CN216434510U - High-numerical-aperture apochromatic objective lens for single atom trapping and control - Google Patents
High-numerical-aperture apochromatic objective lens for single atom trapping and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN216434510U CN216434510U CN202220629338.3U CN202220629338U CN216434510U CN 216434510 U CN216434510 U CN 216434510U CN 202220629338 U CN202220629338 U CN 202220629338U CN 216434510 U CN216434510 U CN 216434510U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high numerical aperture apochromatic objective for monatomic imprisonment and control belongs to neutral atom quantum computation and quantum simulation field. The objective lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis, all the lenses are coaxially fixed in a black lens barrel, the objective lens group is arranged in front of the vacuum glass cavity, the optical axis of the objective lens group is perpendicular to the surface of the vacuum glass cavity, and the monatomic trapped in the vacuum glass cavity is located at the image space focal point of the objective lens group. The utility model discloses not only numerical aperture is high, can realize the strong imprisonment of neutral atom to the focusing of imprisoning light intensity effectively, and at imprisonment light, detecting light, control the light wave band and realized apochromatism moreover, can carry out the efficient simultaneously and survey and control with the high accuracy in the neutral atom array that the interval is micron magnitude. The objective lens group is composed of spherical lenses, so that the processing cost is low, and the vacuum glass cavity can adapt to vacuum glass cavities with different thicknesses.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an accurate optical device design field, more specifically relate to quantum computation and quantum simulation field based on neutral atom, especially relate to a high numerical aperture apochromatic objective that is used for monatomic imprison and controls, be applicable to and carry out light dipole trap imprison, survey and control to neutral monatomic or monatomic array.
Background
By means of the technology, people can obtain very pure and highly controllable quantum systems experimentally, and therefore the vigorous development of the fields of quantum computation and quantum simulation is promoted. The optical dipole trap is generally formed by strongly focusing the far detuned trapping light through a high numerical aperture objective lens, and the objective lens is also used for collecting resonance fluorescence of atoms to realize the detection of single atoms. Therefore, the objective lens with the high numerical aperture is an important component in a single-atom experimental system, and the performance of the objective lens directly influences the control precision of single atoms.
The monatomic experiment must be performed in an ultra-high vacuum environment, so compatibility with a vacuum system must be considered when using and designing the objective lens. Currently, there are two possible solutions to coexistence. The first solution is to directly install a small-sized aspheric objective lens with high numerical aperture in the vacuum system, so that the detected fluorescence of atoms and the dipole trapping light pass through the vacuum glass at an approximately vertical angle. The method has the advantages that the vacuum glass has little influence on the performance of the objective lens, the structure of the objective lens is simple, but the objective lens is arranged in the vacuum in advance, so that the flexibility of the system is sacrificed, the difficulty of system assembly and subsequent optical path adjustment is increased, in order to achieve ultrahigh vacuum, the composition materials of the objective lens are strictly limited in the aspects of air release rate and thermal expansion coefficient, more importantly, a single aspheric lens cannot eliminate axial chromatic aberration in the wavelength sections of confining light and control light, and therefore the control precision and the detection efficiency of single atoms are reduced. Another solution is to place the objective lens outside the vacuum for use, and adjust the spatial position of the objective lens to select the trapping and detecting regions of the atoms. In this way, the adjustment and assembly of the objective lens is relatively simple and does not increase the complexity of the vacuum system setup, but since the vacuum glass is between the objective lens and the trapped atoms, it will introduce additional aberrations. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the flexibility of system adjustment, how to increase the numerical aperture of the objective lens and eliminate the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens in the bands of the trapping light, the detecting light and the control light is a commonly pursued target of a neutral single-atom experiment, and no document and product disclose an objective lens design structure capable of meeting the requirements at the same time.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an objective design problem in just lying in to the neutral monatomic experiment at present provides a high numerical aperture apochromatic objective that is used for monatomic imprisonment and controls, is applicable to the vacuum and uses outward and is used for monatomic imprisonment and controls the scheme of design.
