321 for simulating an infinitely long rail, and a rotation axis of the roller 321 is arranged in a transverse direction; the roller assemblies 32 are symmetrically arranged into two groups along the transverse direction, the rotation axes of the rollers 321 of the two groups of roller assemblies 32 are arranged in a collinear manner, the two groups of roller assemblies 32 are respectively movably connected to the guide rail platform 31 and can be close to or far away from each other along the transverse direction, and the symmetrical surfaces of the roller assemblies 32 of the two rolling test units 3 are arranged in a coplanar manner; the longitudinal positioning seat 4 is used for fixing the longitudinal position of a to-be-tested piece on the rolling test unit 3 and is arranged on the support frame 1; the loading unit 5 is used for applying a vertical static load to the test piece, is arranged at the top of the support frame 1 and is positioned above the rolling test unit 3.
The working principle of the reduced scale rolling test bed is as follows:
(1) when the device is used for testing the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie, a rolling test unit 3 is selected for testing, the distance between the rollers 321 of the two roller assemblies 32 is adjusted by the two roller assemblies 32 in the rolling test unit 3 approaching to or departing from each other along the transverse direction to adjust the rail gauge, the rail gauge is adjusted to be matched with the wheel gauge of the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie to be tested, the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie is placed on the two roller assemblies 32 of the rolling test unit 3, the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie is connected to the longitudinal positioning seat 4 to fix the longitudinal position of the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie (if the distance is far from the longitudinal single-axle positioning seat 4, the single-axle wheel set/single-axle bogie is also connected to the longitudinal positioning seat 4 through a transverse single-axle wheel set/positioning rod), and a vertical static load is applied to the test piece through a loading unit 5 to simulate the weight of a vehicle body, the research on the wheel-rail relationship during straight-line running is realized by simulating an infinite-length rail through the rotation of the roller 321 of the roller assembly 32.
(2) When the device is used for a double-shaft bogie test, the distance between the two rolling test units 3 is adjusted by longitudinally approaching or separating the two rolling test units 3 from each other to adjust the wheelbase, the wheelbase is adjusted to be matched with the wheelbase of the double-shaft bogie to be tested, the distance between the two groups of rolling wheel assemblies 32 in the rolling test units 3 is adjusted by transversely approaching or separating the two groups of rolling wheel assemblies 32 from each other to adjust the distance between the two groups of rolling wheel assemblies 32, the wheelbase is adjusted to be matched with the wheelbase of the double-shaft bogie to be tested, the double-shaft bogie is placed on the two rolling test units 3, and the double-shaft bogie is connected to the longitudinal positioning seat 4 to fix the longitudinal position of the double-shaft bogie (if the distance is far away from the longitudinal positioning seat 4, the double-shaft bogie can also be connected to the longitudinal positioning seat 4 through a transverse positioning rod), vertical static load is applied to the to-be-tested part through the loading unit 5 so as to simulate the weight of a vehicle body, and the research on the mechanical performance of the bogie during straight-line running is realized by simulating an infinite track through the rotation of the roller 321 of the roller assembly 32.
In the above exemplary embodiment, two rolling test units 3 are provided, which can be used for both single-axle wheel pair or single-axle bogie test and two-axle bogie test, and the two rolling test units 3 can be longitudinally close to each other or longitudinally away from each other to be suitable for bogies with different wheelbases, and the two rolling wheel assemblies 32 in each rolling test unit 3 can be transversely close to each other or laterally away from each other to be suitable for simulating different wheelbases, so that the application range is wide.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, the wheel base adjusting platform 2 is provided with a linear sliding groove 21 extending along the longitudinal direction, the rail platforms 31 of the two rolling test units 3 are detachably connected to the linear sliding groove 21 through the first connecting member 7, one end of the first connecting member 7 is slidably connected to the linear sliding groove 21 and is slidable along the linear sliding groove 21, and the other end of the first connecting member 7 is detachably connected to the rail platform 31. In this embodiment, the adjustment of the distance between the two rolling test units 3 can be realized by the sliding of the first connecting member 7 along the linear sliding groove 21, and the adjustment operation is simple and convenient. In this embodiment, two linear sliding grooves 21 are provided, and are respectively close to the two transverse ends of the wheelbase adjusting platform 2. The cross-section of straight line spout 21 is the T type, and first connecting piece 7 is the bolt, sets up the cross-section of straight line spout 21 into the head that the T type was convenient for hold the bolt and can play the guide effect, adopts the bolt as first connecting piece 7, can adjust the back that targets in place, makes guide rail platform 31 and wheel base adjustment platform 2 fastening through the mode of screwing up the bolt, avoids in the experimentation, and guide rail platform 31 and wheel base adjustment platform 2 take place relative displacement.
