CN216437076U - Current conversion unit, dip-coating equipment for dip-coating workpiece and combination consisting of power supply and dip-coating equipment - Google Patents
Current conversion unit, dip-coating equipment for dip-coating workpiece and combination consisting of power supply and dip-coating equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN216437076U CN216437076U CN202120320086.1U CN202120320086U CN216437076U CN 216437076 U CN216437076 U CN 216437076U CN 202120320086 U CN202120320086 U CN 202120320086U CN 216437076 U CN216437076 U CN 216437076U
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The utility model relates to a deflector unit, especially a deflector unit for dip coating equipment for dip coating work pieces, the deflector unit has simple structure and can realize high-efficiency deflector, the deflector unit comprises: the input end is used for connecting the current transformation unit to a power supply; an output for connecting the deflector element to one or more loads, in particular one or more electrodes; a power switch; an isolation transformer for electrically isolating the input from the output, wherein the power switch is connected on the input side to the input and on the output side to the isolation transformer, wherein the isolation transformer is connected on the input side to the power switch and on the output side to the output.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a deflector unit which can be used in particular in a dip coating installation for dip coating workpieces. The dip coating apparatus comprises, inter alia: a dipping bath into which the workpiece can be brought for dip coating of the workpiece; a variable current system for providing a dipping current that can be directed through the bath for dipping a workpiece; and one or more electrodes disposable in the immersion bath and electrically connected to the variable flow system.
Background
Dip coating devices are known, for example, from DE 102004061791 a1 or WO 2013/087455 a 1.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a converter unit which is simple in structure and can realize high-efficiency conversion.
This object is achieved according to the utility model by a converter unit having the following features.
"flow" is understood in this specification as an electrical current.
The terms "connectable" and "connected" in this description are to be understood as meaning both direct and indirect electrical connections. In an indirect connection, it can be provided that a further element or component is arranged between two elements or components which are or can be connected to each other.
Advantageously, the converter unit may comprise:
an input for connecting the converter unit to a power supply and an output for connecting the converter unit to one or more loads, in particular one or more electrodes.
Preferably, the converter cell further comprises a power switch and an isolation transformer for electrically isolating the input from the output, wherein the power switch is connected on the input side to the input and on the output side to the isolation transformer, wherein the isolation transformer is connected on the input side to the power switch and on the output side to the output.
It may be particularly advantageous for the power switch to comprise a silicon carbide power switch. Preferably, the power switch and thus the converter unit together can thus be constructed in a particularly space-saving and/or compact manner.
In particular, the power switch comprises one or more power switch cells, in particular one or more silicon carbide power switch cells, for example silicon carbide MISFET cells (SiC-MISFET; silicon carbide-metal-insulator-semiconductor-field effect transistor) and/or silicon carbide IGBT cells (SiC-IGBT; silicon carbide-insulated gate-bipolar transistor).
It can also be provided that the power switch is formed by one or more power switch cells, in particular one or more silicon carbide power switch cells, for example silicon carbide MISFET cells (SiC-MISFET; silicon carbide metal-insulator-semiconductor-field effect transistor) and/or silicon carbide IGBT cells (SiC-IGBT; silicon carbide insulated gate bipolar transistor).
The SiC MISFET cells can be, for example, SiC MOSFET cells (silicon carbide metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors).
The one or more power switching units are preferably or can be operated at a clock frequency of more than 20kHz, in particular 30kHz or more, for example 40kHz or more.
In one embodiment of the utility model, it can be provided that the converter unit comprises a control device and an interface for the information-technical connection of the control device to a superordinate control system.
Preferably, the interface is an industrial and/or digital and/or TCP/IP based and/or real time enabled interface.
Preferably, the interface is designed and configured such that the interface and/or the converter unit is or can be integrated into a field bus system, in particular a Profinet interface. The converter unit can thus preferably be integrated in a simple manner into the upper converter system and controlled and/or activated and/or regulated by the upper stage.
