CN216514041U - Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system - Google Patents
Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216514041U CN216514041U CN202122944498.5U CN202122944498U CN216514041U CN 216514041 U CN216514041 U CN 216514041U CN 202122944498 U CN202122944498 U CN 202122944498U CN 216514041 U CN216514041 U CN 216514041U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a continuously-operated electrochemical lithium extraction system, and belongs to the field of lithium extraction systems. A solution inlet of an electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a lithium source-containing solution storage tank, a nitrogen cylinder and a recovery liquid storage tank through a peristaltic pump, a solution outlet of the electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a waste liquid storage tank and a high-purity recovery liquid storage tank, and the electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a power supply. The electrochemical system is formed by adopting the cathode capable of reversibly capturing chloride ions through oxidation reduction and the high-lithium-selectivity anode LNCM, only lithium ions in the solution are extracted, and no polluting waste is generated. The utility model adopts the negative electrode of the LNCM material, has high selectivity to lithium ions, and can realize the recovery of lithium under the conditions of high Li/Mg ratio and high Li/Na ratio solution. Large capacity, low energy consumption in the process of extracting lithium and good cycle performance. The utility model has the advantages of simple device, convenient operation and realization of large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of lithium extraction systems, and particularly relates to a continuously-operated electrochemical lithium extraction system.
Background
Lithium is the lightest alkali metal, has good electrochemical activity and high oxidation-reduction potential, and metallic lithium and lithium salt products have important application in many fields, such as lithium ion batteries, ceramic glass, nuclear industry, pharmacy, adhesives, lubricants and the like. As the market for electric vehicles and electronic products gradually expands, the demand for lithium continues to increase. Lithium is mainly present in two resources, including lithium-containing ores and water resources, and traditional mining systems for lithium-containing ores are mature but face the risk of future depletion. And more than 60% of lithium resources exist in aqueous solutions such as seawater, salt lake brine and the like, so that the process of extracting lithium from the aqueous solutions is simpler, and the operation cost is lower. The development of efficient aqueous lithium recovery is a promising direction.
Several techniques for recovering lithium from lithium-water resources have been developed today, including precipitation, ion sieving, solvent extraction, membrane-based techniques, and electrochemical lithium extraction techniques. The traditional method for recovering lithium is a carbonate precipitation process, and the method is characterized in that sodium carbonate is added into lithium-containing brine after evaporation and concentration to form precipitation of lithium carbonate, but the evaporation and concentration process is as long as 12-18 months, and is greatly restricted by weather factors, the production procedure is complicated, and a plurality of byproducts are generated. The precipitation method needs to consume a large amount of reagents, and the production cost is high. The ion sieve method is to synthesize a precursor compound containing target ions, and then remove the target ions in the compound by treatment with an eluent, so that the formed pore structure has excellent selectivity on the target ions, but the general eluents are acidic solvents, which can cause serious corrosion and environmental pollution to equipment, and the dissolution loss of the precursor compound is also a great problem. Solvent extraction generally recovers lithium from salt lake brines using various specific chelating agents and ionic liquids and achieves superior performance. Solvent extraction suffers from several environmental problems due to the use of organic extractants. The membrane-based technology does not need to add chemical reagents, but the problems of membrane pollution, blockage and the like seriously hinder the application of the membrane-based technology.
Electrochemical lithium extraction technology utilizes energy to extract Li+With other coexisting ions (Na)+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+Etc.) separated high lithium selectivity electrode of a specific structure such as spinel, layered transition metal oxide, etc., extracting intercalated lithium ions in an aqueous solution containing lithium, and then deintercalating lithium into a recovery solution under the action of an electric field, which can easily obtain a recovery solution of high lithium purity. Compared with the precipitation method and the ion sieve method, the method has higher lithium separation efficiency. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, low initial investment, large lithium intercalation capacity, high reversibility, greenization of lithium intercalation/deintercalation process, no need of additional chemical reagents and purification in industrial operation and the like. Since the lithium extraction and recovery process occurs in different solutions, which requires movement of electrodes or solutions, the industrial production of the electrochemical lithium extraction technology can be realized by integrating the extraction and recovery process in a continuous operation system of the same device.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects and provide a continuously-operated electrochemical lithium extraction system which is low in energy consumption, excellent in selectivity and capable of continuously and stably producing lithium.
In order to achieve the purpose, the device comprises an electrochemical reaction chamber, wherein a solution inlet of the electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a lithium source-containing solution storage tank, a nitrogen cylinder and a recovery liquid storage tank, a solution outlet of the electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a waste liquid storage tank and a high-purity recovery liquid storage tank, the electrochemical reaction chamber is connected with a power supply, a cathode of the power supply is used for capturing chloride ions, and an anode of the power supply is made of LNCM materials.
The lithium source solution storage tank, the nitrogen cylinder and the recovery solution storage tank are all connected with the electrochemical reaction chamber through peristaltic pumps.
An active solution inlet valve is arranged between the lithium source solution storage tank and the electrochemical reaction chamber.
A nitrogen pipeline valve is arranged between the nitrogen cylinder and the electrochemical reaction chamber.
A recycling liquid inlet valve is arranged between the recycling liquid storage tank and the electrochemical reaction chamber.
A waste liquid outlet valve is arranged between the electrochemical reaction chamber and the waste liquid storage tank.
A high-purity recovery liquid outlet valve is arranged between the electrochemical reaction chamber and the high-purity recovery liquid storage tank.
