Background
Lithium batteries have become a key project for new energy development. Lithium batteries are a new energy industry, and are rapidly developed. At present, the cleaning wastewater generated in the lithium battery industry mainly comprises NMP, lithium cobaltate and the like. The main component of the waste liquid in the anode cleaning waste water is NMP, wherein the NMP is mainly used as an electrode auxiliary material of a lithium ion battery. But it is a colorless transparent liquid, the boiling point is 203 ℃, the liquid can be mixed with water, dissolved in ether, acetone and various organic solvents, has good chemical stability and thermal stability, is not easy to degrade when directly discharged into the natural environment, is harmful to fertility and affects the health of human body. The lithium cobaltate anode slurry mainly contains lithium cobaltate, is mainly used for manufacturing electronic equipment raw materials, is black and thick, has certain viscosity, contains heavy metal ions such as cobalt and lithium, is directly discharged, and causes great harm to the environment.
The main component of the positive electrode slurry is lithium cobaltate which is black and thick, has high viscosity and is easy to stick. However, in the slurry containing NMP, the actual slurry concentration and viscosity of the slurry dissolved in NMP to some extent are reduced, and the slurry and NMP are mixed and not easily separated. Common methods for solid-liquid separation include filtration, gravity settling and centrifugal separation, and different methods are tried to perform solid-liquid separation according to the property characteristics of the solution.
By adopting a centrifugal method, under the action of high-speed centrifuges at 4000r and 10min, 9000r and 10min, and 12000r and 10min, the NMP waste liquid and the lithium cobaltate slurry cannot be separated. Direct gravity sedimentation, NMP and slurry are mixed and melted to a certain extent, and solid-liquid separation cannot be realized. Solid-liquid separation is realized by double-circle qualitative filter paper filtration, but the separation efficiency is extremely low, and meanwhile, separated slurry cannot be automatically discharged, so that the method is not suitable for large-scale industrial wastewater treatment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a filtering device for solid-liquid separation.
A filtering device for solid-liquid separation comprises a tank body, a water distribution system, a filter and a back flushing system, wherein the water distribution system is arranged on the tank body and is communicated with the inside of the tank body, the filter is arranged in the tank body, the back flushing system is arranged in the tank body, the tank body is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air inlet, a slag discharge port and a vent port, the water distribution system comprises an annular main water distribution pipe and water distribution branch pipes, the annular main water distribution pipe is arranged along an inner cavity of the filter, the water distribution branch pipes are arranged in a radioactive mode and are detachably communicated with the annular main water distribution pipe, and the water distribution system further comprises a vertical water inlet pipe and a vertical water inlet pipe, the vertical water inlet pipe is communicated with the annular main water distribution pipe; the filter comprises a shell and filter elements distributed along the circumference of the shell, and the water distribution branch pipes are distributed along the edges of the filter elements in an emitting manner; the backwashing system comprises a backwashing air pipe and a compressed air bag connected with the backwashing air pipe and used for blowing air, and the backwashing air pipe and the compressed air bag are respectively connected with an air inlet.
Further scheme: the connection part of the compressed air bag and the air inlet is provided with a pulse valve and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the pulse valve to be opened or closed.
Further scheme: the tank body is provided with a pulse controller for controlling the electromagnetic valve.
Further scheme: the liquid inlet is provided with a three-way joint which is respectively connected with a clean water pipe and a liquid inlet pipe, and the clean water pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are both provided with control valves.
Further scheme: the annular water distribution main pipe is uniformly provided with water outlet holes, and the water distribution branch pipes are uniformly provided with water distribution holes.
Further scheme: the aperture of the water outlet hole is larger than that of the water distribution hole.
Further scheme: the top of the tank body is provided with a flip cover, and the flip cover is locked at the top of the tank body through a quick-assembling bolt.
