CN216597968U

CN216597968U - Miniaturized dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna

Info

Publication number: CN216597968U
Application number: CN202122998283.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万睿; 丁晟; 杨冰
Original assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Shikong Daoyu Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Shikong Daoyu Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2021-11-30
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized double-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna which comprises an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit comprises a first layer of dielectric plate, a second layer of dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate, a first microstrip patch is printed on the first layer of dielectric plate, a metalized through hole is formed in the first layer of dielectric plate, a second microstrip patch is printed on the second layer of dielectric plate, a gap is formed in the second microstrip patch, and the first layer of dielectric plate, the second layer of dielectric plate and the metal bottom plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. The utility model realizes the low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna which is compatible with the GPS/BDS, miniaturized and lightweight.

Description

Miniaturized dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of space detection instruments, in particular to a miniaturized dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna.

Background

The ionospheric electron density and the refractive index, temperature, density, water vapor content and the like of the low-earth atmosphere can be obtained by inversion under certain assumed conditions by utilizing the additional time delay and bending information. As an indispensable part of an on-board occultation detection system, the performance of the antenna directly affects the performance of the whole system. Since satellite platforms, especially microsatellites, are expected to be as small and light as possible, conventional GNSS antennas cannot meet the requirements of occultation detection systems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna, which realizes a GPS/BDS compatible, miniaturized, and lightweight low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna.

The utility model provides a miniaturized double-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna which comprises an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit comprises a first layer of dielectric plate, a second layer of dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate, a first microstrip patch is printed on the first layer of dielectric plate, a metalized through hole is formed in the first layer of dielectric plate, a second microstrip patch is printed on the second layer of dielectric plate, a gap is formed in the second microstrip patch, and the first layer of dielectric plate, the second layer of dielectric plate and the metal bottom plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.

Further, the first dielectric plate layer and the first microstrip patch layer are concentrically arranged, and the metalized via hole is located in the center of the first dielectric plate layer.

Further, the second dielectric plate and the second microstrip patch are concentrically arranged, the slot includes 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, and the central position of the slot is the same as that of the second microstrip patch.

Further, the first microstrip patch is a high-frequency microstrip patch, the working frequency of which includes 1575.42MHz and 1561.098MHz, and the second microstrip patch is a low-frequency microstrip patch, the working frequency of which includes 1227.6MHz and 1207.14 MHz.

Furthermore, the first layer of dielectric plate and the first microstrip patch are provided with first probe holes corresponding in position, the second layer of dielectric plate is provided with coupling holes corresponding in position, the coupling holes are located in two L-shaped gaps which are axisymmetric, the metal bottom plate is provided with third probe holes corresponding in position, and the first probe holes, the coupling holes and the third probe holes are all used for installing the same probe.

Further, the first microstrip patch is welded with the metal bottom plate through the probe, and the first microstrip patch is directly fed with power through the probe; the second microstrip patch is connected with the metal bottom plate in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch is in coupling feed.

Furthermore, two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch are respectively cut off a small triangle, and two right angles corresponding to the second microstrip patch are also respectively cut off a small triangle.

Further, the dielectric constant of the first layer of dielectric plate is 10, the dielectric constant of the second layer of dielectric plate is 6.15, and the metal bottom plate is made of aluminum alloy.

Further, the first layer of dielectric plate and the second layer of dielectric plate are fixed on the metal bottom plate through screws.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

according to the dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna, the size of the patch is reduced by the mode of forming the metalized through holes on the first layer of dielectric plate and the mode of forming the 4 centrosymmetric L-shaped gaps on the second micro-strip patch, so that the size of the antenna is reduced, the antenna is miniaturized and lightened, meanwhile, the dual-frequency stacked micro-strip patch is adopted, the frequency bands of L1 and L2 of a GPS and the frequency bands of B1 and B2 of a BDS system can be respectively covered, and the GPS/BDS compatible, miniaturized and lightened low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of a miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to the present invention.

Wherein: 10-a first layer of dielectric slab; 11-a first microstrip patch; 12-a metallized via; 13-a first probe well; 20-a second layer of dielectric plate; 21-a second microstrip patch; 22-a gap; 23-a coupling aperture; 30-metal bottom plate.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the utility model but are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated in the present description are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna, which includes an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit includes a first dielectric plate 10, a second dielectric plate 20 and a metal bottom plate 30, a first microstrip patch 11 is printed on the first dielectric plate 10, a metalized via 12 is disposed on the first dielectric plate 10, a second microstrip patch 21 is printed on the second dielectric plate 20, a slot 22 is disposed on the second microstrip patch 21, and the first dielectric plate 10, the second dielectric plate 20 and the metal bottom plate 30 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.

