CN216477358U - One-way tunnel tunneling construction structure communicated near tunnel portal - Google Patents
One-way tunnel tunneling construction structure communicated near tunnel portal Download PDFInfo
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- CN216477358U CN216477358U CN202123359346.5U CN202123359346U CN216477358U CN 216477358 U CN216477358 U CN 216477358U CN 202123359346 U CN202123359346 U CN 202123359346U CN 216477358 U CN216477358 U CN 216477358U
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Abstract
The utility model particularly relates to a construction structure for one-way tunneling of a tunnel, which is communicated near a tunnel opening, wherein a forward tunneling pilot tunnel is arranged on the side of the tunnel close to a mountain, the upper part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel is a pilot tunnel upper step, and the lower part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel is a pilot tunnel lower step; during tunneling, forward primary supports are laid on the inner side walls of the upper pilot tunnel step and the lower pilot tunnel step, and temporary supports are laid on the outer side walls; and the side of the tunnel far away from the mountain is a reverse tunneling main tunnel, and during tunneling, reverse primary supports are laid on the outer side walls of the main tunnel upper step and the main tunnel lower step. The utility model discloses can reduce one-way tunnelling to near the export, because the weak soft entrance to a cave rock that causes of the surrounding rock soil body, accidents such as massif landslide have greatly improved the safety of entrance to a cave department construction.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technical field specifically is a construction structures that one-way tunnelling of tunnel link up near entrance to a cave.
Background
Generally speaking, the tunnel link up should adopt the mode that two-way excavation link up, and protection is done simultaneously to both ends tunnel entrance, and the tunnelling reaches massif middle part simultaneously and meets and link up, and the department of linking up is surrounding rock all around firm stable, and tunnel factor of safety is high when linking up. However, in the actual situation, the construction of the tunnel portal at one end is difficult due to the limitation of geographical conditions, large-scale tunneling construction cannot be performed without large-scale construction mechanical construction conditions, and therefore, the construction cannot be performed in a bidirectional excavation tunneling manner, and only a construction scheme that one-way tunneling is performed and the tunnel portal is communicated with the vicinity of the tunnel portal is adopted.
However, the one-way tunneling of the tunnel also has the following difficulties: because the rock mass close to the opening is weak and is in a mountain bias state, the soil mass is easy to slide down and collapse under the vibration of the large-scale machinery, so that accidents such as rock falling at the opening, mountain landslide and the like are easy to happen, and the construction safety of the through part of the opening is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing an one-way tunnelling of tunnel is in near the construction structures who link up of entrance to a cave, can reduce one-way tunnelling to near the export, because the weak soft entrance to a cave rock that causes of the surrounding rock soil body, accidents such as massif landslide have greatly improved the safety of entrance to a cave department construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
a one-way tunneling construction structure of a tunnel is communicated near a tunnel opening, a forward tunneling pilot tunnel is arranged on the side of the tunnel close to a mountain, an upper step of the pilot tunnel is arranged at the upper part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel, and a lower step of the pilot tunnel is arranged at the lower part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel; during tunneling, forward primary supports are laid on the inner side walls of the upper pilot tunnel step and the lower pilot tunnel step, and temporary supports are laid on the outer side walls; and the side of the tunnel far away from the mountain is a reverse tunneling main tunnel, and during tunneling, reverse primary supports are laid on the outer side walls of the main tunnel upper step and the main tunnel lower step.
The forward primary support comprises: a forward initial-stage supporting layer A, a forward initial-stage supporting layer B, a forward initial-stage supporting layer C and a forward initial-stage supporting layer D are arranged on the outer wall of the rock body, the anchor rod (5) vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end portion penetrates into the surrounding rock to be anchored.
The temporary support includes: a temporary supporting layer A, a temporary supporting layer B, a temporary supporting layer C and a temporary supporting layer D are arranged, the anchor rod vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end portion penetrates into rock soil to be anchored.
The reverse preliminary bracing includes: the anchor rod vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end part penetrates into the surrounding rock to be anchored.
And small guide pipe advanced supports are arranged on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel.
And a pipe shed and a cover arch are arranged on the reverse entrance surrounding rock of the tunnel.