Further scheme: the filter element is made of ceramic material.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model aims to provide a filtering device for solid-liquid separation, which is suitable for large-scale recovery treatment of waste liquid, realizes high-efficiency separation of lithium cobaltate slurry and NMP waste liquid in positive electrode cleaning waste liquid, can realize automatic operation of feeding, separation, dehydration and slag removal, achieves recycling of the lithium cobaltate slurry and the NMP solvent, and simultaneously adopts steam-water pulse washing to impact hard impurities and gaps in a filter element, so as to realize thorough cleaning of the filter element. In addition, a multi-stage annular water distribution system is arranged, so that the uniformity of water inflow is improved, and the sediment slurry deposition caused by local dead water is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a filtering apparatus for solid-liquid separation includes a tank 1, a water distribution system disposed on the tank 1 and communicated with the inside of the tank 1, a filter 2 disposed in the tank 1, and a back flushing system disposed in the tank 1. When the filtering device is used, the water pump flows the cleaning wastewater precipitated for the first time in the water collecting well into the tank body 1 through the water distribution system, the filter element is used as a medium through the filter 2, when the filtering device works, the cleaning solution enters the filter 2 from the liquid inlet and passes through the water distribution system, so that the waste liquid is uniformly distributed in the whole filtering cavity, impurities larger than a gap of the filter element of the filter 2 are intercepted when passing through the filter element, the filtrate passes through the gap to reach an upper cavity, and is collected by the filtrate tank and recycled after being sent out from the liquid outlet, the utility model aims to provide the filtering device for solid-liquid separation, which is suitable for large-scale recycling of the waste liquid, realizes the high-efficiency separation of lithium cobaltate slurry and NMP waste liquid in the positive electrode cleaning waste liquid, the automatic operation of feeding, separation, dehydration and slag removal can be realized, and the recycling of the lithium cobaltate slurry and solvent can be realized, and meanwhile, the filter core is thoroughly cleaned by adopting steam-water pulse washing to impact hard impurities and gaps in the filter core. In addition, a multi-stage annular water distribution system is arranged, so that the uniformity of water inflow is improved, and the sediment slurry deposition caused by local dead water is reduced.
Specifically, the top of the tank body 1 is provided with a turnover cover 10, the turnover cover 10 is locked on the top of the tank body 1 through a quick-assembly bolt 11, the turnover cover 10 can be quickly locked through the quick-assembly bolt 11, further sealing the tank body 1 and rapidly opening the flip-open cover 10, the filter 2 can be conveniently maintained, disassembled and assembled by arranging the flip-open cover 10, in addition, the tank body 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 12, a liquid outlet 13, an air inlet 14, a slag discharging port 15 and a emptying port 16, wherein the liquid outlet 13 is arranged below the turnover cover 10, the liquid outlet 13 is connected with an external filtrate tank through a water pipe, the slag discharge port 15 is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1, the liquid inlet 12 is arranged in the middle of the tank body 1, the liquid inlet 12 is used for being connected with a water distribution system, the emptying port 16 is positioned below the liquid inlet 12, the emptying port 16 is used for exhausting and emptying clean water for cleaning the tank body 1, the air inlet 14 is positioned above the liquid inlet 12, and the air inlet 14 is used for being connected with a back flushing system.
More specifically, inlet 12 is provided with three way connection, and three way connection is connected with clean water pipe 120 and feed liquor pipe 121 respectively, all is equipped with control valve 122 on clean water pipe 120 and the feed liquor pipe 121 to be equipped with the pulse control appearance 17 of control valve 122 on jar body 1, set up pulse control appearance 17, reduce manual operation, provide the automation of equipment and function.
Furthermore, the water distribution system comprises an annular main water distribution pipe 20 arranged along the inner cavity of the filter 2, a water distribution branch pipe 21 arranged in a radioactive manner and detachably connected with the annular main water distribution pipe 20, and a water inlet vertical pipe 22 respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 12 and the annular main water distribution pipe 20, wherein the annular main water distribution pipe 20 and the water distribution branch pipe 21 are calculated according to the passing resistance and the passing pressure loss of liquid, water outlet holes 201 and water distribution holes 210 with different apertures are uniformly arranged on the annular main water distribution pipe 20 and the water distribution branch pipe 21, the aperture of the water outlet hole 201 is larger than that of the water distribution holes 210, and the uniformity of water distribution in space is ensured. Wherein the water inlet vertical pipe 22 and the annular water distribution main pipe 20 can be movably connected, so that the water inlet vertical pipe and the annular water distribution main pipe can be conveniently disassembled and assembled according to the actual situation.
