CN216429550U - Blowout preventer - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses preventer belongs to downhole equipment technical field. The disclosed blowout preventer comprises a housing, a first shear ram assembly and a second shear ram assembly, wherein a channel extending along a first direction is arranged in the housing, and the two shear ram assemblies are oppositely arranged on two sides of the channel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction; the first shear gate plate assembly comprises a first valve plate, a first shear blade and a first sealing piece, the second shear gate plate assembly comprises a second valve plate and a second shear blade, the first valve plate and the second valve plate are arranged on the shell, the first shear blade is arranged on the first valve plate, the second shear blade is arranged on the second valve plate, and the first valve plate and the second valve plate can move so that the first shear blade and the second shear blade are close to or far away from each other; the first end face of first shear blade is located to first sealing member, and the first end face of laminating of second shear blade, and the fitting surface of the first cutting end face of second shear blade and first sealing member can cooperate to sealed passageway.

Description

Blowout preventer

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of downhole equipment, and particularly relates to a blowout preventer.

Background

The blowout preventer is a well mouth safety sealing device commonly used in oil field operation, and well mouth pressure is sealed by closing a flashboard to prevent well blowout accidents.

One blowout preventer disclosed in the related art includes a shear ram assembly for severing a tubing to close a wellhead under special circumstances. The shearing gate plate assembly comprises two shearing gate plates, two shearing blades and a front seal, wherein the two shearing blades are respectively arranged on the two shearing gate plates, the two shearing gate plates can be close to each other under the driving action of the driving mechanism so as to cut off an oil pipe, the shearing blades move along with the corresponding shearing gate plates, the front seal is arranged between the shearing blades and the corresponding shearing gate plates, and the front seal protrudes out of the end faces of the shearing blades.

Therefore, when the two shearing blades slide relatively, the mutually facing end faces of the two shearing blades are contacted and attached, after the two shearing blades are matched to shear an oil pipe, the two shearing blades continuously slide relatively, the shearing blades can contact and scratch the front seal of the opposite side, so that the sealing failure is caused, the sealing performance is reduced, and the service life of the blowout preventer is further influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the embodiment of the application is to provide a blowout preventer, can solve the problem that shear blade seals before the fish tail, leads to seal failure, sealing performance reduction, influences the life of blowout preventer among the prior art.

An embodiment of the present application provides a blowout preventer, including casing, first shear ram assembly and second shear ram assembly, wherein:

the shell is provided with a channel, the channel extends along a first direction, the first shear gate plate assembly and the second shear gate plate assembly are arranged on the shell and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the channel along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

the first shear ram assembly comprises a first valve plate, a first shear blade and a first sealing piece, the second shear ram assembly comprises a second valve plate and a second shear blade, the first valve plate and the second valve plate are arranged on the shell, the first shear blade is arranged on the first valve plate, the second shear blade is arranged on the second valve plate, and the first valve plate and the second valve plate are respectively movable along the second direction to enable the first shear blade and the second shear blade to be close to or far away from each other;

the first sealing piece is arranged on the first end face of the first shearing blade, the second shearing blade is attached to the first end face, the first cutting end face of the second shearing blade can be matched with the matching face of the first sealing piece to seal the channel, and the matching face is the surface, facing the first cutting end face, of the first sealing piece.

In this embodiment, the first shearing blade and the second shearing blade can approach each other to cut off the drilling tool, and in this process, the second shearing blade is attached to the first end face of the first shearing blade, and after the oil pipe is cut off, the first shearing blade and the second shearing blade will continue to approach each other until the first cutting end face of the second shearing blade contacts and cooperates with the mating face of the first sealing element. Because the contact area of the first sealing element and the second shearing blade is larger, the contact stress at any position of the matching surface of the first sealing element is smaller, and the stress is uniform, the second shearing blade cannot damage the first sealing element.

