CN216592315U - Heat pump set with large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio switching - Google Patents
Heat pump set with large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio switching Download PDFInfo
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- CN216592315U CN216592315U CN202122493596.1U CN202122493596U CN216592315U CN 216592315 U CN216592315 U CN 216592315U CN 202122493596 U CN202122493596 U CN 202122493596U CN 216592315 U CN216592315 U CN 216592315U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat pump unit with a large-pressure ratio and a small-pressure ratio, which comprises two compressors, wherein the two compressors are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop; at least three electromagnetic valves are connected to pipelines of the first compressor and the second compressor; the first electromagnetic valve is connected between the output ends of the first compressor and the second compressor, the second electromagnetic valve is connected between the output end of the first compressor and the input end of the second compressor, and the third electromagnetic valve is connected between the input ends of the first compressor and the second compressor. The heat pump unit with the large and small pressure ratio switching is reformed through different process principles, the pressure ratio change range of the heat pump unit is effectively enlarged, the problem of energy efficiency improvement of refrigeration and heating is solved, and the heat pump unit is used for refrigerating in summer and heating in winter.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat pumps, and particularly relates to a heat pump unit with a large-pressure ratio and a small-pressure ratio switching function.
Background
The heat pump is an important device for clean heating and refrigeration in China, is the most efficient device for converting electricity into heat (cold), and has a huge market prospect under the large background of carbon peak reaching, carbon neutralization and building electrification.
In the traditional heat pump technology, when the heat pump works in winter, because the outdoor environment temperature is very low (about-25 ℃), in order to meet the heating effect and the normal operation of a unit, quasi-two-stage compression or two-stage compression is often needed, and the heat pump works in a high-pressure ratio (the pressure ratio is about 10.0) meeting the heating requirement; in summer, the pressure ratio is small (usually about 4.0) because the outdoor environment temperature is about 35 ℃. In the traditional technology, the pressure ratio of a refrigerating system is adjusted through technologies such as changing the volume of a single compressor, so that the requirements of different working conditions of a heat pump unit are met, the dynamic load fluctuation of a building is met, and the high seasonal energy efficiency ratio of equipment is realized. However, the energy efficiency of both cooling and heating is often required, so that the pressure ratio adjustment range is limited, and the energy efficiency of the equipment is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump unit with switchable pressure ratios.
In order to realize the task, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:
a heat pump unit with switching of large and small pressure ratios comprises two compressors which are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop; the system is characterized in that at least three electromagnetic valves are connected to pipelines of the first compressor and the second compressor; the first electromagnetic valve is connected between the output ends of the first compressor and the second compressor, the second electromagnetic valve is connected between the output end of the first compressor and the input end of the second compressor, and the third electromagnetic valve is connected between the input ends of the first compressor and the second compressor.
A heat pump unit capable of realizing switching of large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio comprises two compressors, wherein the two compressors are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop; the compressor is characterized in that two three-way valves are connected to pipelines of the two compressors, wherein one interface of the first three-way valve is connected to the output end of the first compressor, one interface of the second three-way valve is connected to the input end of the second compressor, and one interface of the first three-way valve is connected with one interface of the second three-way valve through the pipeline.
Other characteristics of the utility model are:
the flash evaporation system also comprises a fourth electromagnetic valve, a four-way valve, a pair of heat exchangers, a pair of electronic expansion valves, a flash evaporation separator, a one-way valve and a three-way valve which are arranged on the pipeline; wherein:
one interface of the four-way valve is connected with the input ends of the first compressor and the second compressor, one interface of the four-way valve is connected with the output ends of the first compressor and the second compressor, one interface of the four-way valve is connected with the first electronic expansion valve through the first heat exchanger, the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the flash vapor separator through the fourth electromagnetic valve, one end of the flash vapor separator is communicated with the second heat exchanger through the second electronic expansion valve, the second heat exchanger and the three-way valve, and the second heat exchanger is connected with one interface of the four-way valve; one interface of the three-way valve is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve through a one-way valve; the other end of the flash vapor separator is connected to the input end of the second compressor through a second electromagnetic valve.