The above object of the utility model is realized through following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high numerical aperture apochromatic objective for monatomic trapping and control, includes objective lens group, and objective lens group includes first lens, second lens, third lens and the fourth lens of following the same optical axis sequence range, and objective lens group is fixed in black lens cone, and objective lens group arranges in before the vacuum glass chamber and objective lens group's optical axis and vacuum glass chamber surface vertical, and the monatomic of being trapped in the vacuum glass intracavity is located objective lens group's image side focus department, first lens focal power is negative, second lens focal power is positive, third lens focal power is positive, fourth lens focal power is positive, and second lens focal power is positive
The focal power of the third lens
Fourth lens power
，
。
The first lens comprises a biconcave lens and a first biconvex lens which are sequentially arranged in a gluing mode along the direction from an object space to an image space; the second lens comprises a second biconvex lens and a negative meniscus lens which are sequentially arranged in a gluing mode along the direction from the object space to the image space; and the third lens and the fourth lens are both positive meniscus lenses.
The glass materials of the first biconvex lens, the second biconvex lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are consistent.
The refractive index of yellow light of the biconcave lens
Satisfies the following conditions:
；
yellow refractive index of the first biconvex lens, the second biconvex lens, the third lens and the fourth lens
And Abbe number
The same, and all satisfy:
negative meniscus lens yellow refractive index
Satisfies the following conditions:
。
the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens group in a wave band of 780nm-1064nm is less than 1 μm.
The numerical aperture NA of the objective lens group satisfies: NA is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.65.
The cavity wall of the vacuum glass cavity is a quartz window sheet with parallel inner and outer sides, and the thickness d of the quartz window sheet meets the following requirements:
。
the yellow light wavelength was 589.3nm as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and positive effect:
1. the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens group is not less than 0.5, so that the strong imprisoning requirement required by cooling of the monatomic Raman sideband is met, and very high spatial resolution and fluorescence collection efficiency can be provided when the monatomic Raman sideband is controlled and detected.
2. The utility model discloses control the optical wave band achromatism at dipole imprisoning light, resonance detection light and interior state, can improve monatomic the precision of controlling.
3. The utility model discloses a working distance is long, is imprisoned monatomic and vacuum glass's interval and is not less than 5mm, just so has sufficient space to let other control light cover monatomic imprisoning region like this.
4. The utility model discloses eliminate the extra aberration that vacuum glass introduced effectively, had good suitability to different glass thickness moreover.
5. And each lens in the objective lens group is a spherical lens, so that the processing precision is high and the processing cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a dot arrangement diagram of the objective lens assembly of the present embodiment at the focal point of the image plane under the irradiation of parallel light with an axial wavelength of 830 nm;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional diagram of wavefront aberration at the focal point of an image plane when the objective lens assembly of this embodiment is irradiated by parallel light with axial wavelengths of 780nm, 830nm, 852nm and 1064 nm; the horizontal axis "beam diameter/diaphragm diameter" in the figure represents the ratio of the beam diameter to the diaphragm diameter, the diaphragm diameter being the diameter of the first lens, and a maximum value of 1 representing the beam diameter being the same as the diaphragm diameter. The stop diameter limits the maximum beam diameter size incident into the optical system. The vertical axis "wavefront aberration" in the figure is defined by the deviation between the actual wavefront and the ideal unbiased wavefront, with negative numbers in the unit of wavelength number λ, e.g., 0.05 λ for wavefront aberration;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens assembly of this embodiment between 780nm and 1064 nm;
in the figure:
10-a lens group of an objective lens,
11-a first lens, 12-a second lens, 13-a third lens, 14-a fourth lens;
20-vacuum glass cavity;
30-single atom (neutral single atom).
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in connection with the examples, and it is to be understood that the examples described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the objective lens group 10 includes a first lens 11, a second lens 12, a third lens 13 and a fourth lens 14 arranged in sequence along the same optical axis, the objective lens group 10 is fixed in a black lens barrel, the objective lens group 10 is disposed in front of a vacuum glass chamber 20 and the optical axis of the objective lens group 10 is perpendicular to the surface of the vacuum glass chamber 20, and a monatomic 30 trapped in the vacuum glass chamber 20 is located at the image-side focal point of the objective lens group 10.
The power of the first lens 11 is negative, and the powers of the second lens 12, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 are positive. Focal power of the second lens 12
13 focal power of the third lens
Fourth lens 14 focal power
And satisfies the following conditions:
。
the spherical aberration generated by the vacuum glass cavity 20 and the first lens 11 is positive, and the spherical aberration generated by the vacuum glass cavity 20 and the second lens 12, the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 are negative, which can compensate each other to reduce the spherical aberration of the whole focusing optical path system.
