CN216550297U - Coking coal step preheating equipment - Google Patents
Coking coal step preheating equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN216550297U CN216550297U CN202122372139.7U CN202122372139U CN216550297U CN 216550297 U CN216550297 U CN 216550297U CN 202122372139 U CN202122372139 U CN 202122372139U CN 216550297 U CN216550297 U CN 216550297U
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Abstract
The utility model provides coking coal step preheating equipment, wherein the bottom of a coal trough of the coking coal step preheating equipment is connected with the lower part of an airflow vertical pipe through a feeding screw, the lower part of a spouted bed is connected with a gravity moving bed dryer, and the gravity cross flow dryer, a plate type indirect dryer, a horn-shaped pipe counter flow dryer, a coal preheating plate type heater and a coal bunker are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The utility model decomposes the coking coal preheating process into three step preheating processes of humidifying, drying and preheating according to the characteristic that the physical properties of coal materials at each stage are different in the coking coal preheating process. By adopting the coking coal step preheating process, the coking coal with the water content of 10-12% can be subjected to moisture regulation, drying and preheating in stages under the condition of air isolation, and finally the coking coal is preheated to 180-200 ℃ and loaded into a preheating coal bunker; the coal charging car charges the preheated coal in the preheated coal bin into a coke oven carbonization chamber for coking.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coking technology, in particular to a coking coal step preheating device.
Background
The coking coal preheating technology is a technology for preheating coking coal to 150-250 ℃ before the coking coal is put into a coke oven for coking. In the last 60 th century, in order to reduce the usage amount of main coking coal in coking coal and reduce the heat consumption of coking, the coking coal preheating process technology research is carried out in the countries of UK, Germany, USA and the like. Various preheating coal coking processes are developed, mainly including Simcar (Simcar) method, Precarbon (Precarbon) method, Coutak (Caoltek) method, and Chinese metallurgy encyclopedia (coking chemical book: Yangshuang, Wanglifu, Zhangjiadai) for correspondingly introducing the above processes. In the coal preheating process technology, high-temperature flue gas is generally adopted as a heat carrier, and the coal material is dried and preheated in a fluidized rapid preheater. Some coking plants apply the coal preheating technology to successfully build a plurality of preheating coal coking coke ovens. The coke-oven plants verify the feasibility and better economic benefit of the related technology in the production practice of the pre-heating coal coking coke oven; compared with the production data of the conventional coking process, the production data of the pre-heating coal coking process has obvious effects on the following aspects of (1) improving the coke quality or increasing the gas coal consumption, (2) improving the production capacity of a coke oven and reducing the heat consumption of coking, and (3) only generating a small amount of coal water and reducing the discharged wastewater of coking production. The coking plant also reveals the problems of high energy consumption, difficult separation of smoke dust, large equipment, poor operation stability and the like in the coal fluidized preheating process technology in the coal preheating coking production; when the hot flue gas is used as a heat carrier to carry out fluidized preheating on the coal material, the oxygen content in the hot flue gas needs to be strictly controlled, so that coal dust explosion in the flue gas is prevented, and the problems of complex production operation control and poor safety are caused. Due to the above problems, the operation of each preheated coal coke oven is forced to stop after a certain period of time. Wherein, the stable operation of the coal preheating process system, the gas-solid separation and the safety in the process are technical bottlenecks which restrict the wide popularization of the preheating coal coking technology in the coking industry.