The Profinet interface is an interface defined according to the industrial ethernet standard of the field bus-user organization (registration association).
Optionally, an additional interface is provided, in particular, for safely disconnecting the supply voltage in the converter unit. Whereby preferably an increased level of security and an increased level of performance can be achieved.
In particular, the interface includes one, two or more RJ-45 connectors.
Advantageously, the converter unit may comprise an auxiliary power supply separate and/or independent from the power supply, by means of which power can be supplied to the control device of the converter unit and/or to the interface of the converter unit in an independent manner from the power supply.
Furthermore, a plurality of such auxiliary power supplies may be provided, in particular a separate auxiliary power supply for the interface on the one hand and for the control device of the converter unit on the other hand.
Preferably, one or more signal inputs are provided in each case at one or more or all auxiliary power supplies in order to be able to disconnect the auxiliary power supplies and thus also the converter cells individually and/or specifically.
Preferably, one or more or all of the following signals and/or results and/or parameters can be detected, ascertained, measured, transmitted by means of the interface and/or can be reported to the superordinate control system:
a control item; a rated voltage; rated current intensity; a state; a measurement value at an output; the volatility of the output signal and/or the input signal; an alarm message; the operating parameters of the converter cell are, in particular, the internal temperature, the internal voltage, the internal current strength, the internal resistance, the load state (pressure level) of the rectifier device, in particular of the rectifier control of the rectifier device.
Furthermore, it can be provided that one or more or all of the aforementioned signals and/or results and/or parameters can be influenced, in particular controlled and/or adjusted, via the interface.
The auxiliary power supply provides in particular a voltage of 24V.
Preferably, an input filter and/or a rectifying and/or a smoothing device is arranged between the input and the power switch.
In one embodiment of the utility model, it can be provided that the rectifier device is or comprises an active rectifier control, in particular an active front end.
In particular, provision is made in the active commutation control for one or more transistor cells, in particular power switching cells, to be activated or activatable, instead of or in addition to the commutation by means of diodes.
In particular, the active rectification control section includes a plurality of power switching cells, in particular IGBT cells, for rectifying a supply voltage provided by the supply power source.
Advantageously, the active commutation control can be coupled to the control device of the converter unit in a manner known per se for the active control and/or regulation of the active commutation control.
Preferably, one or more or all of the components of the deflector unit and/or the dip coating apparatus and/or the control device and/or the commutation control are constructed and arranged to perform one or more or all of the mentioned functions and/or to achieve one or more or all of the mentioned objectives.
Preferably, the active rectification control part is configured and arranged such that
a) Ascertaining or being able to ascertain an actual current profile and/or an actual voltage profile of the supply current provided by the supply power source;
b) ascertaining or being able to ascertain deviations of the actual current profile and/or the actual voltage profile from the rated current profile and/or the rated voltage profile; and
c) the deviation can be compensated at least partially by means of the commutation control, in particular by activating the power switching unit of the commutation control in a corrective manner.
Preferably, a power switch is connected to the rectifier device, in particular to the active rectifier control, which power switch regenerates an alternating current from the direct current generated by means of the rectifier device and thus preferably enables the transmission of electrical energy via the isolating transformer.
In order to provide a constant voltage at the power switch, in particular substantially independently of the three-phase ac voltage applied to the input, it may be advantageous if the converter unit forms or comprises a long-distance power supply device (weitbeichsnetzteil). In particular, the input filter and/or the rectifier device of the converter unit forms the long-distance power supply system or a component thereof.
In particular, the long-range power supply device enables a constant voltage at the power switch independently of the value of the supply voltage (input voltage) in the range between about 350V and about 550V, in particular between about 380V and about 480V, wherein "about" is preferably understood as a deviation of +/-10%.
Advantageously, the output of the converter unit can have a plurality of output connections, wherein a plurality of the output connections are preferably at a positive potential and/or form one or more anodes. In particular, a plurality of electrodes connected in parallel to one another can be supplied with electrical energy by means of the converter unit.