The first lens 11 is a double cemented lens, which includes a double concave lens 1101 and a first double convex lens 1102 cemented together, and the double concave lens 1101 and the first double convex lens 1102 are arranged in order along the direction from the object side to the image side. The biconcave lens 1101 is made of heavy crown glass, and the biconcave lens 1101 has a yellow light (wavelength 589.3 nm) refractive index
The first biconvex lens 1102 is made of special dispersive glass, and the specific parameters are as follows: the first biconvex lens 1102 has a yellow light (wavelength 589.3 nm) refractive index and an Abbe number of
And
they respectively satisfy:
1.60≤
≤1.65，1.43≤
≤1.47，89≤
≤92。
the second lens 12 is a cemented lens, and includes a second biconvex lens 1201 and a negative meniscus lens 1202 cemented together, and the second biconvex lens 1201 and the negative meniscus lens 1202 are arranged in this order along the direction from the object side to the image side. The second biconvex lens 1201 is made of a material identical to that of the first biconvex lens 1102, the negative meniscus lens 1202 is made of heavy flint glass, and the refractive index of the negative meniscus lens is yellow (wavelength 589.3 nm)
Satisfies the following conditions: 1.70 is less than or equal to
≤1.73。
The third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 are both positive meniscus lenses, the manufacturing material is the same as the glass material used for the first biconvex lens 1102, and the positive meniscus lenses can reduce the focal length of the objective lens and increase the numerical aperture of the objective lens without introducing significant aberration.
The surface shapes of all the constituent lenses of the objective lens group 10 are spherical, which not only reduces the processing cost of the objective lens, but also improves the adjustment efficiency of the objective lens.
The axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens group 10 in the wave band of 780nm-1064nm is less than 1 μm.
The numerical aperture NA of the objective lens group 10 satisfies: NA is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.65.
The wall of the vacuum glass cavity 20 is a quartz window sheet with parallel inner and outer sides, and the thickness d of the quartz window sheet meets the following requirements:
TABLE 1 specific design value table for each optical element of this example
Table 1 is a table of specific design values of each optical element of this embodiment, and the specific value can be optimized and adjusted according to the product requirement, which is not a limitation of the embodiment of the present invention. The column "serial number" in the table is numbered according to the surface of each lens. The "object plane" in the serial number represents the object plane of the objective lens assembly 10, and the thickness value "infinite" indicates that the object plane is at infinity and the incident light is parallel incidence. The stop of this objective lens group 10 is arranged on the first face of the first lens 11. The "image plane" in the serial number indicates the image plane of the objective lens group 10, that is, the position of the trapped single atom. In the reference numerals a to g, the reference numerals a to p denote the serial numbers of the arrangement of each refractive surface from left to right in the objective lens assembly 10 of fig. 1, and the reference numerals o and p denote two refractive planes of the vacuum glass. The column "radius" indicates the magnitude of the radius of each surface, positive radius values indicate the center of curvature to the right of the surface (the side adjacent to the image plane), and negative radius values indicate the center of curvature to the left of the surface (the side away from the image plane). The column "thickness" indicates the axial distance from the current surface to the next surface. "H-ZK 10L" in the column of "Material" is represented by Duguang glass with the brand name H-ZK10L, "H-FK 71" is represented by Duguang glass with the brand name H-FK71, and "H-ZF 3" is represented by Duguang glass with the brand name H-ZF 3. The column "half aperture" represents half of the maximum clear aperture of the current surface.
FIG. 2 is a dot alignment diagram of the objective lens assembly 10 of this embodiment at the focal point of the image plane under the irradiation of parallel light with an axial wavelength of 830 nm. The dark solid circles represent airy disk with a radius of 0.85 μm, corresponding to a numerical aperture of 0.595. It can be seen that all the geometric ray tracing points are located inside the airy disk, which shows that the objective lens of this embodiment can reach the diffraction limit when the numerical aperture is equal to 0.595.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional distribution diagram of wavefront aberration at the focal point of the image plane when the objective lens assembly 10 of this embodiment is irradiated by parallel light with axial wavelengths of 780nm, 830nm, 852nm, and 1064nm, where peak-to-peak values of wavefront aberrations of four wavelength bands are all less than 0.2 wavelength, and root-mean-square values are all less than 0.05 wavelength, which shows that the wavefront aberrations of the objective lens at the four wavelengths have been well corrected.