At present, all enterprises in the coking industry face the requirements that the supply of coking main coking coal is increasingly tense, the environmental protection standard is continuously improved, and the carbon emission in the coking process is forcibly reduced, and the problems and the requirements seriously influence the sustainable development and the economic benefit of the coking enterprises. The development of a novel preheating coal coking process technology is an effective way and method for solving the problems. The core problems to be solved by the novel preheating coal coking process technology are high-efficiency coal preheating process technology, safe and high-efficiency gas-solid separation dust removal technology, preheating coal material safe conveying technology and equipment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide coking coal step preheating equipment aiming at various problems in the prior art of preheating coal coking, which can carry out the processes of humidifying, drying and preheating in stages by adopting different heating modes according to the physical characteristics of coal materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: a coking coal step preheating device comprises a coal trough, a feeding screw, a cross-domain two-phase flow humidity regulator, a gravity moving bed dryer, a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger, a first inertial dust collector, a first humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector, a first fan, a humidity regulating cyclone separator, a humidity regulating heater, a second inertial dust collector, a second humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector, a second fan, a drying cyclone separator, a drying heater, a heat conduction oil pump, a heat conduction oil heater, a washing tower and a coal bunker; the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises an airflow vertical pipe and a spouted bed, wherein the upper part of the airflow vertical pipe is provided with the spouted bed; the gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer, a plate type indirect dryer and a horn-shaped pipe counter flow dryer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the bottom of the coal bunker is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical pipe through a feeding screw, the spouted bed is connected with a cross flow dryer, and the cross flow dryer, the plate indirect dryer, the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer, the coal preheating plate heater and the coal bunker are sequentially and vertically arranged in a building (above a coke oven room platform) from top to bottom;
a water vapor outlet at the upper part of the spouted bed is sequentially connected with a first inertial dust collector and a first humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector, the first humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector is connected with a humidity-regulating cyclone separator through a first fan, a vapor outlet at the top of the humidity-regulating cyclone separator is connected with a humidity-regulating heater, and an outlet of the humidity-regulating heater is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical pipe; the outlet of the first fan is connected with the washing tower through the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator;
the steam outlets of the cross-flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust collector and a second humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector, the second humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector is connected with a drying cyclone separator through a second fan, the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone separator is connected with a drying heater, and the outlet of the drying heater is connected with the steam inlets of the cross-flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer; the outlet of the second fan and the outlet at the bottom of the drying cyclone separator are respectively connected with the water washing tower;
and a heat conduction oil outlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger is connected with a heat conduction oil heater through a heat conduction oil pump, and an outlet of the heat conduction oil heater is connected with a heat conduction oil inlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger.
Further, the ratio of the diameter of the airflow vertical pipe to the spouted bed is 3-5.
Further, a plate-type indirect dryer is installed below the cross flow dryer, an angular tube counter-flow dryer is installed below the plate-type indirect dryer, a heating medium in the cross flow dryer is superheated steam, and the superheated steam flows horizontally; a coal blending plate and a horn-shaped pipe are arranged in the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer, and the coal blending plate can axially rotate in a reciprocating manner through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the mixing plate and are divided into 2 layers (or 4 layers) of horn-shaped pipes, a plurality of horn-shaped pipes are arranged on each layer, the horn-shaped pipes on the same layer are connected in parallel, the horn-shaped pipe on the lower layer is an air inlet horn-shaped pipe, and the horn-shaped pipe on the upper layer is an air outlet horn-shaped pipe; the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the intake horn-shaped pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees.
Further, the coal blending plate can rotate in a reciprocating manner along the axial direction through a driving device, and the reciprocating rotation angle is 30-60 degrees; the vertical spacing between the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe is 200-400 mm.
Furthermore, the upper part of the cross section of the angular pipe is triangular, and the lower part of the cross section of the angular pipe is rectangular.
Furthermore, the coal bunker coal discharge opening is connected with the coal receiving opening of the coal charging car in a socket joint mode, the outer wall of the coal bunker coal discharge opening is provided with an annular air bag, and the coal receiving opening of the coal charging car is vertically telescopic; the coal receiving port is lifted by the coal charging car in an aligning way, so that the coal discharging port is inserted into the coal receiving port, the compressed air inflates the annular air bag, and the air bag expands to form sealing.