So set up, the blade is sheared to the second both can not harm first sealing member, and the blade is sheared to the second cooperatees with first sealing member and can guarantee the sealing performance of passageway again, and the condition of sealing failure can not appear, avoids influencing the life of preventer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a blowout preventer as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first shear ram assembly and a second shear ram assembly as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a first shear ram assembly and a second shear ram assembly as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a mating of a first shear ram assembly and a second shear ram assembly as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a first shear ram assembly and a second shear ram assembly at another angle as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic cylinder assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a semi-closed gate plate assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

100-a housing; 110-channel;

200-a first shear ram assembly; 210-a first valve plate; 220-a first shearing blade; 221-a second cutting end face; 222-an extension; 230-a first seal; 231-a boss; 232-mating surface; 233-a first edge portion; 240-a third seal;

300-a second shear ram assembly; 310-a second valve plate; 320-a second shear blade; 321-a first cutting end face; 330-a second seal; 331-a second edge portion; 340-a floating member; 350-a fourth seal;

400-a hydraulic cylinder assembly; 410-hydraulic cylinder; 420-a piston; 430-a piston rod; 431-through holes; 440-a fixation sleeve; 450-air cavity;

500-semi-closed gate plate assembly; 510-a third valve plate; 520-slips; 530-a fifth seal; 540-sixth seal; 550-a hold down pin; 560-circlip.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application may be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the terms "first," "second," and the like are generally used herein in a generic sense and do not limit the number of terms, e.g., the first term can be one or more than one.

The blowout preventer provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment of the present application discloses a blowout preventer, which is a blowout preventer installed on a casing of a wellhead during oil drilling for controlling high-pressure oil, gas and water.

The disclosed blowout preventer includes a housing 100, a first shear ram assembly 200, and a second shear ram assembly 300. As shown in fig. 1, the housing 100 is provided with a passage 110, and the passage 110 extends along a first direction, which is an extending direction of the sleeve. First shear ram assembly 200 and second shear ram assembly 300 are both disposed in housing 100 and are disposed opposite each other along a second direction on either side of passageway 110, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. Wherein the first direction is the Y direction in fig. 1, and the second direction is the X direction in fig. 1.

It is noted that the first shear ram assembly 200 and the second shear ram assembly 300 are capable of moving toward and away from each other in a second direction to shut off a drilling tool located in the passage 110 and seal the passage 110.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first shear ram assembly 200 includes a first shutter 210, a first shear blade 220, and a first seal 230, the second shear ram assembly 300 includes a second shutter 310 and a second shear blade 320, the first shutter 210 and the second shutter 310 are disposed on the housing 100, the first shear blade 220 is disposed on the first shutter 210, the second shear blade 320 is disposed on the second shutter 310, and the first shutter 210 and the second shutter 310 can move toward or away from each other, so as to move the first shear blade 220 and the second shear blade 320 toward or away from each other. Specifically, first valve plate 210 and second valve plate 310 may be fixedly attached to housing 100 by welding, bonding, or the like, or may be detachably attached to housing 100 by bolting, or the like.

In this embodiment, the first cutting blade 220 and the second cutting blade 320 are attached to each other and they are attached to each other and slide. The first sealing member 230 is disposed at a first end surface of the first cutting blade 220, the first end surface faces the second cutting blade 320, and the second cutting blade 320 is attached to the first end surface, so that the first sealing member 230 and the second cutting blade 320 are located at the same side of the first cutting blade 220. Therefore, in the process of the first cutting blade 220 and the second cutting blade 320 approaching each other, the second cutting blade 320 approaches the first seal 230.

With the second cutting blade 320 in contact with the first sealing member 230, the first cutting end face 321 of the second cutting blade 320 is engaged with the engagement face 232 of the first sealing member 230, where the engagement face 232 is the surface of the first sealing member 230 facing the first cutting end face 321, and the second cutting blade 320 and the first sealing member 230 together seal the passage 110.

In the present embodiment, since the first cutting end surface 321 is to be used for a cutting drill, the first cutting end surface 321 is generally disposed in an inclined manner, i.e., a tangential direction of any position of the first cutting end surface 321 is not parallel to the first direction. Alternatively, the first cutting end face 321 may be a bevel or a cambered surface, but of course, may have other shapes and may be used for a cutting end face. In any case, the mating face 232 has the same structure as the first cutting end face 321.

Thus, as the first shearing blade 220 and the second shearing blade 320 approach each other, the second shearing blade 320 moves against the first end surface, and after the drilling tool, i.e., the tubing, is sheared, the first shearing blade 220 and the second shearing blade 320 continue to approach each other until the first cutting end surface 321 of the second shearing blade 320 contacts and engages the engagement surface 232 of the first seal 230. Since the contact area between the first sealing member 230 and the second cutting blade 320 is large, the contact stress at any position of the mating surface 232 of the first sealing member 230 is small and the stress is uniform, so that the second cutting blade 320 does not damage the first sealing member 230.

