CN114171908A - Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna - Google Patents
Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114171908A CN114171908A CN202111453189.6A CN202111453189A CN114171908A CN 114171908 A CN114171908 A CN 114171908A CN 202111453189 A CN202111453189 A CN 202111453189A CN 114171908 A CN114171908 A CN 114171908A
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- microstrip patch
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- occultation
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
Abstract
The invention discloses a bias beam occultation GNSS antenna, which comprises an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a fourth dielectric plate and a metal bottom plate, the first dielectric plate is printed with a first microstrip patch, the first dielectric plate is provided with a metalized hole, the second dielectric plate is printed with a second microstrip patch, the second microstrip patch is provided with a gap, the third dielectric plate is provided with a feed network, the fourth dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are laminated to form a strip line feed network, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the metal bottom plate, the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, and the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged in an array, and each column is rotationally arranged with a fixed angular difference. The invention realizes the deflection of antenna beams by a space phase shifting method of rotating array element angles. Low cost and good environmental adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of space detection instruments, in particular to a polarized beam occultation GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna.
Background
The ionospheric electron density and the refractive index, temperature, density, water vapor content and the like of the low-earth atmosphere can be obtained by inversion under certain assumed conditions by utilizing the additional time delay and bending information. As an indispensable part of an on-board occultation detection system, the performance of the antenna directly affects the performance of the whole system. Atmospheric occultation antennas, which are typically used for GNSS radio occultation detection, are mounted with an inclination of twenty-few degrees with respect to the satellite coordinate axis to form an earth-shaped beam, which is typically deflected by a T/R assembly (signal transceiver assembly) at the rear end of the antenna or by an on-board stand. The phase shifting method of the T/R component at the rear end of the antenna has poor environmental adaptability and high cost; the erection of the support on the satellite can increase the weight of the whole satellite and increase the envelope of the whole satellite.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a bias beam occultation GNSS antenna, which realizes antenna beam deflection by a spatial phase shift method of rotating an array element angle, and has low cost and good environmental adaptability.
The invention provides a bias beam occultation GNSS antenna, which comprises a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit comprises a first dielectric slab, a second dielectric slab, a metal bottom plate, a third dielectric slab and a fourth dielectric slab, a first microstrip patch is printed on the first dielectric plate, a metallized hole is arranged on the first dielectric plate, a second microstrip patch is printed on the second layer of dielectric plate, a gap is arranged on the second microstrip patch, the feed network is arranged on the third dielectric plate, the fourth dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are attached to jointly form a strip line feed network, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the metal bottom plate, the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in a stacked mode, the antenna units are arranged in an array mode, and each row of the antenna units are arranged with the adjacent antenna units in a rotating mode with a fixed angle difference.
Further, the first dielectric plate and the first microstrip patch are concentrically arranged, the metallization hole is located in the center of the first dielectric plate, the first microstrip patch is a high-frequency microstrip patch, and the working frequency of the first microstrip patch includes 1575.42MHz and 1561.098 MHz.
Further, the second dielectric plate and the second microstrip patch are concentrically arranged, the slot includes 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, the central position of the slot is the same as that of the second microstrip patch, the second microstrip patch is a low-frequency microstrip patch, and the working frequency of the second microstrip patch includes 1227.6MHz and 1207.14 MHz.
Furthermore, the first layer of dielectric plate and the first microstrip patch are provided with first probe holes corresponding in position, the second layer of dielectric plate is provided with coupling holes, the coupling holes are located in the gaps, the metal bottom plate is provided with third probe holes corresponding in position, and the first probe holes, the coupling holes and the third probe holes are all used for installing the same probe.
Further, the first microstrip patch is welded with the third layer of dielectric slab through the probe, and the first microstrip patch is directly fed through the probe; the second microstrip patch is connected with the third layer of dielectric slab in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch is fed in a coupling mode. .
Furthermore, two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch are respectively cut off a small triangle, and two right angles corresponding to the second microstrip patch are also respectively cut off a small triangle.