The heat pump unit with the switching of the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio is reformed through different process principles, the pressure ratio change range of the heat pump unit is effectively expanded, the problem of energy efficiency improvement of both refrigeration and heating is solved, and the heat pump unit is used for refrigerating in summer and heating in winter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of parallel operation of heat pump units with switching of the large and small pressure ratios according to example 1 (small pressure ratio);
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the series operation of the heat pump units with the switching of the large and small pressure ratios in example 2 (large pressure ratio);
FIG. 3 is a first alternate operation schematic diagram of the heat pump unit with the switching of the pressure ratio of the heat pump units according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a second alternate operation schematic diagram of the heat pump unit with the switching of the pressure ratio in the embodiment 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the parallel operation of the heat pump units with the switching of the pressure ratios in embodiment 4 (switching of the double three-way valves);
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the series operation of the heat pump units with the switching of the pressure ratios in embodiment 4 (switching of the double three-way valves);
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump unit of embodiment 5 with the switching of the pressure ratio in winter under the low-temperature heating condition;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the parallel operation of the heat pump units of embodiment 5 with the switching of the pressure ratio in winter under the low-temperature heating condition;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of alternate operation of the heat pump units of embodiment 6 under the low-temperature heating condition in winter with the switched pressure ratios;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the parallel operation of the heat pump units of embodiment 6 with the switching of the pressure ratio in summer;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the tandem operation of the heat pump units of embodiment 6 with the switching of the pressure ratio in the summer and the big;
the symbols in the figures represent: 1. the flash evaporation system comprises a first compressor, a second compressor, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a fourth electronic expansion valve, a fourth electronic.
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples, as well as the principles of operation.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a heat pump unit with switching between a first pressure ratio and a second pressure ratio, which includes a first compressor 1, a second compressor 2, a first electromagnetic valve 3a, a second electromagnetic valve 3b, and a third electromagnetic valve 3 c; the first solenoid valve 3a is connected between the output terminals of the first and second compressors 1 and 2, the second solenoid valve 3b is connected between the output terminals of the first and second compressors 1 and 2, and the third solenoid valve 3c is connected between the input terminals of the first and second compressors 1 and 2.
When the thermodynamic cycle pressure ratio is smaller than the requirement, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 run in parallel, the first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are opened, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is closed, and the refrigerant flows to the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 respectively to perform thermodynamic cycle.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 2, the heat pump set structure and connection relationship of the present embodiment with switching between the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio are the same as those of embodiment 1, and different from embodiment 1, when the thermodynamic cycle pressure ratio is large, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are connected in series to operate through different process principle changes, the first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are closed, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is opened, and the refrigerant flows to the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 in sequence to perform thermodynamic cycle.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 3 and 4, the heat pump set with the switched high and low pressure ratios of the present embodiment has the same structure and connection relationship as those of embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1,
when the first compressor 1 is operated (fig. 3), the first solenoid valve 3a is opened, the second solenoid valve 3b and the third solenoid valve 3c are closed, and the refrigerant flows to the first compressor 1 and then is thermally circulated.
When the second compressor 2 is operated (fig. 4), the first solenoid valve 3a, the second solenoid valve 3b are closed, the third solenoid valve 3c is opened, and the refrigerant flows to the second compressor and then 2 to perform a thermodynamic cycle.
When the positions of the three solenoid valves (3a, 3b, 3c) are properly adjusted, the operating principle remains similar.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the heat pump set with switching between the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio is provided in this embodiment, and includes a first compressor 1, a second compressor 2, a first three-way valve 9a, and a second three-way valve 9 b; one interface of the first three-way valve 9a is connected with the output end of the first compressor 1, one interface of the second three-way valve 9b is connected with the input end of the second compressor 2, and one interface of the first three-way valve 9a is communicated with one interface of the second three-way valve 9b through a pipeline.