The utility model also discloses a coking coal step preheating process, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, feeding the mixed and crushed coking coal to a coal material tank, wherein a discharge screw at the bottom of the coal material tank sends the coal material to an airflow vertical pipe of a cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator, and superheated steam is used as a heat carrier of the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator; the cross-region two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is formed by combining an airflow vertical pipe and a spouted bed, wherein gas-solid materials in the airflow vertical pipe are in an airflow conveying region, and the gas-solid materials in the spouted bed are in a fluidization region. The coal material sent to the airflow vertical pipe is conveyed to a spouted bed at the top by superheated steam airflow; the superheated steam heats the coal material while conveying the coal material, and the large-particle coal material is settled to the bottom of the vertical pipe. The gas-solid material of the spouted bed is in a fluidized area, the coal material is further heated by superheated steam on the fluidized spouted bed to evaporate the moisture of the coal material, and the cross-area two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is used for humidifying the coal material, thereby reducing the surface moisture of the coal material particles, reducing the surface tension between liquid and solid and improving the fluidity of the coal material. The coal material of the spouted bed is continuously discharged to the coal material gravity moving bed dryer through the discharge port. The superheated steam passing through the spouted bed is discharged from the top gas outlet to the dust separator.
And 2, dedusting the dusty superheated steam discharged from the spouted bed by an inertial dust collector and a multi-tube dust collector, conveying the dusty superheated steam to a fan for pressurization, conveying the pressurized steam to a humidity-regulating cyclone separator, discharging the steam generated by drying the coal material as turbid steam (dust-containing steam) from the bottom of the cyclone separator, and allowing the turbid steam to enter a water washing tower, and discharging clean steam from the top of the cyclone separator, and allowing the clean steam to enter a humidity-regulating heater for heating and recycling. The superheated steam used by the humidifying heater is the steam heated by adopting a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen.
And 3, feeding the moisture-adjusting coal material discharged from the spouted bed into a gravity moving bed dryer. The gravity moving bed dryer is divided into three sections, wherein the upper section is a cross flow dryer, the middle section is a plate type indirect dryer, and the lower section is a horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer; according to the characteristics of the drying rate curve of the coal material, each section cooperatively heats and dries the coal material; the coal material of the cross flow dryer moves downwards by means of gravity, shutter air inlet and exhaust channels with the interval of 200-300 mm are arranged in the coal material, and superheated steam passes through the moving coal material layer through the air inlet and exhaust channels in a cross flow mode to evaporate water in the coal material; and the water vapor discharged by each exhaust channel is merged and then discharged to a dust removal system. The plate type indirect dryer is characterized in that a heating plate is arranged in a moving coal material, steam (or heat conduction oil) is introduced into the heating plate, the coal material can pass through gaps among heat exchange plates by means of gravity, water vapor in the heat exchange plates is condensed, and the coal material is subjected to indirect heat exchange to evaporate moisture of the coal material; a coal blending plate and a plurality of groups of horn-shaped pipes are arranged in the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer below the plate-type indirect dryer, and the coal blending plate can axially rotate in a reciprocating manner through a driving device; changing the flow direction of the coal material moving downwards to realize that the coal material enters the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent heat exchange area after being mixed with each other, wherein the horn-shaped pipe is divided into an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe are arranged in a vertical and horizontal crossing mode. The horn-shaped tube group adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, the superheated steam enters from the horn-shaped air inlet tube below, the superheated steam passes through the coal material in a countercurrent manner and is discharged from the horn-shaped tube above, and the superheated steam directly exchanges heat with the coal material. The steam discharged by each exhaust horn-shaped pipe is converged and discharged to the dust removal system.
And 4, discharging steam from the cross flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer, and performing dust removal treatment on the steam through an inertial dust remover and a multi-tube dust remover. The steam after dust removal is sent to a fan for pressurization, the steam discharged by the fan enters a cyclone separator, and the steam generated by drying the coal material is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator as turbid steam (dust-containing steam) and enters a water washing tower; the clean steam discharged from the top of the cyclone separator enters a drying heater for heating and then is recycled; the drying heater adopts a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen to heat steam.
And 5, spraying washing water to remove dust from the turbid water vapor sent to the water washing tower, and sending secondary steam discharged from the upper part of the water washing tower to a waste heat recovery device for heat recovery. The operation pressure of the water washing tower 8 is 4000-10000 Pa, and the operation temperature is 103 ℃.
And 6, feeding the coal material treated by the gravity moving bed dryer into a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger, and indirectly exchanging heat with the coal material by adopting heat conduction oil as a heat carrier in the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger. And heat conduction oil discharged by the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger is pressurized by an oil pump and is conveyed to the heat conduction oil heater to be heated and circularly returned to the plate type heat exchange element.