The negative electrode is made of Ag or PPy materials.
Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical system is formed by the redox reversible chlorine ion capturing negative electrode and the high lithium selectivity positive electrode LNCM, only lithium ions in the solution are extracted, and no polluting waste is generated. The utility model adopts the negative electrode of the LNCM material, has high selectivity to lithium ions, and can realize the recovery of lithium under the conditions of high Li/Mg ratio and high Li/Na ratio solution. Large capacity, low energy consumption in the process of extracting lithium and good cycle performance. The utility model has the advantages of simple device, convenient operation and realization of large-scale production.
Furthermore, the utility model is provided with the peristaltic pump, and the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump can be adjusted to change the flow rate of the pumping source solution so as to meet the requirements of different Li+Maximum lithium ion capture of the concentration source solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;
the electrochemical reaction device comprises an electrochemical reaction chamber 1, a lithium source-containing solution storage tank 2, a nitrogen cylinder 3, a recovery solution storage tank 4, a waste liquid storage tank 5, a high-purity recovery solution storage tank 6, a power supply 7, a peristaltic pump 8, a source solution inlet valve 9, a nitrogen pipeline valve 10, a recovery solution inlet valve 11, a waste liquid outlet valve 12, a waste liquid outlet valve 13 and a high-purity recovery solution outlet valve.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model comprises an electrochemical reaction chamber 1, wherein a solution inlet of the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 is connected with a lithium source-containing solution storage tank 2, a nitrogen gas cylinder 3 and a recovery liquid storage tank 4, a solution outlet of the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 is connected with a waste liquid storage tank 5 and a high-purity recovery liquid storage tank 6, the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 is connected with a power supply 7, a cathode of the power supply 7 is used for capturing chloride ions, and an anode of the power supply 7 is made of LNCM materials.
The lithium source solution storage tank 2, the nitrogen gas cylinder 3 and the recovery solution storage tank 4 are all connected with the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 through a peristaltic pump 8. An active solution inlet valve 9 is arranged between the lithium source solution storage tank 2 and the electrochemical reaction chamber 1. A nitrogen pipeline valve 10 is arranged between the nitrogen cylinder 3 and the electrochemical reaction chamber 1. A recycling liquid inlet valve 11 is arranged between the recycling liquid storage tank 4 and the electrochemical reaction chamber 1. A waste liquid outlet valve 12 is arranged between the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 and the waste liquid storage tank 5. A high-purity recovery liquid outlet valve 13 is arranged between the electrochemical reaction chamber 1 and the high-purity recovery liquid storage tank 6.
The principle of the system is as follows: taking electrode material (such as Ag or PPy) for capturing chloride ions as a negative electrode and LNCM as a positive electrode, and allowing lithium-containing seawater solution to continuously flow through the system, wherein Li is obtained during discharge+Is captured by the highly selective LNCM electrode and the chloride ion is captured by the counter electrode. After the discharge is finished, nitrogen is introduced to wash away the anode, the cathode and residual solution in the cavity. Pumping in the recovered solution for charging, Li+The chlorine ions trapped by the counter electrode are desorbed from the LNCM electrode in the dissociation liquid. And after charging is finished, introducing nitrogen, and discharging the lithium-rich recovery liquid in the reaction cavity to a high-purity recovery liquid tank. In the whole process, the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump can be further adjusted to change the flow rate of the solution, and the current/voltage is adjusted to obtain the high-purity low-energy-consumption lithium stock solution.
The lithium extraction system provided by the utility model can be applied to the recovery of lithium in lithium-containing solutions including seawater, brine, solutions with high magnesium-lithium ratio and high sodium-lithium ratio and any lithium ion-containing waste liquid.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a lithium system is carried to continuous operation electrochemistry, which characterized in that, including electrochemical reaction chamber (1), the solution entry linkage of electrochemical reaction chamber (1) contains lithium source solution liquid storage pot (2), nitrogen cylinder (3) and recovery liquid storage pot (4), the solution exit linkage of electrochemical reaction chamber (1) waste liquid storage pot (5) and high-purity recovery liquid storage pot (6), electrochemical reaction chamber (1) is connected power (7), the negative pole of power (7) is used for catching chloride ion, the positive pole of power (7) adopts the LNCM material.
2. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lithium source containing solution reservoir (2), the nitrogen gas cylinder (3) and the recovery solution reservoir (4) are connected to the electrochemical reaction chamber (1) by means of a peristaltic pump (8).
3. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that an active solution inlet valve (9) is provided between the lithium source solution reservoir (2) and the electrochemical reaction chamber (1).
4. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that a nitrogen pipeline valve (10) is arranged between the nitrogen gas cylinder (3) and the electrochemical reaction chamber (1).
5. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that a recovery liquid inlet valve (11) is arranged between the recovery liquid storage tank (4) and the electrochemical reaction chamber (1).
6. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that a waste liquid outlet valve (12) is arranged between the electrochemical reaction chamber (1) and the waste liquid reservoir (5).
7. A continuously operating electrochemical lithium extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that a high purity recovery solution outlet valve (13) is provided between the electrochemical reaction chamber (1) and the high purity recovery solution storage tank (6).
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode is made of Ag or PPy.
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| CN202122944498.5U CN216514041U (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system |
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| CN202122944498.5U CN216514041U (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113999979A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113999979A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Continuous operation electrochemical lithium extraction system and method |
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