When the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are operated in parallel (fig. 5), the first compressor 1 is operated, the first three-way valve 9a is opened, the second compressor 2 is operated, the second three-way valve 9b is opened, the first three-way valve 9a and the second three-way valve 9b are not communicated, and refrigerant flows respectively to the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 and then are connected in parallel to perform thermodynamic cycle.
When the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are operated in series (fig. 6), the first compressor 1 is operated, the first three-way valve 9a is opened, the first three-way valve 9a and the second three-way valve 9b are communicated with each other, and the refrigerant flows to the second compressor 2 through the first three-way valve 9a and the second three-way valve 9b and then is subjected to thermodynamic cycle. The heat pump thermal cycle unit can be used for various heat pump thermal cycle units such as a ground source heat pump unit, a heat source tower heat pump unit, an air source heat pump unit and the like.
Example 5:
referring to fig. 7 and 8, the heat pump unit with switching between the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio includes two compressors connected to form a circulation loop; the pipelines of the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are connected with 4 electromagnetic valves (3a, 3b, 3c, 3 d); the system comprises a four-way valve 4, a pair of heat exchangers (5a, 5b), a pair of electronic expansion valves (6a, 6b), a flash vapor separator 7, a one-way valve 8 and a three-way valve 9; wherein:
one interface of the four-way valve 4 is connected with the input ends of the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2, one interface of the four-way valve 4 is connected with the output ends of the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2, one interface of the four-way valve 4 is connected with a first electronic expansion valve 6a through a first heat exchanger 5a, the first electronic expansion valve 6a is connected with a flash vapor separator 7 through a fourth electromagnetic valve 3d, one end of the flash vapor separator 7 is communicated with a second heat exchanger 5b through a second electronic expansion valve 6b, a second heat exchanger 5b and a three-way valve 9, and the second heat exchanger 5b is connected with one interface of the four-way valve 4; one port of the three-way valve 9 is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve 6a through the one-way valve 8; the other end of the flash vapor separator 7 is connected to the input end of the second compressor 2 through a second solenoid valve 3 b.
The operation principle diagram of the normal heating working condition in winter is shown in figure 7. When heat is supplied under an outdoor extremely low temperature working condition (such as Tibet, Beijing and the like, the coldest moment in winter reaches minus ten degrees or even lower), at the moment, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are connected in series to operate to meet the requirement of a large pressure ratio, the first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve are closed 3c, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is opened, the refrigerant flows to the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 in sequence and then is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, the refrigerant is changed by the four-way valve 4 and then enters the first heat exchanger 5a to exchange heat with indoor air or water, at the moment, the first heat exchanger 5a is a condenser, the refrigerant which releases heat and releases heat to the indoor space is throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 6a and then flows through the opened 4 th electromagnetic valve 3d and enters the flash vapor separator 7. The refrigerant in the flash vapor separator 7 is divided into two parts, one part of the refrigerant is gaseous refrigerant and enters the second compressor 2 for compression, the other part of the refrigerant is saturated liquid and enters the 2 nd electronic expansion valve 6b for throttling and pressure reduction, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 5b for absorbing heat from outdoor air and then enters the first compressor 1, and the circulation is continued;
when the outdoor temperature is extremely low in winter, heat is supplied, the suction pressure of the compressor is correspondingly reduced along with the reduction of the evaporation pressure of the evaporation temperature, the pressure ratio and the suction specific volume are increased, the volumetric efficiency of a compression mechanism is reduced due to the fact that the pressure ratio of the compressor is increased, the heating capacity of a heat pump is reduced, the exhaust temperature of the compressor is increased, the lubricating oil is invalid, the power consumption of the compressor is increased, and the like. The first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are in series operation and are compressed in a grading mode, so that the pressure ratio and the exhaust temperature of each compressor are not over-limit, and a good operation effect is achieved.