So set up, the second shear blade 320 neither can damage first seal 230, and the second shear blade cooperatees with first seal and can guarantee the sealing performance of passageway 110 again, and the condition that can not appear sealing failure avoids influencing the life of preventer.

In this embodiment, the second cutting blade 320 has a first groove, and the first cutting end face 321 is a groove wall face of the first groove; the first cutting blade 220 has a second cutting end surface 221, and the first cutting blade 220 is provided with a second groove, and the second cutting end surface 221 is a groove wall surface of the second groove. As shown in fig. 3, the groove wall surfaces of the first and second grooves are both arc surfaces, and when the first and second shearing blades 220 and 320 approach each other to a certain position, the first and second cutting end surfaces 321 and 221 together form a circular structure for fixing the oil pipe, so as to facilitate subsequent cutting.

So set up, first shear blade 220 and second shear blade 320 can also be fixed a position oil pipe in passageway 110 except that cutting oil pipe, avoid cutting the oil pipe aversion in-process.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-4, the first sealing member 230 includes a protruding portion 231, wherein the mating surface 232 is disposed on the protruding portion 231, that is, the mating surface 232 is an outer surface of the protruding portion 231, and the protruding portion 231 can extend into the first groove, and the protruding portion 231 is mated with the first groove. In this way, the mating surface 232 of the first seal 230 is in contact with the first cutting end surface 321, and the second cutting blade 320 is prevented from damaging the first seal 230.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the first cutting blade 220 includes two extensions 222, with a second recess formed between the two extensions 222. When the first shearing blade 220 and the second shearing blade 320 approach each other, the second shearing blade 320 pushes the oil pipe into between the two extensions 222, i.e., into the second recess, and the second shearing blade 320 moves to fit the two extensions 222.

Due to the extension 222, the first cutting blade 220 has a longer dimension in the second direction, so that the second cutting blade 320 can be attached to the first end surface of the first cutting blade 220 earlier, thereby preventing the second cutting blade 320 from being displaced in a direction perpendicular to the first end surface, and ensuring that the second cutting blade 320 moves in the second direction.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the second shear ram assembly 300 includes a second seal 330, the second seal 330 being disposed on a second end face of the second shear blade 320, i.e., the second seal 330 is located on the same side of the second shear blade 320 as the first shear blade 220, and the second end face of the second shear blade 320 abuts the first end face of the first shear blade 220. With the first cutting end face 321 mated with the mating face 232, the first shear blade 220 compresses the second seal 330.

So configured, in addition to the first sealing member 230 and the second cutting blade 320 cooperating to seal the passage 110, the second sealing member 330 and the first cutting blade 220 also cooperate to seal the passage 110, further ensuring the sealing property.

Since the two extensions 222 of the first cutting blade 220 contact the second sealing member 330, and the contact area between the two extensions 222 and the second sealing member 330 is limited, the second sealing member 330 is subject to large stress and is easily damaged.

To address the above issues, as shown in FIG. 5, the second shear ram assembly 300 includes a float member 340, the float member 340 being disposed at the second end face of the second shear blade 320, and the float member 340 being located between the first shear blade 220 and the second seal 330. As such, the floating member 340 spaces the second cutting blade 320 and the second seal 330 apart, and when the second cutting blade 320 approaches the second seal 330, the floating member 340 contacts both the second cutting blade 320 and the second seal 330, that is, the two extensions 222 of the first cutting blade 220 contact the floating member 340.

In addition, the surface of the floating member 340 mates with a third end face of the second seal 330, which is the surface of the second seal 330 facing the first shear blade 220.

With this arrangement, although the pressure of the first cutting blade 220 acts on the second sealing member 330 through the floating member 340, the second sealing member 330 is not easily damaged because the contact area between the floating member 340 and the second sealing member 330 is large, and the stress pressure at any position of the third end surface of the second sealing member 330 is small and uniform.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first sealing member 230 includes a first rim portion 233, and the second sealing member 330 includes a second rim portion 331, wherein the first rim portion 233 is provided at an edge of the first cutting blade 220, and the second rim portion 331 is provided at an edge of the second cutting blade 320, and the first rim portion 233 is in close contact with the second rim portion 331 with the first cutting end surface 321 being mated with the mating surface 232.