The construction method for one-way tunneling of the tunnel to penetrate through the tunnel near the opening comprises the following steps:
(1) performing one-way tunneling according to a normal tunneling mode until the distance between the tunnel opening and the hidden tunnel pile number is 30 m;
(2) stopping tunneling, changing the inner side part of the mountain body of the tunnel into a single-side-wall pilot tunnel method, starting excavating along the upper step of the pilot tunnel, supporting while tunneling, performing forward primary support on the inner wall, and simultaneously performing temporary support on the outer side tunnel wall;
(3) after the upper step of the pilot tunnel is tunneled for 5-10m, excavating the lower step of the pilot tunnel, supporting while tunneling, performing forward primary support of the inner wall, and simultaneously performing temporary support of the outer side tunnel wall until the tunnel is tunneled to the opening blind hole pile number, and finishing tunnel exit;
(4) constructing a drainage ditch at the opening of the cave and constructing a pipe shed;
(5) backward tunneling, excavating an upper step of the main tunnel, performing backward primary support on the outer side wall of the upper step of the main tunnel, and tunneling while supporting;
(6) excavating the lower step of the main tunnel after the upper step of the pilot tunnel is tunneled for 5-10m, performing reverse primary support on the outer side wall of the upper step of the main tunnel, tunneling while supporting, and gradually removing the temporary support until the tunnel is completely penetrated;
(7) pouring an inverted arch of the tunnel, laying geotextile and a waterproof board, and adopting a template trolley to perform primary molding and secondary lining on the full section of the tunnel;
and the tunnel driving is realized by erecting a ring steel arch frame according to the frame and is a circulating footage.
The construction sequence of the forward primary support, the temporary support and the reverse primary support is as follows: the method comprises the steps of primary spraying concrete, hanging a reinforcing mesh, erecting a steel arch frame, spraying concrete again and setting anchor rods.
And (2) before excavating along the upper step of the pilot tunnel, using a small guide pipe to support the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the upper step of the pilot tunnel in advance, and injecting slurry into the small guide pipe for filling and reinforcing.
The utility model discloses the structure principle as follows:
the closer to the tunnel entrance, the greater the tunneling construction risk, and when the tunnel is tunneled to about 30m away from the tunnel entrance hidden tunnel pile number, the normal tunneling mode is changed into a single-side-wall pilot tunnel method for tunneling. The method is characterized in that a pilot tunnel is tunneled at the part, close to the inner side of a mountain, of the tunnel, and the rock mass of the mountain at the inner side is large and stable, so that the pilot tunnel is tunneled step by step from an upper step, and can be tunneled while top and side supporting is made, so that a good foundation is provided for tunneling the next step, and meanwhile, side supporting is also made during tunneling the next step, so that the stress of the surrounding rock of the whole pilot tunnel is effectively supported. Until the tunnelling has run through the entire tunnel.
After the pilot tunnel penetrates through the tunnel, the top and the side of the pilot tunnel are stably reinforced and supported, good conditions for expanding the cross section of the tunnel are formed, the tunnel can be reversely tunneled, the tunnel is expanded and tunneled, before reverse tunneling, the profile of the cross section of the tunnel is reinforced by a pipe shed and a sleeve arch, rock mass and soil layer above the tunnel opening are further stabilized, and safety of the main tunnel during initial tunneling is guaranteed. The main tunnel excavation is still carried out by adopting an up-and-down step method, because of the good supporting foundation dug by the pilot tunnel during the forward excavation in the earlier stage, the safety of the main tunnel excavation is greatly improved, and the temporary support is gradually removed in the excavation process until the whole tunnel is communicated.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts a single-side wall pilot tunnel method combined with a reverse upper and lower step tunneling method to carry out tunnel one-way tunneling construction, greatly improves the safety of tunnel entrance construction, and reduces accidents of rock falling, landslide and the like at the tunnel entrance caused by weak and soft surrounding rock soil bodies when one-way tunneling is carried out to the vicinity of an exit. The invention adopts a mode combining a step method and forward and reverse tunneling, and avoids the risks of broken stone falling and small-range soil body collapse caused by soil body disturbance at the weakest stage of the surrounding rock of the soil body at the portal at the moment of penetration caused by single-side tunneling of the tunnel.