When the outdoor temperature is gradually increased in winter (for example, in the last stage of heating, the outdoor temperature is gradually increased to over 0 ℃, and the pressure ratio requirement of a unit is reduced), or the outdoor temperature is not too low although the heating requirement is met in winter, and the requirement can be met by operating at a low pressure ratio.
The operating principle is shown in fig. 8. The first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are opened, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is closed, and after the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 is converged, the refrigerant is reversed by the four-way valve 4 and flows to the first heat exchanger 5a to release heat indoors. At this time, the fourth solenoid valve 3d is closed, the fifth solenoid valve 3e is opened, the refrigerant after heat release is throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 6a, flows through the opened fifth solenoid valve 3e to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, enters the second heat exchanger 5b to absorb heat from outdoor air, and then enters the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2, and the process is circulated continuously;
when the outdoor temperature gradually rises in winter (for example, the outdoor temperature gradually rises to more than 0 ℃ at the end of heating) or when the outdoor temperature is not too low although there is a heating demand in winter, the unit pressure ratio demand becomes smaller, and the compressor pressure ratio demand also becomes smaller. The first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 run in parallel, so that the pressure ratio of the compressors can run under a reasonable working condition, and the heating load is increased to obtain a better running effect.
The operation principle is as shown in fig. 9, when the compressor operates alternately, a single compressor works, the compressor can carry out load adjustment independently, when the 1 st compressor operates, the 1 st electromagnetic valve is opened, the 2 nd electromagnetic valve and the 3 rd electromagnetic valve are closed, the refrigerant flows to the 1 st compressor, then becomes high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, is reversed by the four-way valve, flows to the 1 st heat exchanger, and releases heat indoors. At the moment, the 4 th electromagnetic valve 3d is closed, the 5 th electromagnetic valve 3e is opened, the heat-released refrigerant is throttled by the 6a first electronic expansion valve 6a, flows through the opened fifth electromagnetic valve 3e to become low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, enters the second heat exchanger 5b to absorb heat from outdoor air, enters the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2, and is circulated in the way;
the single compressor operation can two compressors take turns to have a rest on the one hand, prolongs unit life, and on the other hand can adapt to bigger load control range, obtains better operation effect.
Example 6:
the heat pump unit with the switching of the large and small pressure ratios in this embodiment has the same structure and connection relationship as those in embodiment 5.
When outdoor temperature is hot in summer and the refrigerating capacity demand is large, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are operated in parallel, and the requirement of a small pressure ratio is met.
The operation principle is as shown in fig. 10, at this time, the first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are opened, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is closed, the first compressor 1 and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the second compressor 2 are merged, and then are reversed by the four-way valve 4, flow to the second heat exchanger 5b to release heat and cool outdoors, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced after heat release and condensation, the three-way valve 9 is switched, the refrigerant further flows into the first electronic expansion valve section 6a for throttling, then is changed into the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, enters the first heat exchanger 5a to absorb heat from indoor air, and then respectively enters the 1 st compressor and the 2 nd compressor, and the cycle is continued;
in hot summer, the refrigerating capacity demand is large, but the demand on the evaporation temperature is not too low at the moment, the pressure ratio of the compressor is not high in winter, the flow of the refrigerant is increased by the parallel operation of the 1 st compressor and the 2 nd compressor, on one hand, the refrigerating capacity is improved, on the other hand, the compressors are respectively operated under the proper pressure ratio, and the economical efficiency can be obviously improved.
The operation principle is as shown in fig. 11, at this time, the first electromagnetic valve 3a and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are opened, the second electromagnetic valve 3b is closed, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 is merged and then is reversed by the four-way valve 4, flows to the second heat exchanger 5b to release heat and cool outdoors, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced after heat release and condensation, the three-way valve 9 is switched, the refrigerant further flows into the first electronic expansion valve 6a for throttling and then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 6a to absorb heat from indoor air and then enters the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 respectively, so that the circulation is continued;
when outdoor temperature is relatively hot in summer and the refrigerating capacity requirement is general, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are operated separately, and the requirement of small pressure ratio is met.