Further, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric plate layer is 10, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric plate layer is 6.15, the dielectric constants of the third dielectric plate layer and the fourth dielectric plate layer are both 3.5, and the metal base plate is made of aluminum alloy.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the third dielectric plate is provided with an SMA-K joint which is used as an output port of the whole antenna.
Further, the number of the antenna units is 16, and the antenna units are arranged in a 4 × 4 array.
Furthermore, the first layer of dielectric plate and the second layer of dielectric plate are fixed above the metal bottom plate through screws, and the third layer of dielectric plate and the fourth layer of dielectric plate are fixed below the metal bottom plate through screws.
Further, the antenna units are arranged in an array, and each column of the antenna units and the adjacent antenna units are rotationally arranged with an angle difference of 35 °.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the offset beam occultation GNSS antenna, the relative phase difference between adjacent array element units is enabled to be a fixed value by rotating the angle of the array elements, and spatial phase shifting is achieved, so that array beam offset is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a polarized beam occultation GNSS antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a polarized-beam occultation GNSS antenna of the present invention.
Wherein: 10-a first layer of dielectric slab; 11-a first microstrip patch; 12-metallized holes; 13-a first probe well; 20-a second layer of dielectric plate; 21-a second microstrip patch; 22-a gap; 23-a coupling hole; 30-a third dielectric slab; 40-a fourth layer of dielectric slab; 50-metal bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated in the present description are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a partial beam occultation GNSS antenna provided by the present invention comprises a plurality of antenna units, each antenna unit comprises a first dielectric plate 10, a second dielectric plate 20, a metal bottom plate 50, a third dielectric plate 30 and a fourth dielectric plate 40, the first dielectric plate 10 is printed with a first microstrip patch 11, the first dielectric plate 10 is provided with a metalized hole 12, the second dielectric plate 20 is printed with a second microstrip patch 21, the second microstrip patch 21 is provided with a slot 22, the third dielectric plate 30 is provided with a feeding network, the fourth dielectric plate 40 and the third dielectric plate 30 are bonded together to form a strip line feeding network, the first dielectric plate 10, the second dielectric plate 20, the metal bottom plate 50, the third dielectric plate 30 and the fourth dielectric plate 40 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the antenna units are arranged in an array, and each row of antenna units and adjacent antenna units are rotationally arranged with a fixed angle difference.
Specifically, the first dielectric plate 10 and the first microstrip patch 11 are concentrically arranged, the first dielectric plate 10 is shaped like a rectangle, each side of the first dielectric plate is provided with a lug, the first microstrip patch 11 is also shaped like a rectangle, each side of the first microstrip patch is provided with a tuning branch, two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch 11 are respectively cut off a small triangle to realize circular polarization operation of the antenna, the metalized via hole 12 is located at the center of the first dielectric plate 10, the first microstrip patch 11 is a high-frequency microstrip patch, the operating frequency of the first microstrip patch comprises 1575.42MHz and 1561.098MHz, and the first microstrip patch is used for receiving GNSS signals of an L1/B1 frequency band. The second layer of dielectric plate 20 and the second microstrip patch 21 are concentrically arranged, the second layer of dielectric plate 20 is rectangular, the second microstrip patch 21 is approximately rectangular, each side of the second microstrip patch is provided with a tuning branch, correspondingly, two opposite right angles of the second microstrip patch 21 are respectively cut off a small triangle to realize the circularly polarized work of the antenna, the slot 22 is 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, the central position of the slot 22 is the same as that of the second microstrip patch 21, the second microstrip patch 21 is a low-frequency microstrip patch, the working frequency of the low-frequency microstrip patch comprises 1227.6MHz and 1207.14MHz, and the low-frequency microstrip patch is used for receiving GNSS signals in L2/2 frequency bands. It should be noted that the dielectric constants of the first dielectric slab 10 and the second dielectric slab 20 are not limited, and in this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric slab 10 is 10, and the dielectric constant of the second dielectric slab 20 is 6.15. The low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna provided by the invention can respectively cover L1 and L2 frequency bands of a GPS (global positioning system) and B1 and B2 frequency bands of a BDS (Beidou satellite navigation system), namely two frequencies of 1575.42MHz and 1227.6MHz are suitable for the working frequency band of the GPS system, and two frequencies of 1561.098MHz and 1207.14MHz are suitable for the working frequency band of the BDS system by adopting a double-frequency stacked microstrip antenna form, so that the compatibility of the GPS/BDS is realized.