With this arrangement, the edges of the first cutting blade 220 and the second cutting blade 320 are sealed by the cooperation of the first rim portion 233 and the second rim portion 331, thereby improving the sealing performance of the passage 110.

In the present embodiment, the number of the first edge portions 233 and the second edge portions 331 is two, and in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first direction and the second direction, the two first edge portions 233 are respectively disposed at both ends of the first cutting blade 220, the two second edge portions 331 are also respectively disposed at both ends of the second cutting blade 320, and the protruding portion 231 is disposed between the two first edge portions 233.

Further, before the first cutting end surface 321 is engaged with the engagement surface 232, the second cutting blade 320 moves between the two first edge portions 233, that is, the two first edge portions 233 limit the second cutting blade 320, and prevent the moving direction of the second cutting blade 320 from being changed.

In an alternative embodiment, the first cutting blade 220 is detachably provided to the first valve plate 210, and the second cutting blade 320 is detachably provided to the second valve plate 310. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first valve plate 210 is provided with a first opening, and the fastener penetrates through the first opening and tightly fastens into the first shearing blade 220, so as to detachably connect the first valve plate 210 and the first shearing blade 220; similarly, the second valve plate 310 is provided with a second opening hole, and the second valve plate 310 and the second cutting blade 320 are detachably connected by fastening members penetrating through the second opening hole and being fastened to the second cutting blade 320. The fastener can be a bolt, a pin or other fasteners.

Of course, the detachable connection between the first valve plate 210 and the first shear blade 220 and between the second valve plate 310 and the second shear blade 320 may be achieved in other manners.

So set up, can install and dismantle first shear blade 220 or second shear blade 320 as required, can in time change when first shear blade 220 or second shear blade 320 are sharp enough simultaneously.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, first shear ram assembly 200 includes a third seal 240, third seal 240 being disposed between first valve plate 210 and housing 100; likewise, second shear ram assembly 300 includes a fourth seal 350, fourth seal 350 being disposed between second valve plate 310 and housing 100. Optionally, the third seal 240 and the fourth seal 350 may each be a rubber seal.

With this arrangement, the sealing property between first valve plate 210 and housing 100 is further ensured by third seal 240; the sealing between the second valve plate 310 and the housing 100 is further ensured by the third sealing member 240.

Since first valve plate 210 and second valve plate 310 need to be close to or far away from each other, they need linear movement power, and first valve plate 210 or second valve plate 310 can be connected by using a handle and a transmission assembly, and by manually rotating the handle, the rotation power is converted into the movement power of first valve plate 210 or second valve plate 310 through the transmission assembly. However, the manual operation is labor-consuming, and the first valve plate 210 and the second valve plate 310 are slow in moving speed and low in cutting efficiency.

To solve the above problem, the blowout preventer further includes a driving mechanism provided on the housing 100, the driving mechanism for driving at least one of the first valve plate 210 and the second valve plate 310 to move. That is, the driving mechanism may drive first valve plate 210 to move, may drive second valve plate 310 to move, or may drive first valve plate 210 and second valve plate 310 to move together. Specifically, the driving mechanism may be a linear driver such as a linear actuator or a cylinder, as long as the first valve plate 210 or the second valve plate 310 can be driven to move linearly.

In the present embodiment, the driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder assembly 400, the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 is connected to each of the first valve plate 210 and the second valve plate 310, and the first valve plate 210 and the second valve plate 310 are driven to move by the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400.

So set up, realize the removal of first valve plate 210 or second valve plate 310 through actuating mechanism, use manpower sparingly, improve the cutting efficiency of first shear blade 220 and second shear blade 320 simultaneously.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 includes a hydraulic cylinder 410, a piston 420, and a piston rod 430. The hydraulic cylinder 410 is mounted on the housing 100, the piston 420 is movably disposed in the hydraulic cylinder 410, an outer circumferential surface of the piston 420 is in close contact with an inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 410, the piston 420 divides an inner space of the hydraulic cylinder 410 into two cavities, hydraulic oil is used as a working medium and circulates in the two cavities, and the volumes of the two cavities are changed by changing the pressure of the hydraulic oil, so that the piston rod 430 is pushed to move linearly. In this embodiment, a sealing member is disposed between the outer circumferential surface of the piston rod 430 and the inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 410, so as to ensure the sealing property between the two cavities and prevent the hydraulic oil from flowing between the two cavities.