FIG. 4 shows the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens assembly 10 in the near infrared band of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens is less than 0.2 μm in the wavelength range of 780nm to 1064 nm.
The objective lens assembly 10 of the present embodiment can be used to trap, detect and manipulate Rb atoms. The wavelength of the trapped light can be 830nm, the corresponding optical dipole trap beam waist is 0.85 μm, and the radial resonant frequency is 1 mK well depth
115kHz and 10 muK atomic temperature corresponding to effective Lamb-Dicke parameters
The Lamb-Dicke condition for carrying out Raman sideband cooling on atoms is met; the wavelength of the detection light is 780nm, the spatial resolution to atoms is 0.8 mu m, the photon collection efficiency of the objective lens is about 8 percent, and the condition of carrying out nondestructive internal state detection on single atoms in the trap can be met; the wavelength of the internal state control light is 780nm or 795 nm, and because the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens at 830nm, 795 nm and 780nm is very small, the control light can completely coincide the focused beam waist and the trapping atoms only by being consistent with the trapping light path before entering the objective lens, so that the difficulty in adjusting the control light path can be greatly reduced.
The utility model discloses can be used to neutral atom quantum computation and quantum simulation for produce strong focus dipole trap or dipole trap array of imprisoned atom, conveniently imprison neutral atom, control and survey.
It should be noted that the embodiments described in this application are only examples to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high numerical aperture apochromatic objective for monatomic trapping and control, includes objective lens group (10), its characterized in that: the objective lens group (10) comprises a first lens (11), a second lens (12), a third lens (13) and a fourth lens (14) which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis, the objective lens group (10) is fixed in a black lens barrel, the objective lens group (10) is arranged in front of a vacuum glass cavity (20), the optical axis of the objective lens group (10) is perpendicular to the surface of the vacuum glass cavity (20), a monatomic (30) confined in the vacuum glass cavity (20) is positioned at the image space focal point of the objective lens group (10), the focal power of the first lens (11) is negative, the focal power of the second lens (12) is positive, the focal power of the third lens (13) is positive, the focal power of the fourth lens (14) is positive, and the focal power of the second lens (12) is positive
And the focal power of the third lens (13)
Fourth lens (14) having an optical power
，
。
2. The high numerical aperture apochromatic objective lens for monatomic trapping and manipulation of claim 1, wherein: the first lens (11) comprises a biconcave lens (1101) and a first biconvex lens (1102) which are sequentially arranged in a gluing mode along the direction from an object side to an image side; the second lens (12) comprises a second biconvex lens (1201) and a negative meniscus lens (1202) which are sequentially arranged in a gluing way along the direction from an object side to an image side; the third lens (13) and the fourth lens (14) are both positive meniscus lenses.
3. The objective lens of claim 2, wherein the objective lens is configured to be used for single atom trapping and manipulation, and comprises: the glass materials of the first biconvex lens (1102), the second biconvex lens (1201), the third lens (13) and the fourth lens (14) are consistent.
4. The high numerical aperture apochromatic objective lens for monatomic trapping and manipulation of claim 3, wherein: a yellow refractive index of the biconcave lens (1101)
Satisfies the following conditions:
；
yellow refractive indexes of the first biconvex lens (1102), the second biconvex lens (1201), the third lens (13) and the fourth lens (14)
And Abbe number
The same, and all satisfy:
negative meniscus lens (1202) yellow refractive index
Satisfies the following conditions:
and the yellow light wavelength is 589.3 nm.
5. The high numerical aperture apochromatic objective lens for monatomic trapping and manipulation of claim 1, wherein: the axial chromatic aberration of the objective lens group (10) in a wave band of 780nm-1064nm is less than 1 mu m.
6. The high numerical aperture apochromatic objective lens for monatomic trapping and manipulation of claim 1, wherein: the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens group (10) satisfies: NA is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.65.
7. The high numerical aperture apochromatic objective lens for monatomic trapping and manipulation of claim 1, wherein: the wall of the vacuum glass cavity (20) is a quartz window sheet with parallel inner and outer sides, and the thickness d of the quartz window sheet meets the following requirements:
。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220629338.3U CN216434510U (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2022-03-22 | High-numerical-aperture apochromatic objective lens for single atom trapping and control |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220629338.3U CN216434510U (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2022-03-22 | High-numerical-aperture apochromatic objective lens for single atom trapping and control |
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