Advantageously, one or more output connections can each be assigned a current transformer for measuring the current intensity at the respective output connection.
In particular, it can be provided that a current transformer for measuring the current intensity is arranged in each case at one or more or all output connections which are at positive potential and/or form one or more positive poles.
Alternatively or in addition, one or more shunt units (shunt resistors) for measuring the current intensity can be provided.
For example, it can be provided that the converter unit comprises four or more output connections which are at positive potential and/or form four or more anodes.
One or more further output connections are preferably at a negative potential and/or form one or more negative poles, wherein blocking diodes (isolation diodes) are preferably arranged in each case at the one or more output connections.
The deflector unit is particularly suitable for use in a dip coating apparatus.
In particular, the converter units can be received in so-called 19-inch racks, which are standardized in particular according to EIA 310-D, IEC 60297 and/or DIN 41494 SC 48D.
Advantageously, the deflector unit can be configured as a plug-in structural unit for a 19-inch rack. Preferably, the deflector units have a height of at most 5 height units, in particular at most 4 height units. One unit of height is here the unit of height in a 19 inch rack and is about 1.75 inches.
It may be advantageous if the converter unit comprises a housing for receiving a plurality of, in particular all, electronic components of the converter unit, wherein the housing is preferably cooled, in particular air cooled. For example, one or more fans are provided which suck air from the surroundings of the deflector unit and guide it through and/or into the interior of the housing. The air suction and the air discharge are preferably located on different sides of the housing, in particular on sides of the housing which are opposite and/or facing away from one another. For example, air suction may be provided at the front side of the housing, while air discharge may be provided at the back side of the housing. The opposite air flow is also contemplated.
Preferably, the converter unit can be operated with an output voltage of at least about 300V, in particular at least about 400V, preferably about 450V.
The converter unit is preferably designed to be able to provide a maximum direct current of at least about 80A, preferably at least about 100A, for example about 120A, at the output.
Preferably, the converter unit is capable of achieving an output power, especially a sustained power, of at least about 25kW, preferably at least about 30kW, for example about 32 kW.
Preferably, all requirements for certification according to CE (CE designation according to european union regulation 765/2008) and/or UL (underwriters laboratories) are met on the sea level (NN) and in the deflector units in heights up to at least about 2000m above NN, in particular at least about 2300m above NN, for example about 2500m above NN.
The deflector unit preferably meets the requirements according to EN 50160.
Advantageously, the converter cell can comprise an internal monitoring device, by means of which deviations from a predefined normal operation of the converter cell, in particular deviations from a predefined voltage profile directly upstream of the circuit breaker, can be ascertained, wherein the converter cell can be switched off, in particular automatically, by means of the monitoring device, in particular if the deviations are too great. Overload or other damage at the converter cells can thus preferably be avoided or at least minimized.
Advantageously, the converter unit can provide a switching option by means of which different operating modes can be selected, in particular automatically adjusted, for different heights. For example, operating modes for smaller heights up to, for example, up to about 1000m above NN and further operating modes for larger heights above, for example, about 1000m above NN may be specified. In comparison with the operating mode for smaller heights, it is preferably provided that the power is reduced by, for example, at least about 10%, in particular at least about 20%, in the operating mode for larger heights.
The utility model also relates to a dip coating device, in particular for dip coating workpieces.
The dip coating apparatus preferably comprises:
a dipping bath into which the workpiece can be brought for dipping the workpiece;
a variable current system for providing a dip coating current that can be directed through the dip bath for dip coating the workpiece; and
an electrode disposed or arrangeable in the immersion bath and electrically connected to the deflector system,
wherein the converter system preferably comprises one or more converter units, in particular according to the utility model.
Preferably, the dip coating apparatus has one or more or all of the features and/or advantages described in relation to the deflector unit.
It may be advantageous if the converter system comprises at least two substantially identically constructed converter units.