Further, a piston rod 430 is extended into the hydraulic cylinder 410 and connected to the piston 420, and the piston rod 430 is connected to the first valve plate 210 or the second valve plate 310. In this way, the piston rod 430 moves to drive the first valve plate 210 or the second valve plate 310 to move, and finally the first shearing blade 220 or the second shearing blade 320 moves.

Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 410 may be fixedly disposed on the housing 100 by means of bonding, welding, or the like, or may be detachably mounted on the housing 100 by means of bolting or the like; piston rod 430 and first valve plate 210 or second valve plate 310, and piston rod 430 and piston 420 may be fixedly connected by means of bonding, welding, or the like, or may be detachably connected.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, cylinder assembly 400 further includes a retaining sleeve 440, and retaining sleeve 440 is coupled to cylinder 410, i.e., the position of retaining sleeve 440 relative to cylinder 410 is fixed. Moreover, the fixing sleeve 440 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod 430, the fixing sleeve 440 has an inner cavity, the piston rod 430 penetrates through the inner cavity, an air cavity 450 is formed between the cavity wall of the inner cavity and the piston rod 430, the volume of the air cavity 450 changes along with the movement of the piston rod 430, and conversely, the change of the volume of the air cavity 450 also changes the movement position of the piston rod 430.

Specifically, the outer surface of the partial piston rod 430 located in the inner cavity is of a stepped structure, the stepped structure comprises a first stepped surface, a second stepped surface and a third stepped surface, the first stepped surface and the third stepped surface are circumferential surfaces, the first stepped surface and the third stepped surface are connected through the second stepped surface, the second stepped surface is an annular surface, the plane of the second stepped surface is perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod 430, when the air pressure in the air cavity 450 is increased, the air pressure acts on the second stepped surface, the piston rod 430 is pushed to move through the second stepped surface, and on the contrary, when the air pressure in the air cavity 450 is reduced, the piston rod 430 restores to move.

Meanwhile, the piston rod 430 is axially provided with a through hole 431, one end of the through hole 431 is communicated with the channel 110, and the other end of the through hole 431 is communicated with the air chamber 450. Since the pressure in the well, which is too high, will prevent the first shearing blade 220 and the second shearing blade 320 from approaching each other, is introduced into the air chamber 450 through the through hole 431, and the pressure in the well, which is used as a motive force for pushing the piston rod 430 to move, that is, the motive force for the first valve plate 210 and the second valve plate 310 to approach each other, helps the first shearing blade 220 and the second shearing blade 320 to approach each other to cut the drill, thereby improving the shearing capability and preventing the pressure in the well from hindering the cutting.

In a further embodiment, the blowout preventer further comprises two half-closed ram assemblies 500, the two half-closed ram assemblies 500 can cooperate to clamp a tubing, the two half-closed tubing are disposed on the housing 100 and are disposed on two sides of the channel 110 along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Specifically, the two half gate assembly 500 can move in a third direction, i.e., the two half gate assembly 500 can be brought close to each other to grip the tubing. In this embodiment, the third direction may be parallel to the second direction, such that in the first direction, one of the half gate plate assemblies 500 is opposite to the first shear gate plate assembly 200, and the other half gate plate assembly 500 is opposite to the second shear gate plate assembly 300, in which case the third direction is the X direction of fig. 1.

So set up, through the cooperation of two half flashboard subassemblies 500, carry out the centre gripping to oil pipe, realize hanging and sealed to oil pipe.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, both semi-closed ram assemblies 500 include a third valve plate 510, slips 520, and a fifth seal 530. Wherein, the third valve plate 510 is disposed on the housing 100, and the third valve plate 510 is movable relative to the housing 100 along a third direction, and the slips 520 and the fifth sealing element 530 are both disposed on the third valve plate 510, so that the slips 520 and the fifth sealing element 530 are moved while the third valve plate 510 is moved. Also, a fifth seal 530 is positioned between the slips 520 and the third valve plate 510, thereby compressing the slips 520 against the third valve plate 510.