Further, in order to realize the simulation of the curved track, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in this embodiment, two rolling test units 3 are respectively rotatable relative to the wheelbase adjusting platform 2 to simulate the angle of attack between the wheeltracks, the rotation axes of the rolling test units 3 extend in the vertical direction, and the rotation axes of the rolling test units 3 are located on the symmetry plane of the two sets of roller assemblies 32 in the rolling test unit 3 and intersect with the rotation axes of the rollers 321 in the roller assemblies 32. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, a rotating shaft mounting hole 311 is formed at the intersection of the rotation axis of the rolling test unit 3 and the guide rail platform 31 thereof, and a rotating shaft 9 is detachably and rotatably connected in the rotating shaft mounting hole 311; the wheel base adjusting platform 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 22, the positioning holes 22 are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and the wheel base adjusting platform 2 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove 23 by taking each positioning hole 22 as the center of a circle; the rotating shafts 9 of the two rolling test units 3 are respectively detachably connected in different positioning holes 22 in a rotating mode, the guide rail platform 31 of each rolling test unit 3 is detachably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove 23 corresponding to the positioning hole 22 where the rotating shaft 9 is located through the second connecting piece 8, one end of the second connecting piece 8 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove 23 and slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove 23, and the other end of the second connecting piece 8 is detachably connected in the guide rail platform 31. In this embodiment, the rotation of the rolling test unit 3 relative to the wheel base adjustment platform 2 can be realized by sliding the second connecting member 8 along the arc-shaped sliding groove 23 with the rotating shaft 9 as a rotation center, and the rotation angle of the rolling test unit 3 can be controlled by adjusting the position of the second connecting member 8 in the arc-shaped sliding groove 23, so that the adjustment of the attack angle between the wheel tracks is realized. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 9 is a pin. In this embodiment, the cross-section of arc spout 23 also is the T type, and second connecting piece 8 also is the bolt, sets up the cross-section of arc spout 23 into the head that the T type was convenient for hold the bolt and can play the guide effect, adopts the bolt as second connecting piece 8, can put in place the back in the adjustment, makes guide rail platform 31 and wheel base adjustment platform 2 fastening through the mode of screwing up the bolt, avoids in the experimentation, guide rail platform 31 and wheel base adjustment platform 2 take place relative displacement. It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, the positioning hole 22 formed in the wheel base adjusting platform 2 is located between the two linear sliding grooves 21, and the first connecting member 7, the rotating shaft 9, the second connecting member 8 and the guide rail platform 31 are all detachably connected, so as to facilitate switching between two simulation modes, namely linear track simulation and curved track simulation.
To facilitate adjustment of the distance between the two roller assemblies 32, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in an exemplary embodiment, the rail platform 31 is provided with a guide rail 312 extending in the transverse direction, and the two roller assemblies 32 are slidably connected to the guide rail 312 respectively; the roll testing unit 3 further includes a gauge adjustment assembly (not shown) for driving the roller assemblies 32 to slide along the guide rails 312 to adjust the distance between the rollers 321 of the two sets of roller assemblies 32. It should be noted that the track gauge adjusting assembly may have various forms, for example, an electric push rod is adopted, an extending end of the electric push rod is connected to the roller assembly 32, a fixed end of the electric push rod is connected to the guide rail platform 31, and the electric push rod drives the roller assembly 32 to slide along the longitudinal extension direction; the roller assembly 32 can also be connected to the rail platform 31 by a lead screw, and the roller assembly 32 can be driven to slide by turning the lead screw. The present invention does not limit the specific structure of the track distance adjusting assembly, as long as the roller assembly 32 can be driven to slide along the guide rail 312.