Specifically, the first layer of dielectric plate 10 and the first microstrip patch 11 are concentrically arranged, the first layer of dielectric plate 10 is approximately rectangular, each side of the first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a lug, the first microstrip patch 11 is also approximately rectangular, each side of the first microstrip patch is provided with a tuning branch, two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch 11 are respectively cut off to form a small triangle, so that circular polarization work of an antenna is realized, the metalized via hole 12 is located at the central position of the first layer of dielectric plate 10, the first microstrip patch 11 is a high-frequency microstrip patch, the working frequency of the first microstrip patch 11 comprises 1575.42MHz and 1561.098MHz, and the first microstrip patch is used for receiving GNSS signals of an L1/B1 frequency band. The second layer of dielectric plate 20 and the second microstrip patch 21 are concentrically arranged, the second layer of dielectric plate 20 is rectangular, the second microstrip patch 21 is approximately rectangular, each side of the second microstrip patch is provided with a tuning branch, correspondingly, two opposite right angles of the second microstrip patch 21 are respectively cut off a small triangle to realize circular polarization work of the antenna, each slot 22 comprises 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, the central position of each slot 22 is the same as that of the second microstrip patch 21, the second microstrip patch 21 is a low-frequency microstrip patch, the working frequency of the low-frequency microstrip patch comprises 1227.6MHz and 1207.14MHz, and the low-frequency microstrip patch is used for receiving GNSS signals in L2/2 frequency bands. It should be noted that the dielectric constants of the first dielectric slab 10 and the second dielectric slab 20 are not limited, and in this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric slab 10 is 10, and the dielectric constant of the second dielectric slab 20 is 6.15. The low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna provided by the utility model can respectively cover L1 and L2 frequency bands of a GPS (global positioning system) and B1 and B2 frequency bands of a BDS (Beidou satellite navigation system), namely two frequencies of 1575.42MHz and 1227.6MHz are suitable for the working frequency band of the GPS system, and two frequencies of 1561.098MHz and 1207.14MHz are suitable for the working frequency band of the BDS system by adopting a double-frequency stacked microstrip antenna form, so that the compatibility of the GPS/BDS is realized.

Because the feed points of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 need to be at the same position, and need to be matched to 50 ohm antenna impedance at the same time, there is a certain difficulty in implementation. Therefore, in the present invention, the 4 centrosymmetric L-shaped slots are formed in the second microstrip patch 21, so that the propagation path of the current on the patch is changed, the equivalent path of the current is lengthened, the size of the patch is reduced, and the miniaturization and light weight of the antenna are realized. In addition, since the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 use the same probe for feeding, it is necessary to reasonably select a feeding point so that the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 are matched at the same time. In the utility model, the first microstrip patch 11 has improved capacitance by forming a metallized via hole 12 at the center of the first dielectric plate 10, so that the matching point moves to the edge of the patch, which is beneficial to adjusting the matching of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 at the same feed point while realizing miniaturization of the second microstrip patch 21.

Furthermore, the first layer dielectric plate 10 and the first microstrip patch 11 are provided with a first probe hole 13 corresponding to the position, the second layer dielectric plate 20 is provided with a coupling hole 23 corresponding to the position, the coupling hole 23 is located in the slot 22, the metal bottom plate 30 is provided with a third probe hole (the third probe hole is not shown in fig. 1-2) corresponding to the position, and the first probe hole 13, the coupling hole 23 and the third probe hole are all used for installing the same probe. The position of the probe is determined according to the coupling impedance of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21. The coupling impedance is influenced by the thickness of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 20, the dielectric constant, the size of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21, and other parameters. The first microstrip patch 11 is welded with the metal bottom plate 30 through the probe, and the first microstrip patch 11 directly feeds power through the probe; the second microstrip patch 21 is connected with the metal base plate 30 in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch 21 feeds power in a coupling mode.

Specifically, the first dielectric slab 10 and the second dielectric slab 20 are fixed above the metal bottom plate 30 by screws.

From the above description, it can be known that the small-sized dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna provided by the utility model reduces the size of the patch and further reduces the size of the antenna by a way of forming the metalized via holes on the first layer of dielectric plate and a way of forming 4 centrosymmetric L-shaped slots on the second microstrip patch, so that the antenna is small and light, and meanwhile, the dual-frequency stacked microstrip patch is adopted to respectively cover the frequency bands of L1 and L2 of a GPS and the frequency bands of B1 and B2 of a BDS system, so that the low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna which is compatible with the GPS/BDS, small and light is realized.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a miniaturized dual-frenquency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna, its characterized in that, includes antenna element, antenna element includes first layer dielectric plate (10), second floor dielectric plate (20) and metal bottom plate (30), be printed on first layer dielectric plate (10) first microstrip paster (11), be equipped with metallized via hole (12) on first layer dielectric plate (10), be printed on second microstrip paster (21) on second floor dielectric plate (20), be equipped with gap (22) on second microstrip paster (21), first layer dielectric plate (10), second floor dielectric plate (20) and metal bottom plate (30) are from last to stacking up the setting down in proper order.

2. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first dielectric plate (10) and said first microstrip patch (11) are concentrically arranged, and said metallized via (12) is located at the center of said first dielectric plate (10).

3. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second dielectric plate (20) and the second microstrip patch (21) are concentrically arranged, the slot (22) comprises 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, and the central position of the slot (22) is the same as that of the second microstrip patch (21).

4. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that said first microstrip patch (11) is a high-frequency microstrip patch whose operating frequency includes 1575.42MHz, 1561.098MHz, and said second microstrip patch (21) is a low-frequency microstrip patch whose operating frequency includes 1227.6MHz, 1207.14 MHz.

5. The small-sized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first layer of dielectric plate (10) and the first microstrip patch (11) are provided with first probe holes (13) corresponding in position, the second layer of dielectric plate (20) is provided with coupling holes (23) corresponding in position, the coupling holes (23) are located in two L-shaped slots of the slot (22) in axial symmetry, the metal base plate (30) is provided with third probe holes corresponding in position, and the first probe hole (13), the coupling hole (23) and the third probe holes are all used for installing the same probe.

6. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that said first microstrip patch (11) is welded with said metal chassis (30) through said probe, said second microstrip patch (21) being directly fed through said probe; the second layer of dielectric plate (20) is connected with the metal bottom plate (30) in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch (21) feeds power for coupling.

7. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 4, wherein two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch (11) are cut off a small triangle respectively, and two corresponding right angles of the second microstrip patch (21) are also cut off a small triangle respectively.

8. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the first dielectric plate (10) is 10, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric plate (20) is 6.15, and the metal bottom plate (30) is made of aluminum alloy.

9. The miniaturized dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first dielectric plate (10) and said second dielectric plate (20) are fixed on said metal bottom plate (30) by screws.