And 7, feeding the preheated coal into a lower preheating coal bunker, wherein a coal material valve is arranged at the lower part of the coal bunker, the preheated coal is loaded into a coke oven coal charging car according to a coke oven operation plan, the coal charging car and the coal material pipe of the preheating coal bunker are connected in a socket joint mode, and a discharge sealing air bag is arranged between socket joint pipes to prevent coal dust from escaping outwards when the coal charging car receives coal.
Further, the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator enables coking coal containing 9-11% wt of water to be moisture-regulated to 6-8% wt, so that the surface moisture of the coal material is reduced, the surface tension between liquid and solid is reduced, and the flowability of the coal material in subsequent equipment is improved; the gas-solid ratio of an air flow conveying area in the vertical pipe is 4-7, the coal outlet temperature of the spouted bed is 96-100 ℃, the inlet temperature of superheated steam is 300-400 ℃, and the outlet temperature of water vapor is 120-130 ℃; the superheated steam inlet pressure is 8.0-10 kPa.
Further, the clean steam discharged from the humidity-regulating cyclone separator 55 is mixed with the coal gas and oxygen combustion tail gas in the humidity-regulating heater and heated to 300-400 ℃ to return to the airflow vertical pipe.
Furthermore, the steam discharged by the cross flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer is subjected to dust removal treatment and pressurized by a fan and is sent to a drying cyclone separator, the clean steam discharged by the drying cyclone separator is directly mixed with the tail gas generated by combustion of coal gas and oxygen in a drying heater, the temperature of the superheated steam reaches 400-450 ℃, and the superheated steam is used as carrier gas of the cross flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer.
Furthermore, superheated steam is introduced into the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe, the airflow vertical pipe conveys coal materials to the spouted bed at the upper part, large-particle coal materials and impurities are deposited at the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe, and the large-particle coal materials and the impurities are returned to the coal preparation system through conveying equipment.
The utility model relates to a coking coal step preheating device, which adopts a step heating process of carrying out multiple heat exchange modes on coking coal by adopting two heat carriers of gas and liquid; especially, the gas heat carrier adopts the superheated steam with large heat capacity as the heat carrier, and compared with the prior art, the gas heat carrier has the following advantages:
1) the cross-domain two-phase flow humidity regulator adopts the combination of airflow conveying and a spouted bed, utilizes superheated steam to convey airflow and a heat carrier to convey and regulate the humidity of coal, improves the fluidity of the coal after the coking coal is subjected to preliminary humidity regulation, and simultaneously removes impurities in the coal, thereby ensuring that the coal of a gravity moving bed flows smoothly in gaps of plate type heat exchange elements.
2) The utility model adopts the combination of a plate heat exchanger and a horn-shaped pipe in the coal drying stage, and the horn-shaped pipe adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, thereby reducing the diffusion resistance of the water of the coal to the gas phase; the drying efficiency of the coal material is improved.
3) The superheated steam is directly heated by adopting coke oven gas and oxygen-enriched combustion, the heat efficiency is high, and the equipment is simple.
4) In the coal material humidifying and drying stage, superheated steam is used as a gas heat carrier, and water vapor generated by coal material evaporation is used as secondary steam to recover heat.
5) The superheated steam is used as a gas heat carrier of coking coal in the humidifying, drying and coking stages, so that coal materials and dust are always kept in an inert gas environment, and dust explosion of coal dust is prevented. And the dust in the discharged water vapor is discharged only by tail gas generated by heating and burning coal gas in a washing purification and condensation mode.
6) The coal preheating technology is applied to the coking production, and the following benefits can be generated: 1. the residual ammonia water amount is reduced by 80 percent, the coking sewage treatment cost (20 yuan/t coke) is saved, the amount of wastewater produced by discharging is reduced, and the source treatment of the coking sewage is realized. 2. The heat consumption of coking is saved by 15-18%, and the consumption of standard coal by 10kg/t coke is reduced. 3, increasing the proportion of the weakly caking coal, expanding the resource utilization range of the coking coal and reducing the comprehensive cost of the coking coal. 4, the coking production efficiency of the carbonization chamber is improved by 10 percent.