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, in an exemplary embodiment, the roller assembly 32 further includes a base 324 movably connected to the rail platform 31, a driving motor 323 for driving the roller 321 to rotate and a roller mounting base 322 for mounting the roller 321 are mounted on the base 324, an axle 3211 of the roller 321 is rotatably connected to the roller mounting base 322, and one axial end of the axle 3211 of the roller 321 is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 323. In this embodiment, the rollers 321 in each roller assembly 32 are independently driven by a driving motor 323, and the rotation condition of the rollers 321 can be independently controlled according to the requirement of the test item. When the running condition of the wheel set or the bogie along the linear track is simulated, the two driving motors 323 in the same rolling test unit 3 are synchronously controlled to enable the rotating speeds of the two driving motors 323 to be consistent, so that the two rollers 321 are controlled to synchronously rotate, and the running condition of the wheel set or the bogie along the linear track is simulated. Meanwhile, the driving motor 323 and the roller 321 in each roller assembly 32 are both mounted on the same base 324, which is beneficial to ensuring the coaxiality of the driving motor 323 and the roller 321. It should be noted that, the specific structure of the roller mounting seat 322 is as follows: the roller mounting seat 322 includes a U-shaped supporting platform 3221 and two axle boxes 3222, and the two axle boxes 3222 are respectively disposed on two top ends of the U-shaped supporting platform 3221.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the driving motor 323 is located at the opposite side of the two sets of roller assemblies 32, and a shaft coupling 325 is detachably connected between the axles 3211 of the rollers 321 of the two sets of roller assemblies 32. When the wheel shafts 3211 of the rollers 321 of the two roller assemblies 32 are connected through the coupling 325, two rollers 321 are driven by one driving motor 323 to rotate synchronously so as to simulate the running condition of the wheel pair or bogie along a straight track.
As shown in fig. 7, in an exemplary embodiment, the roller assembly 32 further includes a torque sensor 326 for measuring the output torque of the driving motor 323 and an encoder (not shown) for measuring the rotation speed of the roller 321, wherein the torque sensor 326 and the encoder are installed between the driving motor 323 and the roller 321 and are installed on the base 324. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the roller 321 can be obtained in real time through the encoder to control the rotation speed of the roller 321, so as to know the track simulation condition; through the cooperation of the arranged encoder and the arranged torque sensor 326, the wheel rail adhesion-creep test and experimental study can be realized. Meanwhile, the torque sensor 326, the encoder, the driving motor 323 and the roller 321 in each roller assembly 32 are all mounted on the same base 324, which is beneficial to ensuring the coaxiality of the whole transmission system. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep test is specifically described as follows: according to the torque T measured by the torque sensor 326 and the radius r of the roller 321, the transverse tangential force can be calculated
Let the vertical force applied to the wheel be FvThen the adhesion coefficient can be obtained
Two rollers 321 which are coaxial and controlled by an encoder arranged between a driving motor 323 and the rollers 321 at a rotating speed omega respectivelyRr、ωRlThe test wheel set is driven to rotate, and the rotating speed omega of the wheel set can be measured by utilizing an encoder arranged on the test wheel setwAnd the rotation speed omega can be calculated according to the rotation speed of the wheel pair and the rotation speeds of the two rollers 321RrThe creep rate of the wheel driven to rotate is
The rotation speed omega of the roller 321 is fixedRrChanging the rotational speed ω of the other roller 321RlThe variable wheel set rotating speed omega can be obtainedwDifferent creep rates and corresponding adhesion coefficients can be obtained.
The structure of the roller 321 is shown in fig. 8, and the roller 321 includes an axle 3211, a wheel center 3212 fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the axle 3211, and a rim 3213 detachably connected to the outer periphery of the wheel center 3212. In this embodiment, the rim 3213 of the roller 321 is designed to be a detachable structure, so that the roller 321 is extremely convenient to maintain and replace, and the roller rail rolling wear test research is convenient to realize.
Further, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, a plurality of rims 3213 are provided, and different rims 3213 have different shapes of outer circumferential surfaces, which include a cylindrical surface (see fig. 8), a circular table surface (see fig. 9), and a concave-convex surface (see fig. 10). In this embodiment, through the rim 3213 of changing different outer peripheral faces, can satisfy different experimental demands, wherein, the rim 3213 that the outer peripheral face is the face of cylinder is used for simulating smooth track, and the outer peripheral face is the rim 3213 of mesa and is used for simulating the track that has the slope (for example curved track's turn), and the rim 3213 that the outer peripheral face is the concave-convex face can realize the simulation to the vertical not smooth excitation of track. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the detachable connection mode of the wheel rim 3213 and the wheel center 3212 is specifically a bolt connection, and those skilled in the art may also use other connection modes.