In particular, the dip coating device comprises at least two flow cells which are provided with a plurality of individual electrodes or electrode groups which differ from one another, wherein one or more electrode groups each comprise at least two or at least three individually activated electrodes, in particular at least four individually activated electrodes. An optimized power distribution can thereby be obtained in particular.
In particular, the dip coating apparatus can be supplied with a supply current from a power supply source. The utility model therefore also relates to a combination of a power supply and a dip coating device, in particular a dip coating device according to the utility model.
In particular, it is provided here that the power switch of the converter unit of the dip coating installation is or can be connected to the supply voltage source on the input side without electrical isolation.
Further optionally, one or more or all of the following features and/or advantages may be implemented:
the converter system comprises in particular at least one converter cell which comprises a power switch and an isolation transformer, wherein the power switch is connectable on the input side to a supply source and on the output side to the isolation transformer, wherein the isolation transformer is connected or connectable on the input side to the power switch and on the output side to an electrode.
Since the converter system includes a converter unit having a power switch and an isolation transformer, the converter system can be flexibly applied. Preferably, a plurality of converter cells are provided, each comprising a power switch and an isolating transformer connected to the power switch on the input side.
Provision is preferably made for a predeterminable dip-coating current to be generated by the supply current of the supply source by means of the power switch for supply to the electrodes.
In particular, the current intensity of the dip current can be set by means of a power switch.
Advantageously, the power switch can be electrically isolated from the pole by means of an isolation transformer.
In particular, the power supply source is electrically isolated from the electrodes by means of an isolation transformer.
Advantageously, the power switch may comprise a power semiconductor.
The converter unit preferably comprises a rectifying device and/or a smoothing device, which can be connected on the input side to the supply source and on the output side to the power switch. In this way, alternating current can be supplied to the converter unit, which alternating current can be converted into direct current by means of a rectifier device and/or a smoothing device in order to provide direct current at the power switch.
It can furthermore be provided that the converter unit comprises a rectifying device and/or a smoothing device, which is connected on the input side to the isolation transformer and on the output side to the electrodes. In this way, the high-frequency rectangular signal generated by means of the power switch can be smoothed in a particularly simple manner for the uniform application of the dip-coating current to the electrode.
In particular, it can be provided that the converter unit comprises a rectifier device and/or a smoothing device, by means of which the three-phase alternating current of the power supply can be converted to generate a direct current with low ripple.
It can be provided that the converter cells are configured as modules and are therefore functional units of the converter system which are in particular independent of themselves, replaceable and/or functionally independent of one another.
Preferably, all electrodes electrically connected to the deflector element are fixed electrodes, in particular anodes.
In principle, however, it can also be provided that the electrode electrically connected to the deflector element is a cathode. The cathode may be a stationary electrode or a workpiece positioned in a dip bath.
A method for dip coating a workpiece can be carried out in particular by means of a dip coating installation, wherein the method preferably comprises the following method steps:
bringing the workpiece into a dipping bath for dip coating the workpiece;
a dip coating current is generated from the supply current by means of a converter system comprising a converter cell with a power switch and an isolation transformer,
wherein the power switch is connected on the input side to a supply source and on the output side to an isolation transformer, an
Wherein the isolation transformer is connected on the input side to the power switch and on the output side to an electrode arranged in the immersion bath; and
a dip coating current is directed through the dip bath to dip coat the workpiece.
The method for dip coating a workpiece preferably has one or more or all of the features and/or advantages described above in connection with the deflector unit and/or the dip coating apparatus and/or the combination consisting of the power supply and the dip coating apparatus.
When a plurality of converter cells are used, they can preferably be triggered in a completely self-sufficient fashion with current or voltage.
Preferably, the dip coating apparatus is an electrocoating apparatus.
Preferably, the dip coating current is a painting current.
Preferably, the workpiece can be painted by means of a dip coating apparatus.
In particular, the workpiece is a body of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.