2. The utility model avoids the tunnel portal from usually adopting a mode of bilateral tunneling and communicating in the tunnel, and communicating in the double-sided tunneling tunnel needs to build fields at two ends, so that the cost is high; according to the calculation, millions of elements can be saved at each opening.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cross section of the tunnel of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure at the tunnel exit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross section of the tunnel of the main tunnel for reverse tunneling of the present invention;
the serial numbers and component names in the figures are: 1. a guide hole is stepped; 2. a pilot tunnel lower step; 31. a temporary support layer A; 32. a temporary support layer B; 33. a temporary support layer C; 34. a temporary support layer D; 4. a small catheter; 5. an anchor rod; 61. a forward initial branch protection layer A; 62. a forward initial branch protective layer B; 63. a forward initial branch protective layer C; 64. a forward initial branch protective layer D; 7. a pipe shed; 8. sleeving an arch; 9. the main hole is stepped; 12. a main hole lower step; 111. a reverse initial branch protection layer A; 112. a reverse initial branch protective layer B; 113. a reverse initial branch protective layer C; 114. reverse initial passivation layer D.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A one-way tunneling construction structure of a tunnel is communicated near a tunnel opening, a forward tunneling pilot tunnel is arranged on the side of the tunnel close to a mountain, a pilot tunnel upper step 1 is arranged at the upper part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel, and a pilot tunnel lower step 2 is arranged at the lower part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel; during tunneling, forward primary supports are laid on the inner side walls of the pilot tunnel upper step 1 and the pilot tunnel lower step 2, and temporary supports are laid on the outer side walls; the side of the tunnel far away from the mountain is a reverse tunneling main tunnel, and reverse primary supports are laid on the outer side walls of the main tunnel upper step 9 and the main tunnel lower step 10 during tunneling;
the forward primary support comprises: the anchor rod 5 vertically penetrates through the forward initial supporting layer A61, the forward initial supporting layer B62, the forward initial supporting layer C63 and the forward initial supporting layer D64, and the end part penetrates into surrounding rocks to be anchored;
the temporary support includes: the anchor rod 5 vertically penetrates through the temporary supporting layer A31, the temporary supporting layer B32, the temporary supporting layer C33 and the temporary supporting layer D34, and the end part penetrates into rock soil to be anchored;
the reverse preliminary bracing includes: the anchor rod 5 vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end part of the anchor rod penetrates into surrounding rock to be anchored;
the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel are provided with small guide pipes 4 for advanced support;
and a pipe shed 7 and a cover arch 8 are arranged on the reverse entrance surrounding rock of the tunnel.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a one-way tunnelling of tunnel is in near construction structures that link up of entrance to a cave which characterized in that: the side of the tunnel close to the mountain is provided with a forward tunneling pilot tunnel, the upper part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel is provided with a pilot tunnel upper step (1), and the lower part of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel is provided with a pilot tunnel lower step (2); during tunneling, forward primary supports are laid on the inner side walls of the pilot tunnel upper step (1) and the pilot tunnel lower step (2), and temporary supports are laid on the outer side walls; and a reverse tunneling main tunnel is arranged on the side of the tunnel far away from the mountain, and reverse primary supports are laid on the outer side walls of the main tunnel upper step (9) and the main tunnel lower step (10) during tunneling.
2. The one-way tunnel boring construction structure penetrating nearby a tunnel opening according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forward primary support comprises: a forward initial-stage supporting layer A (61), a forward initial-stage supporting layer B (62), a forward initial-stage supporting layer C (63) and a forward initial-stage supporting layer D (64), wherein the anchor rod (5) vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end part penetrates into the surrounding rock to be anchored.
3. The one-way tunnel boring construction structure penetrating nearby a tunnel opening according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temporary support includes: the temporary supporting layer A (31), the temporary supporting layer B (32), the temporary supporting layer C (33) and the temporary supporting layer D (34) are vertically penetrated through the anchor rod (5), and the end part penetrates into rock soil to be anchored.
4. A one-way tunnel boring construction structure near an opening of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the reverse preliminary bracing comprises: the reverse initial supporting layer A (111), the reverse initial supporting layer B (112), the reverse initial supporting layer C (113) and the reverse initial supporting layer D (114), the anchor rod (5) vertically penetrates through the layers, and the end part penetrates into the surrounding rock to be anchored.
5. The one-way tunneling construction structure near the tunnel opening according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner and outer side walls of the forward tunneling pilot tunnel are provided with forepoling of small ducts (4).
6. The one-way tunneling construction structure of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a pipe shed (7) and a cover arch (8) are arranged on the reverse entrance surrounding rock of the tunnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123359346.5U CN216477358U (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | One-way tunnel tunneling construction structure communicated near tunnel portal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123359346.5U CN216477358U (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | One-way tunnel tunneling construction structure communicated near tunnel portal |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216477358U true CN216477358U (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202123359346.5U Active CN216477358U (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | One-way tunnel tunneling construction structure communicated near tunnel portal |
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| CN (1) | CN216477358U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-29 CN CN202123359346.5U patent/CN216477358U/en active Active
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