When the first compressor 1 operates, the first electromagnetic valve 3a is opened, the second electromagnetic valve 3b and the third electromagnetic valve 3c are closed, direction change control is performed through the four-way valve 4, low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant steam generated by the first heat exchanger 5b flows to the first compressor 1, after the refrigerant is subjected to adiabatic compression, the refrigerant is heated in temperature and pressure, the refrigerant flows to the second heat exchanger 6a to release heat and cool outdoors, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced after the refrigerant is subjected to heat release and condensation, the three-way valve 9 is switched, the refrigerant enters the first electronic expansion valve 6a after passing through the one-way valve 8 to be throttled and reduced in pressure, and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 5a to absorb heat from indoors and then enters the first compressor 1 to circulate continuously; the principle is similar when the second compression 2 operates.
When the refrigeration capacity requirement is normal, but the requirement for the evaporation temperature is not too low at this time, the pressure ratio requirement for the compressor is not as high as in winter, and by operating only the first compressor 1, the compressor can be operated at a suitable pressure ratio, and the economy can be significantly improved. The second compressor 2 can be switched to operate independently, and the service life of the unit can be greatly prolonged by alternate operation;
according to the heat pump unit with the switching of the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio, the number of the compressors can be switched in winter and summer under the working conditions with different refrigerating capacity requirements by changing the control thought, so that the pressure ratio of the compressors is kept under the reasonable working condition all the time, the operation efficiency of the heat pump unit is improved, and the power consumption of the compressors is reduced.
Claims (3)
1. A heat pump unit with switching of large and small pressure ratios comprises two compressors, wherein the two compressors are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop; the method is characterized in that at least three electromagnetic valves (3a, 3b, 3c) are connected to pipelines of the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (2); the first electromagnetic valve (3a) is connected between the output ends of the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (2), the second electromagnetic valve (3b) is connected between the output end of the first compressor (1) and the input end of the second compressor (2), and the third electromagnetic valve (3c) is connected between the input ends of the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (2).
2. The heat pump unit with the switching of the large pressure ratio and the small pressure ratio as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fourth electromagnetic valve (3d), a four-way valve (4), a pair of heat exchangers (5a, 5b), a pair of electronic expansion valves (6a, 6b), a flash vapor separator (7), a one-way valve (8) and a three-way valve (9) which are additionally arranged on a pipeline; wherein:
one interface of the four-way valve (4) is connected with the input ends of the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (2), one interface of the four-way valve (4) is connected with the output ends of the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (2), one interface of the four-way valve (4) is connected with the first electronic expansion valve (6a) through the first heat exchanger (5a), the first electronic expansion valve (6a) is connected with the flash steam separator (7) through the fourth electromagnetic valve (3d), one end of the flash steam separator (7) is communicated with the second heat exchanger (5b) through the second electronic expansion valve (6b), the second heat exchanger (5b) and the three-way valve (9), and the second heat exchanger (5b) is connected with one interface of the four-way valve (4); one interface of the three-way valve (9) is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve (6a) through a one-way valve (8); the other end of the flash vapor separator (7) is connected to the input end of the second compressor (2) through a second electromagnetic valve (3 b).
3. A heat pump unit with switching of large and small pressure ratios comprises two compressors, wherein the two compressors are connected through a pipeline to form a circulation loop; the compressor is characterized in that two three-way valves (9a, 9b) are connected to pipelines of the two compressors, wherein one interface of the first three-way valve (9a) is connected to the output end of the first compressor (1), one interface of the second three-way valve (9b) is connected to the input end of the second compressor (2), and one interface of the first three-way valve (9a) is communicated with one interface of the second three-way valve (9b) through a pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122493596.1U CN216592315U (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Heat pump set with large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio switching |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122493596.1U CN216592315U (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Heat pump set with large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio switching |
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| CN216592315U true CN216592315U (en) | 2022-05-24 |
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| CN202122493596.1U Active CN216592315U (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Heat pump set with large-pressure ratio and small-pressure ratio switching |
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