Especially when a plurality of converter cells are connected in parallel, it is preferable to replace the conventional thyristor rectifier by a converter cell.
Further in this specification, a voltage should be applied or a voltage should necessarily be mentioned strictly in a physical sense, but only "application of current" or "current" in general is partly mentioned for simplicity of explanation and explanation. Therefore, the information relating to "current" is also understood to mean "current obtainable by applying voltage" as necessary.
Drawings
The following description and the schematic illustrations of the embodiments illustrate further features and/or advantages of the utility model.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a combination of a dip coating apparatus and a power supply;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a deflector unit of the deflector system of the dip coating apparatus of FIG. 1; and
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a converter unit corresponding to fig. 2.
Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in all the figures.
Detailed Description
The dip coating apparatus, indicated as a whole with 100, shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises: a dipping bath 102 filled with a dipping bath 104 formed of a dipping liquid; and a variable current system 106 by which a plurality of electrodes 110 of dip coating apparatus 100 may be supplied with current from a power supply 108.
By bringing the workpiece 112 into the dipping bath 102 by means of the transport device 116, guiding the workpiece 112 along the transport direction 118 through the dipping bath 102 and removing it again from the dipping bath 102, the workpiece 112, for example a vehicle body 114, can be dipped, in particular painted, by means of the dipping plant 100, wherein an electric current is conducted through the dipping bath 104 in the dipping bath 102 while the workpiece 112 is in the dipping bath 102.
The electrode 110 serves to conduct an electric current to the immersion bath 104 in the immersion bath tank 102, wherein the workpiece 112 forms a cathode 120 and wherein the electrode 110, which is arranged fixedly in the immersion bath tank 102, forms an anode 122.
In various embodiments, the anodes 122 are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed in the bath 102 and are each electrically connected to a deflector unit 124 of the deflector system 106. In particular, a single electrode 110 or a plurality of electrode groups 160 is formed, wherein only one current transformer unit 124 or a plurality of current transformer units 124 is associated with each single electrode 110 or each electrode group 160.
To operate the dip coating device 100, an electric current is required which can be supplied by means of the power supply 108.
Therefore, a combination 126 of the dip coating apparatus 100 and the power supply 108 is required to perform the dip coating process.
The aforementioned combination 126 of dip coating apparatus 100 and power supply 108 operates as follows:
the supply current, in particular a three-phase alternating current, is provided by means of the supply voltage source 108. Since the alternating current cannot be applied directly to the electrode 110, but must be converted into a direct current in order to be able to carry out the dip coating process, the supply current is converted by means of the converter system 106. In particular, a direct current, also referred to below as dip current, is generated by means of the converter system 106.
The workpieces 112, in particular vehicle bodies 114, are brought into the immersion bath 104 in the immersion bath 102 by means of a transport device 116 and are guided through the immersion bath 102 in a transport direction 118. In this case, a dc voltage generated by the supply voltage by means of the converter system 106 is applied to the electrodes 110, so that a dip-coating current flows. The current flows from the anode 122 to the cathode 120 formed by the workpiece 112, which causes the dip-coating material to be deposited at the workpiece 112 and thus dip-coat the workpiece.
The dip coating current is provided to each anode 122 by means of each deflector unit of the deflector system 106.
As may be gathered from fig. 2, each converter unit 124 comprises an input 130, in particular three phases, by means of which the converter unit 124 may be connected to the power supply 108. Furthermore, a ground connection 131 is preferably provided at the input 130.
An input filter 133 is connected at input 130.
The inverter unit 124 further comprises a rectifying device 132 for generating direct current from the three-phase alternating current of the power supply 108 and for supplying the direct current to a power switch 134 of the inverter unit 124.
The power switch 134 is designed as an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)136 and serves to regulate the electrical power transmitted by means of the converter cell 124.
The power switch 134 is connected on the input side to the rectifier 132 and, in turn, to the power supply 108.
The power switch 134 is connected on the output side to an isolation transformer 138 of the converter unit 124.