Because the feeding points of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 need to be at the same position and need to be matched with the 50 ohm antenna resistance at the same time, the implementation has certain difficulty. Therefore, in the present invention, the 4 centrosymmetric L-shaped slots are formed in the second microstrip patch 21, so that the propagation path of the current on the patch is changed, the equivalent path of the current is lengthened, the size of the patch is reduced, and the miniaturization and light weight of the antenna are realized. In addition, since the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 use the same probe for feeding, it is necessary to reasonably select a feeding point so that the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 are matched at the same time. In the invention, the first microstrip patch 11 has improved capacitance by forming a metallized via hole 12 at the center of the first dielectric plate 10, so that the matching point moves to the edge of the patch, which is beneficial to adjusting the matching of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21 at the same feed point while realizing miniaturization of the second microstrip patch 21.
Furthermore, the first layer dielectric plate 10 and the first microstrip patch 11 are provided with corresponding first probe holes 13, the second layer dielectric plate 20 is provided with coupling holes 23, the coupling holes 23 are located in two L-shaped slots of the slot 22, which are axisymmetric, the metal base plate 50 is provided with third probe holes 53 corresponding in position, and the first probe holes 13, the coupling holes 23 and the third probe holes 53 are all used for installing the same probe. The position of the probe is determined according to the coupling impedance of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21. The coupling impedance is influenced by the thickness of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 20, the dielectric constant, the size of the first microstrip patch 11 and the second microstrip patch 21, and other parameters.
Furthermore, a feed network is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 30, the fourth dielectric plate 40 and the third dielectric plate 30 are attached together to form a strip line feed network, the output end of the feed network is connected with an SMA-K connector, and the SMA-K connector is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 30 and serves as an output port of the whole antenna. The first microstrip patch 11 is welded with the third layer of dielectric plate 30 through a probe, and the first microstrip patch 11 feeds power directly through the probe; the second microstrip patch 21 is connected with the third dielectric slab 30 in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch 21 feeds power in a coupling mode. It should be noted that the dielectric constants of the third dielectric plate 30 and the fourth dielectric plate 40 are not limited, and in this embodiment, the dielectric constants of the third dielectric plate 30 and the fourth dielectric plate 40 are both 3.5.
Specifically, the first dielectric slab layer 10 and the second dielectric slab layer 20 are fixed above the metal base plate 50 by screws, and the third dielectric slab layer 30 and the fourth dielectric slab layer 40 are fixed below the metal base plate 50 by screws.
Furthermore, the antenna units are arranged in an array, all the antenna units feed in a constant amplitude mode, array elements are arranged in a rotating mode with a fixed angle difference between each row and each column, phase differences in space are formed between adjacent array element units, the relative phase differences are even different by a fixed value, space phase shifting is achieved, and array beam offset is formed. It should be noted that this fixed value is not limited, and can be adjusted according to the actual need of beam deflection. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of antenna elements is 16, and the antenna elements are arranged in a 4 × 4 array, the angle difference between the 1 st column antenna element and the 2 nd column antenna element is 35 °, the angle difference between the 2 nd column antenna element and the 3 rd column antenna element is 35 °, and the angle difference between the 3 rd column antenna element and the 4 th column antenna element is 35 °.
Through the above description, it can be known that the offset beam occultation GNSS antenna provided by the invention enables the relative phase difference between adjacent array element units to be uniformly different by a fixed value by rotating the angle of the array element, so as to realize spatial phase shift, thereby forming array beam offset.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a bias-beam occultation GNSS antenna, its characterized in that includes a plurality of antenna element, every antenna element includes first layer dielectric plate (10), second layer dielectric plate (20), third layer dielectric plate (30), fourth layer dielectric plate (40) and metal bottom plate (50), be printed on first layer dielectric plate (10) first microstrip paster (11), be equipped with metallization hole (12) on first layer dielectric plate (10), be printed on second layer dielectric plate (20) second microstrip paster (21), be equipped with gap (22) on second microstrip paster (21), be equipped with the feed network on third layer dielectric plate (30), fourth layer dielectric plate (40) with third layer dielectric plate (30) laminating constitutes stripline feed network jointly, first layer dielectric plate (10), second layer dielectric plate (20), The metal bottom plate (50), the third layer of dielectric plate (30) and the fourth layer of dielectric plate (40) are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, a plurality of antenna units are arranged in an array mode, and each row of antenna units and adjacent antenna units are rotationally arranged with a fixed angle difference.