In conclusion, the utility model decomposes the coking coal preheating process into three step preheating processes of humidifying, drying and preheating according to the characteristic that the coal material physical properties are different in each stage in the coking coal preheating process. Under the condition of air isolation, coking coal containing 10-12% of water is subjected to humidifying, drying and preheating in stages by adopting different heating modes according to the physical characteristics of coal materials, and finally the coking coal is preheated to 180-200 ℃ and loaded into a preheating coal bunker; the coal charging car charges the preheated coal in the preheated coal bin into a coke oven carbonization chamber for coking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow of the coking coal step preheating of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a gravity moving bed dryer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view 2-2 of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
The embodiment discloses a coking coal step preheating device, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1-4, and the device comprises: the system comprises a coal chute 11, a feeding screw 12, a cross-domain two-phase flow humidity regulator, a gravity moving bed dryer, a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger 4, a first inertial dust collector 51, a first humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector 52, a first fan 53, a humidity regulating cyclone separator 55, a humidity regulating heater 54, a second inertial dust collector 61, a second humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector 62, a second fan 63, a drying cyclone separator 64, a drying heater 65, a heat transfer oil pump 71, a heat transfer oil heater 72, a water washing tower 8 and a coal bunker 9; the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises an airflow vertical pipe 21 and a spouted bed 22; the upper part of the air flow vertical pipe 21 is provided with a spouted bed 22, and the diameter ratio of the air flow vertical pipe 21 to the spouted bed 22 is 3-5. The gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer 31, a plate type indirect dryer 32 and a horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33; a plate type indirect dryer 32 is arranged at the lower part of the cross flow dryer 31, and an angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 is arranged at the lower part of the plate type indirect dryer 32;
the bottom of the coal bunker 11 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical pipe 21 through a feeding screw 12, the lower part of the spouted bed 22 is connected with a cross flow dryer 31, and the cross flow dryer 31, a plate type indirect dryer 32, a horn-shaped pipe counter-flow dryer 33, a coal preheating plate type heater 4 and a coal bunker 9 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the cross flow dryer 31, the plate type indirect dryer 32, the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer 33, the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger 4 and the coal bunker 9 are vertically arranged in a building above a coke oven chamber.
The upper water vapor outlet of the spouted bed 22 is sequentially connected with a first inertia dust collector 51 and a first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52, the first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52 is connected with a humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 through a first fan 53, the top steam outlet of the humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 is connected with a humidity-controlling heater 54, and the outlet of the humidity-controlling heater 54 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical tube 21; the outlet of the first fan 53 is respectively connected with the water scrubber 8 through the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator 55;
the steam outlets of the cross-flow dryer 31 and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33 are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust collector 61 and a second humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 62, the second humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 62 is connected with a drying cyclone 64 through a second fan 63, the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone 64 is connected with a drying heater 65, and the outlet of the drying heater 65 is connected with the steam inlets of the cross-flow dryer 31 and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33; the outlet of the second fan 63 is respectively connected with the water washing tower 8 through the outlet at the bottom of the drying cyclone separator 64;
the heat conducting oil outlet of the preheating plate type heat exchanger 4 is connected with a heat conducting oil heater 72 through a heat conducting oil pump 71, and the outlet of the heat conducting oil heater 72 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the preheating plate type heat exchanger 4.