The isolation transformer 138 of the inverter unit 124 serves to electrically isolate the electrode 110 connected to the inverter unit 124 from the power supply 108 (galvansch getrennt).
An isolation transformer 138 is connected on the input side to the power switch 134. The isolation transformer 138 is connected on the output side via an output 146 of the converter unit 124 to the electrode 110, in particular to the anode 122. Since only alternating current can be transmitted by means of the isolating transformer 138, but direct current must nevertheless be applied to the anode 122, a rectifying device 140 and a smoothing device 142 are provided between the isolating transformer 138 and the anode 122.
The alternating current transmitted by the isolation transformer 138 may be rectified by a rectifying device 140. Next, the current can be smoothed by means of a smoothing device 142, which is embodied, for example, as a filter 144, so that the dip coating current to be supplied to the anode 122 has as little ripple as possible. In particular, the residual ripple of the obtainable or obtained direct current is less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, for example less than 1%.
The rectifier device 140 is connected on the input side to the isolation transformer 138 and on the output side to the smoothing device 142.
The smoothing device 142 is connected on the input side to the rectifying device 140 and on the output side to an output 146 of the converter unit 124.
The output 146 of the deflector unit 124 is connected to the electrode 110, in particular the anode 122.
In order to control and/or adjust the deflector units 124, in particular all the deflector units 124, of the deflector system 106, the dip coating apparatus 100 comprises a control device 148.
The control device 148 may be centrally arranged for all deflector units 124.
Alternatively, it can be provided that each converter unit 124 is equipped with a separate control device 148. Preferably, each converter unit 124 is also provided with an interface 150, so that the control devices 148 of the different converter units 124 can communicate with each other directly and/or via a superordinate control system 164.
The three-phase alternating current which can be supplied by means of the power supply 108 and which can be applied at the input 130 of the converter unit 124 can be converted in a simple manner by means of the converter unit 124 shown in fig. 2 into direct current which can be supplied to the anode 122 and which can be supplied at the output 146 of the converter unit 124.
Preferably, two output connections 147 are provided at the output 146, in order to be able to connect the two electrodes 110, for example, at the deflector unit 124. The current intensity at the respective output connection 147 is preferably ascertained by means of one or more shunt elements 149.
In fig. 3 a second embodiment of the deflector unit 124 is shown, which is optimized compared to the deflector unit 124 according to fig. 2.
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment shown in fig. 2, for example, in that the rectifier 132 upstream of the power switch 134 has an active rectifier control 168. The rectification control 168 preferably comprises one or more power switching cells 169, in particular IGBTs, which can rectify the alternating current supplied by the power supply 108 instead of or in addition to diodes.
Feedback into the power supply grid of the power supply 108 may preferably be minimized or avoided altogether by means of one or more power switching units 169 of the rectification control 168. Thereby optimizing the efficiency and quality of the supplied direct current. Furthermore, the grid load can be reduced. This also makes it possible to comply with the certification regulations.
In particular, the commutation control 168 is therefore or forms a so-called active front end.
In addition, in the second specific embodiment of converter unit 124 shown in fig. 3, it is preferably provided that power switch 134 is embodied as a silicon carbide power switch 162 or comprises such a switch in order to generate an alternating voltage for transmitting electrical power via isolation transformer 138.
In particular, the power switch 134 preferably includes one or more silicon carbide power switch cells, such as silicon carbide MISFET cells and/or silicon carbide IGBT cells. As a result, the power switch 134 can be operated preferably at an increased frequency compared to conventional IGBT power switches, so that in turn an optimized power transmission and/or lower power losses can be achieved.
In the second embodiment of the converter unit 124 shown in fig. 3, it is furthermore preferably provided that one or more converters 170 for determining the current intensity at the output connection 147 are arranged at the output connection 147.
In particular, a total of four output connections 147 are provided, which serve as positive poles (plusipol), wherein the current intensity is or can be ascertained by means of three current transformers 170 and a shunt element 149.