2. The dual-frequency low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate (10) and the first microstrip patch (11) are concentrically arranged, the metallized hole (12) is located at a central position of the first dielectric plate (10), and the first microstrip patch (11) is a high-frequency microstrip patch, and an operating frequency thereof includes 1575.42MHz and 1561.098 MHz.
3. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second dielectric plate (20) and the second microstrip patch (21) are concentrically arranged, the slot (22) comprises 4L-shaped slots with central symmetry, the central position of the slot (22) is the same as that of the second microstrip patch (21), and the second microstrip patch (21) is a low-frequency microstrip patch, and the operating frequency thereof comprises 1227.6MHz and 1207.14 MHz.
4. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate (10) and the first microstrip patch (11) are provided with first probe holes (13) corresponding in position, the second dielectric plate (20) is provided with coupling holes (23), the coupling holes (23) are located in the slots (22), the metal base plate (50) is provided with third probe holes corresponding in position, and the first probe holes (13), the coupling holes (23) and the third probe holes are all used for installing the same probe.
5. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 4, wherein said first microstrip patch (11) is welded with said third dielectric plate (30) through said probe, said first microstrip patch (11) being directly fed through said probe; the second microstrip patch (21) is connected with the third-layer dielectric plate (30) in a coupling mode, and the second microstrip patch (21) feeds power in a coupling mode.
6. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna of claim 3, wherein two opposite right angles of the first microstrip patch (11) are cut out a small triangle respectively, and two corresponding right angles of the second microstrip patch (21) are also cut out a small triangle respectively.
7. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 3, wherein the dielectric constant of the first dielectric plate (10) is 10, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric plate (20) is 6.15, the dielectric constants of the third dielectric plate (30) and the fourth dielectric plate (40) are both 3.5, and the metal base plate (50) is made of aluminum alloy.
8. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the third dielectric plate (30) is provided with an SMA-K connector as an output port of the whole antenna.
9. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna units are 16 and arranged in a 4 x 4 array.
10. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are fixed above the metal base plate (50) by screws, and the third dielectric plate (30) and the fourth dielectric plate (40) are fixed below the metal base plate (50) by screws.
11. The dual-band low-orbit occultation GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the antenna units are arranged in an array, and each column of the antenna units is rotated from the adjacent antenna units by an angle difference of 35 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111453189.6A CN114171908A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111453189.6A CN114171908A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114171908A true CN114171908A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111453189.6A Pending CN114171908A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20050023176A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-09 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Transmitting/Receiving and Array Antenna Arraying it |
| CN108336491A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽大学 | Dual-band and dual-polarization laminated patch antenna and its design method based on microstrip balun feed |
| CN109462024A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-12 | 大连海事大学 | It is a kind of width axis than wave beam double frequency Beidou navigation antenna |
| US20190173165A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-06-06 | Harxon Corporation | Multifunctional gnss antenna |
| CN216597969U (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江时空道宇科技有限公司 | Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202111453189.6A patent/CN114171908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20050023176A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-09 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Transmitting/Receiving and Array Antenna Arraying it |
| US20190173165A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-06-06 | Harxon Corporation | Multifunctional gnss antenna |
| CN108336491A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽大学 | Dual-band and dual-polarization laminated patch antenna and its design method based on microstrip balun feed |
| CN109462024A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-12 | 大连海事大学 | It is a kind of width axis than wave beam double frequency Beidou navigation antenna |
| CN216597969U (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江时空道宇科技有限公司 | Bias beam occultation GNSS antenna |
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