It will be appreciated that other ways of simulating a track with a slope may be used by those skilled in the art, and one possible way is shown in fig. 11, in which a wedge 10 is padded between the bottom of one lateral end of the guideway platform 31 and the wheelbase adjustment platform 2, as shown in fig. 11.
In order to achieve a simulation of the lateral irregularity of the track, as shown in fig. 5, in an exemplary embodiment the roll testing unit 3 further comprises a lateral actuator 33, the lateral actuator 33 acting in the lateral direction to apply a lateral excitation to the roller assembly 32, the lateral actuator 33 being mounted on the rail platform 31. Specifically, in the present embodiment, there are two lateral actuators 33, and the two lateral actuators 33 are respectively located at the two lateral ends of the rail platform 31 to respectively apply lateral excitation to the two sets of roller assemblies 32. It should be noted that the transverse actuator 33 may be removably mounted, and the location of the transverse actuator 33 may be used to mount the gauge adjusting assembly.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, in an exemplary embodiment, the loading unit 5 includes a mounting beam 51 and a vertical actuator 52, the mounting beam 51 is fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting frame 1 and extends in the longitudinal direction, the vertical actuator 52 is slidably connected to the mounting beam 51 to slide along the mounting beam 51, and the vertical actuator 52 acts in the vertical direction to apply a vertical static load to the test piece. In this embodiment, the loading position of the vertical actuator 52 is adjustable by sliding the vertical actuator 52 along the mounting beam 51. It should be noted that when testing a truck, the vertical actuator 52 is preferably biased to a position that is applied to the truck secondary spring. It should also be noted that the vertical actuators 52 are preferably two, and the two vertical actuators 52 are arranged in parallel in the transverse direction, so that the vertical static load exerted by the vertical actuators 52 is closer to the vertical static load exerted by the real vehicle body weight on the wheel sets or the bogie.
As shown in fig. 1, four vibration isolators 6 are provided at the bottom of the support frame 1. The support frame 1 is installed on the ground through four vibration isolators 6 to reduce the influence of the vibration generated during the test on the surroundings.
By way of illustration of various embodiments of the reduced scale rolling test stand of the present invention, it can be seen that at least one or more of the following advantages may be achieved in embodiments of the reduced scale rolling test stand of the present invention:
1. the scale proportion rolling test bed provided by the utility model is provided with two rolling test units 3, can be used for testing a single-shaft wheel pair or a single-shaft bogie, and can also be used for testing a two-shaft bogie, moreover, the two rolling test units 3 can be close to each other or be far away from each other along the longitudinal direction so as to be suitable for bogies with different wheelbases, and the two roller assemblies 32 in each rolling test unit 3 can be close to each other or be far away from each other along the transverse direction so as to be suitable for simulating different wheelbases, so that the application range is wide;
2. the scale proportion rolling test bed provided by the utility model has diversified functions, can simulate the running conditions of a linear track, can simulate the running conditions of a curved track, and can realize the excitation simulation of vertical and transverse irregularity of the track and the wheel track adhesion-creep test;
3. according to the reduced scale rolling test bed provided by the utility model, the roller 321 in each roller assembly 32 is independently driven by one driving motor 323, the rotation condition of the roller 321 can be independently controlled according to the requirement of a test project, and the wheel rail adhesion-creep test can be conveniently controlled;
4. in the reduced scale rolling test bed provided by the utility model, the roller 321 adopts the detachable wheel rim 3213, the maintenance and replacement of the roller 321 are extremely convenient, and the research on the rolling abrasion test of the wheel rail is convenient to realize.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the utility model or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. Scale proportion roll test platform which characterized in that includes:
a support frame;
the wheel base adjusting platform is arranged on the supporting frame;
the two rolling test units are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction and are respectively movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform and can be close to or far away from each other along the longitudinal direction; each of the rolling test units includes:
the guide rail platform is movably connected to the wheel base adjusting platform;
the roller assembly comprises a roller for simulating an infinite-length rail, and the rotation axis of the roller is arranged along the transverse direction; the rolling wheel assemblies are symmetrically arranged into two groups along the transverse direction, the two groups of rolling wheel assemblies are respectively movably connected to the guide rail platform and can be close to or far away from each other along the transverse direction, and the symmetrical surfaces of the rolling wheel assemblies of the two rolling test units are arranged in a coplanar manner;
the longitudinal positioning seat is used for fixing the longitudinal position of a piece to be tested, which is placed on the rolling test unit, and is arranged on the supporting frame;
and the loading unit is used for applying vertical static load to the piece to be tested, is arranged at the top of the supporting frame and is positioned above the rolling test unit.