The shunt element 149 can be used to ascertain the total current intensity, wherein the current intensity at all four output connections 147 forming the positive pole can be finally inferred by measuring the current intensity at three of the four output connections 147 by means of the three current transformers 170.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the converter unit 124 shown in fig. 3, it can optionally be provided that the converter unit 124 comprises an auxiliary power supply 166 in an independent manner with respect to the power supply 108. The auxiliary power supply is used in particular for supplying the control device 148 and/or the interface 150 with electrical energy, in particular for activating and/or using the control device 148 and/or the interface 150 even when the power supply 108 is switched off, for example for diagnostic and/or monitoring purposes.
Finally, the interface 150 of the converter unit 124 according to fig. 3 is preferably a Profinet interface, which enables a real-time connection to the field bus system and thus an optimized control and/or regulation of the converter unit 124. Furthermore, maintenance services and/or advance warning functions can thereby preferably be integrated and/or used in order to ensure reliable, trouble-free and efficient operation of the converter unit 124.
The second embodiment of the deflector unit 124 shown in fig. 3 is identical in construction and function to the deflector unit 124 shown in fig. 2, so that reference may be made to the preceding description thereof.
In other embodiments (not shown), any combination of the features of the illustrated embodiments can be provided. For example, the circuit breaker 134 in the form of a silicon carbide circuit breaker 162 can also be provided with fewer than four output connections 147 and without an auxiliary power supply 166.
Claims (21)
1. A deflector unit (124), wherein the deflector unit (124) comprises:
an input (130) for connecting the converter unit (124) to a power supply (108);
an output (146) for connecting the deflector unit (124) to one or more loads;
a power switch (134);
an isolation transformer (138) for electrically isolating the input (130) from the output (146),
wherein the power switch (134) is connected on the input side to the input (130) and on the output side to the isolation transformer (138),
wherein the isolation transformer (138) is connected on the input side to the power switch (134) and on the output side to the output (146),
wherein the power switch (134) comprises a silicon carbide power switch (162).
2. The deflector unit (124) of claim 1, wherein the output (146) is configured to connect the deflector unit (124) to one or more electrodes (110).
3. The converter cell (124) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the silicon carbide power switch (162) comprises or is formed by one or more silicon carbide MISFET cells and/or one or more silicon carbide IGBT cells.
4. The converter unit (124) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the converter unit (124) comprises a control device (148) and an interface (150) for connecting the control device (148) in a telematics-like manner to a superior control system (164).
5. The converter unit (124) according to claim 4, characterized in that the interface (150) is an interface (150) for integration into a fieldbus system.
6. The converter unit (124) according to claim 5, wherein the interface (150) is a Profinet interface.
7. The converter unit (124) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the converter unit (124) comprises an auxiliary power supply (166) separate from the power supply (108) and/or independent with respect to the power supply (108), by means of which auxiliary power supply electrical energy can be supplied to the control device (148) of the converter unit (124) and/or to the interface (150) of the converter unit (124) in an independent manner with respect to the power supply (108).
8. The converter unit (124) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an input filter (133) and/or a rectifying device (132) and/or a smoothing device is arranged between the input (130) and the power switch (134).
9. The converter unit (124) according to claim 8, wherein the rectifying device (132) is or comprises an active rectifying control portion (168).
10. The converter unit (124) according to claim 8, wherein the rectifying device (132) is or comprises an active front end.
11. The converter unit (124) according to claim 9, wherein the active rectification control section (168) comprises a plurality of power switch units (169) for rectifying a supply voltage provided by the supply power source (108).
12. The converter cell (124) of claim 11, wherein the power switch cell (169) is an IGBT cell.
13. The converter unit (124) according to claim 9, characterized in that for active control and/or adjustment of the active commutation control, the active commutation control (168) is coupled in a manner known per se with a control device (148) of the converter unit (124).