In addition, the filter element 24 in the filter 2 is made of special ceramic materials, can better cope with the special chemical properties of the slurry, has better filtering capacity for NMP organic solvent, has organic solvent corrosion resistance and ageing resistance, has lower manufacturing cost, and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost. The filter element 2 is detachably arranged on the shell 23, and the water distribution branch pipe 21 is distributed along the edge of the filter element 24 in an emitting manner. Filter 2 uses filter core 24 as the medium, in operation, the washing liquid gets into filter 2 from inlet 12 and passes through annular water distribution main pipe 20 and water distribution branch pipe 21, make waste liquid evenly distributed in whole filter chamber, when through filter core 24, the impurity that is greater than filter 2 filter core 24 gap is held back in casing 23, and then realize solid-liquid separation, the filtrating passes the gap and reaches jar internal 1, more subtle granule deposits jar body 1 bottom, behind the filtrating of jar internal 1 reaching certain capacity, the filtrating reaches jar upper chamber of body 1, carry out recycle after the filtrating pond is collected after sending out from liquid outlet 13, the large granule solid of staying in casing 23, wait for the anti-large granule solid that the system of blowing and washing can't clear up and manual treatment anti-blowing system.
Further, in order to clean the residual precipitated particles in the tank body 1 and the filter 2, a back flushing system is arranged on the filtering device, the back flushing system comprises a back flushing air pipe 3 arranged in the tank body 1, and a compressed air bag 4 fixed on the outer side wall of the tank body 1 and connected with the back flushing air pipe 3 for blowing air, the back flushing air pipe 3 and the compressed air bag 4 are respectively connected with an air inlet 14, a pulse valve 5 and an electromagnetic valve 6 for controlling the pulse valve 5 to be opened or closed are arranged at the joint of the compressed air bag 4 and the air inlet 14, the pulse controller 17 controls the electromagnetic valve 6 to be opened or closed, a pressure gauge 7 for detecting the air pressure in the tank body 1 is further arranged on the outer side wall of the tank body 1, and the pressure gauge 7 is electrically connected with the pulse controller 17. The medium of the reverse blowing and washing system adopts gas, a compressed air bag 4 is blown out from a blowing hole through a reverse washing air pipe 3, high-pressure gas enters the tank body 1 at a certain frequency by utilizing the compressibility of the air, a washing valve is opened at the same time, steam and water are mixed to form discontinuous steam and water flow in the tank body 1, the turbulent flow in the tank body 1 is intensified through the compression and expansion of the air, the shear stress of the water flow is increased, a hard scaling layer on the inner wall of the tank body 1 and a tiny gap on a filter element 24 in the filter 2 are impacted, meanwhile, a control instrument is arranged, the adjustable pressure and the adjustable air quantity are realized, and the thorough washing is realized according to the blocking degree and the like. After working for one shift, the air blowing is carried out through the air inlet 14 and the slag discharging port 15 to discharge slag slurry, so that the flushing and frequency are automatically controlled, and the labor is saved. And the discharged slag slurry is collected by a slag collecting barrel and then recycled.
To sum up, the filter adopts ceramic to make, has corrosion resistance to the material, ageing resistance, and the cost is lower, and flip passes through fast-assembling bolt locking at jar body top simultaneously, and the organism adopts the ready-package, is convenient for change filter core and washing. Meanwhile, the water distribution system is arranged, so that the filter has the advantages of small filtration resistance, large flux, strong dirt intercepting capability, long service life, few easily-damaged parts of the filter, low operation and maintenance cost and simple and convenient operation and management. Meanwhile, the filtering device is provided with few components, so that the filtering device occupies small area and is flexible and convenient to install and move.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms referred to herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Reference to "a," "an," "the," and similar words throughout this application are not to be construed as limiting in number, and may refer to the singular or the plural. The present application is directed to the use of the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Reference to "connected," "coupled," and the like in this application is not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Reference herein to "a plurality" means greater than or equal to two. "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, "A and/or B" may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Reference herein to the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering for the objects.
The above examples are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the utility model, and all equivalent changes and modifications made by the methods described in the claims of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.