The gravity moving bed dryer comprises: the device comprises a cross flow dryer 31, a plate type indirect dryer 32 and a horn-shaped pipe counter-flow dryer 33, wherein the plate type indirect dryer 32 is horizontally arranged below the cross flow dryer 31, the horn-shaped pipe counter-flow dryer 33 is arranged below the plate type indirect dryer 32, the horn-shaped pipe counter-flow dryer 33 is provided with a coal blending plate and a horn-shaped pipe, and the coal blending plate can axially rotate in a reciprocating manner through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the mixing plate and are divided into 2 layers (or 4 layers) to be arranged, the horn-shaped pipes on the same layer are connected in parallel, the lower layer is an air inlet horn-shaped pipe, and the upper layer is an air outlet horn-shaped pipe; the air outlet horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees. The mixing outlet plate can rotate in a reciprocating manner along the axial direction through a driving device, and the reciprocating rotation angle is 30-60 degrees; the horn-shaped pipe of giving vent to anger and horn-shaped pipe of admitting air interval 200 ~ 400mm from top to bottom. The upper part of the cross section of the angular pipe is triangular, and the lower part of the cross section of the angular pipe is rectangular
The upper water vapor outlet of the spouted bed 22 is sequentially connected with a first inertia dust collector 51 and a first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52, the first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52 is connected with a humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 through a first fan 53, the top steam outlet of the humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 is connected with a humidity-controlling heater 54, and the outlet of the humidity-controlling heater 54 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical tube 21; an outlet of the first fan 53 and an outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 are respectively connected with the water washing tower 8;
the steam outlets of the cross-flow dryer 31 and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33 are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust collector 61 and a second humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 62, the second humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 62 is connected with a cyclone separator 64 through a second fan 63, the steam outlet at the top of the cyclone separator 64 is connected with a drying heater 65, and the outlet of the drying heater 65 is connected with the steam inlets of the cross-flow dryer and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33; the outlet of the second fan 63 and the outlet at the bottom of the cyclone separator 64 are respectively connected with the water washing tower 8;
the heat conducting oil outlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger 4 is connected with a heat conducting oil heater 72 through a heat conducting oil pump 71, and the outlet of the heat conducting oil heater 72 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the preheating plate type heat exchanger 4.
The coal discharging port of the coal bunker 9 is connected with the coal collecting port of the coal charging car in a socket joint mode, the outer wall of the coal discharging port of the coal bunker 9 is provided with an annular air bag, and the coal receiving port of the coal charging car is vertically telescopic; the coal receiving port is lifted by the coal charging car in an aligning way, so that the coal discharging port is inserted into the coal receiving port, the compressed air inflates the annular air bag, and the air bag expands to form sealing.
The coking coal step preheating process adopting the equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1, delivering the mixed and crushed coking coal to a coal trough 11, delivering the coal in the coal trough 11 to an airflow vertical pipe 21 of a cross-region two-phase flow coal humidifier through a feeding screw 12, taking superheated steam as a heat carrier of the cross-region two-phase flow coal humidifier, namely introducing the superheated steam into the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe 21, delivering the coal to a spouted bed 22 at the upper part by the airflow vertical pipe 21, depositing large-particle coal and impurities at the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe 21, and returning the large-particle coal and the impurities to a coal preparation system through a delivery device. The gas-solid material in the gas flow vertical pipe 21 is in a gas flow conveying area, and the gas-solid material in the spouted bed 22 is in a fluidized area; the coal material sent into the gas flow vertical pipe 21 is conveyed to the top spouted bed 22 by superheated steam gas flow; the superheated steam heats the coal material while conveying the coal material, and large-particle coal material is settled to the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe 21; the gas-solid material of the spouted bed 22 is in a fluidized area, the coal material is further heated by hot steam on the fluidized spouted bed 22, so that the temperature of the coal material is raised, the moisture is evaporated, the moisture of the coal material is humidified by a cross-area two-phase flow coal moisture regulator, the surface moisture of the coal material is reduced, the surface tension between liquid and solid is reduced, and the fluidity of the coal material is improved; the coal charge of spouted bed 22 is arranged to coal charge gravity moving bed desicator by the bin outlet in succession, and the gravity moving bed desicator includes: a cross-flow dryer 31, a plate-type indirect dryer 32, and a horn-shaped tube counterflow dryer 33; the superheated steam passing through the spouted bed 22 is discharged from the top gas outlet to the first dust collector comprising a first inertial dust collector 51 and a first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52;
the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator enables coking coal containing 9-11% of water to be moisture-regulated to 6-8%, and aims to reduce the surface moisture of the coal material, reduce the surface tension between liquid and solid and improve the fluidity of the coal material in subsequent equipment; the gas-solid ratio of a gas flow conveying area in the gas flow vertical pipe is 4-7, the coal outlet temperature of the spouted bed is 96-100 ℃, the inlet temperature of superheated steam is 300-400 ℃, and the outlet temperature of water vapor is 120-130 ℃; the superheated steam inlet pressure is 8.0-10 kPa.