14. The converter unit (124) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output (146) has a plurality of output terminals (147), wherein one or more of the output terminals (147) are each provided with a current transformer (170) for measuring the current intensity at the respective output terminal (147).
15. The converter unit (124) according to claim 14, wherein the output (146) has a plurality of output connections (147) at a positive potential.
16. Deflector unit (124) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deflector unit (124) is a deflector unit (124) of a dip coating apparatus (100) for dip coating a workpiece (112).
17. A dip coating apparatus for dip coating a workpiece (112), the dip coating apparatus comprising:
a dip bath (102) into which the workpiece (112) can be brought for dip coating of the workpiece (112);
a variable current system (106) for providing a dip coating current that can be conducted through the dip bath (102) for dip coating the workpiece (112); and
an electrode (110) arranged or arrangeable in the immersion bath (102) and electrically connected with the variable flow system (106),
wherein the converter system (106) comprises one or more converter units (124) according to any of claims 1-16.
18. The dip coating apparatus for dip coating a workpiece (112) according to claim 17, wherein the deflector system (106) comprises at least two identically configured deflector units (124).
19. Dip coating apparatus for dip coating a workpiece (112) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the dip coating apparatus (100) comprises at least two deflector units (124) provided with a plurality of individual electrodes (110) which differ from one another or groups of electrodes (160) which differ from one another, wherein one or more groups of electrodes (160) each comprise at least three individually activated electrodes (110).
20. Dip coating apparatus for dip coating a workpiece (112) according to claim 19, wherein the one or more electrode sets (160) each comprise at least four individually activated electrodes (110).
21. A combination of a power supply source (108) and a dip coating apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the power switch (134) of the converter unit (124) of the dip coating apparatus (100) is connected or connectable to the power supply source (108) on the input side without electrical isolation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020201562.7A DE102020201562A1 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2020-02-07 | Power conversion unit and coating system |
| DE102020201562.7 | 2020-02-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216437076U true CN216437076U (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110155467.3A Pending CN113258799A (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-04 | Converter unit and dip-coating device |
| CN202120320086.1U Active CN216437076U (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-04 | Current conversion unit, dip-coating equipment for dip-coating workpiece and combination consisting of power supply and dip-coating equipment |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110155467.3A Pending CN113258799A (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-04 | Converter unit and dip-coating device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4100561A1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN113258799A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102020201562A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021155888A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022118410A1 (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | Dürr Systems Ag | Rectifier module |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202004021146U1 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2006-12-21 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Electrodip coating plant comprises current control units that move through the plant together with the workpieces and provide an output voltage for the workpieces |
| CN101835926A (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2010-09-15 | 西门子公司 | The current control device of the electrical network of electrochemistry coating equipment |
| CN202721890U (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2013-02-06 | 许廷格电子两合公司 | Module of plasma feeding device and plasma feeding device |
| DE102011056496A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-20 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Coating plant and process for coating workpieces |
| US9774246B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2017-09-26 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Three-phase current source rectifier for power supplies |
| JP6295173B2 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2018-03-14 | ローム株式会社 | Power supply |
| EP3361617A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Rectifier circuit for an electrolysis plant |
| US11323038B2 (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2022-05-03 | University Of Houston System | Single phase single stage bi-directional level 1 electric vehicle battery charger |
-
2020
- 2020-02-07 DE DE102020201562.7A patent/DE102020201562A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2021
- 2021-02-04 CN CN202110155467.3A patent/CN113258799A/en active Pending
- 2021-02-04 DE DE112021000931.1T patent/DE112021000931A5/en active Pending
- 2021-02-04 WO PCT/DE2021/100110 patent/WO2021155888A1/en unknown
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- 2021-02-04 EP EP21708914.3A patent/EP4100561A1/en active Pending
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| CN113258799A (en) | 2021-08-13 |
| WO2021155888A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
| DE112021000931A5 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
| DE102020201562A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
| EP4100561A1 (en) | 2022-12-14 |
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