2. The scaled-down rolling test stand according to claim 1, wherein the wheel base adjusting platform is provided with a linear sliding groove extending in the longitudinal direction, the rail platforms of the two rolling test units are detachably connected to the linear sliding groove through a first connecting piece, one end of the first connecting piece is slidably connected to the linear sliding groove and slidable along the linear sliding groove, and the other end of the first connecting piece is detachably connected to the rail platform.
3. The reduced-scale rolling test bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two rolling test units are respectively rotatable relative to the wheel base adjusting platform to simulate an attack angle between wheel tracks, the rotation axes of the rolling test units extend in a vertical direction, and the rotation axes of the rolling test units are located on the symmetry plane of the two groups of the rolling test units and intersect with the rotation axes of the rollers in the rolling test units.
4. The reduced scale rolling test bed according to claim 3, wherein a rotating shaft mounting hole is formed at the intersection of the rotating axis of the rolling test unit and the guide rail platform of the rolling test unit, and a rotating shaft is detachably and rotatably connected in the rotating shaft mounting hole; the wheel base adjusting platform is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and each positioning hole is used as the center of a circle to be provided with an arc-shaped sliding chute; two the pivot of roll test unit can be dismantled respectively and rotate and connect in different locating holes, the guide rail platform of roll test unit can be dismantled through the second connecting piece and connect in the arc spout that its pivot place locating hole corresponds, the one end sliding connection of second connecting piece in the arc spout is followed the arc spout slides, the other end of second connecting piece can be dismantled connect in the guide rail platform.
5. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 1, wherein the rail platform is provided with a rail extending in a transverse direction, and the two sets of roller assemblies are respectively connected to the rail in a sliding manner; the rolling test unit also comprises a track gauge adjusting assembly for driving the roller assemblies to slide along the guide rail so as to adjust the distance between the rollers of the two groups of roller assemblies.
6. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 1, wherein the loading unit includes a mounting beam fixedly mounted on a top of the support frame and extending in a longitudinal direction, and a vertical actuator slidably connected to the mounting beam for sliding along the mounting beam, the vertical actuator actuating in a vertical direction for applying a vertical static load to the test piece.
7. The scaled-down rolling test bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roller assembly further comprises a base movably connected to the rail platform, the base is provided with a driving motor for driving the roller to rotate and a roller mounting seat for mounting the roller, the axle of the roller is rotatably connected to the roller mounting seat, and one axial end of the axle of the roller is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor.
8. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 7, wherein the driving motor is located on the opposite side of the two sets of roller assemblies, and a shaft coupling is detachably connected between the wheel shafts of the rollers of the two sets of roller assemblies.
9. The scaled-down roll test stand of claim 7, wherein the roller assembly further comprises a torque sensor for measuring the output torque of the drive motor and an encoder for measuring the rotational speed of the roller, the torque sensor and the encoder being mounted between the drive motor and the roller and both being mounted on the base.
10. The scaled roll test stand of claim 7, wherein the roller comprises the hub, a hub fixedly attached to an outer periphery of the hub, and a rim removably attached to an outer periphery of the hub.
11. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 10, wherein the rim is plural, and different rims have different shapes of outer peripheral surfaces, the shapes of the outer peripheral surfaces including a cylindrical surface, a circular table surface, and a concave-convex surface.
12. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 1, wherein a wedge is padded between a bottom of the lateral end of the rail platform and the wheelbase adjustment platform.
13. The scaled-down roll test stand of claim 1, wherein the roll test unit further comprises a lateral actuator actuated in a lateral direction to apply a lateral excitation to the roller assembly, the lateral actuator being mounted on the rail platform.
14. The scaled-down rolling test stand of claim 13, wherein the number of the lateral actuators is two, and the two lateral actuators are respectively located at the lateral ends of the rail platform to respectively apply lateral excitation to the two sets of roller assemblies.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122216648.0U CN216621772U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Scale-down ratio rolling test-bed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122216648.0U CN216621772U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Scale-down ratio rolling test-bed |
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| CN216621772U true CN216621772U (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN202122216648.0U Active CN216621772U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Scale-down ratio rolling test-bed |
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- 2021-09-14 CN CN202122216648.0U patent/CN216621772U/en active Active
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