Step 2, the dust-containing superheated steam discharged from the gas outlet at the top of the spouted bed 22 is subjected to dust removal treatment by a first inertial dust collector 51 and a first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector 52, then sent to a first fan 53 for pressurization, the pressurized steam is sent to a cyclone separator 54, the steam generated by drying the coal material is discharged from the bottom of a humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 as turbid steam (dust-containing steam), enters a water washing tower 8, the clean steam discharged from the top of the humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 enters a humidity-controlling heater 54 for heating, then is sent to an airflow vertical pipe 21 for recycling, and specifically, the clean steam discharged from the humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 is mixed with coal gas and oxygen combustion tail gas in the humidity-controlling heater 54 and heated to 300-400 ℃ to return to the airflow vertical pipe 21. The superheated steam used by the humidifying heater 54 is steam heated by adopting a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen;
and step 3, feeding the moisture-controlled coal material discharged from the spouted bed 22 into a gravity moving bed dryer. The gravity moving bed dryer is divided into three sections, wherein the upper section is a cross flow dryer 31, the middle section is a plate type indirect dryer 32, and the lower section is a horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer 33; according to the characteristics of the drying rate curve of the coal material, heating and drying the coal material cooperatively at each section; the coal material of the cross flow dryer 31 moves downwards by means of gravity, shutter air inlet and exhaust channels with the interval of 200-300 mm are arranged in the coal material, and superheated steam passes through the moving coal material layer through the air inlet and exhaust channels in a cross flow mode to evaporate moisture of the coal material; and the water vapor discharged by each exhaust channel is merged and then discharged to a dust removal system. The plate type indirect dryer 32 is provided with a heating plate in the moving coal material, steam (or heat conducting oil) is introduced into the heating plate, the coal material can pass through gaps among the heat exchange plates by means of gravity, water vapor in the heat exchange plates is condensed, and the coal material indirectly exchanges heat to evaporate moisture of the coal material; a coal blending plate and a plurality of groups of horn-shaped pipes are arranged in the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer 33 below the plate type indirect dryer 32, and the coal blending plate can axially rotate in a reciprocating manner through a driving device; changing the flow direction of the coal material moving downwards to realize that the coal material enters the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent heat exchange area after being mixed with each other, wherein the horn-shaped pipe is divided into an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe are arranged in a vertical and horizontal crossed mode. The horn-shaped tube group adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, the superheated steam enters from the horn-shaped air inlet tube below, the superheated steam passes through the coal material in a countercurrent manner and is discharged from the horn-shaped tube above, and the superheated steam directly exchanges heat with the coal material. The steam discharged from each of the discharge horns is merged and discharged to the second inertial dust collector 61 and the drying manifold 62.
step 5, the turbid water vapor sent to the water washing tower 8 is dedusted by spraying washing water, and secondary steam discharged from the upper part of the water washing tower 8 is sent to a waste heat recovery device for heat recovery; the operation pressure of the water washing tower 8 is 4000-10000 Pa, and the operation temperature is 103 ℃.