In this embodiment, the third valve plate 510 is provided with a slip installation position and a seal installation position, the slips 520 are installed in the slip installation position, the fifth sealing member 530 is installed in the seal installation position, the slips 520 are installed first, then the fifth sealing member 530 is installed in the seal installation position, and the slips 520 are pressed against the third valve plate 510 by the fifth sealing member 530.

So configured, by moving the two third valve plates 510, the slips 520 and the fifth seals 530 of the two semi-seal ram assemblies 500 can both be brought into contact with the outer surface of the tubing, and finally the two slips 520 and the two fifth seals 530 collectively grip and seal the tubing.

For the installation mode of the slips 520, a through hole is formed in one side, facing away from the channel 110, of the slips 520 and communicated with a slip installation position, a pressing pin 550 is installed in the through hole, and the pressing pin 550 is connected with the slips 520.

Specifically, the end of the hold-down pin 550 is provided with a limiting protrusion, the surface of the slip 520 is provided with a groove, the limiting protrusion can extend into the groove to realize the connection between the slip 520 and the hold-down pin 550, and the limiting protrusion is in limiting contact with the slip 520 in the direction away from the channel 110 to prevent the slip 520 from being separated from the hold-down pin 550; meanwhile, a spring collar 560 is disposed at an end of the hold-down pin 550 away from the slip 520, and the spring collar 560 is in restraining contact with the third valve plate 510 in a direction approaching the channel 110, thereby preventing the hold-down pin from moving along the through hole. It should be noted that the direction away from the channel 110 or the direction close to the channel 110 is parallel to the third direction.

In this way, the hold down pins 550 and slips 520 are prevented from moving relative to the third valve plate 510, and the hold down pins 550 and slips 520 are secured relative to the third valve plate 510.

In this embodiment, the blowout preventer further comprises a driving device provided in the housing 100, according to fig. 1, for driving the semi-closed ram assembly 500 to move in the third direction. Wherein, the driving device is detachably connected to the housing 100 by bolts or the like.

Specifically, the driving device may be a hydraulic cylinder assembly, i.e., the same structure as the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 described above; of course, the driving device may be a manual driving device, that is, a handle and a transmission assembly are connected to the third valve plate 510, and by manually rotating the handle, the rotational power is converted into the moving power of the third valve plate 510 through the transmission assembly, and finally drives the slips 520 and the fifth sealing member 530 to move.

Optionally, fifth seals 530 are respectively removably mounted to third valve plate 510. Specifically, the third valve plate 510 is provided with an opening, and the third valve plate 510 and the fifth sealing member 530 are connected by a fastening member penetrating through the opening and being screwed into the fifth sealing member 530, wherein the fastening member may be a bolt. Of course, the third valve plate 510 and the fifth sealing member 530 may be detachably connected in other manners. In this way, the user can install and remove the fifth seal 530 as desired.

In an alternative embodiment, the semi-closed ram assembly 500 further comprises a sixth seal 540, the sixth seal 540 being disposed between the third valve plate 510 and the housing 100. In this way, the sixth sealing member 540 further ensures the sealing property between the third valve plate 510 and the housing 100.

The sealing element according to the present application may be a rubber sealing element, such as a rubber pad, a foam pad, or a silicone pad, or may be other types of sealing elements, and may have a corresponding sealing function.

While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. A blowout preventer, comprising a housing (100), a first shear ram assembly (200), and a second shear ram assembly (300), wherein:

the housing (100) is provided with a passage (110), the passage (110) extends along a first direction, the first shear ram assembly and the second shear ram assembly are arranged on the housing (100) and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the passage (110) along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

the first shear ram assembly (200) comprises a first valve plate (210), a first shear blade (220) and a first seal (230), the second shear ram assembly (300) comprises a second valve plate (310) and a second shear blade (320), the first valve plate (210) and the second valve plate (310) are arranged in the housing (100), the first shear blade (220) is arranged in the first valve plate (210), the second shear blade (320) is arranged in the second valve plate (310), and the first valve plate (210) and the second valve plate (310) are respectively movable along the second direction to enable the first shear blade (220) and the second shear blade (320) to be close to or far away from each other;

the first sealing element (230) is arranged on a first end face of the first shearing blade (220), the second shearing blade (320) is attached to the first end face, a first cutting end face (321) of the second shearing blade (320) and a matching face (232) of the first sealing element (230) can be matched to seal the passage (110), and the matching face (232) is a surface of the first sealing element (230) facing the first cutting end face (321).

2. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein the second shear blade (320) is provided with a groove, and the first seal (230) comprises a boss (231), wherein:

first cutting end face (321) do the groove wall face of recess, fitting surface (232) are located bellying (231), bellying (231) can stretch into in the recess, just bellying (231) with the recess cooperatees.

3. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein the second shear ram assembly (300) comprises a second seal (330), the second seal (330) being disposed on a second end face of the second shear blade (320), the second end face abutting the first end face, the first shear blade (220) compressing the second seal (330) with the first cutting end face (321) mating with the mating face (232).

4. The blowout preventer of claim 3, wherein the second shear ram assembly (300) further comprises a floating member (340), the floating member (340) being disposed at a second end face of the second shear blade (320), and the floating member (340) being located between the first shear blade (220) and the second seal (330), a surface of the floating member (340) mating with a third end face of the second seal (330), the third end face being a surface of the second seal (330) facing the first shear blade (220).

5. The blowout preventer of claim 3, wherein the first seal (230) comprises a first rim (233) and the second seal (330) comprises a second rim (331), wherein:

the first edge portion (233) is disposed at an edge of the first cutting blade (220), the second edge portion (331) is disposed at an edge of the second cutting blade (320), and the first edge portion (233) and the second edge portion (331) are in close contact with each other when the first cutting end surface (321) and the mating surface (232) are mated with each other.

6. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein the first shear blade (220) is removably disposed to the first valve plate (210) and the second shear blade (320) is removably disposed to the second valve plate (310).

7. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein the first shear ram assembly (200) comprises a third seal (240), the third seal (240) being disposed between the first valve plate (210) and the housing (100); the second shear ram assembly (300) comprises a fourth seal (350), the fourth seal (350) being disposed between the second valve plate (310) and the housing (100).

8. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein a tangential direction of any position of the first cutting end face (321) intersects the first direction.

9. The blowout preventer of claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism provided to the housing (100) for driving movement of at least one of the first valve plate (210) and the second valve plate (310).

10. The blowout preventer of claim 9, wherein the drive mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder assembly (400), the hydraulic cylinder assembly (400) comprising a hydraulic cylinder (410), a piston (420), and a piston rod (430), the hydraulic cylinder (410) being disposed in the housing (100), the piston (420) being movably disposed within the hydraulic cylinder (410), the piston rod (430) extending into the hydraulic cylinder (410) and being connected to the piston (420), and the piston rod (430) being connected to the first valve plate (210) or the second valve plate (310).

11. The blowout preventer of claim 10, wherein the hydraulic cylinder assembly (400) further comprises a retainer sleeve (440), the piston rod (430) having a through bore (431) open in an axial direction, wherein:

the fixed sleeve (440) is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder (410) and sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod (430), the fixed sleeve (440) is provided with an inner cavity, the piston rod (430) penetrates through the inner cavity, an air cavity (450) is formed between the cavity wall of the inner cavity and the piston rod (430), the volume of the air cavity (450) changes along with the movement of the piston rod (430), one end of the through hole (431) is communicated with the channel (110), and the other end of the through hole (431) is communicated with the air cavity (450).

12. The blowout preventer according to claim 1, further comprising two semi-closed ram assemblies (500), both semi-closed ram assemblies (500) being provided on the housing (100) and being oppositely provided on both sides of the channel (110) in a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

13. The blowout preventer of claim 12, wherein the semi-closed ram assembly (500) comprises a third valve plate (510), slips (520), and a fifth seal (530), wherein:

the third valve plate (510) is arranged on the shell (100) and can move relative to the shell (100) along the third direction, the slip (520) and the fifth sealing element (530) are arranged on the third valve plate (510), and the fifth sealing element (530) is arranged between the slip (520) and the third valve plate (510) so as to press the slip (520) on the third valve plate (510).

14. The blowout preventer of claim 13, wherein the slips (520) and the fifth seal (530) are each removably disposed on the third valve plate (510).

15. The blowout preventer of claim 13, wherein the semi-closed ram assembly (500) further comprises a sixth seal (540), the sixth seal (540) being disposed between the third valve plate (510) and the housing (100).

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