Step 6, the coal material after drying treatment enters a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger 4, and the coal preheating also adopts a plate type heat exchanger; heat conducting oil is adopted in the plate heat exchanger as a heat carrier to indirectly exchange heat with the coal material; the heat conducting oil discharged by the plate heat exchanger 4 is pressurized by a heat conducting oil pump 71 and is sent to a heat conducting oil heater 72 for heating and circulating and returning to the heat exchange element;
and 7, feeding the preheated coal into a lower preheating coal bunker 9, wherein a coal material valve is arranged at the lower part of the coal bunker, the preheated coal is loaded into a coke oven coal charging car according to a coke oven operation plan, the coal charging car and a coal material pipe of the preheating coal bunker are connected in a socket joint mode, and a discharge sealing air bag is arranged between socket joint pipes to prevent coal dust from escaping outwards when the coal charging car receives coal.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the utility model has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The coking coal step preheating equipment is characterized by comprising a coal trough (11), a feeding screw (12), a cross-region two-phase flow humidity regulator, a gravity moving bed dryer, a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4), a first inertial dust collector (51), a first humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector (52), a first fan (53), a humidity regulating cyclone separator (55), a humidity regulating heater (54), a second inertial dust collector (61), a second humidity regulating multi-pipe dust collector (62), a second fan (63), a drying cyclone separator (64), a drying heater (65), a heat conduction oil pump (71), a heat conduction oil heater (72), a washing tower (8) and a coal bunker (9); the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises a gas flow vertical pipe (21) and a spouted bed (22); the upper part of the airflow vertical pipe (21) is provided with a spouted bed (22), and the gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer (31), a plate type indirect dryer (32) and a horn-shaped pipe counter-flow dryer (33) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the bottom of the coal chute (11) is connected with the lower part of the air flow vertical pipe (21) through a feeding screw (12), and the spouted bed (22) is connected with a cross-flow dryer (31);
the cross flow dryer (31), the plate type indirect dryer (32), the horn-shaped pipe counter flow dryer (33), the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4) and the coal bunker (9) are sequentially and vertically arranged in a building from top to bottom;
a water vapor outlet at the upper part of the spouted bed (22) is sequentially connected with a first inertial dust collector (51) and a first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector (52), the first humidity-controlling multi-tube dust collector (52) is connected with a humidity-controlling cyclone separator (55) through a first fan (53), a vapor outlet at the top of the humidity-controlling cyclone separator (55) is connected with a humidity-controlling heater (54), and an outlet of the humidity-controlling heater (54) is connected with the lower part of the air flow vertical tube (21); an outlet of the first fan (53) and an outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator (55) are respectively connected with the water washing tower (8);
the steam outlets of the cross-flow dryer (31) and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer (33) are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust collector (61) and a second humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector (62), the second humidity-regulating multi-tube dust collector (62) is connected with a drying cyclone separator (64) through a second fan (63), the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone separator (64) is connected with a drying heater (65), and the outlet of the drying heater (65) is connected with the steam inlets of the cross-flow dryer (31) and the horn-shaped tube countercurrent dryer (33); the outlet of the second fan (63) and the outlet at the bottom of the drying cyclone separator (64) are respectively connected with the water washing tower (8);
the heat conducting oil outlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4) is connected with a heat conducting oil heater (72) through a heat conducting oil pump (71), and the outlet of the heat conducting oil heater (72) is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4).
2. The coking coal step preheating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the gas flow vertical pipe (21) to the diameter of the spouted bed (22) is 3-5.
3. The coking coal step preheating device according to claim 1, wherein a coal blending plate and a horn-shaped pipe are installed in the horn-shaped pipe countercurrent dryer (33), and the coal blending plate can axially reciprocate through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the coal blending plate and are divided into 2 layers, a plurality of horn-shaped pipes are arranged on each layer, the horn-shaped pipes on the same layer are connected in parallel, the horn-shaped pipe on the lower layer is an air inlet horn-shaped pipe, and the horn-shaped pipe on the upper layer is an air outlet horn-shaped pipe; the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the intake horn-shaped pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees.
4. The coking coal step preheating device according to claim 3, wherein the coal blending plate can axially reciprocate 30-60 degrees by a driving device; the vertical spacing between the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe is 200-400 mm.
5. The coking coal step preheating device according to claim 1, wherein the coal discharging port of the coal bunker (9) is connected with the coal receiving port of the coal charging car in a socket joint mode, the outer wall of the coal discharging port of the coal bunker (9) is provided with an annular air bag, and the coal receiving port of the coal charging car is in an up-and-down telescopic mode; the coal receiving port is lifted by the coal charging car in an aligning way, so that the coal discharging port is inserted into the coal receiving port, the compressed air inflates the annular air bag, and the air bag expands to form sealing.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113862016A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 大连科力一诺环保科技有限公司 | Coking coal step preheating process and equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113862016A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 大连科力一诺环保科技有限公司 | Coking coal step preheating process and equipment |
| CN113862016B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-12-05 | 大连科力一诺环保科技有限公司 | Coking coal gradient preheating process and equipment |
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